Dental Materials Commons^™

Chemical Dental Plaque Control: Chlorhexidine Tooth Staining And Efficacy Of Common Whitening Procedures, Zoe Kiklis

Scripps Senior Theses

Chlorhexidine mouth rinses remove dental plaque from teeth, preventing dental caries, dental decay, and more serious systemic infections. Tooth discoloration due to extrinsic staining is the most prominent side effect of regular chlorhexidine use. Decreasing the concentration of chlorhexidine reduces staining area and severity. Staining can also be prevented and treated by tooth bleaching, a common cosmetic dental procedure that diminishes extrinsic staining by oxidizing chromagens adsorbed onto the tooth surface. In the proposed trial, common bleaching agents will be investigated for their efficacies in preventing chlorhexidine staining. Results of the trial could further the development of a chlorhexidine mouth …

Accuracy And Precision Of Die Spacer Thickness With Combined Computer-Aided Design And 3-D Printing Technology, Lisa Hoang

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of die-spacer thickness achieved by the combination of computer aided design and 3-dimension printing technology.

Materials and Methods: An ivorine maxillary central incisor was prepared for an all ceramic crown. The prepared tooth was duplicated by using poly (vinyl siloxane) duplicating silicone and 80 die-stone models were produced using type IV dental stone. Dies were randomly divided into 5 groups with assigned die spacer thickness of (25 μm, 45 μm, 65 μm, 85 μm, 105 μm) (n=16/group). The printed resin copings, obtained from 3D Systems ProJet DP …

Influence Of Taper On The Flexibility Of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Files, Christopher J. Kingma

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Modern nickel-titanium instruments have various tapers and have been marketed to have superior flexibility from previous generations. Current ISO standards require force measurements at a static point along the file. Unfortunately, root canal anatomy varies and produces multiple forces along the length of the file. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of taper on the flexibility of various nickel-titanium files.

Materials and Methods: The flexibility of stainless steel hand files and nickel-titanium rotary files of various tapers was measured. The sample size was 10 for each type, taper and size. The files were measured at …

A Comparison Of Two Methods To Articulate A Maxillary Cast With Lateral Cephalometry, Laura H. Lux

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The Kois Dento-Facial Analyzer, an arbitrary articulation system, is used by clinicians to articulate and evaluate clinical cases. There is, however, limited information for understanding how the Kois Dento-Facial Analyzer should be utilized. Dr. Kois and Dr. Lee originally patented the device in 2003 yet there is essentially no evidence-based research in the literature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of articulating the maxillary cast using the Kois Dento-Facial Analyzer in three-dimensions as compared to the position of the cast when using Panadent’s Pana-Mount Facebow. Fifteen dried human skulls were used as test subjects. Maxillary diagnostic …

Evaluation Of Effect Of 17% Edta And 5.25% Sodium Hypochloride Irrigating Solutions On Surface Hardness Of Brasseler Endosequence Root Repair Material, Himanshu Sharma

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Root Perforation is an artificial communication between the root canal system and supporting tissue. Various endodontic researchers have published that sealing the perforation immediately has the best prognosis but this predisposes the repair material to come in contact with various root canal irrigants during the course of treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 17% EDTA and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite irrigating solutions on surface hardness of Endosequence Root Repair Material Putty (ERRM).

Method: ERRM, 5.25% Sodium Hypochlorite, 17% EDTA and Deionized water were used. 42 samples were prepared and divided into 2 groups. Each …

Flexibility Of Various Nickel-Titanium Rotary Endodontic Files, Chelsea Selin

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Nickel-titanium rotary files were originally developed to allow for greater flexibility when instrumenting root canals. The increased flexibility of nickel-titanium instruments allowed operators to negotiate canal curvatures with greater ease. File design is continually changing. Manufacturers are trying to produce files that will work more efficiently and safely. Knowing the properties of files marketed is especially important in helping to choose an appropriate file system. Current ISO standards require force measurements at a static point along the file. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flexibility of four different nickel-titanium files at three different points along the …

