Organizational Behavior and Theory Commons^™

What Makes An Internationalizing Firm Entrepreneurial?, Daniel R. Clark, Robert J. Pidduck, Nicole E. Coviello

Management Faculty Publications

Zahra et al. (2024) argue that prior research has insufficient understanding of the entrepreneurial nature of internationalization. To address this, they integrate theories from management and international business to develop a firm-level typology that incorporates (1) the degree of radicalness of the firm’s entrepreneurial behavior and (2) the firm’s level of foreign market commitment. We advance these efforts by proposing that, to understand what makes an internationalizing firm entrepreneurial, researchers will also benefit from direct insights from entrepreneurship research. We retain Zahra et al.’s (2024) behavioral focus in our arguments but shift attention to the individuals …

The Motives For Mergers And Acquisitions And Their Implications For Research And Practice, Kris Irwin, Craig Armstrong, Paul Drnevich, Mario Schijven

Management Faculty Publications

Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) have long intrigued scholars given their size, complexity, and frequent failure. Despite an extensive body of research on M&A, a key limitation in M&A research is the lack of focus on the motives underpinning acquisitions, which may explain frequent mixed and inconclusive results. Much of the existing literature struggles to fully capture the complex and multifaceted nature of these motives, limiting the ability to draw consistent conclusions. In this paper, we review academic and practical perspectives on M&A motives, highlighting both discrepancies and methodological challenges. Our key contributions include a comparison of theoretical and practical insights, …

Exploring Coworker Perceptions Of And Reactions To Quiet Quitting, Andrew A. Bennett, Rhett T. Epler, Veronica L. Thomas, Daroon Jalil

Management Faculty Publications

Quiet quitting is a relatively new phenomenon that has quickly caught the attention of both practitioners and academics. With the world of work becoming increasingly interconnected, we contribute to the discourse by approaching quiet quitting from the novel perspective of understanding how others in the workplace perceive those who engage in quiet quitting. To do so, we first provide a formalized definition of quiet quitting and differentiate coworkers' perceptions of quiet quitting from similar psychological constructs (Studies 1–3). We then examine employee responses to coworkers engaging in quiet quitting with a qualitative study (Study 4) and vignette design (Study 5), …

Time And Change: A Meta-Analysis Of Temporal Decisions In Longitudinal Studies, Helen Hailin Zhao, Abbie J. Shipp, Kameron Carter, Erik Gonzalez-Mulé, Erica Xu

Management Faculty Publications

Longitudinal research has grown in popularity in the field of management and organizations. However, the literature has neglected to consider the important ways in which researchers' temporal decisions can influence observed change in longitudinal studies. Researchers must make a set of temporal decisions to capture change, such as the temporal precision of the hypothesized form of change, the selection of a sample that is expected to exhibit the change, the choice of variables to be measured repeatedly, the frequency of measurements, and the time interval between measurements. However, these decisions typically are based on "educated guesses," which makes their effects …

Gender Role Stereotypes And The Work-Life Interface, Alice M. Brawley Newlin, Madalyn L. Filetti

Management Faculty Publications

Analysis of the correspondence between respondents' gender role beliefs and work-life balance; results varied depending on the way gender role beliefs were measured.

Poster presented at or the 14th International Conference on Occupational Stress and Health: Work, Stress, and Health, Miami, FL.

What Has Digital Transformation Changed? A Chinese Case Study Of Hidden Costs Using A Socio-Economic Approach To Management, Tony Huang, Emmanuel Monod, Alan Eisner, Helaine Korn, Yuewei Jiang, Bin Bai, Samuel Wilson

Management Faculty Publications

Digital transformation is regarded as a way to solve business problems in an organisation. However, the impact on the company’s hidden costs should also be more precisely analysed. This research relies on the socio-economic approach to management to describe the impact of digital transformation maturity growth on hidden costs in a Chinese manufacturing company. This paper combines the case study research method with some quantitative techniques by conducting correlation analyses of staff turnover, low-quality work and occupational injuries and diseases. The results indicate that digital transformation maturity growth is correlated with the financial consequences of staff’s excess salary in terms …

