Organizational Behavior and Theory Commons^™

Pedestrian Evacuation: Vulnerable Group Member Influence On The Group Leaders’ Decision-Making And The Impact On Evacuation Time, Terra Lynne Elzie

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Theses & Dissertations

As pedestrian evacuations of buildings, outdoor venues, and special events occur, dynamic interactions between pedestrians and vehicles during egress are possible. To model pedestrian and vehicle evacuations, simulation models have evolved to incorporate more realistic crowd characteristics and behaviors to provide improved results. Past studies using modeling and simulation, specifically agent-based modeling, have explored pedestrian behaviors such as decision-making, navigation within a virtual environment, group formations, intra-group interactions, inter-group dynamics, crowd behaviors such as queuing and herding, and pedestrianvehicle interactions. These studies have led to relevant insights helpful to improving the accuracy of evacuation times for normal and emergency egress …

Three Essays On Ceo Traits, Corporate Investment Decisions, And Firm Value, Rongyao Zhang

Theses and Dissertations in Business Administration

More and more research has shown that the characteristics of top executives, especially CEOs, affect organizational decisions and behaviors. This dissertation primarily focuses on the role of executives’ managerial ability played in firm investment decisions, such as mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) investment, and firm value.

Essay 1 examines whether high-ability managers’ earnings smoothing is motivated by the need to mitigate the adverse effects of heightened information asymmetry triggered by M&As on managers’ reputation capital and firm value. I document that acquirers with high-ability managers engage in more pre-acquisition earnings smoothing and experience more significant announcement …

I'M Special But A.I. Doesn't Get It, Huei Huei Laurel Teo

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

A growing body of management research on artificial intelligence (AI) has consistently shown that people innately distrust decisions made by AI and find such decision processes simply less fair compared to decisions made by humans. My dissertation adopts a different perspective to propose that aside from fairness concerns, AI decision methods trigger perceptions in people that their individual uniqueness has not be adequately considered and this has negative consequences for their psychological or subjective well-being.

By combining theories of uniqueness, individuality, power, and well-being, I develop five studies to provide empirical evidence that aversion to AI-mediated decisions also operates through …

Making Connections: Understanding How Social Interaction Patterns Influence Work-Related Outcomes For Individuals With Disabilities, Christine Marie Manno

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In the United States, approximately eight million individuals with disabilities are active in the workforce (Erickson et al., 2008). These individuals seek employment that allows for full use of their education, experience, and abilities, and provides growth and development opportunities (Ali et al., 2011). Despite protective legislation and inclusive organizational policies, individuals with disabilities are at least twice as likely as individuals without disabilities to experience underemployment and reduced access to advancement opportunities (Schur et al., 2009). Evidence suggests that some of these issues may be related to social interaction patterns. It appears that individuals with disabilities have a strong …

Employer And Internal Branding Research: A Bibliometric Analysis Of 25 Years, Gordhan K. Saini, Filip Lievens, Mukta Srivastava

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Purpose: In the past 25 years, employer and internal branding have grown significantly. Prior reviews tended to focus on either one of these domains. This study aims to map the intellectual structure of research on both employer branding and internal branding, thereby identifying impactful authors and journals, current and evolving themes and avenues for future research. Design/methodology/approach: Using VOSviewer and Biblioshiny software packages, a bibliometric analysis of 739 articles was conducted using various methods such as citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, cluster analysis, keyword analysis and three-field plot. The Scopus results were further validated using 297 articles produced by the Web …

Gender, Bottom-Line Mentality, And Workplace Mistreatment: The Roles Of Gender Norm Violation And Team Gender Composition, Kenneth Tai, Kiyoung Lee, Eugene Kim, Tiffany D. Johnson, Wei Wang, Michelle K. Duffy, Seongsu Kim

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Although gender has been identified as an important antecedent in workplace mistreatment research, empirical research has shown mixed results. Drawing on role congruity theory, we propose an interactive effect of gender and bottom-line mentality on being the target of mistreatment. Across two field studies, our results showed that whereas women experienced more mistreatment when they had higher levels of bottom-line mentality, men experienced more mistreatment when they had lower levels of bottom-line mentality. In another field study, using round-robin survey data, we found that team gender composition influenced the degree to which the adoption of a bottom-line mentality by female …

