Power and Energy Commons^™

Energy Awareness – Do We Need A Definition In Order To Implement It Onboard?, Signe Jensen

MARENER 2017

Energy optimization and the awareness about the issue has become an important topic in the maritime industry. An energy management study from 2015 performed by DNV GL, shows that energy awareness has moved from rank fifteen to be the most important measure to be implemented as a success factor to realize actual savings. However - What exactly is energy awareness, and how can it be defined and implemented? Are Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plans (SEEMP), noon reports and decision support software the right tools to raise awareness and improve energy efficiency for all shipping companies. Previous studies show that smaller …

Efficient Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells With Li-Doped Compact Tio2 Layer, Detao Liu, Shibin Li, Peng Zhang, Yafei Wang, Rui Zhang, Hojjatollah Sarvari, Feng Wang, Jiang Wu, Zhiming Wang, Zhi Chen

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been developed rapidly in recent time, and efficient planar PSCs are regarded as the most promising alternative to the Si solar cells. In this study, we demonstrated that Li-doping of compact TiO₂ can reduce the density of electron traps and increase the conductivity of the electron transport layer (ETL) of PSCs. Due to the improved electronic property of ETL, the Li-doped compact TiO₂ based planar heterojunction PSCs exhibit negligible hysteretic J-V behavior. Comparing with the undoped compact TiO₂ based PSCs, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the Li-doped compact TiO₂ film …

Data-Centric Situational Awareness And Management In Intelligent Power Systems, Xiaoxiao Dai

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The rapid development of technology and society has made the current power system a much more complicated system than ever. The request for big data based situation awareness and management becomes urgent today. In this dissertation, to respond to the grand challenge, two data-centric power system situation awareness and management approaches are proposed to address the security problems in the transmission/distribution grids and social benefits augmentation problem at the distribution-customer lever, respectively.

To address the security problem in the transmission/distribution grids utilizing big data, the first approach provides a fault analysis solution based on characterization and analytics of the synchrophasor …

Risk Optimized Microgrid Resource Management, Thomas William Cashel Iii

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis proposes a risk based price adjustment method for a day ahead scheduling of a distribution side tiered community microgrid within a transactive energy style market. The system is organized into a master controller and local controller confïguration to simulate behind meter activity that is not visible to the master controller. Conditional value at risk is used to asses the risk of distributed energy resources in each local controller and the risk for each local controller is aggregated providing each local controller a single risk value. Each device's, or local controller's, risk value is used to adjust the price …

Hybrid Solar Thermophotovoltaic-Biomass/Gas Power Generation System With A Spectrally Matched Emitter For Lower Operating Temperatures, C. M. Iftekhar Hussain Cmih, Brian Norton, Aidan Duffy, Mohamed Oubaha

Conference Papers

Three conceptual designs have been developed for hybrid solar-biomass/gas thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system for a non-intermittent power generation which can operate at relatively low TPV operating temperatures. TPV cells with lower band gap has been chosen for this conceptual hybrid device. The low band TPV cell generates electricity at longer photonic wavelength which corresponds a lower operating temperature. The development methodology is presented for a spectrally matched emitter which emits maximum photonic energy in the 600°C -1000°C temperature range with correspondingly lower photonic energy emission in the 0°C -600°C range. This approach for spectral control in TPV systems requires fewer system …

Computational Modeling Of A Williams Cross Flow Turbine, Sajjan Pokhrel

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Hydropower is not only the most used renewable energy source in the United States, but in the world. While it is well known that large hydropower facilities, like the Hoover Dam, provide large amounts of electrical power, there is also a tremendous opportunity for hydroelectric power generation from small scale facilities that has largely been overlooked. The work being presented here studies a new cross flow turbine called the Williams Cross Flow Turbine (WCFT), which was designed to extract electric energy from low head, run-of-the-river, small hydropower sites. To spur the implementation of the WCFT in small hydropower applications, and …

Application Of Nearly Linear Solvers To Electric Power System Computation, Lisa L. Grant

Doctoral Dissertations

"To meet the future needs of the electric power system, improvements need to be made in the areas of power system algorithms, simulation, and modeling, specifically to achieve a time frame that is useful to industry. If power system time-domain simulations could run in real-time, then system operators would have situational awareness to implement and avoid cascading failures, significantly improving power system reliability. Several power system applications rely on the solution of a very large linear system. As the demands on power systems continue to grow, there is a greater computational complexity involved in solving these large linear systems within …

Development Of Computer Program For Wind Resource Assessment, Rotor Design And Rotor Performance, Valentina Jami

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

People understand and have seen that renewable energy has many advantages over conventional energy sources. Because of these advantages, more and more emphasis has been given to generating electrical energy with renewable sources. Among the many renewable and conventional ways currently available for a society to generate electrical power, wind turbines are one of the cheapest ways of doing this. The main objective of this thesis work is to develop a computer program that assesses the wind resource at a given location, designs a wind turbine rotor for optimum power capture for one wind speed, and analyzes the performance of …

