Sports Sciences Commons^™

If It’S Not The Shoes, It’S Gotta Be The (Leather) Ball, Rick Burton

Sport Management - All Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Validation Of A 5k Age And Weight Run Handicap Model, Paul M. Vanderburgh, Lloyd L. Laubach

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

Though increasing age and body weight (BW) have been widely known to be associated with slower distance run times, the common convention in 5K road races is to categorize competitors by age and, sometimes, BW. This has the disadvantage of assigning only small numbers of competitors to age categories and giving advantage to runners close to the minimum age or BW values allowable. Using recent advances in the modeling of distance run performance by BW combined with empirical evidence quantifying the independent effect of age on cardiovascular endurance, we previously published the derivation of the 5K Handicap (5KH), an age …

A Kinematic Analysis Of Sprint Starts With Varied Starting Block Foot Placement Widths, Jesse Lee Rhoades

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effect of relative lateral foot placement in the starting blocks on the sprint start. The sprinting kinematics during the first four steps out of the blocks were examined. Eight females from the a Midwest University Track and Field team performed sprint starts using a pair of modified Fusion I starting blocks. These starting blocks were made in double wide configuration to accommodate a variety of foot placements. Foot placements were determined using relative hip to ankle angle. Experimental hip-ankle angles were± five degrees (Narrow/Wide), and zero degrees (neutral). The sprinters were recorded with four cameras at …

Comparisons Of Static And Dynamic Balance Following Training In Aquatic And Land Environments, Aimee E. Roth, Michael G. Miller, Marc Richard, Donna Ritenour, Brenda L. Chapman

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

Context: It has been theorized that aquatic balance training differs from land balance

training. Objective: To compare the effects of balance training in aquatic and

land environments. Design: Between-groups, repeated-measures design. Setting:

Biomechanics laboratory and pool. Participants: 24 healthy subjects randomly

assigned to aquatic (n = 8), land (n = 10), or control (n = 6) groups. Intervention:

Four weeks of balance training. Main Outcome Measures: Balance was measured

(pre, mid, post, follow-up). COP variables: radial area, y range, x range in single

leg (SL), tandem (T), single leg foam (SLF), and tandem form (TF) stance. Results:

A significant condition …

Dietary Supplements And Sports Performance: Metabolites, Constituents, And Extracts, Melvin H. Williams

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

This is the fifth in a series of six articles to discuss the major classes of dietary supplements ( vitamins; minerals; amino acids; herbs or botanicals; and metabolites/constituents/extracts). The major focus is on efficacy of such dietary supplements to enhance exercise or sports performance.

Parental Involvement In Youth Sports, Kristin Leigh Greene

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of this paper is to understanding the motivating factors pertaining to the involvement of youth in sport and how parents can assist in providing their children optimal sport experiences. The paper will begin by providing a background of youth sport involvement, and include the benefits and drawbacks of youth sport participation. To ensure that young athletes are positively motivated toward sport participation, it is important to understand their reasons for participation, as well as how others, such as parents, impact their motivation toward sport. This paper will address a number of motivational theories. Deci and Ryan's cognitive evaluation …

Inside Unlv, Diane Russell, Shane Bevell, David Ashley, Cate Weeks, Jennifer Lawson

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

Supraspinal Fatigue Does Not Explain The Sex Difference In Muscle Fatigue Of Maximal Contractions, Sandra K. Hunter, Jane E. Butler, Gabrielle Todd, Simon C. Gandevia, Janet L. Taylor

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Young women are less fatigable than young men for maximal and submaximal contractions, but the contribution of supraspinal fatigue to the sex difference is not known. This study used cortical stimulation to compare the magnitude of supraspinal fatigue during sustained isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) performed with the elbow flexor muscles of young men and women. Eight women (25.6 ± 3.6 yr, mean ± SD) and 9 men (25.4 ± 3.8 yr) performed six sustained MVCs (22-s duration each, separated by 10 s). Before the fatiguing contractions, the men were stronger than the women (75.9 ± 9.2 vs. 42.7 ± …

Fitness, Friendship, And Fun: University Sponsored Community Pe Program, Wendi Wilcox Stanley, George M. De Marco, Lloyd L. Laubach, Corinne M. Daprano

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

This paper describes a University-sponsored community physical education program and the feedback received about it from teachers, children, and the college students who oversaw it. The program, called Fitness, Friendship, and Fun, was staffed by 65 first-year student interns from the University of Dayton; four graduate assistants; and two university professors. It began with 65 male and female elementary students, primarily from the fifth and sixth grades at a nearby elementary school.