The Vigilante Identity And Organizations, Fan Xuan Chen, Maja Graso, Karl Aquino, Lily Lin, Joey T. Cheng, Katherine Decelles, Abhijeet K. Vadera

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We test the theoretical and practical utility of the vigilante identity, a self-perception of being the kind of person who monitors their environment for signs of norm violations, and who punishes the perceived norm violator, without formal authority. We develop and validate a measure of the vigilante identity scale (VIS) and demonstrate the scale’s incremental predictive validity above and beyond seemingly related constructs (Studies 1 – 2e). We show that the VIS predicts hypervigilance towards organizational wrongdoing (Studies 2 and 4), punishment intentions and behavior in and of organizations (Studies 3 and 4) as well as in the wider community …

The Importance Of Agile Reporting Methods In A Retail Sales Environment, Katie Haefner

Information Systems Undergraduate Honors Theses

The primary objective of this project is to understand the importance of agile reporting methodologies for a retail sales team. Data has proven to be very vital for businesses to use and understand. In software systems that serve as data warehouses, it is expected that value be provided at each iteration within the system. This includes all the measurements, metrics, and reports. Agile reporting effects the way that data is utilized within a company. This paper looks at some of ways that value can be added when companies focus on ways to consolidate and standardize data as well as make …

Not All I-Deals Are Same: Examining A Process Model Linking Content-Specific I-Deals To Employee Performance Outcomes, Yilu Wang

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Integrating i-deals theory and job demands and resources (JD-R) theory, I propose to investigate whether and how content-specific i-deals differ in their effectiveness in individual performance outcomes. Consistent with the early conceptualization of i-deals contents, I specifically compare the impact of task and work responsibility, financial incentives, schedule flexibility, and location flexibility on employees' engagement and performance outcomes. I suggest that content-specific i-deals have different relationships with physical-, emotional-, and cognitive-engagement, and the three types of engagement mediate the relationships between content-specific i-deals and performance outcomes (operationalized as task performance, organizational citizenship behaviors, and creativity). Multilevel modeling and relative weights …

Programas De Bienestar En Microempresas, Pequeñas Y Medianas Empresas De Puerto Rico: Facilitadores Y Obstáculos Para Su Implementación, Elsie Rodriguez Berdiel Nsu Florida

Theses and Dissertations

La salud del empleado en estos tiempos ha cobrado gran relevancia. La literatura menciona que los empresarios están creando programas de bienestar laboral en sus empresas con la finalidad de mejorar la motivación, satisfacción laboral, productividad, el clima y la cultura organizacional. La mayoría de los empresarios que están tomando medidas para promover el bienestar laboral, son los propietarios de las grandes empresas. Para las PyMEs el tema de bienestar laboral es un aspecto difícil de trabajar.

Este estudio pretendía identificar las condiciones existentes en las PyMEs para implementar programas de bienestar. Se realizó un cuestionario para recolectar la data. …

When "First, Do No Harm" Fails: A Restorative Justice Approach To Workgroup Harms In Healthcare, Pedro L. Flores

Dissertations

In healthcare, workgroup mistreatment is a pervasive problem that begins during medical education (medical and nursing school) and becomes embedded in the “hidden curriculum of professionalism,” which dissuades and even punishes learners for talking about abuse they witness. Furthermore, the mistreatment of healthcare providers (HCPs) pervades all disciplines in the healthcare delivery chain due to a combination of cultural factors, systemic pressures, dysfunctional hierarchies, and leadership’s tolerance of intimidating and disruptive behaviors. Not surprisingly, 18% of U.S. HCPs have left the medical field since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and burnout, stress, anxiety, and increased workloads have been identified …

Challenging The Glass Ceiling: Collaboration As The Key To Increasing The Number Of Librarians Of Color In Academic Libraries, Janet M. Reid, Patricia D. Sobczak

Collaborative Librarianship

Currently, libraries are engaged in creating environments that embrace diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI). This includes having candidates for hire submit statements regarding their approach to DEI and internal committees to look at policies and procedures regarding DEI. Also there is a lot of both internal and external training designed to help organizations and their members become more adept at creating environments with DEI in mind. What is often missed in all of this activity is how individual librarians, through mentorship and collaboration, can come together to foster DEI and support each other in success. This field report shows how …

Representing And Analyzing The Dynamics Of An Agent-Based Adaptive Social Network Model With Partial Integro-Differential Equations, Hiroki Sayama

