Speech and Hearing Science Commons^™

The Success Of An Aided Language Stimulation Training Video For Communication Partners Working With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Hannah Peterson

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Aided language stimulation (ALS) is an effective intervention method for nonverbal children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) learning to use an augmentative-alternative communication system to communicate with others. Communication partners can use ALS to stimulate the use of the augmentative alternative communication (AAC) system. The purpose of this paper is to develop a research study that will be completed in the future to determine the success of an ALS training video. The intended participants of the study include 30 special education teachers who work with children with ASD who use Proloquo2go formatted AAC systems. The participants of the study will …

Assessment Protocol For Cognitive And Auditory Processing Skills For Clients Receiving Neurofeedback Treatment For Traumatic Brain Injury & Concussion: Literature Review, Elexea N. Aurilio, Miranda Hendrus

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Neurofeedback has become increasingly popular in the medical world and will hopefully become more commonly used in the fields of speech-language pathology and audiology. Currently, there is a lack of a singular, baseline and progression diagnostic tool to measure a client’s cognitive and auditory processing skills once they are referred for neurofeedback treatment.

Executive Control Mechanisms In Bilingualism: Beyond Speed Of Processing, Klara Marton, Mira Goral, Luca Campanelli, Jungmee Yoon, Loraine K. Obler

Publications and Research

The question of interest in this study was whether bilingual individuals show superior executive control compared to monolingual participants. Findings are mixed, with studies showing advantage, disadvantage, or no difference between bilingual and monolingual speakers. In this study, we used different experimental conditions to examine implicit learning, resistance to interference, monitoring, and switching, independently. In addition, we matched our monolingual and bilingual participants on baseline response time. Bilingual participants demonstrated faster implicit learning, greater resistance to interference, more efficient switching compared to monolingual participants. The groups did not differ in monitoring. In conclusion, depending on task complexity and on the …

Middle School And High School Students Who Stutter: A Qualitative Investigation Of School Experiences, Tiffany Cobb

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

MIDDLE SCHOOL AND HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WHO STUTTER: A QUALITATIVE INVESTIGATION OF SCHOOL EXPERIENCES

by

TIFFANY COBB

MAY 2017

Advisor: Dr. Derek Daniels

Major: Speech-Language Pathology

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and further understand the ways in which middle school and high school students perceive their school experiences within the school environment.

School has an important impact on the social development of children (Milsom, 2006). Learning is not done individually as classrooms are inherently social places. This suggests that students do not learn alone, but rather in the presence of many …

Challenges To Augmentative And Alternative Communication Interventions With Autism Spectrum Disorder Students, Kristy Jane Singer-Macnair

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have challenges with communication, social interactions, and behavior, which can limit their functioning in school settings. They need to have functional communication skills to access the curriculum and have their needs met across all social environments. Special education teachers often experience barriers to successful implementation of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) interventions appropriate for these students. The purpose of this case study was to understand how special education teachers experience AAC intervention processes, and illuminate the conditions for effective AAC implementation. A qualitative case study was conducted using interviews from 6 credentialed special education …

The Effect Of Frequency Resolution On Intelligibility Sentence And Its Relevance To Cochlear Implant Design, Seth H. Roy

School of Computing: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The purpose of this study is to understand how electrical stimulation (as opposed to acoustical stimulation) of the auditory nerve is used in cochlear implants. Speech is a complex signal that changes rapidly in time and frequency domains. Since phonemes (the smallest unit of speech that distinguishes words) depend on nuanced differences in frequency patterns, it would be expected that a signal with drastically reduced frequency information would be of limited value for conveying speech. Such a frequency-poor signal is the object to be investigated in the present work. It is also the basis of the way speech is represented …

An International Comparison Of Intervention Practices For Children With Speech Sound Disorder, Eleanor Sugden, Elise Baker, Natalie Munro, A. Lynn Williams, Carol Trivette

ETSU Faculty Works

Two-hundred and seven speech-language pathologists (SLPs) from the US and 335 SLPs from Australia were surveyed about the intervention, service delivery models and intensity of intervention that they provide to children with speech sound disorder. Differences in practices, and implications for evidence-based practice and clinical outcomes, are discussed.

Identification Of Speech-Language Disorders In Toddlers, A. Lynn Williams, Carol Stoel-Gammon

ETSU Faculty Works

This session is developed by, and presenters invited by, Speech Sound Disorders in Children and Language in Infants Toddlers and Preschoolers. This invited session provides an overview of early speech/language development with a focus on identifying delay/disorders in toddlers. Types of speech/language behaviors in prelinguistic/ early linguistic development that serve as “red flags” for possible disorders will be discussed. The need for developmentally appropriate assessments will be highlighted.

