Nuclear Engineering Commons^™

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Aerospace Materials, Vehicle Shape And Astronaut Position At Lowering The Whole Body Effective Dose Equivalent In Deep Space, Daniel K. Bond

Theses and Dissertations

As future crewed, deep space missions are being planned, it is important to assess how spacecraft design can be used to minimize radiation exposure. Collectively with shielding material, vehicle shape and astronaut position must be used to protect astronauts from the two primary sources of space radiation: Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) and Solar Particle Events (SPE). GCRs, which are composed of low intensity, highly energetic, and fully ionized stable and meta-stable isotopes, are considered a chronic source of radiation risk to the astronauts. SPEs, which originate from solar coronal mass ejections, are composed mostly of high intensity protons that can …

Perfusion Cell Seeding And Expansion In Dual Mechanical Stimulation Bioreactor For In Vitro Tissue Development, Sarah Saunders, Sam Coles, Joao S. Soares

Graduate Research Posters

BACKGROUND: Engineered tissues are an exciting potential source of small diameter vascular grafts due to limited supply and patency of available alternatives. Engineered tissue vascular grafts (ETVGs) will provide physiological function that resembles native arteries and maintain the required mechanical properties as they integrate with host tissue. Mechanical stimulation during incubation encourages proper cell alignment and increases extracellular matrix deposition. The enhanced organization of the engineered tissue leads to improved compliance over synthetic alternatives without sacrificing strength and may lead to better integration in vivo.

METHODS: We have developed a bioreactor that mechanically trains grafts during incubation. To test the …

Development Of Near-Real Time Material Detection And Analysis By Coupling Electrochemical & Optical Spectroscopy Methods For Molten Salt Systems, Hunter Andrews

Theses and Dissertations

For both pyroprocessing and molten salt reactors (MSRs), it is desirable from a process control and nuclear safeguards perspective to monitor the species in the molten salts for material accountancy. Many traditional monitoring techniques, even simple salt sample retrieval, are time exhaustive or rendered useless for these systems due to the high thermal loads, high radiation zones, and corrosive nature of molten salts. Therefore, the main motivation for this work is the need for an online monitoring system for a molten salt system that is robust enough to handle the extreme environment yet deliver quantifiable salt concentrations. The intent of …

การพัฒนาผลึกซีเซียมแคลเซียมไอโอไดด์เพื่อใช้ในการตรวจวัดรังสี, ประวิทย์ บัวบาน

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้เป็นการพัฒนาผลึกซีเซียมแคลเซียมไอโอไดด์ (CsCaI3) เพื่อใช้ในการตรวจวัดรังสี ผลึกซีเซียมแคลเซียมไอโอไดด์มีสัดส่วนของสารประกอบตั้งต้น คือ ซีเซียมไอโอไดด์และแคลเซียมไอโอไดด์ (CsI:CaI2) ในสัดส่วนโดยน้ำหนักที่แตกต่างกัน คือ 80:20 และ 97:3 ด้วยเทคนิคการเลี้ยวเบนรังสีเอกซ์พบว่า ผลึกทั้งหมดมีโครงสร้างผลึกของรูปแบบผลึก CsI ที่มีระนาบที่โดดเด่นคือ (110) และ (211) มีค่าคงที่แลตทิซ คือ 4.5721±0.0091 และ 4.5512±0.0107 Å เกิดสภาวะความเครียดในผลึกเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับผลึก CsI อ้างอิง ผลึก CsCaI3 สัดส่วน 80:20 ที่ระนาบ (110) และ (211) มีขนาดผลึก คือ 25.30 และ 25.32 nm ผลึก CsCaI3 สัดส่วน 97:3 ที่ระนาบ (110) และ (211) มีขนาดผลึก คือ 25.10 และ 26.12 nm เห็นได้ว่า การเพิ่มปริมาณแคลเซียมไอโอไดด์ที่สูงขึ้นส่งผลทำให้การจัดเรียงระนาบของโครงสร้างผลึกมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงบ้างเพียงเล็กน้อย สำหรับการวิเคราะห์คุณสมบัติทางแสงผลึก CsCaI3 สัดส่วน 80:20 มีจุดเริ่มโปร่งแสงที่ความยาวคลื่น 439 nm เกิดโปร่งแสงเต็มที่ร้อยละ 65 และมีค่าช่องว่างแถบพลังงาน 2.82, 3.63 และ 3.87 eV ผลึก CsCaI3 สัดส่วน 97:3 จุดเริ่มโปร่งแสงที่ความยาว 426 nm เกิดโปร่งแสงเต็มที่ร้อยละ 49 และมีค่าช่องว่างแถบพลังงาน 2.91 และ 3.45 eV ในส่วนผลตรวจสอบการเปล่งแสงของผลึกด้วยเทคนิคโฟโตลูมิเนสเซนซ์ ผลึก CsCaI3 สัดส่วน 80:20 และ 97:3 ความยาวคลื่นแสงที่เปล่งออกมา 458 nm โดยเปรียบเทียบผลึก CsI(Tl) มีความยาวคลื่นแสงที่เปล่งออกมา …

