Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

Observer Incorporated Neoclassical Controller Design: A Discrete Perspective, Winston Alexander Baker

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Control theory has generally been divided into two categories, modern control and classical control. Modern control uses state feedback to alter the pole locations of a given system. Classical control uses pre-compensation to alter the zeroes of the system and uses output feedback to adjust the poles to bring stability to the system. The drawback is that the application of classical control techniques can be a lengthy, complicated and iterative design process and in the end, classical control techniques still do not give information about the state of the system. Neoclassical control combines classical control techniques with the state feedback …

Enhanced Anthocyanin Extraction From Red Cabbage Using Pulsed Electric Field Processing, Tanya K. Gachovska, David A. Cassada, Jeyamkondan Subbiah, Milford Hanna, Harshavardhan Thippareddi, Daniel D. Snow

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment on anthocyanin extraction from red cabbage using water as a solvent. Mashed cabbage was placed in a batch treatment chamber and subjected to PEF (2.5 kV/cm electric field strength; 15 μs pulse width and 50 pulses, specific energy 15.63 J/g). Extracted anthocyanin concentrations (16 to 889 μg/mL) were determined using HPLC. Heat and light stabilities of the control and PEF-treated samples, having approximately the same initial concentrations, were studied. PEF treatments enhanced total anthocyanin extraction in water from red cabbage by 2.15 times with a higher …

Detecting Piecewise Linear Networks Using Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo, Akshay Apte

All Theses

This work proposes a piecewise linear network model to approximate structures observed in an image. An energy function is used to capture the characteristics of the structure. The energy function consists of two parts: the prior energy term and the data energy term. The prior energy term is calculated using prior information about the structures of interest. The data energy term is calculated using observations made from the image. The energy function is minimized using Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) to get the approximate centerline of the structure. The algorithm was tested on a database of $150$ images …

Application Of Signal Advance Technology To Electrophysiology, Chris M. Hymel

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Medical instrumentation used in diagnosis and treatment relies on the accurate detection and processing of various physiological events and signals. While signal detection technology has improved greatly in recent years, there remain inherent delays in signal detection/ processing. These delays may have significant negative clinical consequences during various pathophysiological events. Reducing or eliminating such delays would increase the ability to provide successful early intervention in certain disorders thereby increasing the efficacy of treatment.

In recent years, a physical phenomenon referred to as Negative Group Delay (NGD), demonstrated in simple electronic circuits, has been shown to temporally advance the detection of …

Kalman Filtering With State Constraints: A Survey Of Linear And Nonlinear Algorithms, Daniel J. Simon

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The Kalman filter is the minimum-variance state estimator for linear dynamic systems with Gaussian noise. Even if the noise is non-Gaussian, the Kalman filter is the best linear estimator. For nonlinear systems it is not possible, in general, to derive the optimal state estimator in closed form, but various modifications of the Kalman filter can be used to estimate the state. These modifications include the extended Kalman filter, the unscented Kalman filter, and the particle filter. Although the Kalman filter and its modifications are powerful tools for state estimation, we might have information about a system that the Kalman filter …

Nonlinear Control And Estimation Techniques With Applications To Vision-Based And Biomedical Systems, Nitendra Nath

All Dissertations

This dissertation is divided into four self-contained chapters. In Chapter 1, a new estimator using a single calibrated camera mounted on a moving platform is developed to asymptotically recover the range and the three-dimensional (3D) Euclidean position of a static object feature. The estimator also recovers the constant 3D Euclidean coordinates of the feature relative to the world frame as a byproduct. The position and orientation of the camera is assumed to be measurable unlike existing observers where velocity measurements are assumed to be known. To estimate the unknown range variable, an adaptive least squares estimation strategy is employed based …

Conservation Based Uncertainty Propagation In Dynamic Systems, Lillian J. Ratliff

