Philosophy Commons^™

Heidegger And The Origin Of Authenticity, John J. Preston

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Since the publication of Sein und Zeit in 1927, scholars have coupled Martin Heidegger’s reflections on authenticity with a rich tradition of thought which reminds us that philosophy can, from time to time, function as a catalyst for self-discovery. While this function is an undeniable feature of Heideggerian authenticity, I would like to suggest that it is secondary to the role that authenticity plays in Heidegger’s philosophical investigations. By analyzing the full phenomena of authenticity and tracing its first technical uses back to Heidegger’s early lectures on Aristotle, I show that Heidegger’s methodological breakthrough in the early 1920s, the development …

Why Asking The Question Of Being Still Remains A Question For Our Time, RóIsíN Lally

Leadership Studies Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The "Roaring Flame": Pursuing Thymos In Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart, Samrand Avestan, Owen G. Mordaunt

International Dialogue

Drawing principally from Francis Fukuyama’s (1952–) conception of thymos, this article focuses on exploring Okonkwo’s desire and his rigid personality in Chinua Achebe’s (1930–2013) magnum opus titled Things Fall Apart (1958). This paper hopes to prove how Achebe’s most famous character, Okonkwo, attempts to gratify his thymos which is described as a ‘desire for recognition’. Consistent with Fukuyama’s notion, this research examines how Okonkwo struggles to gain his thymos in confrontation with Ibo people and how his thymos-driven emotions incite him to reject the white colonists’ dominance in the fictional clan of Umuofia in Iboland. Therefore, we argue why Okonkwo’s …

Notes From The Editor: Volume 12, Rory J. Conces Prof.

International Dialogue

No abstract provided.

Divided Memories About Building Peace In Chechnya (1995-2004), Cécile Druey

International Dialogue

The conflicts in and around Chechnya are intractable, with a perceived impossibility to find a negotiated solution. This paper focuses on the hostage crises of Budennovsk (1995) and Beslan (2004) which are episodes from the two Chechnya Wars and had an important impact on their further course. Based on the memories of key actors representing specific sides of the conflict, the paper identifies and contextualizes diverging approaches to negotiations and conflict settlement. Conceptual support for this analysis of open-source materials is provided by the theoretical literature on “ripeness” and “readiness” as conditions for the initiation and successful conduction of negotiations. …

Table Of Contents, Rory J. Conces Prof.

International Dialogue

No abstract provided.

Disorder In Heaven And On Earth: Heaven In Disorder Slavoj Žižek. Or Books, New York And London, 2021. Pp. 240., Edward Sankowski, Betty J. Harris

International Dialogue

This essay examines three main aspects of Slavoj Žižek’s book. Beyond interpretation, we also aim for a constructive account of what novel insights might emerge from critically examining Žižek’s efforts in this book. (1) One aspect of his text is his continuing insistence on the goal of a newly re-conceived Communism, so named, e.g., in remarks about ecological threats (65) and in the concluding section, “Why I Am Still A Communist” (212; 218). Žižek’s goal is Communism, but supposedly not the authoritarian variety of communism that emerged in the twentieth century (213). In Žižek’s view, Communism must be invented to …

Levinas, Adorno, And The Ethics Of The Material Other By Eric Nelson, Suny Press, 2020 Pp. 480, Emilia Angelova, Curtis Hutt, Leah Klmanson, Eric Nelson

International Dialogue

This is a number of reviews and responses to Eric S. Nelson's Levinas, Adorno, and the Ethics of Materials Other (2020) SUNY Press. This includes:

The Relation of the Ethics of the Material Other to the Rights of the Stranger by Emilia Angelova

Nelson's Defense of Asymmetrical Ethics: On Religion and Human Rights by Curtis Hutt

On Nelson and East Asian Philosophies by Leah Kalmanson

Author Response: The Ethics of the Material Other and the Right of the Other by Eric S. Nelson

Becoming Human: A Theory Of Ontogeny Michael Tomasello. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2019 Pp. 392., Benjamin Gregg