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

We formulated and analyzed a set of partial integro-differential equations that capture the dynamics of our adaptive network model of social fragmentation involving behavioral diversity of agents. Previous results showed that, if the agents’ cultural tolerance levels were diversified, the social network could remain connected while maintaining cultural diversity. Here we converted the original agent-based model into a continuous equation-based one so we can gain more theoretical insight into the model dynamics. We restricted the node states to 1-D continuous values and assumed the network size was very large. As a result, we represented the whole system as a set …

Examining Factors Related To Employees' Perceived Value Congruence In A Newcomer Training Program, William Joseph Mattera Jr

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The first 90 days of employment have received more and more attention concerning how an individual employee (“individual”) can succeed within the work environment. Watkins (2013) centers the responsibility on the individual to engage in understanding, embracing, and shifting toward buying into an organizational culture. However, what role does an organization play in successfully transitioning an individual into their culture? The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a new employee training program on perceptions of role clarity, organizational culture, organizational goals and values, and perceived value congruence.

A quantitative approach was utilized to analyze responses …

Is Discourse About Flexible Working, A Mechanism Of Gender In/Equality, Changing Over Time? The Case Of Working From Home (Wfh)., Alyson Gounden Rock

Dismantling Bias Conference Series

No abstract provided.

Negotiating Allies And Alliances In Social Movements, Cynthia Wang, Sara Soderstom, Jennifer Whitson

Dismantling Bias Conference Series

No abstract provided.

A Difference In Perspective: Linking Empathy To Allyship Behaviors Via Authentic Emotional Connections, Beth Livingston, Tina Opie

Dismantling Bias Conference Series

No abstract provided.

Allyship And Incivility, Rohan Crawley

Dismantling Bias Conference Series

No abstract provided.

Financial Hardships As Gendered Experiences And Financial Insecurity Trajectories, Heather Odle-Dusseau, Russell Matthews, Julie Wayne, Yi-Ren Wang

Dismantling Bias Conference Series

No abstract provided.

Lean Dei: Applying A Proven Transformative Approach To “Sticky” Dei Problems, Valeria Sinclair-Chapman, Christopher Chapman

Dismantling Bias Conference Series

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Team Potency, Leader Communication Frequency, And Goal Clarity On The Relationship Between Servant Leadership And Team Performance: A Focus On The Fundraising Profession, Jill R. Carroll

Servant Leadership: Theory & Practice

Previous research has shown that the practice of servant leadership improves team performance in organizations; however, the specific reasons for this positive influence are still being investigated. This paper puts forth a conceptual model that considers the mediating effect of team potency and the moderating influences of leader communication frequency and clarity of team goals on the servant leadership-team performance relationship. Based on a review of the literature, four propositions regarding the positive influence of these variables on the servant leadership-team performance relationship are put forth. The importance of the servant leader-team performance relationship and the effects of the moderating …

An Investigation Of Perceived Authenticity Of Diversity And Black Lives Matter Statements And Their Influence On Applicant Attractiveness, Shelby Nicole Davis

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) (i.e., organizations’ diversity and social justice [Black Lives Matter] statements) influences applicant attractiveness to organizations. Using Fortune-500 companies’ diversity and Black Lives Matter statements as indicators of CSR activities, I examined the relationship between CSR activities, perceived authenticity, organizational attractiveness, and person-organization fit. It was hypothesized that diversity statements that specifically mention race and actions taken to promote diverse workplaces (i.e., strong) will be seen as authentic and those organizations will be the most attractive. Additionally, it was hypothesized that social Black Lives Matter (BLM) statements that specifically mention systemic racism/ racial inequality and/or actions to …

Under What Conditions, Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Firm Performance - The Mediating Role Of Brand Equity, Shahriar Gias, Kristopher Floyd

Business Faculty Articles and Research

Previous research has shown that the effects of CSR are controversial. In 2008, an article in Forbes indicated that CSR offered no real competitive advantage for a firm. This article intimated that very few people know or even care about CSR and that as always, most products continue to be purchased based on quality or price and yet, many companies continue to increase their CSR programs and reach (Vogel, 2008). CSR continues to be a hot topic in the corporate world. Many companies are increasingly creating programs to show how socially responsible they are. However, the results of these programs …