การพัฒนาผลึกซีเซียมสตรอนเชียมไอโอไดด์เพื่อใช้ในการตรวจวัดรังสี, วศิน ชีวจรัสสกุล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การตรวจวัดรังสีนั้นจำเป็นต้องมีอุปกรณ์ในการตรวจวัดรังสี และอุปกรณ์วัดรังสีมีส่วนประกอบที่สำคัญคือหัววัดรังสี และหัววัดรังสีชนิดผลึกเรืองแสงเป็นที่นิยมใช้งานเนื่องด้วยมีประสิทธิภาพการวัดรังสีที่ดีแต่ว่ามีราคาที่ค่อนข้างแพง ดังนั้นจึงมีความจำเป็นในการพัฒนาผลึกเพื่อใช้การตรวจวัดรังสี ด้วยวิธีการปลูกแบบบริดจ์แมน-สต็อกบาร์เกอร์ที่ปรับปรุงขึ้นเอง โดยศึกษาการเพิ่มปริมาณสัดส่วนของสตรอนเชียมไอโอไดด์ร้อยละ 1, 3 และ 5 จะส่งผลต่อการเปลี่ยนแปลงคุณภาพผลึกและคุณสมบัติทางแสงของผลึกอย่างไร โดยทำการวิเคราะห์โครงสร้างผลึก คุณภาพผลึก และคุณสมบัติทางแสง พบว่าเมื่อปริมาณสัดส่วนสตรอนเชียมไอโอไดด์เพิ่มขึ้นในปริมาณเล็กน้อยนี้ โครงสร้างผลึกและคุณภาพความเป็นผลึกมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงน้อยมาก คือเกิดสภาวะความเครียดแบบบีบอัดในผลึกเพิ่มขึ้นเพียงเล็กน้อย โดยมีค่าคงที่แลตทิชเฉลี่ยเท่ากับ 4.4647 ± 0.0707, 4.5156 ± 0.0370 และ 4.4574 ± 0.0958 Å ทำให้เกิดสภาวะความเครียดแบบบีบอัดในผลึกเป็น -2.23%, -1.12% และ -2.39% และขนาดผลึกมีขนาดใหญ่ขึ้นเล็กน้อยคือ 16.47 ± 0.89, 16.62 ± 0.93 และ 16.72 ± 1.15 nm ตามลำดับ โดยรวมถือว่าไม่ส่งผลเสียต่อโครงสร้างผลึกและคุณภาพความเป็นผลึกเมื่อผสมสตรอนเชียมปริมาณเล็กน้อย แต่ว่าสตรอนเชียมที่ผสมเข้าไปช่วยทำให้แสงที่เปล่งออกมาจากผลึกมีความเข้มของการเปล่งแสงสูงมากขึ้น และแสงมีความยาวคลื่นที่เพิ่มมากขึ้นเป็นประมาณ 595-600 nm สำหรับการทดสอบประสิทธิภาพการตรวจวัดรังสีแกมมาของผลึกขนาด f 1 cm. x 1 cm. พบว่า ผลึกที่มีอัตราส่วนร้อยละ 1, 3 และ 5(หนา 0.5 cm.) มีประสิทธิภาพการวัดรังสีร้อยละ 78.92, 80.54 และ 61.19 และมีความสามารถในการแยกพลังงานรังสี 76.72, 70.62 และ 47.62 ตามลำดับ ของการตรวจวัดรังสีพลังงาน 122 keV และประสิทธิภาพการวัดรังสีลดลงในกรณีการวัดรังสีแกมมาพลังงาน 662 keV เท่ากับ 22.78, 26.10 และ 14.50 ตามลำดับ