National Children's Dental Health Month Activity Book (2014), American Dental Association Foundation

National Children's Dental Health Month

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Cad/Cam Processing On Esthetic Characteristics Of Porcelain Veneers, Eduardo Cortes-Contreras

Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: Dentistry has changed significantly during the last two decades. Patients are more aware and demanding of the latest technologies available in restorative dentistry. The purpose of this study was to determine any possible changes on the surface roughness, gloss and color change of CAD-CAM milled porcelain veneers following repeated milling times, before and after a glazing process. Methods: A Teflon disk-shaped mold was used as a cast to take a digital impression (BlueCam) in order to fabricate cylindrical-shaped specimens. A total of one hundred (N=100) specimens porcelain veneers using Empress CAD (I10) block, were milled using the CAD/CAM CEREC-SIRONA …

Libro De Actividades Por El Mes Nacional De La Salud Dental Infantil [Spanish Language Version: National Children's Dental Health Month Activity Book] (2014), American Dental Association Foundation

National Children's Dental Health Month

No abstract provided.

In Vitro Comparison Of Force Decay Between Three Orthodontic Sliding Retraction Methods, Pamela Steiger

Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine if there is a difference in force decay between three sliding retraction methods under a standardized force delivery system (200 gm at 25 mm stretch) at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Background: In order to achieve proper esthetics, occlusion and stability, orthodontic treatment may require extractions. Elastomeric chains, Nickel Titanium (NiTi) coils, and active ligatures are commonly used to close these extraction spaces. Methods: Twenty samples of each retraction method (elastomeric chains, NiTi Coils and active ligatures) were evaluated under standardized conditions (200 gm at 25 mm). The …

Influence Of Immediate Dentin Sealing On The Bond Strength Of Indirect Bonded Restorations, Alexander Duque

Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: A critical issue and concern that has been documented in dentistry is the complexity of bonding to dentin, a fact that has been referred to as a less reliable technique due to the intrinsic characteristics of the dentin substrate. Effectiveness on dentin bonding is a clinical important approach for indirect bonded restorations in order to achieve a good adhesion that can surpass the test of time. Long-term clinical trials have shown that indirect bonded restorations have an increased risk of failure when using dentin as the major substrate. Consequently, an effort should be made to improve techniques and materials …

Bioerodible Calcium Sulfate Bone Grafting Substitutes With Tailored Drug Delivery Capabilities, Bryan R. Orellana

Theses and Dissertations--Biomedical Engineering

Bone regeneration or augmentation is often required prior to or concomitant with implant placement. With the limitations of many existing technologies, a biologically compatible synthetic bone grafting substitute that is osteogenic, bioerodible, and provides spacing-making functionality while acting as a drug delivery vehicle for bioactive molecules could provide an alternative to ‘gold standard’ techniques.

In the first part of this work, calcium sulfate (CS) space-making synthetic bone grafts with uniformly embedded poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) biodegradable hydrogel particles was developed to allow controlled release of bioactive agents. The embedded gel particles’ influence on the physical and chemical characteristics of CS was …

Comparing Velscope Vx And Traditional Oral Exams In Shisha (Hookah) Smokers: A Pilot Study, Amanda E. Kimball

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to compare oral findings using two exam types, the VELscope Vx® screening device versus a modified oral examination in detecting oral potentially malignant lesions in shisha smokers.

Methods: Thirty-one participants who reported currently smoking shisha and tobacco were recruited. Participants were identified for smoking habits to include two groups, to include those who reported smoking shisha exclusively and those who reported smoking shisha and tobacco. Each group received both exam types; examiners used a standardized protocol. A health history questionnaire was also collected to assess participant's oral cancer risk factors such as age, race, …

Protaper Rotary Instrument Fracture During Root Canal Preparation: A Comparison Between Rotary And Hybrid Techniques, Huma Farid, Farhan Raza Khan, Munawar Rahman

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

AIMS:

This study aimed to compare the frequency of ProTaper rotary instrument fracture with rotary (conventional) and hybrid (rotary and hand files) canal preparation techniques. Secondary objectives were to determine whether there was an association of ProTaper file fracture with the canal curvature and to compare the mean time required for canal preparation in the two techniques.