Enhancing Phd Preparation Through Shared Ideas Across Csd Program, Elizabeth Crais, Ruth Bentler, Lynne Hewitt, Jennifer Lister, Jennifer Simpson, Ronald Gillam, Barbara Cone, A. Lynn Williams, Glen Tellis

ETSU Faculty Works

Shortages of PhD graduates to fill CSD faculty positions have been a concern for over 15 years. The ASHA AAB (collaborating with CAPCSD) completed interviews of Coordinators of almost all 76 CSD PhD Programs. Results and successful aspects of the programs will be highlighted to stimulate discussion among participants.

Maximize How You Supervise: Report Of The 2016 Asha Ad Hoc Committee On Supervision Training, Vicki Mccready, Kevin Mcnamara, Nancy Nelson, Samantha Procaccini, Stephanie Adamovich, Karleung Cheung, Carol Dudding, Natalie Lenzen, Loretta Nunez, A. Lynn Williams

ETSU Faculty Works

The success of existing and future audiologists and speech-language pathologists is dependent on skilled supervision. This session presents the findings of the ASHA Ad Hoc Committee on Supervision Training, including resources to enhance supervisor/preceptor skills and strategies for growing a culture of expectation for such training.

Prevalence And Trends Of Childhood Hearing Loss Based On Federally-Funded National Surveys: 1994–2013, Tyson S. Barrett, Karl R. White

Journal of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

A recent highly cited publication, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), concluded that the prevalence of childhood hearing loss in the United States is increasing (Shargorodsky, Curan, Curhan, & Eavey, 2010). This article examines the accuracy of that conclusion based on additional data from three nationally-representative surveys of childhood health. Using data from NHANES, the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH), and the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), logistic regression was used to assess trends from audiometry-measured and parent-reported childhood hearing loss.

In contrast to prior research, the results were highly conflicting. NHANES suggested both …

A Comprehensive Review Of The 2016 Asha Code Of Ethics, Robin L. Edge Ph.D., Ccc-Slp, Bess Sirmon-Taylor Ph.D., Ccc-Slp, Raul F. Prezas Ph.D., Ccc-Slp

Journal of Human Services: Training, Research, and Practice

The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) initially implemented a Code of Ethics in 1952, and has periodically revisited the content of the document with revisions to reflect the expanding scope of practice within speech-language pathology and audiology and to clarify certain concepts. Code revision is a cyclical mandated task of the ASHA Board of Ethics conducted to assure accuracy, currency, and completeness of this most important document (Solomon-Rice & O’Rourke, 2016). The current version of the Code of Ethics (2016) was modified from the previous version (2010r), with an updated preamble, definitions of related vocabulary, and re-organized language in the principles. …

The Clinical Relevance Of Smartphone Applications In Medicine And Audiology, Elizabeth Fetscher

Communication Sciences and Disorders: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

The Neural Mechanisms Of Tinnitus And Tinnitus Distress, Alexandra Watts

Communication Sciences and Disorders: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Ua61/3 Research Focus (Fall 2016), Jean Neils-Strunjas, Susan Megahee, Editor, Creative, Christie Jewell, Student Editor, Wku Communication Sciences & Disorders

Communication Sciences & Disorders Publications

Contents":

Little Topper Time Program

Bingocize® Overview.

Students Present at National ASHA Convention

Meet Dr. Brain Weiler, New CSD Assistant Professor

Dissertation/Research

Publications/Presentations

Student/Alumni Spotlights

A New Articulation Test Applied To A Selected Group Of Children Living In The State Of New Mexico, Robert Edwin Burkhalter

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

Bilingualism is much more prevalent in the United States than is commonly believed. Goodykoontz points out that "one child in every five, aged fourteen years or under, is of foreign born or mixed parentage." Since our country is still a melting pot of the world where large numbers of citizens converse in other tongues and where many children still enter our schools without speaking a word of English, the problem of bilingualism and foreign dialect will frequently be encountered by the school teacher.

