Life Sciences Commons^™

Floristic Survey Of Remnant Vegetation In The Dandaragan Area, Western Australia, Edward Arnold Griffin

Resource management technical reports

A study involving the documentation of the extent and floristic composition of patches of native vegetation left uncleared by agricultural development is described. Floristic regions were defined in the study area by detailed analysis of the floristic data. The concentration of the major conservation reserves in only a few of these regions left the floristic variation of most of these regions poorly represented conservation reserves. About 13 percent of the private property remains uncleared.

Busselton, Margaret River, Augusta: Land Capability Study, Peter J. Tille, Neil Clifton Lantzke

Land resources series

The study was done to ensure that information on the area's land resource, and its capability, is available for land use planning. This information will assist planners to make decisions which can allow for the optimal development of the land while avoiding land degradation or land use conflicts. A map showing the distribution of land units defined according to soil type, topography, drainage and wind exposure was prepared at a scale of 1:50,000. From this map a smaller scale, less detailed land systems map was drawn. Land capability, the ability of land to sustain a specific use without undesirable on-site …

Frna Coliphages As A Viral Indicator Of Sewage Pollution In An Estuary, David Miller Boyd

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Harvester Newsletter Vol.10 December 1990, Tennessee State University

Agriculture Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Deep Banding Phosphate For Lupins. 1990 Results., R. J. Jarvis

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trials 90SC1, 90SC21, 90SC12, 88SC28, 90WH73

There is no doubt that deep banding is the only effective way to provide an efficient supply of phosphorus for lupins in the eastern wheatbelt.

Location: Carrabin, Wongan Hills.

Potassium Nutrition Of Pastures On The Sandplain Soils Of Western Australia., N. K. Edwards

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Aims: Determine the factors affecting the fate of native and applied potassium on sandplain soils.
Define current and residual response curve parameters for potassium applications.
Develop recommendations for the economic management of soil potassium levels.

Trial 88BA46

Maintenance application rates of potassium on sandplain soils.

Location: Badgingarra Research Station.

Fertilizer: Pastures and L. cosentinii - 200 kg/ha Super topdressed, wheat - 100 kg/ha Super topdressed, 120 kg/ha Agras No 1 drilled, lupins - 240 kg/ha Super Mn drilled. Urea topdressed on wheat on 26 June, 100 kg/ha.

Trial 88TS69

Maintenance application rates of potassium on sandplain soils

Location: North Eneabba. …

Time Of Sowing And Variety Of Lupins On The South Coast., M. Seymour

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 90ES5, 90ES6, 90E7

Lupin time of sowing x variety.

Location: Gibson

To evaluate the response of lupin varieties to a range of sowing dates when grown in high rainfall/long growing season environments.

Trial 90ES8

Lupin time of sowing x variety.

Location: Scaddan

To evaluate the response of lupin varieties to a range of sowing dates.

Rates Of Phosphorus And Potassium For Lupins On The South Coast,, M. Seymour

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 90ES23

Phosphorus and potassium response of lupins in high rainfall areas.

Location: Neridup

To evaluate the response of lupins to Phosphorus and Potassium response of lupins in high rainfall areas.

Getting The Best Out Of Our Wheats., Brenda Shackley, L. Lambert

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trials: 90KA82 (TOS1), 90KA83 (TOS 2), 90KA84 (TOS 3)
90LG4 (TOS 1), 90LG45 (TOS 2), 90LG46 (TOS 3)
90LG47 (TOS 1), 90LG48 (TOS 2), 90LG49 (TOS 3)
90N42 (TOS 1), 90N43 (TOS 2), 90N44 (TOS 3)

Variety * time of sowing (TOS)

Locations: Wagin, Tarin Rock, Newdegate Research Station and Lake Varley.

Determine the optimum sowing date for maximum yield for a range of released and unreleased wheat cultivars.

Trials: 90KA79, 90LG50, 90LG51, 90N62

Nitrogen application.

Locations: Wagin, Tarin Rock, Newdegate Station and Lake Varley.

Determine the response of released and unreleased wheat cultivars to the application of nitrogen.

Trials: …

Resistance-Training Techniques, L Kravitz, C J. Cisar

Craig J. Cisar

No abstract provided.

Ecology And Control Of Grass Weeds In Cereal Pasture Rotations In The Great Southern Region., A. Wallace

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Silvergrass control.

Trial 90AB11

Location: Great Southern Agricultural Research Institute - Katanning.

The site was an established silvergrass dominant pasture on a light sandy soil.

Trial 90KA95

Location: Great Southern Agricultural Research Institute - Katanning

The site was an established silvergrass dominant pasture on a medium clay soil.

Trial 90KA96

Location: Great Southern Agricultural Research Institute - Katanning

The site was an established silvergrass dominant pasture on heavy (Moort type) clay soil.