Virtual Patient-Specific Vmat Quality Assurance Using Machine Learning In Radiotherapy, Sangutid Thongsawad

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The purpose of this study was to develop the virtual patient-specific VMAT QA based on the extracted features from the multileaf collimator (MLC) patterns and fluence map. The machine learning (ML) approach was used to develop the prediction (or regression model) and classification models. The input of models applied Multileaf collimator (MLC) patterns and fluence map as the key features, whereas gamma passing rates (GPR) results from patient-specific VMAT QA of electronic portal imaging devices (EPID) as the label or the response class for testing these models. Sensitivity and specificity scores were calculated for models' accuracy. The highest sensitivity score …

Reducing Material Attractiveness Utilizing Pu-238 And U-232, Cody Lloyd

Theses and Dissertations

Decreasing the material attractiveness of uranium and plutonium materials is crucial to nuclear nonproliferation. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) implements safeguards across the world on a limited budget. Not only does decreasing material attractiveness reduce the possibility of proliferation, but also may lighten the financial burden on the IAEA if safeguards can be reduced. Two particular isotopes that have negative material attractiveness traits are ²³⁸Pu and ²³²U. Without isotopic separation technology, these isotopes cannot be removed from plutonium and uranium materials respectively. Both ²³⁸Pu and ²³²U produce large quantities of heat by alpha decay. High …

Dose Deposition And Electrostatic Charging Of Kapton Films Irradiated With Electrons, Youssef Abouhussien, Gennady Miloshevsky

Graduate Research Posters

Kapton films are widely utilized in harsh radiation environments where radiation resistant insulating materials are required. For space applications, Kapton polymers are used on satellites as substrates for solar arrays and outer layers of thermal systems. Kapton is also used in nuclear power plants as wire insulation. Kapton materials can be exposed in nuclear reactors to a reactive chemical environment in addition to severe radiation. It is of utmost important to understand how Kapton materials behave under high irradiation conditions and mitigate radiation damage effects. High-energy electrons can deposit ionizing dose and electric charge deeply inside Kapton materials. The charge …

Jxb Force Effects On Beryllium Melt Splashing In Fusion Devices, Cheng Zhang, Gennady Miloshevsky

Graduate Research Posters

Instability and disruption of high-temperature plasma in fusion devices may result in the edge-localized modes (ELMs) and lead to melting of plasma facing components (PFCs) causing their damage. Beryllium (Be) is used as a first wall for PFCs due to its low density, high strength, and high thermal conductivity. However, melting of Be on the surface of first wall is of a great concern as splashing of a molten Be layer will result in the plasma contamination and termination of fusion reaction. Therefore, it is important to understand the physics mechanisms characterizing the splashing of Be from a pool under …

Spatio-Temporal Evolution Of Warm Dense Plasmas: Molecular Dynamics Modeling, Harrison Wenzel, Gennady Miloshevsky

Graduate Research Posters

SPATIO-TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF WARM DENSE PLASMAS: MOLECULAR

DYNAMICS MODELING Cole Wenzel and Gennady Miloshevsky

Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, 401

West Main St, Richmond, VA 23284-3015

The exo-atmospheric detonation of nuclear device would be of great impact on the material integrity of orbiting satellites. The spectral energy distribution of high intensity X-ray flux, ~10 28 -10 35 photons/(cm 2 ∙s), originating from a nuclear blast is described by the Planck's blackbody function with the temperature from 0.1 keV to 10 keV. Particular damage would occur to the multi-layered, solar cell panels of satellites. However, the X-ray …

Design Of X-Ray Source For Real-Time Computed Tomography, Wesley William Tucker

Doctoral Dissertations

"The reduction of motion blur in computed tomography (CT) drives the current research for multisource CT. Due to their compact nature, the current multisource systems utilize stationary angled anodes. Unfortunately, these configurations neither simplify the imaging geometry, nor satisfy the need for managing the high thermal loads demanded by real-time CT (30 acquisition frames per second). To add to the current field of knowledge, two x-ray tube concepts are presented in this dissertation. First, a simulation of transient thermal analysis was performed on a compact transmission-type x-ray tube anode operating in pulse-mode. A correlation was found between deposited beam power …