A Longitudinal Investigation Of The Kaleidoscope Career Model, Networking Behaviors, And Career Success, John Simmons, Hans-Georg Wolff, Monica L. Forret, Sherry E. Sullivan

Management Faculty Publications

Increased global competition and rapid technological advancements have dramatically altered organizational structures and the work environment. The Kaleidoscope Career Model (KCM) was developed to explain how individuals enact their careers within today's complex, dynamic workplace. The KCM is particularly relevant for studying career development activities, such as networking behavior, a key career management strategy. The purpose of this longitudinal study is to examine the relationship between the three parameters of the KCM – authenticity, balance, and challenge – and how individuals target their networking behavior. In addition, we examine the relationship between the KCM parameters and career success outcomes, …

The Dynamics Of Entrepreneurial Networking Logics: Evidence From United Kingdom High-Tech Start-Ups, Joanne Jin Zhang, Charles Baden-Fuller, Jing Zhang

Management Faculty Publications

Purpose – This study aims to explore how entrepreneurial firms’ networking logics may change under different types of perceived uncertainty. The arrival of new knowledge from the entrepreneurial firm’s network may alter the perceived technology and market uncertainty that in turn determines how the firm adopts or combines the two opposing logics of causation and effectuation. Focusing on the roles of external advisors recruited by the firms, the study probes the details of the cyclical process and the mechanism through which networking logics are altered.

Design/methodology/approach – In this study the authors conducted a 3-year longitudinal multiple case study of …

Culture And Covid-19: Impact Of Cross-Cultural Dimensions On Behavioral Responses, Nisha Nair, Patturaja Selvaraj, Ranjeet Nambudiri

Management Faculty Publications

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has impacted every sphere of human life across all nations of the world. Countries adapted and responded to the crisis in different ways with varied outcomes and different degrees of success in mitigation efforts. Studies have examined institutional and policy-based responses to the pandemic. However, to gain a holistic understanding of the pandemic response strategy and its effectiveness, it is also important to understand the cultural foundations of a society driving its response behavior. Towards that end, this entry focuses on a few key cultural dimensions of difference across countries and proposes that national culture …

Inspiring Cultural Awareness And Developing Cultural Intelligence (Cq), Abeni El-Amin Ph.D.

Management Faculty Publications

The capacity of instructors to inspire cultural awareness and cultural intelligence (CQ) in the classroom provides instructor effectiveness and engages students in the diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging (DEIB) narrative. Specifically, the objective of this conceptual research highlights institutional DEIB and instructional methods in teaching cultural awareness and intelligence (CQ).

The Acquisition Of Capabilities: How Firms Use Dynamic And Ordinary Capabilities To Manage Uncertainty, Kris Irwin, Collin Gilstrap, Paul Drnevich, Manoj Sunny

Management Faculty Publications

How organizations utilize capabilities to achieve competitive advantage and improve performance has received an abundance of scholarly attention. Both ordinary and dynamic capabilities (DC) enable organizations to achieve higher performance when leveraged appropriately and under favorable conditions. The complexity of an organization's motives for why and how different capabilities are acquired drives us further to explore what complementarities organizations might achieve and under what contexts. Specifically, we explore how firms engaging in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) to acquire dynamic and/or ordinary capabilities experience different market reactions and levels of short- and long-run value creation given environmental uncertainty. Our results support …

The “Right” Recipes For Security Culture: A Competing Values Model Perspective, Hwee-Joo Kam, Thoma Mattson, Dan J. Kim

Management Faculty Publications

This study argues that the effect of perceived organizational culture on the formation of security-related subjective norms and the level of compliance pressure will vary based on how the employees perceive their organization’s cultural values. These perceptions reflect on the assumptions and principles that organizations use to guide their security-related behaviors. To make these arguments, we adopt the competing values model (CVM), which is a model used to understand the range of organizational values and resulting cultural archetypes.

