Philosophy Commons^™

The "Therapeutic Relationship:" Emergence, Eclipse, And Transformations Of A Social Technology., Ulrich Koch

Clinical Research and Leadership Faculty Publications

This essay situates the history of "the relationship" as a therapeutic technology within the broader context of changing social relations in the twentieth-century United States. More specifically, it outlines the emergence and subsequent diffusion of practices that aim to cultivate a social bond between therapist and patient that may serve as a psychotherapeutic tool. The article highlights the transformations of this technology as its institutional and epistemic foundations became challenged. Initially conceived as an "artificial" social relation designed to help with "personal adjustment," the therapeutic relationship was soon also deployed by non-experts and became a model for more healthful social …

Assessing The Damage: Moral Realism And The Evolutionary Debunking Argument, Olivia Denton

Honors Theses

For millennia, prominent thinkers have believed that moral sentiments were the recognition of external, objective truths, be they of divine, Platonic, or natural origin. Now the challenge is to find any objective tether at all for our evaluative judgements. The theory of evolution’s encroachment on metaethics is practically as old as Charles Darwin himself, but the more evolved version of this attack on the justification for moral realism (the position that avers the existence of objective moral truths and that we can know at least some of them) comes in the form of Evolutionary Debunking Arguments (EDAs). The (specifically, materialist) …

Development Of The Payment Systems: An Economic Need Or A Technological Deed, Heba Mekawy

Future Journal of Social Science

This paper is mainly concerned with showing most of the economic aspects related to both banking transactions, payments, and eventually the payment systems and their development. The economic aspects are discussed on both the macroeconomic and the microeconomic one as well. The discussion in the paper also covers the economic implications of the payment systems and the economic rationale behind their development. The paper has concluded that the economic need of the financial market is the main driver behind the development of payment systems. They also serve as outcomes concerning the well-functioning of the financial market. Thus, the technological development …

Proposed Alternatives To Decrease Private Tutoring In Egyptian Pre-University Education, Fatemah Abdel-Razek

Future Journal of Social Science

Private tutoring continues to exist in Egypt, even though it has been officially banned by the 2016 ministerial decree No. 53 and the 2018 ministerial decree No. 714. The current research reviews the relevant literature, provides a background on private tutoring, analyzes the current policy for dealing with private tutoring in Egypt, and it proposes three policy alternatives for decreasing private tutoring in Egyptian pre-university education. These alternatives are turning most educational curricula into educational games, lengthening the school day, and returning extra-curricular activities to Egyptian schools. These policy options are evaluated based on the criteria of equity and fairness, …

The Impact Of Ethnic Groups On National Security, Seham Fawzi

Future Journal of Social Science

Ethnic diversity in and of itself does not negatively affect national security. The threat it imposes to national security is a result of many factors combined with political opportunity that fundamental changes occurring in the political system exploited by ethnic and sectarian groups trying to change the political system to their advantage. Many factors such as political, historical, economic, social, cultural, environmental, and psychological factors may lead ethnic groups to rebel and impose threats to the national states of any country especially developing countries.

Hawthorne’S Human Nature And Sin: Criticisms Of Puritanism And Progressivism, Oscar Martinez

Theses and Dissertations

One of America’s greatest authors, Nathaniel Hawthorne lived in a time of rapid scientific, material, and intellectual advancement. However, unlike many of his peers who went all-in on utopian reform movements, Hawthorne took a cautious and reserved approach to progress even though he supported the idea abstractly. Using six tales written acrossHawthorne’s career, this work will examine what each has to say about Hawthorne’s belief in human nature and why he takes such a skeptical position against movements aiming to fundamentally reshape people and society. The tales from the 1830s, “The Gentle Boy,” “Young Goodman Brown,” and “The Minister’s Black …

Reshaping Aesthetics And Aesthetic Sensibility In A Hybrid Environment, Aleksandra Łukaszewicz, Jakub Petri

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

The contemporary environment in developed countries is highly urbanized and technologized. It is not only physical but also virtual, created with the use of cyber-techniques and the internet. The two layers of the environment are: the physical places, persons, objects, etc., and the virtual – electronically-emerged places, persons, and objects, etc. Therefore, it is correct to overcome the enforced conceptual dualism between what is virtual and what is physical, as proposed by Michal Ostrowicki (aka Sidey Myoo) in calling for the recognition of the hybrid status of reality, by pointing to symbiosis within the context of lived experience. This raises …

Living Aesthetics In China: Aesthetics As A New Direction, Liu Yuedi

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

Living Aesthetics (生活美学, Sheng-huo-mei-xue) is a popular key term in Chinese society and culture today. The aestheticization of living, originally rooted in Chinese soil, is authentic Chinese wisdom and now is being fully revitalized. Confucian aesthetics can be classified as Living Aesthetics, one based on emotion/feeling (qing). The philosophical interpretation of Confucianism from the viewpoint of Living Aesthetics can be better explained in its original context. In Confucius’s time, the unity of rites (li) and music (yue) were the backbone of Confucian aesthetics. But with the gradual decline of music in Chinese history, this …