International Dialogue

No philosophical question is older than What are we, we humans? Michael Tomasello contributes a splendid, empirically based answer to this hoary debate in Becoming Human, with a programmatic subtitle, A Theory of Ontogeny. We humans are an evolved organism with a capacity to create culture only by means of which we can realize aspects of our biological selves—and just as our biology can realize aspects of our cultural selves. That is, our biology evolved in ways that released in us capacities for “culture” that, in turn, released in us biologically relevant capacities, with “enormous and cascading phenotypic effects”—but effects …

Working With English Grammar: An Introduction Louis Cummings New York: Cambridge University Press, 2018, 372 Pp., Owen G. Mordaunt

International Dialogue

The purpose of this book is to give an introduction of the grammar of the English language to students with little or no knowledge or no prior knowledge of English grammar. It could be part of a linguistics program and could include students working toward a TEFL/TESOL degree or even those students working towards certificates in these areas. It could also be suitable for students in Advanced Placement in the U.S. and Advanced Levels elsewhere. In addition, this text could be useful to those who need to increase their knowledge of English grammar, be they professionals, writers, editors, teachers, speech …

Through The Library: A Study Of The Importance Of Women In Philosophy, Isabell A. Bowling

Theology Undergraduate Work

While researching women, this author found that a large portion of philosophical writings didn’t meet the academic and theological standards set forth. The desire was to find writings about the philosophy of women as a separate gender with Christ at the center of the musings. With this in mind, Through the Library was imagined. It begins with a short story, wherein the main character, Darius, has a crisis of confidence and falls asleep in a library. He dreams a conversation with Lady Wisdom, who gives him philosophical ideas on women in regard to motherhood, success, and God. Then, the paper …

Structures Of Loyalty: A Comparative Study Of Jewish And Palestinian Evangelicals' Acquiescence To Fundamentalist And Authoritarian Values, Anders P. Lundberg, Kristian Steiner

International Dialogue

This is a qualitative comparative study of two evangelical movements in Israel and in the West Bank: the Israeli Messianic (IM) movement and the Palestinian Evangelical (PE) movement. Through interviews on how informants understand the Middle Eastern conflict, our aim is (1) to compare the prevalence of fundamentalist/authoritarian (F/A) values in the IM and PE movements and (2) to understand how a particular socio-political context —Israel and the West Bank—might affect the acquiescence to a F/A mindset amongst the two movements. To accomplish this, we created a F/A construct that measures five values: literalism, social withdrawal, authoritarian aggression, authoritarian submission, …

Let's Not Do Responsibility Skepticism, Ken M. Levy

Journal Articles

I argue for three conclusions. First, responsibility skeptics are committed to the position that the criminal justice system should adopt a universal nonresponsibility excuse. Second, a universal nonresponsibility excuse would diminish some of our most deeply held values, further dehumanize criminal, exacerbate mass incarcerations, and cause an even greater number of innocent people (nonwrongdoers) to be punished. Third, while Saul Smilansky's 'illusionist' response to responsibility skeptics - that even if responsibility skepticism is correct, society should maintain a responsibility-realist/retributivist criminal justice system - is generally compelling, it would not work if a majority of society were to convert, theoretically and …

Logic, Co-Ordination And The Envelope Of Our Beliefs, Rohit J. Parikh

Publications and Research

Each of us has a story which we can think of as a set of beliefs, hopefully consistent. We make our decisions in view of our beliefs which may be probabilistic, in the general case, but simple yes or no as in this paper. Our beliefs are our envelope just as the shell of a tortoise is its envelope.

Decision theory - or single agent game theory tells us when to make the best choice in a game of us against nature. But nature has no desire to further or frustrate our efforts. Nature is mysterious but not malign.

Things …

Warisan Dan Modernitas Perspektif Al-Jabiri: Problema Dasar Pengkajian Islam Kontemporer, Andrian Andrian, Yusdani Yusdani

Multikultura

Persoalan umat Islam saat ini sangat tertinggal karena ketidakmanpuan mereka untuk memaknai warisan dan modernitas. Seiring berkembangnya sebuah zaman di era Islam, warisan dan modernitas terkait pemikirannya juga ikut andil dalam perkembangan tersebut. Banyak dari para tokoh yang sudah memberikan sebuah solusi untuk masalah yang terjadi saat ini, salah satunya yaitu Muhammad Abied al-Jabiri. Beliau adalah seorang pemikir yang berusaha untuk menjawab masalah kontemporer saat ini dengan tawaran-tawaran yang ingin dia berikan terhadap masyarakat. Dalam penelitian ini akan mengkaji bagaimana pentingnya sebuah warisan dan modernitas untuk menjawab sebuah problematika di Islam kontemporer saat ini. Metode dalam penulisan ini adalah deskriptif …