The Passion Bug: How And When Do Leaders Inspire Work Passion?, Violet Ho, Marina N. Astakhova

Management Faculty Publications

Drawing from signaling theory, we propose a work passion transfer model where leaders' passion is transmitted to employees through the former's leadership style and is contingent on employees' perceived importance of performance to self-esteem (IPSE). Data from 201 supervisor–employee dyads from the health-care industry show that leaders' harmonious passion led to employees' harmonious passion through charismatic leadership, whereas contingent reward leadership accounted for the transfer of obsessive passion; IPSE did not play a moderating role for either form of passion. Results from a supplementary study further reveal that the link between leadership and employee passion operated through employees' perception of …

Passion At Work: A Meta-Analysis Of Individual Work Outcomes, Jeffrey M. Pollack, Violet Ho, Ernest H. O'Boyle, Bradley L. Kirkman

Management Faculty Publications

Academic research on passion is much more complex than the extant literature or popular press portray. Although research on work-related passion has progressed rapidly over the last decade, much remains unknown. We are now just beginning to recognize the different theoretical underpinnings and empirical operationalizations that work passion research has adopted, and the confusion this has generated hampers our understanding of the construct and its relationship to workplace outcomes. Accordingly, we use a meta-analytic examination to study the work-related outcomes of three dominant literature streams of work passion: general passion, dualistic passion (i.e., harmonious passion and obsessive passion), and role-based …

Values-Based Rivalry: A Theoretical Framework Of Rivalry Between Activists And Firms, Theodore L. Waldron, Chad Navis, Olivia Aronson, Jeffrey G. York, Desiree F. Pacheco

Management Faculty Publications

In this article we develop a theoretical framework to explain values-based rivalry between activists and firms by integrating and advancing key insights from competitive dynamics and social activist research. The first part of our framework conceptualizes the unique tensions, actions, and responses that characterize values-based rivalry and distinguish it from rivalry between firms. The second part of our framework conceptualizes the role of managers’ perceptions in shaping their firms’ likelihood of responding to activists’ actions during values-based rivalry. Overall, our conceptualization primarily expands competitive dynamics research to account for rivalry between dissimilar actors and, in doing so, broadens social activist …

All Of The Above?: An Examination Of Overlapping Organizational Climates, Alice M. Brawley Newlin, Cynthia L.S. Pury

Management Faculty Publications

We examined the largely unexplored issue of strong associations between multiple specific climates (e.g., for safety and for service). Given that workplaces are likely to have more than one specific climate present, it is important to understand how and why these perceptions overlap. Individual ratings (i.e., at the psychological climate level) for seven specific climates and a general positive climate were obtained from 353 MTurk Workers employed in various industries. We first observed strong correlations among a larger set of specific climates than typically studied: climates for collaboration, communication, fair treatment, fear, safety, service, and work-life balance were all strongly …

Big Data Techniques And Talent Management: Recommendations For Organizations And A Research Agenda For I-O Psychologists, Michael C. Campion, Michael A. Campion, Emily D. Campion

Management Faculty Publications

Big data and its applicability to talent management (TM) as defined by Rotolo et al. (2018) has already been recognized by many outside the field of I-O psychology. The market is beginning to include offerings from vendors for products that use some combination of big data techniques to process vast amounts of data or previously unanalyzable data, which they claim will improve components of TM for organizations. Unfortunately, as noted in the focal article, this “frontier” issue makes it difficult for organizations to separate the wheat from the chaff. Further, with few exceptions, I-O psychology is just beginning …

How Applying Instrumental Stakeholder Theory Can Provide Sustainable Competitive Advantage, Thomas M. Jones, Jeffrey S. Harrison, Will Felps

Management Faculty Publications

Instrumental stakeholder theory considers the performance consequences for firms of highly ethical relationships with stakeholders, characterized by high levels of trust, cooperation, and information sharing. While research suggests performance benefits, an obvious question remains: If instrumental stakeholder theory–based stakeholder treatment is so valuable, why isn’t it the dominant mode of relating to stakeholders? We argue that the existing instrumental stakeholder theory literature has three shortcomings that limit its ability to explain variance in performance. (1) Little theory exists around how instrumental stakeholder theory–based stakeholder management could provide sustainable competitive advantage. (2) The literature has largely neglected the potential downsides (i.e., …