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Uncertainty is present in our everyday decision making process as well as our understanding of the structure of the universe. As a result an intense and mathematically rigorous study of how uncertainty propagates in the dynamic systems present in our lives is warranted and arguably necessary. In this thesis we examine existing methods for uncertainty propagation in dynamic systems and present the results of a literature survey that justifies the development of a conservation based method of uncertainty propagation. Conservation methods are physics based and physics drives our understanding of the physical world. Thus, it makes perfect sense to formulate …

Fabrication, Characterization And Simulation Of Non-Lithographic Nanostructures And Their Potential Applications, Neelanjan Bhattacharya

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The dissertation describes the formation of porous silicon through the pores of porous alumina on a silicon substrate. Porous silicon, by itself, is inherently a non-uniform material that has non-uniform optical and electronic properties. In addition, it is also mechanically fragile material requiring careful material handling. The porous silicon fabricated through the nanosized pores of porous alumina are expected to mitigate these problems, thereby enhancing commercial viability of the device. The porous silicon as well the porous alumina have been synthesized through anodisation for various parameters and also various types of anodizing electrolytes. The porous silicon, so obtained have been …

A Novel Nonlithographic Method To Fabricate Nanoparticles And Its Application In Crystallization Of Amorphous Silicon Thin Films, Wen Shen

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In recent years nanoparticles fabricated by nonlithographic techniques have shown a very promising alternative implementation to make novel electronic and photonic devices. However, the size control of these nanoparticles has been a great challenge. In this dissertation we used a custom designed ultrahigh vacuum nanocluster deposition system to investigate the size control of nanoparticles by varying different process parameters. The experimental values are compared with existing models and results are found to be in good agreement.

Silicon thin films are very important for the fabrication of a variety of devices including flat panel displays and solar cells. However, the Si …

Automated Procedures For Quantification Of Rhizosphere Physical Properties In Micro Ct Images, Natarajan S. Pillai

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The rhizosphere, i.e. the zone of soil immediately surrounding plant roots plays a prominent role in supplying plants with water and nutrients. However, surprisingly little is known about rhizosphere physical properties and how they affect root growth, water and nutrient uptake. The lack of non-invasive and non-destructive imaging techniques necessary to observe living roots growing in undisturbed soil have been a main reason for this shortcoming. Recent advances in synchrotron X-ray micro tomography (CMT) provide the potential to directly observe soil physical properties around living roots in-situ.In this work we develop procedures for assisting scientist to study the soil properties …

Design And Implementation Of Pott Protection Scheme Using Iec-61850, Kirpal Singh Doad

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This study is an attempt to implement the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) - 61850 to protect a transmission line using Generic Object Oriented Substation Events (GOOSE) messaging. IEC 61850 describe rules for integration of protection, control, measurement and monitoring functions within a power system network at the process and station control levels. Earlier envisioned for substation automation, IEC 61850 has shown its potential in eliminating substation wiring, enhanced interoperability between vendors and systems. Thus efforts are now being made to expand it to cover substation to control center and substation to substation automation. In this paper, GE D90 Plus Line …

System Development And Integration Of An Airborne Laser Communications Payload For Unmanned Aircraft Systems, Mariusz Czarnomski

Theses and Dissertations

Free space laser communications provides wide bandwidth and high security capabilities to Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) in order to successfully accomplish Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition, and Reconnaissance (IST AR) missions. A practical implementation of a laser-based video communications payload flown by a small U AS aircraft is described as a proof-of-concept. The two-axis gimbal pointing control algorithm calculates the line-of-sight vector in real-time by using Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) information gathered from the UAS vehicle's autopilot so that the laser transmitter in the airborne payload can accurately track a ground-based photodiode array receiver with …