Wind Turbine Noise And Wind Speed Prediction, Tyler H. Blanchard

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

In order to meet the US Department of Energy projected target of 35% of US energy coming from wind by 2050, there is a strong need to study the management and development of wind turbine technology and its impact on human health, wildlife and environment. The prediction of wind turbine noise and its propagation is very critical to study the impacts of wind turbine noise for long term adoption and acceptance by neighboring communities. The prediction of wind speed is critical in the assessment of feasibility of a potential wind turbine site. This work presents a study on prediction of …

Development Of A Novel Kalman Filter Bank Predictor To Optimally Schedule The Renewable Energy Contribution Within A Micro-Grid, Conor Lynch

Theses

This PhD thesis presents a novel Kalman Filter Bank (KFB) methodology. The novel KFB is applied to predict and optimally schedule the operation of micro-grid energy resources with a public fixed-grid connection and an auxiliary battery storage backup facility. This methodology relies on a sliding single time step forecast projection to accurately acquire the anticipated schedule for a range of time dependent parameters, stochastic by nature, that have inherent embedded cyclical patterns. The innovative feature here consists of a novel bank of hourly adjacent Kalman Filter estimators, which operate in synchronism, for accurate parameter prediction over a selected time horizon. …

Control Of Pore Characteristics Of Porous Silicon Using Non-Toxic Electrochemical Etching For Photovoltaics And Supercapacitor Applications, Utpal Saha

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Porous silicon has exhibited lower reflectance and higher surface area than the pristine silicon. This property of porous silicon can be applied to photovoltaic (PV) application for more efficient silicon solar cells and for higher performance of supercapacitors. NH4Fl electrolytic etching solution has been used to fabricate porous silicon, but the control of pore morphology of silicon is achieved only by controlling the time. Therefore, it is urgently required to use other etching parameters such as voltage and current to achieve flexible control of pore properties. Porous silicon can also be used to fabricate supercapacitors. An established approach to make …

Cathode Interface Engineering For High Performance Planar Perovskite Solar Cells, Md Nazmul Hasan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have already improved their power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.9% to ~22.1% at present. This demonstrated that PSCs can be a promising alternative to conventional silicon solar cells. PSCs have been marked as one of the most favorable next-generation solar cells due to their high extinction coefficient, broad light absorption range and ambipolar charge transport properties, low production cost, and simple fabrication processing. Various device architectures have been designed and investigated for constructing high performance PSCs consisting of different electron transport layers (ETL) and hole transport layers (HTL). In general, PSCs are fabricated in …

Development Of Microgrid Test Bed For Testing Energy Management System, Shaili Nepal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Today the world population has reached 7.5 billion, and this number is expected to grow at the rate of 1.13% every year [1]. With this increase in population, the total demand for electricity has also increased. More people means the need for more power: electricity to power homes, schools, industries, hospitals, and so on. In today’s world, where most of the daily activities are dependent on electricity, demand for electricity, therefore, continues to rise. Currently, managing this growing need for electricity is one of the challenges the world is facing. In addition to this, approximately 1.2 billion people live in …

Pretreatment, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, And Fermentation To Ethanol Using A Lignocellulosic Feedstock And Subsequent Recovery Of A Value Added Co-Product: Pure Crystalline Cellulose, Ryan J. Bouza

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As more demand for alternatives to petroleum and the industrial world’s love of cars increase, cellulosic ethanol will become more important. The ethanol can, of course, be used in the transportation fuel sector, but there is also a potential for co-products to be developed out of the cellulose to ethanol process. Some of these co-products have the potential to replace current petrol products. These co-products may provide the extra revenue generation needed for further investment and development of this industry. This would not only provide better energy independence, but in the United States, it would better satisfy the cellulosic ethanol …

Efficient Energy Optimization For Smart Grid And Smart Community, Avijit Das

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The electric power industry has undergone significant changes in response to the environmental concerns during the past decades. Nowadays, due to the integration of different distributed energy systems in the smart grid, the balancing between power generation and load demand becomes a critical problem. Specifically, due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources (RESs) , power system optimization becomes significantly complicated. Due to the uncertain nature of RESs, the system may fail to ensure the power quality which may cause increased operating costs for committing costly reserve units or penalty costs for curtailing load demands. This dissertation presents three …

Modeling Of The Solid-Electrolyte Interface Layer Of Lithium Ion Batteries For Capacity Fade Using Kinetic Monte Carlo, Bigyan Khanal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The accurate model on the growth of Solid-Electrolyte Interface (SEI) layer of Lithiumion batteries is used to study the capacity fade, ageing, and cycling life and provides significant information to ensure the battery safety. In this work, the model for SEI layer dynamics is developed using the Kinetic Monte Carlo approach, in which four major dynamical processes including adsorption, absorption, diffusion, and passivation are described by their individual rates, and determined from chemical and physical properties of materials used in the battery. Total cycle numbers to be simulated determine the number of Kinetic Monte Carlo steps. The formation of a …