Characterization Of Neutron Irradiated Accident Tolerant Nuclear Fuel Cladding Silicon Carbide & Radiation Detector Deadtime, Bader Almutairi

Doctoral Dissertations

“In part I, the pulse shape characteristics generated by a Geiger Muller (GM) detector and recorded by an oscilloscope manually, were investigated. The objective of part I was (1) to find a correlation between pulse shape and the operating voltage; and (2) to assess if pulse shape properties followed distinct patterns comparable to detector deadtime findings reported by a previous study. It was observed that (1) there is a strong correlation between pulse shape and operating voltage, and (2) pulse shape falls in three distinct regions similar to detector deadtime. Furthermore, parts II and III are companions and share the …

Modeling A Nuclear Research Reactor And Radiation Dose Estimation In An Accident Scenario, Abdulaleem Abdulmajeed Bugis

Doctoral Dissertations

“A detailed, flexible three-dimensional (3D) model of the Missouri S&T Reactor (MSTR) with a heterogeneous core geometry was developed using the Standardized Computer Analyses for Licensing Evaluation (SCALE). A Graphical User Interface (GUI) was developed for SCALE, which allows the user to generate an input file automatically. The SCALE model was validated with a Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport (MCNP) model of the MSTR. The validation process was based on the criticality calculations using the Criticality Safety Analysis Sequence (CSAS6). Three geometrical models were examined. The SCALE model that has the full detailed geometry showed a good agreement with the MCNP …

Development Of Radiation Transport Techniques For Modelling A High-Resolution Multi-Energy Photon Emission Tomography System, Seth Kilby

Doctoral Dissertations

”Nondestructive characterization techniques such as gamma tomography represent powerful tools for the analysis and quantification of physical defects and radionuclide concentrations within nuclear fuel forms. Gamma emission tomography, in particular, has the ability to utilize the inherent radiation within spent nuclear fuel to provide users with information about the migration and concentration of fission and activation products within the fuel form. Idaho National Laboratory is interested in using this technology to analyze new nuclear fuel forms for potential use in next generation nuclear reactors. In this work, two aspect of the system are analyzed. The first is a semi-analytic radiation …

Modification Of The Optical Response Of Alpha Quartz Via The Deposition Of Gold Nanoparticles In Etched Ion Tracks, Maria C. Garcia Toro

Doctoral Dissertations

”This study addresses the experimental methods used to develop and characterize plasmonic devices capable of modifying the optical response of alpha quartz via the deposition of gold nanoparticles in etched ion tracks. In the first part of the research, the microstructural characterization of latent and etched ion tracks produced in alpha quartz (α-SiO₂) is presented. Single crystals of α-SiO₂ were irradiated with two highly energetic ions to different nominal fluences. As expected, the morphology of the resulting ion tracks depends on the energy of the incident ion and their stopping powers within the target material. Subsequent chemical …

Analysis Of Energy Economy In Muon Catalyzed Fusion Considering External X-Ray Reactivation, Nishant Raghav Pillai

Masters Theses

"An analysis of the energy economy of a theoretical muon-catalyzed nuclear fusion system has been made by invoking the use of point kinetic equations, Monte Carlo radiation transport simulations, and from a review of existing literature on muon-catalyzed fusion. An external X-ray reactivation source is proposed as a novel way to increase the number of fusions per muon and thereby overcome the so-called alpha sticking problem that has long been considered the primary impediment to breakeven muon-catalyzed fusion power. Free electron lasers, synchrotrons and Wakefield accelerators are discussed as possible bright X-ray photon sources. The addition of an intense external …

The Potentials Of Faecal Sludge Treatment Using Local Conditioners In Tanzania: A Review, Doglas Benjamin1

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Worldwide, every day human beings generate millions of tons of Faecal Sludge (FS), which is rich in water, nutrients, energy, and organic compounds. Yet FS is not being managed in a way that permits us to derive value from its reuse, while at the same time, millions of farmers struggle with depleted soils and lack of water. In most of the developing countries, energy for cooking is mainly derived from cutting of trees, either as wood or charcoal. Resource recovery and reuse from FS can create livelihoods, enhance food security, support green economies, reduce waste and contribute to cost recovery …