An Intrinsic Circuit Model For Multiple Vias In An Irregular Plate Pair Through Rigorous Electromagnetic Analysis, Yao Jiang Zhang, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An irregular plate pair with multiple vias is analyzed by the segmentation method that divides the plate pair into a plate domain and via domains. in the via domains, all the parallel-plate modes are considered, while in the plate domain, only the propagating modes are included to account for the coupling among vias and the reflection from plate edges. Boundary conditions at both vias and plate edges are enforced and all parasitic components of via circuit are expressed analytically in terms of parallel-plate modes. the work presented in this paper indicates that a previous physics-Based via circuit model from intuition …

Analysis Of Simultaneous Switching Noise Coupling In Multilayer Power/Ground Planes With Segmentation Method And Cavity Model, Gang Feng, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An accurate power bus model is essential for predicting noise coupling in high-speed printed circuit board (PCB) and package designs. with a complex multilayer structure, the power bus is often modeled using numerical simulation methods. However, full-wave approaches are computationally inefficient, or even infeasible for extremely complicated geometries. Fortunately, the segmentation method makes it possible to combine different types of models together, and both simulation accuracy and efficiency can be obtained through this divide-and-conquer strategy. after segmentation, one of the fundamental blocks is a parallel plane pair. for this block, analytical expressions for the impedance (Z) matrix are available for …

Robust Analysis Of Electromagnetic Responses Of Resonant Structures Using Early-Time And Low-Frequency Data, James Frye, Jr.

All Dissertations

The rapid increase of affordable computing resources combined with the continued development and refinement of computational electromagnetic (CEM) methods has yielded a wide range of accurate and well-verified EM modeling tools; however, improvements are required to keep pace with the current and future requirements of EM systems. One such need is the development of robust, computationally-efficient methods which provide one the means to understand complex resonant systems through the by analyzing EM responses. The characteristics of resonant systems often make the determination of a wideband response with CEM methods computationally very intensive. Also, a numerical solution may not directly provide …

Protocols For Dynamic Spectrum Access In Cognitive Radio Networks, Steven Boyd

All Dissertations

Spectrum access protocols permit secondary users to transmit on frequency bands that are not being utilized by the primary owners. A cognitive radio that wishes to transmit in a band must first decide if the band is available (i.e., not being used by the owner) and then it must periodically re-evaluate the band's availability once it begins transmitting in the band to ensure that a signal from a primary owner has not emerged. To accomplish these tasks, spectrum access protocols employ periodic sensing of the channel. Frequent sensing intervals are required to ensure that cognitive radios wishing to access the …

Dynamic Placement And Signal Selection For Upfcs In Wide-Area Controlled Power Systems, Mahyar Zarghami, Mariesa Crow

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper deals with the problem of damping inter-area oscillations in wide-area bulk power systems using unified power flow controllers. Dynamic placement and signal selection are two important issues when FACTS devices are deployed in the system. in the paper both problems have been investigated using a Most Dominant Branches table calculated based on modal analysis which shows the influence of active powers of the branches on inter-area modes of the system. First, dynamic placement has been explained in which the best placement candidates are selected based on their influence on inter-area modes. Next the paper deals with dynamic estimation …

Case Study Of Cold Chain Logistics Business Of Third Party Logistics Company, Han Bao

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Research On Distribution Program Of Food Cold-Chain Logistics In Bright Speed Fresh Logistics Company, Zexin Xu

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Reconfigurable Pattern Matching Hardware Implementation Using On-Chip Ram-Based Fsm, Nader I. Rafla, Indrawati Gauba

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The use of synthesizable reconfigurable IP cores has increasingly become a trend in System on Chip (SoC) designs because of their flexibility and powerful functionality. The market introduction of multi-featured platform FPGAs equipped with embedded memory and processor blocks has further expanded the possibility of utilizing dynamic reconfiguration to improve overall system adaptability to meet varying product requirements. In this paper, a reconfigurable hardware implementation for pattern matching using Finite State machine (FSM) is proposed. The FSM design is RAMbased and is reconfigured on the fly through altering memory contents only. An embedded processor is used for orchestrating run time …