Simazine was found to be very active against silvergrass on the light sandy site and all rates applied gave complete control. There were some late germinations which enabled …

Development Of Herbicide Tolerant Lupin Varieties., J. Cooper

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 90GL26

Effect of growth stage at application of response to atrazine.

To determine the optimum stage for application of atrazine to show the most consistent and maximum differences between varieties of lupins in glasshouse tolerance trials.

Trial 90GL28

Response to lupin varieties to metribuzin applied post emergence.

This is an initial quick screening to determine if the same pattern of responses occurs when metribuzin is applied as when simazine/atrazine is used. Field rates were used assuming that there are 1,250,000 pots/ha. The recommended rate applied to peas is 300g/ha so this was used as an estimate of the amount …

Investigating Poor Pasture Productivity., J. W. Bowden, R. J. Lunt, C. Broun

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trial 90N06

Location: West Dale

To determine the reason for poor pasture productivity in medium rainfall zone. Specifically why the pastures are dominated by the poorly productive species Trifolium suffocatum and why there was a large response to phosphorous fertilizer at 50 ppm P in the soil.

Systems For Early Sowing Of Wheat In Low Rainfall Zones., Nicole Kerr, Glenn Adam

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Aims:

(i) use available climatic data to determine when breaks are likely to occur, and assess the risk of crop failure from 'false breaks'.

(ii) determine optimum methods of early crop establishment on a number of soil types, particularly massive earth soils.

(iii) determine the yield advantages of early planting of cereals, and sowing date * variety interactions. (iv) increase adoption of early sowing technology throughout the north-eastern wheatbelt.

Trial 90GE7, 90GE8, 90NM1 and 90GE10

Time of sowing * variety trials.

Location: Balla, North Mullewa and Morawa.

All of the trials the following design: 3 sowing dates (mid May, late …

Fat Source Effects On Finishing Steer Digestion And Metabolism, B.J. Bock, D.L. Harmon, Robert T. Brandt Jr., J.E. Schneider

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A replicated 3 x 3 Latin square design was used to explore the effects of fat source (none vs 3.5% soybean oil soapstock or animal tallow) when fed with high (1.0%) calcium on digestion and metabolism of a finishing diet by steers. Adding fat did not affect site or extent of starch or dry matter digestion. A net synthesis of long chain fatty acids occurred in the rumen. Feeding fat tended (P=.ll) to depress bacterial N flowing at the duodenum but did not affect nonbacterial N or total N.

Utilization Of Steam-Flaked Milo Or Corn And Supplemental Fat By Finishing Steers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, A.S. Freeman, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred forty crossbred yearling steers (815 lb) were utilized to evaluate grain type (steam flaked com vs steam flaked milo) and supplemental fat (O or 4% yellow grease) on finishing performance. There were no differences in carcass-adjusted average daily gain, feed intake, or feed conversion between steers fed milo vs com. Calculated NEtn and NEg contents of flaked milo were approximately 99% those of flaked com and 15 to 20% greater than those of dry rolled milo (NRC, 1984). Supplemental yellow grease increased (P=.12) average daily gain 4.4% and improved (P<.05) feed efficiency 6%. There were no grain type x fat interactions for any performance parameter measured. Steers fed milo had smaller (P<.05) ribeye areas and tended to have more baclcfat and internal (KPH) fat than com-fed steers. As a result, milo-fed steers had a higher (P<.OOI) yield grade. Steers fed com had a higher (P<.OOI) degree of yellow pigmentation in external fat than those fed milo. Supplemental yellow grease resulted in an additive increase (P<.025) in yellow pigmentation. There were no differences in peak shear force or sensory traits of beef longissimus muscle as a result of either grain type or fat level. Our data indicate that steam flaking can increase the net energy value of milo to nearly that of flaked com, with no detrimental effects on the quality of beef produced.

Effect Of Fats And Ionophores On In Vitro Fermentation Of A High Concentrate Diet, E.M. Clary, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Batch culture fermentations were used to determine the effects of fat type [none, animal tallow (AT), soybean oil soapstock (SOY), or yellow grease (YG)] and ionophore type [none, lasalocid (L), monensin + tylosin in a ratio of 2.5:1 (MT), or a 50:50 combination of Land MT (LMT)] on in vitro concentrations of lactate (LA) and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Fat-containing substrates had 4% fat on a dry basis. No significant interactions between fat and ionophore treatments were observed. Ionophore treatment resulted in a reduced pH, with the greatest reduction in the L treatment. lbtal VFA and LA increased with ionophore …

Influence Of Ruminal Butyrate Supply On Net Nutrient Production And Absorption In Steers, C.R. Krehbiel, D.L. Harmon, J.E. Schneider

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Six Holstein steers were used to evaluate the effects of increasing ruminal butyrate on net nutrient production and absorption by the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Ruminal and arterial concentrations and net hepatic flux of butyrate increased with increasing butyrate infusion. Concentrations of glucose and a-amino-N in arterial blood decreased as butyrate infusion increased. Of the ruminal butyrate infused, 24.5% appeared in portal blood as butyrate. Acetoacetate, D-β-hydroxybutyrate, and a-amino-N were the nutrients most altered by increasing ruminal butyrate.