Perception And Production Of /V/ And /W/ In Hindi Speakers, Vikas Grover

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation examines the ability of Hindi speakers to identify, discriminate and produce two English phonemes /v/ and /w/ which are difficult for Hindi speakers to distinguish. In Hindi, /v/ and /w/ are used interchangeably. This pattern of use has transferred to Indian English, resulting in English /v/ and /w/ words showing variable pronunciations (e.g., “whale” or “vale” for the word “whale”). Hindi speakers were asked to identify, discriminate and produce tokens of /v/ and /w/. This study also examined whether experience with American English, related to the length of residence (LOR) in the US affects Hindi listeners’ perception and …

Outcomes Of Speech And Language Pilot Program For International Students, Kelly Fussman

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Universities in the United States host a substantial number of international students every academic year. As of the 2015-2016 academic year, Western Kentucky University, located in south-central Kentucky, alone hosts over 1,400 international students. These students often face a number of challenges upon arrival in the United States, especially when it comes to language and cultural differences. A considerable body of research indicates that international students’ educational performance and outcomes are significantly impacted by their cultural identities, psychological and sociocultural experiences, and attitudes in relation to English-speaking societies. Many international students attribute academic and social difficulties to a lack of …

Semantic Knowledge Use In Discourse Produced By Individuals With Anomic Aphasia, Stephen Kintz, Heather Harris Wright, Gerasimos Fergadiotis

Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background---Researchers have demonstrated that people with aphasia (PWA) have preserved semantic knowledge (Dell et al., 1997; Jefferies & Lambon Ralph, 2006). However, Antonucci (2014) demonstrated that some PWA have impaired access to certain types of knowledge more than others. Yet, all these studies used single concepts. It has not been demonstrated whether PWA have difficulty accessing certain types of features within a discourse sample.

Aims—The main goals of this study were to determine if semantic knowledge and two category types were used differently within discourse produced by participants with anomic aphasia and healthy controls.

Method & Procedures—Participants …

A History Of The Audiology Program At The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln: 1920 To 2015, T. Newell Decker

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Programs for the hearing impaired have been in existence at the University of Nebraska for many years. However, there is no comprehensive history of these efforts. This work is an attempt to provide a complete picture of these programs and to detail the history and growth of the Audiology Program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. When the author came to the University in 1977 audiology was already well established at the University as well as in the State. After joining the faculty, the author served in the capacity of Coordinator of the Audiology and Hearing Science Program from 1977 until …

Opening And Closing Jaw Movements Of Young Children Who Stutter., Victoria Tumanova, Anthony P. Buhr, Patricia Zevrowski, Jerald Moon, Richard Arenas, Torrey Loucks

Communication Sciences and Disorders - All Scholarship

Objective: In this longitudinal study, we investigated the hypothesis that kinematic measures of jaw movement produced by children who stuttered (CWS) and children who did not stutter (CWNS) would differ between opening and closing speech gestures, across phonetic contexts, and across development.

Methods: Mean amplitude, velocity, and duration of jaw opening and closing gestures during repeated productions of bilabial syllables were analyzed longitudinally at 1-year intervals for 13 CWS and 7 children CWNS. The utterances ranged across four phonetic contexts: single-syllable, two-syllable, three-syllable, and six-syllable. For jaw movement transduction, a strain gauge was attached to a football helmet in a …

Analyzing Spelling Errors By Linguistic Features Among Children With Learning Disabilities, Christine Johnson

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In order to spell fluently and accurately, phonology, orthography, and morphology must be integrated and stored into long term memory (Berninger & Richards, in press; Berninger, Nagy, Tanimoto, Thompson, Abbott, 2015). Children with dysgraphia, dyslexia, and OWL-LD have specific deficits in linguistic processing that impede the cross-mapping of these linguistic elements. This study analyzes the frequency and nature of spelling errors produced by children with dysgraphia, dyslexia, and OWL-LD during an academic writing task in order to determine if known deficits in linguistic processing affect the type and severity of spelling errors made by these children.

The present study analyzed …

Analysis Of Patterns In Handwritten Spelling Errors Among Students With Various Specific Learning Disabilities, Laura Ann Winkler

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Students diagnosed with specific learning disabilities struggle with spelling accuracy, but they do so for different reasons. For instance, students with dysgraphia, dyslexia, and oral-written language learning disability (OWL-LD) have distinct areas of weakness in cognitive processing and unique difficulties with the linguistic features necessary for accurate spelling (Silliman & Berninger, 2011). This project considered the spelling errors made by such students to determine if their unique learning profiles lead to distinct misspelling patterns.