Trust Building Within And Across Cultures: A Study Of Guinea, Xiushun Sun

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

With the development of African economy and the increasing Chinese MNCs operating in Africa, there is a need to have a better understanding of the trust relationships between Chinese expatriates and African HCNs in the organizational environment. We adopt both qualitative and quantitative approaches to understand the trust relationships between Chinese supervisors, Guinea supervisors and Guinea subordinates in a Chinese MNC’s subsidiary in Guinea, compare the difference within culture and across culture, and examine how the interpersonal trust and the trust in the organization affect employees’ job performance. In study 1, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 Chinese supervisors, 20 …

Energy Literacy In Portugal: A System Map And Framework To Increase Energy Literacy Through The Renewable Energy Transition, Molly S. Fox

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Western society lives with a great dependence and an almost simultaneous ignorance of energy consumption (van den Broek, 2019). The systemic landscape of energy knowledge and dissemination is more critical than ever as Portugal races to meet decarbonization goals. This paper fills a knowledge gap by updating the current social landscape of energy literacy in Portugal through a comprehensive system map and framework to increase energy literacy levels through the renewable energy transition. By conducting a semi-systematic literature review, meta-narratives and themes were identified and used to create theoretical concepts, a framework, and a system map. This research found that …

Aid For Ed: An Analysis Of Rwanda’S 12-Year Basic Education System And Its Relationship With Government-Channeled Aid, Gabriel K. Anzeze

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The field of foreign aid has been widely explored, particularly as relates to economic development of developing states. This paper however delves into the specific utilization of foreign aid within the education sector in Rwanda and the effects it bears not just on the recipient state in general, but also on its financial practices with regard to aid. By exploring trends in financial expenditure by aid agencies and government, it appears that foreign aid does not necessarily influence government budget allocations and this absence of ‘crowding-out’ gives Rwanda an upper hand in managing foreign aid. Education also appears to be …

Integrating Objectification And Social Role Theories: A Proposed Framework For Analyzing Media Objectification Of Female Athletes, Isabella Clemens

Student Publications

Despite the tremendous strides that women have taken in terms of their participation in sports the representation they receive from the media is still lacking. In addition, when they do receive media attention research has found that female professional athletes are more likely to be seen and focused on their appearance rather than their success and capabilities. This is a trend that has been persistent in the sports world. This paper will provide a review of the research by looking at two theories, the objectivation theory, and the social role theory. These theories have helped explain the inequalities that women …

An Implicit Leadership Theory Lens On Leader Humility And Employee Outcomes: Examining Individual And Organizational Contingencies*, Xingyu Wang, Zihan Liu, Xueqi Wen, Qu Xiao

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

An emerging leadership style centered on the moral practice of humility has recently garnered the attention of organizational researchers in the hospitality field. Taken in tandem with the prevailing empirical evidence supporting the various salutary effects of leader humility on employees' job attitudes and moral behaviors, the current set of studies offers an implicit theoretical perspective on leadership that underlines the importance of identifying both individual characteristics and organizational factors that can alter employees' assessments of humble leaders. We propose that employees' assessments of humble leaders' benevolence hinge on the employees' learning goal orientations and their perceptions of informational justice …

Breaking The Chains: The Inverted-U-Shaped Relationship Between Action-State Orientation And Creativity Under Low Job Autonomy, Ronald Bledow, Jana Kühnel, Mengzi Jin, Julius Kuhl

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

When the social fabric of organizations limits individual autonomy, new ideas are needed that satisfy a person’s will as well as the constraints imposed by the social context. To explain when people achieve this synthesis and display creativity under low job autonomy, we examine the influence of their action-state orientation. The theory of action versus state orientation contrasts two responses people display when faced by a situation that conflicts with their will. An actionoriented response entails that people readily disengage from processing the situation and initiate goal-striving, while a state-oriented response entails that people remain focused on the situation. We …

From An Ambivert's Perspective: The Relationships Between Personality Types, Attachment Styles, And Behavioral Tendencies Of Introverts And Extroverts, Andrew Chang

Senior Theses

Over the years, there has been continuous discussion around the idea that extroverts dominate the business workplace over introverts and vice versa. However, depending on the work setting and skillsets needed, it is imperative to realize how certain business practices, personality styles, and relationship approaches are different in every scenario. For this research thesis, the goal was to compare the personality and attachment styles of students who study in two different cultural environments, seeing if there were any apparent relationships between the two variables and student behavioral tendencies. Previous studies have shown that personality, behaviors, and attachment levels can predict …