METHODS:

An in vitro experiment was conducted on 216 buccal canals of extracted maxillary and mandibular first molars. After creating an access cavity and a glide path for each canal, a periapical radiograph was taken and the canal curvature was measured with Schneider's …

Libro De Actividades Por El Mes Nacional De La Salud Dental Infantil [Spanish Language Version: National Children's Dental Health Month Activity Book] (2013), American Dental Association Foundation

National Children's Dental Health Month

No abstract provided.

National Children's Dental Health Month Poster "Get A Gold Medal Smile" - With Photos (2013), American Dental Association Foundation

National Children's Dental Health Month

No abstract provided.

National Children's Dental Health Month Poster "Get A Gold Medal Smile" - Text Only (2013), American Dental Association Foundation

National Children's Dental Health Month

No abstract provided.

National Children's Dental Health Month Activity Book (2013), American Dental Association Foundation

National Children's Dental Health Month

No abstract provided.

Micromechanical Analysis Of Nanoparticle-Reinforced Dental Composites, Yi Hua, Linxia Gu, Hidehiko Watanabe

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

The mechanical behavior of TiO₂ nanoparticle-reinforced resin-based dental composites was characterized in this work using a three-dimensional nanoscale representative volume element. The impacts of nanoparticle volume fraction, aspect ratio, stiffness, and interphase zone between the resin matrix and nanoparticle on the bulk properties of the composite were characterized. Results clearly demonstrated the mechanical advantage of nanocomposites in comparison to microfiber-reinforced composites. The bulk response of the nanocomposite could be further enhanced with the increased nanoparticle volume fraction, or aspect ratio, while the influence of nanoparticle stiffness was minimal. The effective Young’s modulus and yield strength of the composite was …

Characterising The Deformation Behaviour Of Human Tooth Enamel At The Microscale, Simona O'Brien

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Enamel plays an important role in tooth function. Optimal combinations of composition and structure endow enamel with unique mechanical properties that remain largely unexplored. Specifically, more detailed understanding of the loadbearing ability of enamel is needed to mimic it synthetically and to design next generation biocomposite materials. This research investigates the variables that influence deformation behaviour of tooth enamel in relation to its hierarchical structure. Initially, a new method was developed for preparing flat, finely polished tooth samples that were maintained in their normal hydrated state for nanoindentation testing. In contrast to conventional methods, which commonly utilise either inappropriate or …

An Analysis Of Adhesion Promoters On Shear Bond Strength Of Orthodontic Brackets To Teeth, Loren Andrew Cadelinia

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of two adhesion promoters, EnhancetmLC and AssureRUniversal Bonding Resin, and their effects with two different adhesion systems (Light Bondtmand TransbondtmXT). To better understand their behavior upon failure, the amount of adhesive remnant remaining on the tooth surface was also observed.

Methods:One-hundred forty human premolars, which were extracted for reasons other than this study, were utilized and divided into seven groups of 20 teeth each. Groups A1 and B1 were bonded without adhesion promoters and with two different adhesive systems - Light Bondtmand TransbondtmXT. Groups A2 and B2 were …

Frictional Forces Of A Fixed, Esthetic Orthodontic Appliance System, Brady Michael Nance

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose: The demands of an all esthetic fixed orthodontic appliance system are ever increasing in today's world. Frictional values of an esthetic, fixed orthodontic appliance system are needed to evaluate their clinical effectiveness for orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the frictional values of various esthetic orthodontic archwires ligated to an esthetic orthodontic bracket.

