Power and Energy Commons^™

Research Of Sustainable Jet Fuel Production Using Microbes, Rajee Olaganathan

Publications

Global climate change, coupled with rapidly increasing oil prices and energy demand around the world, has paved a way for intense research in the biofuel sector. Stakeholders in the aviation industry have started to focus on bio-jet fuel. Bio-jet fuel is regarded as a sustainable solution to greenhouse gas emissions and energy demand. This paper provides a brief review of the biofuel production technologies, the role of bacteria in producing hydrocarbons and the recent advancements in microbial engineering to enhance the biofuel production. Finally, this paper concludes by highlighting the challenges and future research implications in bio-jet fuel production.

Pathology-Informed Approach In Vulnerability Assessment Methods, Polinpapilinho F. Katina, Adrian V. Gheorghe, Charles B. Keating

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

A system pathology is a circumstance, condition, or pattern that acts to limit system performance, or lessen system viability, such that the likelihood of a system achieving performance expectation is reduced. The idea of pathology has been described in multiple fields, including computer science, organizational studies, policy analysis, system-of-systems engineering, and systems engineering. However, there is scarcity of literature describing relationship between system pathology and vulnerability assessment. The aim of this study lies at the intersection of system pathology and vulnerability assessment in engineered systems. First, authors provide the state of the art review of literature on system pathology. Second, …

Predicting Energy And Water Consumption On Dairy Farms Through Statistical Analysis And Machine-Learning Methods, Philip Shine

Theses

With the abolishment of milking quotas across all European Union member states in April 2015, dairy farmers must adjust their farming practises to minimise milk production costs to adequately prepare for potential periods of reduced revenue. Milk production is an intense energy and water consuming process. Coupled with challenging European greenhouse gas reduction targets and legislation regarding the prevention of groundwater pollution and deterioration, increasing the production of milk in Ireland must be met with the sustainable consumption of on-farm energy and direct water resources, to ensure the future monetary and environmental sustainability of Ireland’s dairy industry. Thus, this body …

Modeling, Designing And Analysis Of A Standalone Pv Dc Microgrid System, Sharaf Sumaiya

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The increasing concern about global warming, the upsurge of oil prices, and pollution of petroleum energy has led scientists to search for cost-effective energy sources, for example, photovoltaics. Recently DC microgrids have also drawn more consideration because of the expanding use of direct current (DC) energy sources, energy storages and loads in power systems. First, as a groundwork, the 1D organic solar cell has been investigated that leads to design 3D organic solar cell. Then design and analysis of a standalone solar PV system with dc microgrid has been proposed to supply power for both DC and AC loads. The …

Probing The Wave Nature Of Light-Matter Interaction, D. E. Boone, C. H. Jackson, A. T. Swecker, J. S. Hergenrather, K. S. Wenger, O. Kokhan, Balša Terzić, I. Melnikov, I. N. Ivanov, E. C. Stevens, G. Scarel

Physics Faculty Publications

The wave-particle duality of light is a controversial topic in modern physics. In this context, this work highlights the ability of the wave-nature of light on its own to account for the conservation of energy in light-matter interaction. Two simple fundamental properties of light as wave are involved: its period and its power P. The power P depends only on the amplitude of the wave’s electric and magnetic fields (Poynting’s vector), and can easily be measured with a power sensor for visible and infrared lasers. The advantage of such a wave-based approach is that it unveils unexpected effects of light’s …

Understanding The Impact Of Large-Scale Power Grid Architectures On Performance, Ange-Lionel Toba

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Grid balancing is a critical system requirement for the power grid in matching the supply to the demand. This balancing has historically been achieved by conventional power generators. However, the increasing level of renewable penetration has brought more variability and uncertainty to the grid (Ela, Diakov et al. 2013, Bessa, Moreira et al. 2014), which has considerable impacts and implications on power system reliability and efficiency, as well as costs. Energy planners have the task of designing infrastructure power systems to provide electricity to the population, wherever and whenever needed. Deciding of the right grid architecture is no easy task, …

A Bayesian Network Approach To Battery Aging In Electric Vehicle Transportation And Grid Integration, Mehdi Jafari

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Nowadays, batteries in electric vehicles (EVs) are facing a variety of tasks in their connection to the power grid in addition to the main task, driving. All of these tasks play a very significant role in the battery aging, but they are highly variable due to the change in the driver behavior, grid connection availability and weather conditions. The effect of these external factors in the battery degradation have been studied in literature by mostly deterministic and some stochastic approaches, but limited to specific cases.