Neutronic Investigation Of Alternative & Composite Burnable Poisons For The Soluble-Boron-Free And Long Life Civil Marine Small Modular Reactor Cores, Syed B. Alam, Bader Almutairi, Tuhfatur Ridwan, Dinesh Kumar, Cameron S. Goodwin, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Concerns about the effects of global warming provide a strong case to consider how best nuclear power could be applied to marine propulsion. Currently, there are persistent efforts worldwide to combat global warming, and that also includes the commercial freight shipping sector. In an effort to decarbonize the marine sector, there are growing interests in replacing the contemporary, traditional propulsion systems with nuclear propulsion systems. The latter system allows freight ships to have longer intervals before refueling; subsequently, lower fuel costs, and minimal carbon emissions. Nonetheless, nuclear propulsion systems have remained largely confined to military vessels. It is highly desirable …

Monte Carlo And Experimental Analysis Of A Novel Directional Rotating Scatter Mask Gamma Detection System, Julie V. Logan, Darren E. Holland, Larry W. Burggraf, Justin A. Clinton, Buckley E. O'Day Iii

Faculty Publications

Excerpt: This work demonstrates successful experimental operation of a prototype system to identify source direction which was modeled using a library of signals simulated using GEANT and a novel algorithm....

A Case Study: The First Coastal Nuclear Decommissioning Project In California, Willie Aaron Quiros

Construction Management

San Onofre Nuclear Generating System (SONGS) is one of two nuclear power plants in California. Since the shut down in 2012, there is only one actively remaining, Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant, which is set to shut down in 2024. This paper will examine the decommissioning of SONGS thus far; the first coastal nuclear decommissioning project in California’s stringent permitting process. This project was awarded as a joint venture to AECOM and Energy Solutions, both having experiencing in the field of nuclear decommissioning. This paper will outline what nuclear decommissioning challenges have been in the past; general steps of decommissioning …

Characterization And Drying Of Oxyhydroxides On Aluminum Clad Spent Nuclear Fuel, Matthew Shalloo

Theses and Dissertations

Research reactors such as the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) and the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) employ aluminum-clad fuel elements made up of many thin plates with uranium dispersed within. In most engineering applications, aluminum is considered to have favorable corrosion characteristics. It forms a thin oxide layer [Al2O3] under atmospheric conditions that is impenetrable to oxygen thus stopping any further corrosion. However, both aluminum metal and Al2O3 react with water to form hydrous oxides which are less protective against further corrosion and form significantly thicker layers than oxidation in dry air. As a result, aluminum-clad spent nuclear fuel (ASNF) …

Modeling Neutron Interaction Inside A 2d Reactor Using Monte Carlo Method, A. S. M. Fakhrul Islam

Theses and Dissertations

Scientists and engineers have been working for many years to develop accurate approaches to analyzing nuclear power reactors using computer codes that closely model the behavior of neutrons in a reactor core. The Monte Carlo simulation method is capable of treating complex geometries with a high level of resolution and fidelity to model neutron interactions inside a reactor core. With the requirement of accurate modeling in reactor physics and dynamics and great innovation of computer technology, Monte Carlo method is becoming an ever more powerful tool and receiving rising attention. In this study, Monte Carlo method is used to model …

Bison Simulation-Based Identification Of Important Design Criteria For U3si2 Fuels With Composite-Monolithic Duplex Sic Cladding, Jacob A. Yingling

Theses and Dissertations

Accident Tolerant Fuels (ATF) require a combination of fuel and cladding which have comparable longevity characteristics to UO2 while improving resistance to radiological release during and after accidents. U3Si2 has been proposed for use in ATF concepts for its high uranium density and high thermal conductivity which provide improved fuel performance. However, some of U3Si2’s material properties are not well understood. One such property, thermal creep of U3Si2, is an important contributing factor to U3Si2’s viability as an ATF. No experimentally derived thermal creep model is published for U3Si2, and previous analyses of compressive thermal creep experimental data lack statistical …

Modeling The Uranium-Silicon Phase Equilibria Based On Computational And Experimental Analysis, Tashiema Lixona Ulrich

Theses and Dissertations

As part of Accident tolerant fuel initiative, the uranium-silicide compound, U3Si2, is under consideration as a potential replacement for conventional uranium dioxide fuel. It is of interest as its higher uranium density of 11.3 g(U)/cm3 compared to 9.7 g(U)/cm3 for UO2 may allow use of more robust, but less neutronically economical fuel cladding. The improved uranium content would not only accommodate the neutronic penalty inherent to certain accident tolerant cladding concepts but also facilitate improved reactor performance with the potential for longer fuel cycles.