Keteladanan Dan Gagasan Wahid Hasyim: Analisis Pemikiran, Kepemimpinan Politik Dan Pembaharu Pendidikan Islam, Albar Rahman, Junanah Junanah

Multikultura

Wahid Hasyim sebagai tokoh besar Republik ini perlu mendapakan perhatian dalam kajian ketokohan bangsa. Sangat jarang yang mengkaji beliau secara spesifik, sejatinya pada aspek kepemimpinan politik dan kontribusi beliau sebagai pemabaharu dunia pendidikan Islam di Indonesia sangatlah signifikan untuk dikaji lebih jauh. Untuknya penelitian ini akan membahas dan mengkaji Wahid Hasyim dari aspek keteladanan dan gagasan beliau baik dalam kepemimpinan politik, juga sebagai tokoh Islam yang signifikan memberikan dampak pada pendidikan Islam baik bagi pesantren hingga universitas. Pendekatan kajian ini ialah kajian kepustakaan dengan mengkses berbagai bacaan untuk menarik analisa lebih jauh terkait wahid Hasyim.

Konsumsi Dan Regulasi Ganja Di Prancis Masa Emmanuel Macron, Diella Amanda Nasution,, Airin Miranda

Multikultura

Sejak pertama kali dinyatakan ilegal melalui la loi n° 70-1320 du 31 décembre 1970, kebijakan pemerintah Prancis terhadap ganja tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan. Menurut Ledsom (2019), Prancis merupakan salah satu negara dengan hukuman paling berat untuk penggunaan ganja di Eropa. Namun, meskipun memiliki hukum yang berat, Prancis merupakan salah satu negara dengan persentase konsumen ganja tertinggi di Eropa. Hasil survei populasi umum yang dilakukan oleh Santé Publique France dan OFDT menunjukkan bahwa ganja merupakan psikoaktif terlarang yang paling banyak digunakan di Prancis dan difusi ganja di Prancis terus meningkat sejak diberlakukannya kebijakan pelarangan tersebut. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai …

Multikulturalisme Di Asia Tenggara: Suatu Tinjauan Awal, Yuda B. Tangkilisan

Multikultura

Dewasa ini, Multikulturalisme sudah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan kita sehari-hari. Hal itu karena kemajuan teknologi informasi ketika jarak sosial jauh lebih dekat dengan komunikasi multimedia. Multikulturalisme adalah istilah yang memiliki lebih dari satu makna dan ruang lingkup. Ini memiliki rentang makna mulai dari konsep, sikap, jenis pendidikan, studi hingga politik atau kebijakan publik. Tulisan ini membahas tentang multikulturalisme di Asia Tenggara, dari perspektif multidimensi historis, yang didasarkan pada sumber-sumber tertulis sekunder sebagai studi pendahuluan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa konteks masalah, yaitu intra-, antar negara dan lingkup ASEAN. Konflik sosial, etnis dan budaya memiliki akar sejarah kolonialisme dan imperialisme barat …

Waseda Boys Sebagai Agen Promosi Pariwisata Jepang Melalui Vlog Perjalanan Wisata Pada Kanal Youtube Nihongo Mantappu, Galuh Nurfaizah Novriainiah Lessy, Didit Dwi Subagio

Multikultura

Pada tahun 2021 We Are Social mengumumkan bahwa YouTube telah menjadi media sosial teraktif di Indonesia. Pada platform YouTube, semua orang dapat mengakses dan membagikan berbagai informasi melalui unggahan dari kanal pilihan mereka. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran tentang bagaimana pengaruh vlog perjalanan wisata Waseda Boys pada kanal YouTube Nihongo Mantappu terhadap para penontonnya. Kunci utamanya terletak pada kekuatan personal branding Waseda Boys sebagai Vlogger dan YouTuber di kanal YouTube Nihongo Mantappu yang memiliki ciri khas serta mampu mempegaruhi penonton dan pengikutnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan melalukan survei melalui kuesioner dan analisis tekstual dari data respon penonton vlog …