A Study Of Running Injury Rates In College Age Track Athletes, Scott Emerson

Graduate Theses

Emerson S.E. A Study of Running Injury Rates in College Age Track Athlete’s. 2006. One hundred and twenty college age track athletes filled out a questionnaire on running and injuries. A 4-page questionnaire consisting of 33 questions divided in four sections: personal, activity, presence of a current injury, and injury history. Of the 120 athletes, 43 claimed they were currently injured, while 56 had suffered an injury within the previous 12 months. The most significant factors associated with a current running injury was having a previous injury within the past 12 months (.004) and running mileage (.027). The knee was …

The Effect Of Varying Cadence In Cycle Ergometry On Submaximal Predictions Of Peak Oxygen Uptake, Zachary Callahan

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect that varying cadence had on the ability of a submaximal cycle ergometry test to accurately predict peak oxygen uptake (VO2) using the standard YMCA protocol workloads. There has been limited scholarship investigating the effect that varying cadence has on trained cyclists and almost none on untrained participants. For this study twelve moderately healthy participants (age: 20.75 ± 1.87, body fat: 15.8 ± 4.91 %) who did not use cycling as part of their workout regime performed a peak VO2 cycle test and three randomized submaximal tests. The three submaximal tests …

A 100 Meter Training Walk Using A Speed Trainers™ Device Does Not Strengthen The Hip Flexors In Collegiate Sprinters, Jayme Donald Jasper

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: Many types of resistance training programs have been implemented in order to enhance sprint performance, however, most programs have overlooked the importance of the hip flexor muscles. Objective: To determine if a training protocol using a Speed Trainers ™ device will increase hip flexion strength, and if that increase in strength has an effect on competition sprint times. Design: A 2 X 2 pre-test post-test design with treatment (hip flexor strength training and sham group) and time (pre-training and posttraining) as the independent variables. Setting: The strengthening program took place at the Indiana State University outdoor track. Competition sprint …

The Effect Of Prophylactic Ankle Bracing On Star Excursion Balance Measures In Uninjured Subjects, Lisa Marie Hardy

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: Reports of bracing on whole body bilateral movements and single directional motions are unclear about whether or not the performance of uninjured active people is affected. Objective: To isolate the braced limb, while performing multidirectional tasks, to gain a better understanding of the effects of bracing on performance. Design: A 1 X 3 repeated measures design with the bracing condition (unbraced, lace-up, and semi-rigid) as the independent variable. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Thirtysix uninjured, physically-active, volunteers (M: 18, F: 18, age: 23 .6±2. 7y, ht: 173.8±9.3cm, mass: 74.4±12.7kg, reach leg length: 91.9±5.lcm). Main Outcome Measure(s): The average …

The Effect Of Athletic Training Program Course Progression And Implementation Of Course Progression On First-Time Success Rate On The Board Of Certification Examination, Matthea S. Hungerford

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: For optimal preparation for the Board of Certification (BoC) examination, the environment in which a student learns should be designed to disseminate the appropriate knowledge in a sequenced, timely manner. Objective: To determine if there is a relationship between progression of courses (prevention and care, first evaluation course, rehabilitation, modalities, organization and administration) and their respective timing on first-time pass rate of the written and overall BoC examination. Design: Multiple Pearson correlational analyses. Setting: Web-based survey. Patients or Other Participants: Program directors from 31 Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP) accredited entry-level undergraduate athletic training education …

A Pilot Study To Measure Force Development During A Simulated Maltese Cross For Gymnastics Still Rings, William A. Sands, Michael H. Stone, Jeni R. Mcneal, Sarah L. Smith, Monem Jemni, Jennifer K. Dunlavy, Koichi Mizushima, G. Gregory Haff