The U-Si system has been the subject of various studies that mainly focused on thermophysical properties, …

Possible Detection Of Low Energy Solar Neutrons Using Boron Based Materials, Nicole Benker, Elena Echeverria, Robert Olesen, Brant E. Kananen, John W. Mcclory, Yaroslav V. Burak, Volodymyr T. Adamiv, Ihor M. Teslyuk, George Glenn Peterson, Ben Bradley, Ethiyal R. Wilson, James C. Petrosky, Bin Dong, Jeffry Kelber, Jennifer Hamblin, Jaques Doumani, Peter A. Dowben, Alex Enders

Faculty Publications

Solar neutrons have been detected aboard the International Space Station (ISS), using lithium tetraborate and boron carbide detector elements. We find that evidence of a solar neutron flux, as detected in a neutron calorimeter following subtraction of the proton background, with an energy of about 2 to 4 MeV. This solar neutron flux is likely no more than 250 to 375 neutrons cm⁻²sec⁻¹, with a lower bound of 50–75 neutrons cm⁻²sec⁻¹ at one au.

Enabling Mobile Neutron Detection Systems With Clyc, Matthew C. Recker

Theses and Dissertations

Cs₂LiYCl₆:Ce³⁺ (CLYC) has the desirable property of being sensitive to both gamma rays and neutrons while producing waveforms suitable for pulse shape discrimination (PSD) to determine which radiation was detected. This dissertation examines the behavior of CLYC to support its further development for mobile and portable applications. First, the feasibility of performing PSD with CLYC and an inexpensive data acquisition system was examined. This system was able to clearly distinguish both events with a figure of merit of 1.42. Next, the performance of a SiPM was compared to a traditional PMT. Analysis showed that the …

Investigations Of Point Defects In Kh2Po4 Crystals Using Ab Initio Quantum Methods, Tabitha E. R. Dodson

Theses and Dissertations

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH₂PO₄, or commonly called KDP) crystals can be grown to large sizes and are used for many important devices (fast optical switches, frequency conversion, polarization rotation) for high powered lasers. The nonlinear optical material has a wide intrinsic transparency range. Intrinsic point defects are responsible for several short-lived absorption bands in the visible and ultraviolet regions that affect high-power pulsed laser propagation. The primary intrinsic defects have been experimentally detected in KDP using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments. The defect models established thus far include (i) self-trapped holes, (ii) oxygen vacancies, and (iii) …

Quantitative Analysis Of Cerium-Gallium Alloys Using A Hand-Held Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Device, Ashwin P. Rao, Matthew Cook, Howard L. Hall, Michael B. Shattan

Faculty Publications

A hand-held laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy device was used to acquire spectral emission data from laser-induced plasmas created on the surface of cerium-gallium alloy samples with Ga concentrations ranging from 0–3 weight percent. Ionic and neutral emission lines of the two constituent elements were then extracted and used to generate calibration curves relating the emission line intensity ratios to the gallium concentration of the alloy. The Ga I 287.4-nm emission line was determined to be superior for the purposes of Ga detection and concentration determination. A limit of detection below 0.25%was achieved using a multivariate regression model of the Ga I …

Point Defects In Lithium Gallate And Gallium Oxide, Christopher A. Lenyk

Theses and Dissertations

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), photoluminescence (PL), thermoluminescence (TL), and wavelength-dependent TL are used to identify and characterize point defects in lithium gallate and β-gallium oxide doped with Mg and Fe acceptor impurities single crystals. EPR investigations of LiGaO₂ identify fundamental intrinsic cation defects lithium (V⁻_Li) and gallium (V²⁻_Ga) vacancies. The defects’ principle g values are found through angular dependence studies and atomic-scale models for these new defects are proposed. Thermoluminescence measurements estimate the activation energy of lithium vacancies at Ea = 1.05 eV and gallium vacancies at Ea > 2 …

Methods Of Use And Manufacture Of Silver-Doped, Nano-Porous Hydroxyapatite, Cheol-Woon Kim, Richard K. Brow

Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

A silver-doped, nano-porous hydroxyapatite material is provided that can be utilized to capture radioactive iodine, ¹²⁹I. Methods of using the silver-doped, nano-porous hydroxyapatite material to remove radioactive iodine, and methods of manufacturing the material are also provided.