Decoloniality, Identity, And Aesthetic Publicity, Monique Roelofs

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

This essay explores how the decolonial practices of Latina poet Alicia Borinsky in Frivolous Women and Other Sinners(2009) and British filmmaker and installation artist Isaac Julien in Lessons of the Hour (2019) occasion open-ended conceptions of the public that engage economic and technological developments in tandem with questions of individual encounters, objects, and values. Their figurations point beyond the domain of aesthesis to a view of aesthetic publicity on which unprecedented social identities emerge through interactions among multiple, often mutually opposed platforms and assemblies. The essay offers working definitions of aesthetic publicity and decolonial aesthetics and continues by scrutinizing …

Place, Race, Gender And Materiality: Bisa Butler Making The Last, First And The First, Last In The Modern Museum, Charles Peterson, A. W. Eaton

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

Bisa Butler is a contemporary artist who creates stunning portraits composed entirely of textiles. In this article, we argue that one significant aspect of Butler’s oeuvre is the way that she deeply entwines the ethico-political and the aesthetic in a beautiful symbiotic partnership. Through a careful examination of her work, her technique, her artistic and museum contexts, and the unknown African American subjects she celebrates, we argue that Butler’s work should be understood as liberatory artistic practice that disrupts hegemonic spaces and ideologies.

Twenty Years Of Contemporary Aesthetics Introduction, Yuriko Saito

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

No abstract provided.

Contemporary Aesthetcis: What's In A Name?, Katherine Higgins

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

Drawing on Ossi Naukkarinen’s analysis of the meaning of “contemporary aesthetics,” this article considers several layers of meaning that make the title of this journal appropriate to its mission. After two decades, the journal is doing much to fulfill the promise of its name.

Going Global: A Cautiously Optimistic Manifesto, Bence Nanay

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

In this article I aim to identify a number of points at which Western[1] aesthetics is atypical in comparison to almost all other aesthetic traditions. If we take the pull of global aesthetics seriously, then we need to be extremely skeptical towards these often unquestioned concepts and assumptions that are unique to the Western aesthetic tradition. I will analyze eight such assumptions: (1) the primacy of judgment, (2) the primacy of beauty, (3), the primacy of aesthetic properties, (4) the primacy of aesthetic contexts and situations, (5) the primacy of objects, (6) the underappreciation of social aspects of aesthetic engagement, …

A Big Disenchantment, Wolfgang Welsch

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

For millennia, aesthetic activities were expected to improve the world and ourselves. Aesthetics was to hone humanity. We find this conviction in Antiquity, in the Middle Ages, in the Renaissance, and throughout Modern Times and Modernity, from Plato via Leonardo da Vinci and Schiller to Dewey and Rorty. But this expectation is being harshly falsified in the present time. We are indeed aestheticizing everything through and through. But in the vast majority of cases, the result is not aesthetic improvement but mediocrity and monotony. Aestheticization today is an engine of misery. The discipline of aesthetics should resolutely criticize and counter …

Computers And The Moral Imagination, James Addington

Augsburg Honors Review

In this paper I want to look more closely at the relationship between new tools and historical challenges that threaten social well being and see human responses. My focus will be the technology which has come to symbolize, most characteristically, the last third of the twentieth century: computer technology. In order to discuss the impact of this I technology and its application to present challenges, it will be necessary to explore briefly some secondary themes: 1) the common sense of our age; 2) the meaning of freedom and authentic selfhood; 3) social contradiction and the moral imagination; and, one of …

(Im)Possibilities, M. Francyne Huckaby

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

No abstract provided.

Two Poem Chimera, M. Francyne Huckaby

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

No abstract provided.

Introduction To Confronting Teacher Preparation Epistemicide: Art, Poetry, And Teacher Resistance, Richard D. Sawyer, Daniel Ness

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

In this special issue, we present different perspectives from a documentary project on curricular epistemicide. We view curriculum epistemicide —the annihilation of curriculum—as an embodied process. It limits ways of knowing, questioning, and envisioning the world, and it constricts multiplicity and erases identity and culture. Authors within this volume responded to two requests: 1) they examined some form of epistemicide; and 2) they did not reinforce current systems of power and inequity. Throughout the issue, poetry and photography weave through theoretical papers and empirical studies. A range of methodologies are considered within the articles.

Death To Curriculum, M. Francyne Huckaby

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

No abstract provided.

Paradox, M. Francyne Huckaby

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

No abstract provided.