ETSU Faculty Works

The purpose of this study was to develop a measurement procedure for the Maltese cross performed on still rings. Sixteen elite/international gymnasts participated. Two small force platforms (FPs) interfaced to a portable data logger (100 Hz sampling rate) were placed under the gymnasts’ hands in a simulated Maltese position (i.e., prone). Gymnasts attempted to rise a few centimeters to a Maltese position while vertical ground reaction forces were recorded bilaterally. Results indicated that the FPs had sufficient fidelity to differentiate gymnasts’ abilities to perform a Maltese. This method may serve to gauge the preparedness of male gymnasts performing this important …

Unlv Magazine, Carol C. Harter, Karen Sharp, Gian Galassi, Tony Allen, Jennifer Lawson, Shane Bevell, Lori Bachand, Regina Vaccari, Pete Codella, Cate Weeks, Erin O'Donnell, Diane Russell, Phil Hagen

UNLV Magazine

No abstract provided.

Active Hyperemia And Vascular Conductance Differ Between Men And Women For An Isometric Fatiguing Contraction, Sandra K. Hunter, Jennie M. Schletty, Kristine M. Schlachter, Erin E. Griffith, Aaron J. Polichnowski, Alexander V. Ng

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

To understand the role of muscle perfusion in the sex differences of muscle fatigue, we compared the time to task failure, postcontraction (active) hyperemia, and vascular conductance for an isometric fatiguing contraction performed by young men and women with the handgrip muscles at 20% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force. In study 1, the men (n = 16) were stronger than the women (n = 18), and study 2, the men (n = 7) and women (n = 7) were matched for strength. Isometric contractions were sustained during two sessions: 1) until the target …

The Effects Of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation On Indirect Indicators Of Muscle Damage And Performance, Beau K. Greer

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine whether branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation attenuates indirect indicators of muscle damage, lowers ratings of perceived exertion, and improves aerobic performance as compared to an isocaloric, carbohydrate (CHO) beverage or a non-caloric placebo beverage. Nine, untrained males (VO2 max 36.26 2.23 ml/kg/min) performed three 90-minute cycling bouts at 55% VO2 max followed by a 15-minute time trial. Metabolic data was collected every 15 minutes during the steady-state ride, and indirect muscle damage markers were assessed pre, post, 4-hours, 24-hours, and 48-hours post-exercise. Pre and post-exercise concentrations of the BCAA and glucose were …

Dietary Supplements And Sports Performance: Herbals, Melvin H. Williams

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

This is the fourth in a series of six articles to discuss the major classes of dietary supplements (vitamins; minerals; amino acids; herbs or botanicals; metabolites, constituents/extracts, or combinations). The major focus is on efficacy of such dietary supplements to enhance exercise or sport performance.

Preliminary Results For A Monocular Marker-Free Gait Measurement System, Jane Courtney, Annraoi Depaor

Articles

This paper presents results from a novel monocular marker-free gait measurement system. The system was designed for physical and occupational therapists to monitor the progress of patients through therapy. It is based on a novel human motion capture method derived from model-based tracking. Testing is performed on two monocular, sagittal-view, sample gait videos – one with both the environment and the subject’s appearance and movement restricted and one in a natural environment with unrestricted clothing and motion. Results of the modelling, tracking and analysis stages are presented along with standard gait graphs and parameters.

Psychological Response To Injury, Recovery, And Social Support: A Survey Of Athletes At An Ncaa Division I University, Courtney A. Klenk

Senior Honors Projects

According to the National Athletic Trainers’ Association, “In the last 10 years, college sports have flourished, with athletes required to train and compete year-round rather than seasonally . . .At the same time, athletes are getting bigger, stronger and more physical – which leads to a greater risk of injury.” Sports injury can be traumatic for many athletes because it is an important component of their self-identity. In addition to the physical pain of an injury, athletes struggle psychologically, however little is known about their emotional response, recovery, and need for social support. The Emotional Response of Athletes to Injury …

The Total And Specific Dimensions Of Self Concept Related To Female Participation In Collegiate Athletics, Dane Bradford Beary

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine if differences existed between female collegiate sport participation and non-participation, as well as female collegiate individual and team sport participation on the total, the specific dimensions of self-concept and supplementary scores as rendered by the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale Second Edition TSCS:2 (Fitts & Warren, 1996). A subject pool of N=190 participants were used. All subjects included in data analysis were female undergraduate students. A multivariate analysis of variance (M ANOVA) was utilized to evaluate effects of sports participation versus non-participation and individual versus team sports participation on self-concept. On sports participation versus …

Our Thirst Mechanism And Anp, Kerry Dinon

Inquiry Journal 2006

No abstract provided.