Aspirated Oat Liftings For Growing Calves, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, F.K. Brazle, L.R. Corah, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feed value of aspirated oat liftings (AOL), a by-product of the oat milling industry, was evaluated by using it to replace 33, 67, or 100% of 36 lb/bu oats in a growing diet fed to heifers. Ammonia treatment of AOL was also tested. Dry matter intake and feed/gain increased linearly (P<.10) with increased AOL. Daily gains were similar for 33, 67, and 100% AOL inclusions, which were lower (P<.01) than the control (0% AOL). Despite lower performance, cheaper costs of production may be achieved with AOL depending on its price relative to other feedstuffs. Ammonia treatment of AOL had no beneficial effect on heifer performance in this study.

Leukotoxin Production By Fusobacterium Necrophorum Biotypes, Z. Tan, M. M. Chengappa, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fusobacterium necrophorum biotypes A and B were grown anaerobically to detect their leukotoxin production. Both biotypes exerted the highest leukotoxic effect on bovine leukocytes in the late logarithmic and early stationary growth places. Biotype A produced more leukotoxin than biotype B throughout all phases of bacterial growth. Results are consistent with the findings that biotype A is more virulent than biotype B.

An Evaluation Of Seven Pioneer Corn Hybrids For Silage And A Comparison Of Irrigated Vs Dryland Silages, D.G. Tiemann, K.K. Bolsen, R. Suazo, D. Johnson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seven Pioneer corn hybrids and one grain sorghum hybrid were grown under both irrigated and dryland conditions in 1988 and compared for agronomic and silage quality traits. Com hybrid silage yields ranged from 4.5 to 7.6 tons of dry matter (OM) per acre (mean, 5.8 tons) and grain yield, from 64 to 115 bu per acre (mean, 87 bu). Pre-ensiled DM content of the corn hybrids ranged from 26.7 to 33.0% (mean, 29.5%) and plant height from 82 to 108 in. (mean, 94 in.). In a digestion trial with sheep, apparent DM digestibility ranged from 66.0 to 71.0% (mean 69.6%); …

Characteristics Of The Indigenous Microflora From Five Silage Crops In 1987, R.A. Hart, F. Niroomand, K.K. Bolsen, M.A. Lubinski, W.R. Aimutis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from five silage crops in the 1987 growing season: wheat, alfalfa, com, interseeded grain sorghum and soybeans, and forage sorghum. All crops had post-harvest LAB counts that exceeded 5 x 105 colony-forming units/g. There were no significant correlations between rate of fermentation during the first 7 d post-ensiling and the indigenous LAB counts. However, corn and sorghum, which fermented rapidly, had higher populations of homofermentative LAB, and the isolates showed higher rod to cocci ratios compared to the other three crops. Most of the homofermentative rods isolated were Lactobacillus plantarum, and most of …

Effects Of Rumen-Escape Lipid In A Range Supplement On Postpartum Reproductive Function In Beef Cows, R.B. Hightshoe, R.C. Cochran, L.R. Corah, D.L. Harmon, G.H. Kiracofe

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Postpartum cows receiving a range supplement containing rumen-escape lipid exhibited altered hormone and cholesterol levels compared to cows not fed lipid. Sixty-seven percent of lipid-fed cows exhibited a normal (18.2 d) first estrous cycle vs 33% for cows not receiving lipid. Incorporation of rumen-escape lipid into range supplements appears to significantly improve postpartum reproductive characteristics.

Seventeen Years Of Kansas Central Bull Tests, R.R. Schalles, B.J. Ward, K.O. Zoellner, L.C. Martin

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Weights. frame scores. scrotal circumferences, and prices of bulls increased significantly over 17 years. Angus had the greatest increase in birth weight, average daily gain (ADG) during test, adjusted yearling weight, and frame score, whereas Simmental had the greatest increase in adjusted weaning weight. Backfat and ribeye area decreased over this period. Large frame score had the greatest effect on increasing sale priCe of bulls. Gelbvieh bulls with heavy birth weights sold for less, whereas heavy birth weight Limousin and Polled Hereford bulls sold for more. Rank correlations indicated a significant change in rank between 112- and 140-d ADG. About …