Predictors Of College Student Support Toward Colin Kaepernick’S National Anthem Protests, Brooke Coursen, Nicole Peiffer, Sakira Coleman, Philip Lucius

VA Engage Journal

Racial discrimination and inequality have perpetuated within the U.S. since its inception. In 2016, Colin Kaepernick initiated the national anthem protests to oppose the oppression of people of color in America. This study was developed in 2018 to identify social determinants of health underlying discriminatory beliefs and behaviors. The objective was to investigate the impacts of college students’ race, gender, political ideology, socio-economic status [SES], NFL interest, patriotism, and general protest support on support for the national anthem protests. We administered paper-and-pencil surveys across locations on the James Madison University campus using a convenience sample. There were 408 participants included, …

Hacia La Preservación De Los Relatos De Las Comunidades Digitales De Los Mmorpg Mediante Etnografías Digitales: Una Mirada Desde Los Estudios Visuales Al Caso Futur0 Server [2005-2012] De Ragnarok Online, Romano Ponce-Díaz

Journal of Roleplaying Studies and STEAM

Resumen: La ponderación planteada en los siguientes párrafos centra su interés en las plataformas digitales de narrativa audiovisual donde los participantes pueden alterar y determinar el relato por medio de la interacción social sucedida en el mismo, concretamente, los videojuegos multijugador masivos de rol en línea en servidores emulados. Además, se abordan las implicaciones de la desaparición potencial y real de la información, datos, testimonios y vestigios de estas comunidades digitales participativas a causa de la naturaleza falible de los dispositivos de almacenaje electrónico. De esa forma, se busca plantear un breve panorama general de los antecedentes históricos de las …

Narración Colectiva, Horizontes De Interpretación Y Subjetividad: Los Juegos De Rol Como Mecanismos De Construcción De Subjetividades, Juan-Manuel Díaz-De-La-Torre

Journal of Roleplaying Studies and STEAM

ESPAÑOL

La presente propuesta busca establecer que, por medio de la narración y la construcción de un relato colectivo, el cual acontece en un juego de rol; se gesta una (inter)subjetividad compartida entre los miembros de los juegos de rol. Esta última entendida como la estructura que permite organizar sentimientos, emociones, percepciones e ideas de los sujetos sociales, en este caso, los jugadores/narradores.

Es decir, hay una estructura organizativa interior que se genera en la interacción por medio del relato durante el juego. De esta forma, el relato/juego, se vuelve un mecanismo de construcción de subjetividades que es interiorizada por …

Competing Visions Of Fundamental Global Change: Comparative Book Review Of Rethinking Humanity By Seba & Arbib, Cristian Ziliberberg

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

No abstract provided.

Now It’S Personal: From Me To Mine To Property Rights, David Shoemaker, Bas Van Der Vossen

Philosophy Faculty Articles and Research

Philosophical theories of property rights struggle to adequately explain the moral significance of ownership. We propose that the moral significance of property rights is due to the intersection of what we call "the extended self” and conventionally protected rights claims. The latter, drawing on conventionalist accounts of property rights, explains the social nature and flexibility of property. The former, drawing on naturalist theories, explains their personal nature. The upshot is that we find at this intersection the full moral significance of property.

A Relational Account Of Resolutions: Resolution As Reacquaintance, Daniel Grasso

Theses

A Relational Account of Self-Constraint: Resolution as Reacquaintance

Resolutions and self-promises are two much discussed tools of self-constraint in the face of weakness of will. However, the discussions often begin from a negative and alienated direction, emphasizing self-compulsion, fear of irrationality, or binding ourselves through self-obligation. Jorah Dannenberg has suggested a more optimistic agent-centered account of how to bind ourselves through self-promises. His account has much kinship with the influential Sartrean approach from Berislav Marusic. These more positive agent-centered accounts are appealing as they appear to answer three of the major puzzles of self-constraint: 1. How is self-restraint supposed to …

Machizukuri (Neighborhood Making): Collective World-Making In Traditional Japanese Neighborhoods, Paul Haimes

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

No abstract provided.

An Anthropology With Human Waste Management: Non-Humans, The State, And Matters Of Care On The Placencia Peninsula, Belize, William Alex Webb

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The management of human waste is a seldom studied phenomenon in anthropology. Yet across the globe, in countries both rich and poor, it presents pervasive and difficult to tame problems. This dissertation draws on complimentary theories of management and entanglements to explore the practices and processes of organizing human waste on the Placencia Peninsula, Belize. The results illustrate how problems are conditioned and defined by messy relations between institutions, people, technologies, materials, and ecological life.

Fieldwork and analysis for this work was a culmination of years of interdisciplinary collaboration between other anthropologists and engineers at the University of South Florida. …

Review Essay: Recent Works In The Political Theory Of Migration, Alexander Sager

Philosophy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Thirty-five years ago, Joseph Carens published “Aliens and Citizens: The Case for Open Borders” in the Review of Politics. It is only a slight overstatement to say that this article created the subfield of political theory of migration. Today, the field is flourishing. Migration continues to be one of today's most politically fraught and morally urgent issues. An estimated hundred million people have fled violence and persecution. Hundreds of millions more cross international borders every year. States have responded with highly restrictive policies, in which people need to resort to perilous routes, often in the hands of smugglers, to …

Towards More Task-Generalized And Explainable Ai Through Psychometrics, Alec Braynen

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In this work, we propose that adopting the methods, principles, and guidelines of the field of psychometrics can help the Artificial Intelligence (AI) community to build more task-generalizable and explainable AI. Three arguments are presented and explored. These arguments are that psychometrics can help by providing 1) a framework for formulating better datasets, 2) psychometric AI data that can lead to models of generalization in AI, and 3) explainable AI through more informative evaluations.

A review of psychometrics and psychological generalization is performed, along with an overview of evaluation, generalization, and explainability in AI. Various ideas are presented throughout for …