Apresiasi Dan Makna Kisah Mahabharata Dalam Masyarakat Jawa Kuno, Agus Aris Munandar

Multikultura

Kajian ini membahas tentang kisah Mahabharata yang diapresiasi oleh masyarakat Jawa Kuno dalam abad ke-8—15 M. Bentuk apresiasi tersebut berupa karya sastra, penggambaran relief di candi-candi, dan juga beberapa tokoh dalam Mahabharata yang diarcakan. Kisah Mahabharata lebih populer daripada kisah Ramayana, uraiannya pun lebih luas, sekedar perbandingan beberapa data tentang kedua kisah itu adalah: Dewa utama yang dipuja dalam Ramayana ialah Visnu, sedangkan dalam Mahabharata adalah Siva Mahadeva, Ramayana mempunyai 7 kanda (jilid), sedangkan Mahabharata terdiri dari 18 parwa (bagian kisah), dalam Ramayana adanya tokoh hewan yang berperang, sedangkan dalam Mahabharata sepenuhnya tokoh-tokoh manusia. Setelah dilakukan telaah terhadap uraian kisah …

Kosmologi Masyarakat Minangkabau Melalui Kearifan Lokal Rimbo Larangan Untuk Konservasi Lingkungan, Rika Febriani, Siti Murtinigsih

Multikultura

Manusia dan alam merupakan dua komponen yang tidak terpisahkan. Keduanya adalah suatu jalinan yang terhubung dengan cara yang kompleks. Krisis lingkungan menjadi ancaman yang cukup nyata pada saat ini. Berbagai fenomena alam seperti: musim panas dan hujan yang datang tidak teratur merupakan contoh bahwa terjadi ketidakseimbangan di alam. Artikel ini berargumentasi bahwa pengetahuan dan yang dimiliki oleh suatu kelompok masyarakat dapat membantu pelestarian lingkungan di daerah tersebut. Hal ini disebabkan jaringan sosial menghasilkan sejumlah pengetahuan bersama antara manusia dan alam dapat membentuk cara hidup suatu kelompok masyarakat. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan melakukan telaah literatur, …

Fenomena Cancel Culture Dalam Industri Hiburan Tiongkok, Kintara Ayudarma, R. Tuty Nur Mutia Enoch Muas

Multikultura

Cancel Culture atau dikenal sebagai aksi boikot merupakan fenomena memboikot seseorang akibat mengucapkan atau melakukan tindakan yang bertentangan dengan hukum dan norma yang ada di masyarakat. Aksi boikot ini banyak terjadi di media sosial dan mayoritas menargetkan publik figur khususnya seorang selebriti. Fenomena Cancel Culture ramai terjadi di berbagai negara, termasuk di Tiongkok. Artikel ini membahas tentang pemanfaatan fenomena Cancel Culture oleh pemerintah Tiongkok untuk mengendalikan industri hiburan dan dampaknya bagi perkembangan industri hiburan di Tiongkok. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan budaya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi pustaka, bersumber dari buku-buku, jurnal ilmiah, pemberitaan, dan …

Kritik Ibnu Rusyd Atas Konsep Emanasi Ibnu Sina Dalam Filsafat Islam, Aghnia Salsabila, Naupal Asnawi

Multikultura

Filsafat Islam berawal dari usaha penerjemahan teks filsafat Yunani atas dasar kebutuhan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan. Adalah Ibn Sina, salah satu filsuf muslim mengelaborasikan konsep emanasi Neoplatonisme sebagai usaha validasi konsep ketuhanan dalam Islam Namun, terjadi percampuran teks ajaran Aristoteles dengan ajaran Neoplatonisme. Kemudian, kritik dari Ibnu Rusyd meluruskan kembali ajaran Aristoteles dari pengaruh orang ketiga, termasuk konsep emanasi dari Ibnu Sina. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif: melakukan deskripsi dan analisis atas tulisan/komentar atas pemikiran Ibn Sina dan Ibn Rusyd. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah kritik Ibnu Rusyd berperan 1) menjelaskan adanya percampuran konsep Aristoteles dan Neoplatonisme, 2) menjelaskan …