Academic summaries handwritten by 33 students diagnosed with dysgraphia (n=13), dyslexia (n=15), and OWL-LD (n=5) were analyzed for type/complexity and …

Effects Of A Novel Right Brain Intervention On Stuttering In Familiar And Structured Speech Tasks, Josalyn Elizabeth Perry

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Over 3 million Americans are disfluent due to developmental stuttering. Current evidence-based treatments typically consist of a rigorous schedule of intensive therapy, followed by the need for maintenance of skills, placing high demands on self-monitoring of one’s speech at all times. Relapse after treatment is very common, at 84%. The demand for further research into treatment possibilities for stuttering is on the forefront. Previous research has connected neural activations in people who stutter (PWS) and people with chronic nonfluent aphasia. The aim of this study was to determine if a novel intervention, based on a treatment for anomia, would change …

Tongue Twisters Quantified: Ultrasound Analysis Of Speech Stability And Speech Errors, Karen Reddick

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates errors on speech sounds (or phonemes) produced in laboratory speech stimuli designed to generate phonological onset errors. The present study adds to the literature on phonological speech errors with an instrumental analysis of tongue posture during speech error production and an investigation of the nature of speech errors as unintended variation in articulation.

This study utilized ultrasound instrumentation to visualize speech errors made on velar and alveolar stop consonants at the point of stop closure. Two types of errors were of interest, categorical errors and gradient errors. Categorical errors are those that are heard by the listener …

Interspeech Posture In Spanish-English Bilingual Adults, Merrily Rose Shary

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Interspeech posture (ISP) is a term used to define the position of a person’s articulators when they are preparing to speak. Research suggests that ISP may be representative of a speaker’s phonological knowledge in a particular language, as determined empirically with ultrasound measures of the tongue in English-French bilinguals (Wilson & Gick, 2014). It is possible, therefore, that measuring ISP could be a diagnostic tool for determining phonological knowledge in bilingual speakers. However, more information on ISP in typical adult bilingual speakers is needed before diagnostic claims can be made. For example, ISP is believed to be language specific, and …

Effects Of A Novel Right Brain Intervention On Stuttering Frequency In Unfamiliar Speech Tasks, Chelsea Beatrice Stewart

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Developmental stuttering persists in approximately 1% of the United States population. Stuttering has been shown to impact overall quality of life. The present study examines the effects of a Novel Right Brain Intervention on two female participants with persistent developmental stuttering. The aim of the study was to determine whether encouraging greater activation of the right hemisphere, specifically the pre-SMA, via complex left-handed movements, prior to speech production, would lead to a reduced stuttering frequency and severity in people who stutter (PWS). It was hypothesized that each participant would reduce stuttering symptoms and behaviors following the intervention due to the …

Language-Mixing In Discourse In Bilingual Individuals With Non-Fluent Aphasia, Avanthi Paplikar

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Language-mixing (LM) as defined by Chengappa (2009, p. 417) is an “intra-sentential phenomenon referred to as the mixing of various linguistic units (morphemes, words, modifiers, phrases, etc.), primarily from two participating grammatical systems”. LM is influenced by grammatical, environmental, and social constraints (e.g., Milroy & Wei, 1995; Bhat & Chengappa, 2005). Researchers have suggested that LM in patients with aphasia is a communicative strategy used to achieve successful exchanges between speakers; the effectiveness of this mixing, however, had yet to be demonstrated quantitatively.

In the current study we investigated whether LM is present in bilingual speakers with aphasia, and if …

Annexin A5 Is The Most Abundant Membrane-Associated Protein In Stereocilia But Is Dispensable For Hair-Bundle Development And Function, Jocelyn F. Krey, Meghan Drummond, Sarah Foster, Edward Porsov, Sarath Vijayakumar, Dongseok Choi, Karen Friderici, Sherri M. Jones, Alfred L. Nuttall, Peter G. Barr-Gillespie

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

The phospholipid- and Ca²⁺-binding protein annexin A5 (ANXA5) is the most abundant membrane-associated protein of ~P23 mouse vestibular hair bundles, the inner ear’s sensory organelle. Using quantitative mass spectrometry, we estimated that ANXA5 accounts for ~15,000 copies per stereocilium, or ~2% of the total protein there. Although seven other annexin genes are expressed in mouse utricles, mass spectrometry showed that none were present at levels near ANXA5 in bundles and none were upregulated in stereocilia of Anxa5^−/− mice. Annexins have been proposed to mediate Ca²⁺-dependent repair of membrane lesions, which could be part of the …

Cultural Competence And Ethical Decision Making For Health Care Professionals, Brenda Louw

ETSU Faculty Works

Cultural competence and ethical decision making are two separate, yet intrinsically related concepts which are central to services rendered by all health care professionals. Cultural competence is based on ethical principles and informs ethical decision making. In spite of this important connection, the interrelationship of these two concepts does not receive the attention it deserves in the literature. This issue is addressed by appraising the training and assessment of cultural competence and ethical decision making in the health care professions. The integrated relationship of these two concepts is illustrated within the broader contexts of higher education, research and clinical practice. …