Methods: Three types of stainless steel and nickel titanium alloy (niti) esthetic orthodontic archwires (epoxy, poly, plastic) in four sizes (.016, .018, .017 x .025, .019 x .025 inches) were ligated to both a stainless steel bracket system and a ceramic (esthetic) …

Effect Of Gingival Margin Design On Retention Of Thermoformed Orthodontic Aligners, Daniel P. Cowley

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose: The aim of this study was evaluate the effect of gingival margin design (scalloped vs. straight cut at gingival zenith vs. straight cut 2mm above gingival zenith) on the retention of thermoformed aligners. Retention of aligners is a critical requirement for efficient tooth movement.

Methods: Two thermoform aligner materials were used, Invisacryl A and Invisacryl C, in 0.040 mil (1mm) thickness. Six aligner designs were fabricated for each of the two aligner materials (12 total aligner designs). Aligner designs are scalloped, straight cut at gingival zenith (0mm), and straight cut 2mm above gingival zenith on a model with attachments. …

Virtual Three-Dimensional Analysis Of Dimensional Accuracy Of Dental Master Die Models Created By The Iterotm Electronic Impression Device And Those Made From A Polyvinyl Siloxane Impression Material, Polina P. Shcherbatov

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Shining A New Light On Selective Polishing, Caren M. Barnes

College of Dentistry: Faculty Publications

The era of selective polishing is over. Polishing is an integral procedure provided by dental hygienists. Patients look forward to the resultant smooth, clean feeling, and dental hygienists must ensure that all patients are polished according to their individual needs—ensuring the safety of their teeth and restorations.

National Children's Dental Health Month Activity Book (2012), American Dental Association Foundation

National Children's Dental Health Month

No abstract provided.

Libro De Actividades Por El Mes Nacional De La Salud Dental Infantil [Spanish Language Version: National Children's Dental Health Month Activity Book] (2012), American Dental Association Foundation

National Children's Dental Health Month

No abstract provided.

Magnification Loupes In U.S. Entry-Level Dental Hygiene Programs - Occupational Health And Safety, Leslie Mchaney Congdon, Susan Lynn Tolle, Michele Darby

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine policies and practices regarding magnification loupes among faculty and students in accredited dental hygiene programs as measured by a 31 item, self-designed questionnaire. In addition, the study compared policies among dental hygiene programs in 2 year versus 4 year programs in terms of requirements for the use of magnification loupes.

Methods: After institutional review board approval, a 31 item self-designed questionnaire was emailed via Survey Monkey to 303 entry-level dental hygiene programs. An overall response rate of 75% was obtained. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test of independence. …

Bacterial Adherence Of Streptococcus Mutans And Lactobacillus Acidophilus On Poly-Methyl Methacrylate And Thermoplastic Polypropene Used In Orthodontic Retention, Lindsay Ann Pfepper

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Retention is required in the majority of orthodontic patients throughout the remainder of their life. The two primary removable appliances are known as the traditional Hawley retainer or the vacuum formed retainer. These appliances were developed to maintain the position of the dentition without sacrificing oral health. The orthodontic population is at a higher risk for caries due to plaque accumulation from poor diet, suboptimal oral hygiene and often lack of motivation. These two retainers occupy different niches and are comprised of different materials; therefore the retainers' effect on oral health could be very different. An understanding of which bacteria …

Effect Of Toothbrush Abrasion On Frictional Resistance Of Aesthetic Orthodontic Archwires, Stephen Alexander Yamodis

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Fixed orthodontic appliances (braces) are one of the most widely used appliances to correct malocclusion, however many patients prefer less metal display. To meet this demand more esthetically pleasing brackets and archwires have been developed. These esthetic components are often clear, white or tooth colored. Coatings of various types are commonly used to produce an esthetic archwire. However, these coating materials tend to wear and degrade, which may cause binding and increased resistance to friction, thereby potentially reducing the efficiency of tooth movement. Therefore, in vitro testing of tooth brush abrasion on frictional resistance of various aesthetic archwires was tested. …