Speculative Realism And Systems Metaphysics, Martin Zwick

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

Recent developments in Continental philosophy have included emergence of a school of “speculative realism” which rejects the human-centered orientation that has long dominated Continental thought, but also opposes naïve realism or positivism. Proponents of speculative realism differ on several issues, but most agree on the need for an object-oriented ontology. Speculative realists who draw upon Marxist thought identify realism with materialism, while others accord equal reality to objects that are non-material, even fictional. Several thinkers retain a focus on difference, a well-established theme in Continental thought. This paper looks at speculative realism from the perspective of the metaphysics of systems …

The Emergence Of Dilemmas Of Consciousness: Resolving The Hard Problem And Explanatory Gap, Gabriel Hull

Psychology Student Research

I propose a resolution to the hard problem of consciousness, the mind-body problem, and the explanatory gap. I set forth conditions that may lead an organism or system to develop dilemmas that correspond directly to our dilemmas of consciousness. I also describe a hypothetical state-machine with the capacity to develop both these dilemmas and related concepts. Since the only objective properties of consciousness are its attendant dilemmas and adjacent concepts, the system serves to resolve the hard problem of consciousness.

Tiempo Y Gubernamentalidad: Aproximaciones Al Gobierno Del Tiempo En El Neoliberalismo, Edwin Alexander Hernández Zapata, Mauricio Hernando Bedoya Hernández

The Qualitative Report

En este trabajo problematizamos los diagnósticos sobre gubernamentalidad neoliberal, analizando las formas en que hoy son dirigidas las conductas de los sujetos con base en ritmos caracterizados por la velocidad, el presentismo y la competencia. Estudiar estas formas marcan un precedente para el abordaje de los procesos de subjetivación contemporánea a partir de la analítica de la temporalidad. Así, la pregunta de investigación que guía este trabajo es la siguiente: ¿Cómo los diagnósticos sobre la racionalidad neoliberal describen la experiencia del tiempo que tienen los sujetos contemporáneos? Utilizamos el método histórico crítico, específicamente lo que Foucault denominó ontología del presente, …

A Virtue-Ethical Approach To Cultured Meat, Carlo Alvaro

Publications and Research

The proposed benefits of cultured meat fail to track our moral intuitions because they are focused on the practical aspect of cultured meat production and consumption. A virtue-oriented approach can show cultured meat in a different light.

On Probabilistic Reasoning Of Actual Causation, Jingzhi Fang

Lingnan Theses (MPhil & PhD)

Probabilistic actual causation is a theory about actual causal relations in probabilistic scenarios. Compared with general (or type) causal connections, actual (or token, singular) causation involves specific and actual events occurring in a particular time and space. Halpern and Pearl proposed three mathematical definitions on actual causation via structural equation models (or causal models). Fenton-Glynn extended one of their definitions into a probabilistic version by following the probability-raising principle in the tradition of theorizing about probabilistic causation. The basic idea of this principle is that a cause shall raise the probability of its effect. He adopted interventional probabilities to analyse …

Potentiality, Resistance And Bare Life: Giorgio Agamben On Melville’S Bartleby, Yanjun Wang, Yaping Wang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The idea of potentiality runs through Giorgio Agamben’s political philosophy. In his analysis of Herman Melville’s Bartleby, the Scrivener, Agamben thoroughly interprets potentiality and bare life through Bartleby’s “I prefer not to”. Agamben believes that Bartleby’s inoperativeness is the highest form of resistance, which exists as pure potentiality against the power apparatuses in modern society. Agamben considers Bartleby’s inoperativeness as the exact way to redeem bare life in modern society, where the state of exception already becomes normality. This article starts with Agamben’s reading of Bartley, focuses on potentiality, resistance and bare life to analyze the pure and thorough way …

Does Integrated Information Theory Make Testable Predictions About The Role Of Silent Neurons In Consciousness?, Gary Bartlett

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Arts and Humanities

Tononi et al. claim that their integrated information theory of consciousness makes testable predictions. This article discusses two of the more startling predictions, which follow from the theory’s claim that conscious experiences are generated by inactive as well as active neurons. The first prediction is that a subject’s conscious experience at a time can be affected by the disabling of neurons that were already inactive at that time. The second is that even if a subject’s entire brain is “silent,” meaning that all of its neurons are inactive (but not disabled), the subject can still have a conscious experience. …