In this dissertation, first, a large-scale deterministic approach is implemented to evaluate the effect of …

Testing Of Recursive And Non-Recursive Algorithms For Real-Time Phasor And Frequency Estimations In Power Systems, Dhruv Sharma

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Steady-state performance of various recursive and non-recursive algorithms are tested in this report according to the test signals given in the IEEE Standard C37.118.1-2011. Phase magnitude and phase angle of the power grid signals have been estimated using Discrete Fourier Transform (non-recursive), Discrete Fourier Transform (recursive), Least Square, and Wavelet Transform Algorithms. Frequency estimation is performed using Discrete Fourier Transform, Weighted Least Square, and Zero Crossing methods. These algorithms are evaluated in LabView software and tested by generating test signals in a Simulink model. Furthermore, Total Vector Error (TVE) is calculated using dynamic test signals as per the IEEE Standard …

Cyber-Based Contingency Analysis And Insurance Implications Of Power Grid, Zhiyuan Yang

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Cybersecurity for power communication infrastructure is a serious subject that has been discussed for a decade since the first North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) critical infrastructure protection (CIP) initiative in 2006. Its credibility on plausibility has been evidenced by attack events in the recent past. Although this is a "very high impact, rare probability" event, the establishment of quantitative measures would help asset owners in making a series of investment decisions. First, this dissertation tackles attackers' strategies based on the current communication architecture between remote IP-based (unmanned) power substations and energy control centers. Hypothetically, the identification of intrusion paths …

Energy Storage Control And Requirements For Inverter-Based Microgrids, Mehrzad Mohammadi Bijaieh

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The intermittent nature of distributed renewable sources such as wind or solar requires integration of energy storage systems. In this dissertation a distributed form of the Hamiltonian Surface Shaping and Power Flow Control (HSSPFC) method is used to determine the energy storage requirements of three-phase inverter-based microgrids. The overall control is appropriate to be integrated into a hierarchical control system. As the primary control, a novel dq droop control sets the local references and is supported by a level-zero Hamiltonian controller which includes energy storage feed-forward and feedback, and an inverter feed-forward controls. Here, the energy storage element performs as …

Coupling Radio Frequency Energy Via The Embedded Rebar Cage In A Reinforced Concrete Structure For The Purpose Of Concrete Degradation Sensing, Ryan Campiz

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study focuses on utilizing an energy harvesting system in which a dedicated Radio Frequency (RF) power source transmits RF power via rebar in a reinforced concrete column. The RF power is received and decoupled by a receiver, and is then rectified, boosted, and stored as electrical energy in a supercapacitor, later to be used to make measurements, process data, and communicate to the source via rebar. Two design attempts are presented in this study: (a) one uses single line conduction at 2.4 GHz for RF power transfer; (b) the other uses a more conventional two-line conduction at 8.0 kHz …

การเพิ่มมูลค่าของเสียอุตสาหกรรมแป้งมันสำปะหลังภายใต้แนวคิดเศรษฐกิจหมุนเวียน, ณัฐภัทร พุทธสุวรรณ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