Managing Beef Genotypes For Profit: A Computer Simulation, R.R. Schalles, L.C. Martin, K.O. Zoellner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In a computer simulation based on KSU data, cattle bred and managed to be moved directly from weaning to feedlot and slaughtered at a young age produced the greatest profit. Cattle that were too small or too large and management systems that increased age at slaughter were less profitable. This accelerated system of production allows a producer to take advantage of superior genetics and the economic opportunities they provide, especially with retained ownership. The beef industry has the opportunity to continue to produce quality beef, while reducing days to slaughter by taking advantage of the higher efficiency of feed conversion …

Relationship Of Milk Production In Angus And Simmental Cows With Milk Expected Progeny Differences (Epds) And Calf Weaning Weight, T.T. Marston, D.D. Simms, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner, L.C. Martin, G.M. Fink

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Spring and fall calving Angus (n==86) and Simmental (n==96) cows at three different locations in Kansas were used to evaluate the relationships between milk production, Milk Expected Progeny Difference (Milk EPD), and calf weaning weight. A change of 1 lb in Milk EPD resulted in 4.95 lb change in calf weaning weight in Angus and 4.60 lb in Simmental. Each lb increase in Milk EPD predicted a 69.87 lb increase in total lactation milk production in Angus and 70.741b in Simmentals. Positive correlations were .40 and .64 between Milk EPD and total milk produced per lactation and .24 and .49 …

Evaluation Of Wheat Middlings-Based Supplements At Different Crude Protein Concentrations For Cattle Consuming Winter Range Forage, G.D. Sunvold, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Influence of increasing crude protein concentration in a wheat middlings-based supplement was evaluated in an intake/digestion trial. Protein-supplemented steers demonstrated increased (P<.01) intake of dormant, bluestem-range forage when compared with unsupplemented steers. Although increasing concentration of supplemental crude protein from 15 to 20% substantially increased (P<.01) forage and total dry matter intake. only slight increases in forage and total dry matter intake occurred when the concentration exceeded 20%. Protein supplementation increased (P<.01) fiber and dry matter digestibilities. Additionally. fiber digestibility tended (P=.087) to increase with increasing crude protein concentration of the supplement. Results suggest that when feeding a wheat middlings-based supplement. the crude protein concentration should be 20% or higher to optimize use of poor-quality forage.

Level And Method Of Feeding Dehydrated Alfalfa Pellets As A Protein Supplement For Beef Cows Grazing Winter Flint Hills Range, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four winter protein supplementation schemes were studied using 116 beef cows grazing Flint Hills range. The treatments were: 1) 4.0 lb soybean meal/sorghum grain (27.3% crude protein (CP» per head daily (SS), 2) 4.0 lb dehydrated alfalfa pellets (DEHY. 20.0% CP) per head daily (LO-DEHY), 3) 5.5 lb DEHY per head daily (HI-DEHY), and 4) DEHY fed at levels calculated to provide 4.0 lb per head daily with less fed in early winter and more fed in late winter (STAGGER-DEHY). The HI-DEHY and SS treatments resulted in higher (P<.05) weight gains and smaller (P<.05) losses in body condition before calving than the other two treatments. The HI-DEHY group had less cumulative weight loss (P<.05) at calving than the SS group. Cow performance was similar (P>.10) for the LO-DEHY and STAGGER-DEHY groups. Cow reproductive performance and …

Influence Of Supplementation Method On Forage Use And Grazing Behavior Of Beef Cattle Grazing Bluestem Range, S.D. Brandyberry, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, T. Delcurto, J.E. Schneider, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fifteen ruminally and 12 esophageally fistulated steers were used in two 28-d trials (late summer and early winter) to determine the influence of method of supplementation on forage use and grazing behavior. 1Ceatments were: 1) self-feeding supplement with salt to limit intake; 2) daily hand-feeding supplement and salt; 3) daily hand-feeding supplement without salt. Forage intake was not affected by season or supplementation method; however, total diet organic matter digestibility was higher in the late summer (P<.01) and lower when steers received supplement without salt (P<.05). Supplementation method did not affect the time that animals spent grazing or the distance travelled; however, both were greater (P<.01) during the summer period. Self-feeding supplement did not appear to adversely affect forage use in grazing beef steers.

Ensileability Of Alfalfa: Cutting, Maturity And Treatment Effects, J.L. Curtis, C. Lin, K.K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Analysis of ensiling characteristics from late-bud, 10% bloom, and 50% bloom alfalfa, taken within each of four cuttings identified higher pre-ensiled dry matter (DM) content during the first two cuttings, whereas crop buffer capacity was weakest during the third cutting and subsequently strongest throughout the fourth cutting. Initial pH was lowest at the first cutting and increased with each cutting thereafter. Dry matter increased linearly within maturity, whereas late-bud maturity had the highest buffer capacity and initial pH. From hr 24 until d 90, the pH values were consistently highest for late-bud and lowest for 50% bloom silage. 1featments receiving …