The Impact Of Duty Cycle Workflow On Sign-Out Practices: A Qualitative Study Of An Internal Medicine Residency Program In Maryland, Usa, Soo-Hoon Lee, Sanjay V. Desai, Philip H. Phan

Management Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: Although JCAHO requires a standardised approach to handoffs, and while many standardised protocols have been tested, sign-out practices continue to vary. We believe this is due to the variability in workflow during inpatient duty cycle. We investigate the impact of such workflows on intern sign-out practices.

DESIGN: We employed a prospective, grounded theory mixed-method design.

SETTING: The study was conducted at a residency programme in the mid-Atlantic USA. Two observers randomly evaluated three types of daily sign-outs for 1 week every 3 months from September 2013 to March 2014. The compliance of each observed behaviour to JCAHO's Handoff Communication …

Department Chairs As Leaders: A Model Of Social Intelligence And Creative Performance In A State University, Afzal Rahim, Ismail Civelek, Feng Helen Liang

Management Faculty Publications

This study presents a structural equations model that represents relationships between department chairs’ social intelligence (SI) and their creative performance (CP) at a public university in the United States. SI was defined as the ability to be aware of relevant social situations, to manage situational challenges effectively, to understand others’ concerns and feelings, and to build and maintain positive relationships in social settings. Four components of SI were examined: situational awareness, situational response, cognitive empathy, and social skills. The model was tested with questionnaire data from 406 faculty members belonging to 43 departments in a state university. The data analyses …

Retaliating Against Customer Interpersonal Injustice In A Singaporean Context: Moderating Roles Of Self-Efficacy And Social Support, Violet Ho, Naina Gupta

Management Faculty Publications

Few studies have examined the relationship between customer injustice and employees' retaliatory counterproductive behaviors toward customers, and those that have done so have been conducted in a Western setting. We extend these studies by examining the relationship in a Singaporean context where retaliatory behaviors by employees might be culturally constrained. While the previously established positive relationship between customer injustice and counterproductive behaviors was not replicated using peer-reported data from employees across two hotels in Singapore, we found that individuals' self-efficacy and perceived social support moderated it. Specifically, the injustice-to-counterproductive behaviors relationship was positive for individuals with high self-efficacy, and for …

A Social Connection Approach To Corporate Responsibility: The Case Of The Fast-Food Industry And Obesity, Judith Schrempf-Stirling

Management Faculty Publications

Corporate responsibility for consumption-related issues has been on the business ethics agenda for several decades. However, some recent consumption-related issues, such as obesity, differ qualitatively from the traditional product liability cases. This study proposes an alternative responsibility concept, referred to as the social connection corporate responsibility (CR). A detailed conceptualization of a social connection CR is presented and subsequently contrasted with the liability approach to CR. Then, a social connection logic to the case of obesity is applied followed by an examination of how fast-food chains are socially connected to obesity, and of what kind of responsibilities such a …

Coworker Mistreatment In A Singaporean Chinese Firm: The Roles Of Third-Party Embeddedness And Network Closure, Violet Ho

Management Faculty Publications

This study integrates research in social networks and interpersonal counterproductive behaviors to examine the role of third-party relationships in predicting an individual’s susceptibility to coworker mistreatment, and in moderating the relationship between coworker mistreatment and job performance. Third-party embeddedness and network closure are examined in the formal workflow network and the informal liking network. Results obtained from employees in a family-owned Chinese business in Singapore indicate that an individual is more likely to be mistreated by a coworker when both parties are strongly embedded in mutual third-party relationships in the workflow network, and that the individual is less likely to …

Interpersonal Counterproductive Work Behaviors: Distinguishing Between Person-Focused Versus Task-Focused Behaviors And Their Antecedents, Violet Ho

Management Faculty Publications

Purpose – This study proposes a nuanced perspective for conceptualizing interpersonal counterproductive work behaviors (ICWBs) by distinguishing them into behaviors that hinder other workers’ task performance (task-focused ICWBs), and those that are personal in nature (person-focused ICWBs). A relational stress perspective is adopted to examine work-based dependence relational stressor and negative-affect relational stressor as predictors of each category of behavior, with trait competitiveness as a moderator.