Engineering Of Photo-Rechargeable Energy Storage, Ashim Gurung

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Solar photovoltaics (PV) is a very promising renewable energy technologies as it is abundant and pollution-free. However, the major drawback of PV power is its intermittency. Integration of batteries with solar modules can reduce overall PV system costs and increase the practicality of PV power. Integration of the photovoltaic cells with supercapacitor storage proved feasibility of combined photovoltaic energy generation and storage but the supercapacitors had low energy storage capacity. Photovoltaic cells with integrated Li-ion batteries as energy storage were demonstrated but had a complex structure due to multiple PV cells; low efficiency due to a mismatch between the PV …

Investigation Of Electrical Defects Arising From Excessive Sidewall Force And Excessive Tensile Strain On Power Cables, Darren Mcconnon, Joseph Kearney, Tom Looby, James O'Shaughnessy

Conference papers

The study includes a comprehensive review of the existing literature and guidelines regarding the effects of sidewall force and tensile strain on power cables during installation. The most appropriate diagnostic test methods required to analyse these effects are also assessed. The results of tests and analysis of the existing literature are then combined in an attempt to determine a realistic basis for guidelines and recommendations relevant to cable installation forces.

Technical And Economic Potential Of Microgrids In California, Pramod Singh

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Microgrids are being investigated across the U.S. as a solution to support greater reliability, resiliency, and security of electricity supply. This thesis evaluates the potential of developing technically feasible and economically viable microgrids for selected customer categories in California.

Customer categories selected for this study are deemed suitable for microgrid applications by previous studies. For a customer to be technically suitable for microgrid adoption, this study defined a minimum energy requirement threshold. In order to determine the economically viable potential, a benefit-cost analysis was done to assess microgrid benefits compared to the base case of exclusive reliance on grid electricity. …

การประเมินความต้องการเทคโนโลยีพลังงานในภาคอุตสาหกรรมการผลิตเพื่อบรรเทาการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ, ศิวพร ปรีชา

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้ศึกษาความต้องการเทคโนโลยีพลังงานเพื่อบรรเทาการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศของภาคอุตสาหกรรมการผลิตและจัดลำดับความสำคัญของเทคโนโลยีการลดการปล่อยก๊าซเรือนกระจกในภาคอุตสาหกรรมการผลิต เพื่อให้สอดรับกับเป้าหมายการลดการปล่อยก๊าซเรือนกระจก ตามเจตจำนงของประเทศไทยที่ให้ไว้กับภาคีสมาชิกอนุสัญญาสหประชาชาติว่าด้วยการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ (UNFCCC) ซึ่งงานวิจัยนี้กำหนดเกณฑ์การประเมินเป็นสองด้านประกอบด้วย ด้านความพร้อม (11 ประเด็น) และด้านผลกระทบ (4 ประเด็น) และอ้างอิงรายการเทคโนโลยีของภาคอุตสาหกรรมการผลิตจาก 3 กลุ่มประเภทพลังงาน คือ กลุ่มพลังงานทางเลือก/พลังงานหมุนเวียน กลุ่มเทคโนโลยีประหยัดพลังงาน และกลุ่มการบริหารจัดการพลังงาน ตามเอกสารของ UNFCCC ซึ่งทำการประเมินโดยผู้เชี่ยวชาญในภาคอุตสาหกรรมการผลิต และวิเคราะห์ด้วยวิธีการประเมินทางเลือกจากหลายเกณฑ์ (MCA) จากผลการวิจัยพบว่า ผู้เชี่ยวชาญให้ความสำคัญของเกณฑ์ด้านความพร้อมในประเด็นนโยบาย โครงสร้างพื้นฐาน รวมทั้งกฎระเบียบที่เกี่ยวข้อง และด้านผลกระทบในประเด็นสิ่งแวดล้อมสูงที่สุด โดยผลการจัดลำความสำคัญของเทคโนโลยีพลังงานเพื่อบรรเทาการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศของภาคอุตสาหกรรมการผลิต พบว่า เทคโนโลยีระบบความร้อน ระบายอากาศ ปรับอากาศ (HVAC) เชื้อเพลิงชีวมวล/เชื้อเพลิงชีวมวลอัดเม็ด/การทำความร้อนแบบรวมศูนย์ (Biomass heating, wood pellets, district heating) ระบบไฟฟ้าพลังงานร่วม (CHP) ก๊าซพลังงานสะอาดจากชีวมวล (biogas) และการประหยัดพลังงานของอุตสาหกรรมซีเมนต์ มีความพร้อมและผลกระทบสูงสุดตามลำดับ ซึ่งเทคโนโลยีดังกล่าวมีความพร้อมในประเด็นสถานการณ์ปัจจุบันของเทคโนโลยีในประเทศไทยต่ำ โดยปัจจุบันประเทศไทยต้องพึ่งพาการนำเข้าพลังงานและเทคโนโลยีพลังงานที่มีประสิทธิภาพจากต่างประเทศ ทำให้การกระจายตัวของเทคโนโลยีกระจุกตัวอยู่ในกลุ่มอุตสาหกรรมที่มีศักยภาพและความพร้อมสูงเท่านั้น