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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Speech and Hearing Science
Structural Characterization Of The C-Terminus Of The Cochlear Motor Protein Prestin: Intrinsic Disorder Linked To Voltage Sensor Function, Michael S. Podgorski
Structural Characterization Of The C-Terminus Of The Cochlear Motor Protein Prestin: Intrinsic Disorder Linked To Voltage Sensor Function, Michael S. Podgorski
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
The sensitivity of mammalian hearing relies upon the ability to amplify sound. Outer hair cells (OHCs) in the cochlea have motile properties that support this function. The motor protein called prestin resides in the lateral wall of the OHCs. Prestin undergoes voltage-dependent conformational changes, which correlates to the movement of charge through the membrane or non-linear capacitance (NLC). This property underlies OHC electromotility. A mechanistic understanding of prestin’s function remains unknown. Previous research has tied prestin’s C-terminus (residues 499-799) to the voltage-dependent events that occur in the membrane. The folding and biochemical properties of prestin’s C-terminus were characterized. This information …
A Toddler's Development: Analyzing "One Who Walks Unsteadily", Valerie Sharie Davis
A Toddler's Development: Analyzing "One Who Walks Unsteadily", Valerie Sharie Davis
XULAneXUS
On April 19, 2009, for exactly two hours, I observed a twenty-four month old toddler at her home, with parents' consent, to fulfill an assignment for a Normal Language Development course. The assignment was to observe a child ranging between the infancy stages to three years old. After observing the child, students were instructed to complete a language analysis sample on every word or phrase that the child produced. This sample was conducted by writing down what the child said and comparing it to what linguistic and motor development researchers expected from a child at the approximate age level observed. …
Teaching A School-Based Aac Team To Support The Communication Skills Of A Student Who Requires Aac, Amy Thatcher
Teaching A School-Based Aac Team To Support The Communication Skills Of A Student Who Requires Aac, Amy Thatcher
Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs
Many children of all ages are in need of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Adult communication partners in the school setting typically interact differently with children who use AAC than they do with others. In prior studies, an eight-step instructional program designed to teach adult communication partners to facilitate the communication skills of students who use AAC has been used within an individual instructional format. The eight-step instructional model used to teach these adults has been shown to be effective; however, research is required to establish the efficacy of this program when providing instruction to adult communication partners within group …
Production Of Korean Case Particles In An English-Korean Bilingual Child With Specific Language Impairment: A Preliminary Study, Soyoung Lee, Brenda K. Gorman
Production Of Korean Case Particles In An English-Korean Bilingual Child With Specific Language Impairment: A Preliminary Study, Soyoung Lee, Brenda K. Gorman
Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications
The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of Korean case particles in a Korean-English bilingual child with specific language impairment (SLI). The child's production of four types of Korean case particles were compared to those of three typically developing children during probe and storytelling tasks. The Korean-English bilingual child with SLI produced the vocative and the nominative for person case particles similar to children matched on age and mean length of utterance (MLU). He produced the nominative for object and accusative case particles similar to the MLU-matched child but exhibited lower performance than that of his age-matched …
The Effect Of Early Cochlear Implantation On Oral Language: A Review Of The Literature, Nicole Supplee
The Effect Of Early Cochlear Implantation On Oral Language: A Review Of The Literature, Nicole Supplee
Honors Theses
Current research suggests that implantation of cochlear implants before 2 years of age significantly impacts oral language development, specifically in increased rate of oral language development. In addition, children who have been implanted early (between 12 months and two years) have been shown to obtain age-appropriate language skills, whereas children who have been implanted later (after 2 years of age), or not implanted at all, do not. Because of the documented benefits of early implantation, researchers have recently pushed to lower the current minimum age of implantation to below 12 months of age. Although research suggests improvements in language development …
Degree Of Vocal Handicap In Two Age Groups Of Individuals, Whitney N. Casey-Heatherman
Degree Of Vocal Handicap In Two Age Groups Of Individuals, Whitney N. Casey-Heatherman
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
A healthy, functional voice is a critical aspect of daily life, allowing the expression of basic needs as well as interaction within an individual’s community. Unfortunately, for many adults the voice declines in later life. The purpose of this study was to investigate how normal vocal aging affects the quality of life of the elderly. Two hundred two adults without voice disorders from two age groups (30-50 and 65-85) completed the Voice Handicap Index. Results indicated that the older group felt a greater degree of vocal handicap than the younger age group [F (1,156) = 4.944, p = 0.028]. Implications …
A Model For Electrical Communication Between Cochlear Implants And The Brain, Douglas A. Miller
A Model For Electrical Communication Between Cochlear Implants And The Brain, Douglas A. Miller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the last thirty years, cochlear implants have become an invaluable instrument in the treatment of severe-to-profound hearing impairment. An important aspect of research in the continued development of cochlear implants is the in vivo assessment of signal processing algorithms intended to improve perception of speech and other auditory signals. In trying to determine how closely cochlear implant recipients process sound relative to the processing done by a normal auditory system, various assessment techniques have been applied. The most common technique has been measurement of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs), which involves the recording of neural responses to auditory stimulation. Depending …
Novel Word Learning Of Children With Hearing Impairment And Children With Typical Hearing, Matthew R. Clark
Novel Word Learning Of Children With Hearing Impairment And Children With Typical Hearing, Matthew R. Clark
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Children with hearing impairment may be at risk for reading difficulty due, in part, to delayed vocabulary development. However, advances in amplification technology, most notably cochlear implant technology, make it possible for children with profound hearing loss to acquire oral language. This study asked if novel word learning differed between children with typical hearing and those with severe to profound hearing loss who either wore hearing aids or had cochlear implants. Children learned nonsense words as names for Beanie Babies during a play scenario and were later asked to identify and name each Beanie Baby using its correct nonsense word …
Effects On L1 During Early Acquisition Of L2: Speech Changes In Spanish At First English Contact, Christina E. Gildersleeve-Neumann, Elizabeth D. Peña, Barbara L. Davis, Ellen S. Kester
Effects On L1 During Early Acquisition Of L2: Speech Changes In Spanish At First English Contact, Christina E. Gildersleeve-Neumann, Elizabeth D. Peña, Barbara L. Davis, Ellen S. Kester
Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Spanish phonological development was examined in six sequential bilingual children at the point of contact with English and eight months later. We explored effects of the English vowel and consonant inventory on Spanish. Children showed a significant increase in consonant cluster accuracy and in vowel errors. These emerging sequential bilingual children showed effects of English on their first language, Spanish. Cross-linguistic transfer did not affect all properties of the phonology equally. Negative transfer may occur in specific areas where the second language is more complex, requiring reorganization of the existing system, as in the transition from the Spanish five-vowel to …
Cross-Linguistic Universals In Reading Acquisition With Applications To English-Language Learners With Reading Disabilities, Brenda K. Gorman
Cross-Linguistic Universals In Reading Acquisition With Applications To English-Language Learners With Reading Disabilities, Brenda K. Gorman
Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications
There is a considerable gap in English reading achievement between English-language learners and native speakers in the United States. Differentiation of whether English language learners’ struggles are symptomatic of reading disability or related to second language acquisition is often challenging. These issues highlight the need for increased insight into reading development and disability in this population. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of cross-linguistic universals in reading acquisition, how reading disabilities manifest in various languages, and whether diagnostic and instructional approaches that are effective for native English speakers are also appropriate for English-language learners. Recommendations for …