Design/methodology/approach – Deductive and inductive approaches were used to generate items measuring each type of ICWBs, and the two-factor ICWB structure was validated using data from 136 respondents. Data from a different sample of …

Testing An Empathy Model Of Guest-Directed Citizenship And Counterproductive Behaviours In The Hospitality Industry: Findings From Three Hotels, Violet Ho, Naina Gupta

Management Faculty Publications

This research proposes and tests an empathy model of guest-directed discretionary behaviors (i.e., citizenship and counterproductive behaviors) using two studies conducted in three hotels. Building on the two-stage model of empathic mediation, we examined the mediating role of empathic concern in the relationship between perspective taking and both forms of discretionary behaviors in Study 1. Support for this mediated model was found in relation to citizenship behaviors but not for counterproductive behaviors. Study 2 was conducted to extend these findings using peer-reports of discretionary behaviors, and to apply an interactional psychology perspective to predict guest-directed counterproductive behaviors. We drew upon …

Project Globe: Global Leadership And Organizational Behavior Education, Marcus Dickson, Ariel M. Lelchook, Mary Sully De Luque, Paul Hanges

Management Faculty Publications

Book chapter focusing on using information from Project GLOBE (global leadership and organizational behavior effectiveness) to teach leadership in a global context.

The Second Glass Ceiling Impedes Women Entrepreneurs, Douglas A. Bosse, Porcher L. Taylor Iii

Management Faculty Publications

The glass ceiling phenomenon that impedes the advancement of talented women professionals into senior executive roles inside large corporations is widely recognized in society, studied in the management literature, taught in business schools, and tangibly felt by many women executives. Outside the corporate setting, we show that a second glass ceiling exists for women entrepreneurs and women small business owners. This second glass ceiling is a gender bias that obstructs women-owned small firms from accessing the financial capital required to start new firms and fuel the growth of existing firms. This paper (1) defines the second glass ceiling phenomenon, (2) …

Knowledge Accumulation And Dissemination In Mnes: A Practice-Based Framework, Stephen Tallman, Aya S. Chacar

Management Faculty Publications

Much has been written on the importance of knowledge accumulation and transfer within the network firm but two questions remain. First, what are the specifics of this process, particularly for high tacit content knowledge? Second, how can firms create a sustainable competitive advantage from knowledge acquired from outside the firm? We address the first question by proposing that the mechanisms of external knowledge capture and internal knowledge transfer can best be understood and studied not at the level of networked subsidiary firms, but at the micro-organizational level of Communities of Practice (CoPs). We then offer a model of the dynamics …

What Level Of Analysis Is Most Salient For A Global Theory Of Corporate Governance?, William Q. Judge

Management Faculty Publications

W e have five rigorous and relevant new comparative corporate governance studies in this issue. Each of these studies contributes to our journal’s overarching mission of moving toward a rigorous and relevant theory of corporate governance that can be meaningfully applied throughout the world. In this editorial, I would like to focus on the multiple levels of analysis involved with arriving at a global theory.

Globalization Of Chinese Firms: Theoretical Universalism Or Particularism, Ilan Alon, John Child, Shaomin Li, John R. Mcintyre

Management Faculty Publications

Research on the globalization of Chinese and other emerging markets' companies has only just begun and is on the verge of taking off. As it does so, additional thought should be given to the ontological and epistemological underpinnings of the theories attempting to capture the phenomenon. Should Western-centric theory prevail? Be adapted? Or abandoned in favour of new indigenous approaches to theorizing, based on context? Finally, should the context itself be the basis of theorizing? While the debate will not stop here, the future may hold a multiplicity of approaches, both indigenous and internationalized, for explaining emerging markets' contexts and, …