โรงงานผลิตแป้งมันสำปะหลังเป็นอุตสาหกรรมแปรรูปทางการเกษตรที่มีการใช้พลังงานไฟฟ้ากว่าปีละ 30.58 ล้านหน่วยและมีการใช้พลังงานฟอสซิลจากน้ำมันเตากว่าปีละ 0.88 ล้านลิตร ส่วนใหญ่มีการใช้ประโยชน์จากน้ำเสียอุตสาหกรรมเพื่อผลิตก๊าซชีวภาพเป็นเชื้อเพลิงความร้อนและผลิตกระแสไฟฟ้าใช้เองในโรงงาน ส่วนกากมันสำปะหลังขายเพื่อเป็นอาหารสัตว์และเปลือกมันสำปะหลังแจกจ่ายให้แก่เกษตรกร ซึ่งกากมันสำปะหลังเป็นของเสียที่มีศักยภาพผลิตเป็นก๊าซชีวภาพได้ งานวิจัยนี้จึงศึกษาทางเลือกการลงทุนระบบผลิตก๊าซชีวภาพปริมาณ 12,000 ลูกบาศก์เมตร/วัน เพื่อใช้ประโยชน์ด้านพลังงาน 5 ทางเลือก ได้แก่ ทางเลือกที่1 เพื่อทดแทนการใช้น้ำมันเตาของโรงงาน ทางเลือกที่ 2 เพื่อผลิตกระแสไฟฟ้าใช้เองในโรงงาน ทางเลือกที่ 3 เพื่อผลิตกระแสไฟฟ้าจำหน่ายแก่ภาครัฐ ทางเลือกที่ 4 เพื่อผลิตไบโอมีเทนอัด (CBG) ทดแทนการใช้ก๊าซธรรมชาติสำหรับยานยนต์ ทางเลือกที่ 5 เพื่อผลิต CBG ทดแทนการใช้ก๊าซหุงต้มในครัวเรือน โดยพิจารณาทางเลือกในการลงทุนจากการวิเคราะห์แบบจำลองกระแสเงินสด ประกอบด้วยการวิเคราะห์มูลค่าปัจจุบันสุทธิ (NPV) และอัตราผลตอบแทนภายในที่ปรับลด (MIRR) ทางเลือกที่ควรตัดสินใจลงทุนควรมีค่า NPV เป็นบวกและมีอัตรา MIRR มากกว่าต้นทุนทางการลงทุนเฉลี่ยแบบถ่วงน้ำหนัก (WACC) 10.32% ตามสมมติฐานของงานวิจัยนี้ โดยพบว่าทางเลือกที่สามารถตัดสินใจลงทุนคือ ทางเลือกที่ 1 มีมูลค่า NPV สูงสุดคือ 262.37 ล้านบาท MIRR 21.55% ทางเลือกที่ 3 มีมูลค่า NPV 16.04 ล้านบาท MIRR 11.42% และทางเลือกที่ 5 มีมูลค่า NPV 30.32 ล้านบาท MIRR 11.93% ซึ่งเป็นข้อมูลให้ผู้ตัดสินใจลงทุนโครงการสามารถเลือกแนวทางในการใช้ประโยชน์จากกากมันสำปะหลังเพื่อผลิตก๊าซชีวภาพเพื่อให้ได้ผลตอบแทนโครงการที่เหมาะสมและคุ้มค่าต่อการลงทุนได้

A Novel Power Sharing Control Method For Distributed Generators In Dc Networks, Christina James

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The power sharing control method is a desirable solution to integrate multiple renewable energy generators into the grid and to keep them working synchronously. Power sharing control between different distributed generators is an important consideration for the stabilized operation of the power grid network. In this thesis work, a novel method is used with the concept of droop control technique and is designed to control power from each individual generator in DC network particularly. The proposed power sharing control method can be widely applied to grid connected network and to islanded power grid network for obtaining high efficiency of power …

Grey Wolf Optimization-Based Optimum Energy-Management And Battery-Sizing Method For Grid-Connected Microgrids, Kutaiba Sabah Nimma, Monaaf D. A. Al-Falahi, Hung Duc Nguyen, S. D. G. Jayasinghe, Thair Mahmoud, Michael Negnevitsky

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In the revolution of green energy development, microgrids with renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and fuel cells are becoming a popular and effective way of controlling and managing these sources. On the other hand, owing to the intermittency and wide range of dynamic responses of renewable energy sources, battery energy-storage systems have become an integral feature of microgrids. Intelligent energy management and battery sizing are essential requirements in the microgrids to ensure the optimal use of the renewable sources and reduce conventional fuel utilization in such complex systems. This paper presents a novel approach to meet these requirements …