Disaggregating The Relative Influence Of Genetic, Environmental And Individual Factors On Ldl And Hdl Cholesterols And Bmi For A Sample Of African American (Aa) Mothers And Daughters, C. Jayne Brahler, Jewel Harden, Michelle Mchone, Matthew Soules, Eric Evans, Ann Alyanak, Fred Diakpieng, Paul M. Vanderburgh

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

There are many reports about the associations between blood lipids, body mass index (BMI) and dietary cholesterol intakes both within the individual and between related individuals. The purpose of this descriptive research project was to investigate the relationships between LDL and HDL cholesterols, body mass index and dietary cholesterol intakes for a sample of African American (AA) mothers and their daughters and to attempt to separate the contribution of genetic versus environmental factors. Mother and daughter participants (n =42 and 66, respectively) were 12-14-hours fasted when blood samples were drawn, heights and weights measured, and 24 hour food recalls completed.

Knee Valgus In Self-Initiated Vertical Jump Landings: Developmental And Gender Comparisons, Pamela J. Russell, Erik E. Swartz, Laura C. Decoster, Ron V. Croce

Movement Arts, Health Promotion and Leisure Studies Faculty Publications

The study examined gender and developmental differences in knee valgus angle and external knee valgus moment at the time of maximal vertical ground reaction force (MGRFz) in self-initiated vertical jump (VJ) landings. Fifty-six subjects grouped by age (pre-pubescent (8-11 yrs); post-pubescent (19-29 yrs)) and gender jumped for a ball set at 50% of their maximum VJ height then landed on two feet with only their dominant foot on the force plate. Statistical analyses of motion analysis (3-D) and GRF data showed that children had greater valgus angles (p = .003) and moments (p = .026) at MGRFz compared to adults. …

B-Complex Vitamins' Role In Energy Release, Kathleen M. Laquale

Movement Arts, Health Promotion and Leisure Studies Faculty Publications

This article reports on the B-Complex Vitamin's role in energy release. The author describes the importance of carbohydrates as a source of energy in physical activity, as well as the ways in which vitamins, minerals, and water work together to impact an athletes performance. Included are the definitions of essential chemicals, the importance of the six basic nutrients, and the role of B-complex vitamins in energy metabolism.

Practical Suggestions For Vegetarian Athletes, Kathleen M. Laquale

Movement Arts, Health Promotion and Leisure Studies Faculty Publications

The article recommends health practices and behavior for vegetarian athletes. Vegetarians can be categorized by the types of foods that they consume. Vegetarian diets are more common among adolescents with eating disorders than in the general adolescent population. Athletic trainers should be concerned if symptoms of eating disorders surface in an athlete who states that he or she is a vegetarian.

A Risk Factor Model For Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury, Gerwyn Hughes, J. Watkins

Kinesiology (Formerly Exercise and Sport Science)

The stability of the tibiofemoral joint is maintained by passive (non-contractile) and dynamic (contractile) mechanisms. The passive mechanisms include the shape of the articular surfaces, the menisci, the ligaments and the joint capsule. The dynamic mechanisms consist of the muscle-tendon units that cross the joint, in particular, the quadriceps and hamstrings. The incidence of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is reported to be 6 to 8 times greater in females than males competing in the same activities. A number of intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors have been proposed to account for this gender difference in the incidence of ACL …

The Effects Of Static Stretching On Vertical Jump Performance, Tom Evans

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The vertical jump can play a significant role for many athletes in various competitive sports. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect that passive static stretching has on various athletes from various sports. The athletes were asked to perform a certain amount of jumps with no stretching routine and a set of jumps with a stretching routine. The results calculated for this study did show to have a statistically significant difference between jumping with stretching and jumping without stretching.

Men's Basketball Media Guide 2006-2007, Indiana State University

Intercollegiate Athletics

No abstract provided.