Core And Uncore Joint Frequency Scaling Strategy, Vaibhav Sundriyal, Masha Sosonkina, Bryce Westheimer, Mark Gordon

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Energy-proportional computing is one of the foremost constraints in the design of next generation exascale systems. These systems must have a very high FLOP-per-watt ratio to be sustainable, which requires tremendous improvements in power efficiency for modern computing systems. This paper focuses on the processor—as still the biggest contributor to the power usage—by considering both its core and uncore power subsystems. The uncore describes those processor functions that are not handled by the core, such as L3 cache and on-chip interconnect, and contributes significantly to the total system power. The uncore frequency scaling (UFS) capability has been available to the …

Novel Contact Materials For Improved Performance Cdte Solar Cells, Angus Rocket, Robert Collins, Sylvain Marsillac

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This program has explored a number of novel materials for contacts to CdTe solar cells in order to reduce the back contact Schottky barrier to zero and produce an ohmic contact. The project tested a wide range of potential contact materials including TiN, ZrN, CuInSe₂:N, a-Si:H and alloys with C, and FeS₂. Improved contacts were achieved with FeS₂. As part of understanding the operation of the devices and controlling the deposition processes, a number of other important results were obtained. In the process of this project and following its conclusion it led to research …

Electro-Mechanical-Thermal Modeling And Stability Of Pulsed Power Loads On A Dc Network, Joshua Allen Dillon

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Modern military aircraft are developing larger pulsed power loads varying from new weapon technologies to advanced avionics and other electrical equipment. Pulsing power loads emulate a pulse width modulated signal which have non-linear destabilizing effects on the electrical system. Additionally, these devices have thermal properties that can induce electrical stability issues at low and high temperatures and various pulsing load conditions. These non-linear electrical stability issues carry through to the mechanical and thermal systems of the aircraft and can damage components. The MATLAB/Simulink workspace is used to simulate a non-linear model of an aircraft’s electrical-mechanicalthermal (EMT) system. This system includes …

Impact Of Inrush Currents And Geomagnetically Induced Currents On Transformer Behavior, Nishchal Sharma

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Transformers are the tie-points of electrical power systems. Their protection from power system faults and other innate issues is of prime importance. A few of the issues that are studied in this report are magnetic inrush currents, geomagnetically induced currents in power transformers and Over-excitation.

This project develops a novel way of initializing and visualizing the flux linkage in the transformer core for studies on energization inrush currents. In addition, a quasi-DC source for GIC has been developed in order to study the GIC effects on power transformers and a sensitivity analysis has been carried out to understand effects of …

Anomaly Inference Based On Heterogeneous Data Sources In An Electrical Distribution System, Yachen Tang

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Harnessing the heterogeneous data sets would improve system observability. While the current metering infrastructure in distribution network has been utilized for the operational purpose to tackle abnormal events, such as weather-related disturbance, the new normal we face today can be at a greater magnitude. Strengthening the inter-dependencies as well as incorporating new crowd-sourced information can enhance operational aspects such as system reconfigurability under extreme conditions. Such resilience is crucial to the recovery of any catastrophic events. In this dissertation, it is focused on the anomaly of potential foul play within an electrical distribution system, both primary and secondary networks as …

Active And Reactive Power Control Of Flexible Loads For Distribution-Level Grid Services, Jingyuan Wang

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Electric vehicle (EV) charging/discharging can take place in any P-Q quadrants, which means EVs could provide reactive power at any state-of-charge (SOC). This dissertation shows four-quadrant operation of EVs and aggregation of EVs for support of grid operations.

First, this work develops hierarchical coordination frameworks to optimally manage active and reactive power dispatch of number of spatially distributed EVs incorporating distribution grid level constraints. This work demonstrates benefits of coordinated dispatch of active and reactive power from EVs using a 33-node distribution feeder with large number of EVs (more than 5,000). Case studies demonstrate that, in constrained distribution grids, coordinated …