Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

Multi-Aperture Coherent Change Detection And Interferometry For Synthetic Aperture Radar, David D. Madsen

Theses and Dissertations

Interferometry and coherent change detection (CCD) utilize phase differences between complex SAR images to find terrain height and to detect small changes between images, respectively. A new method for improving interferometry and CCD using multiple sub-apertures is proposed. Using backprojection processing, multiple sub-aperture images are created for a pair of flights. An interferogram and coherence map is made from each sub-aperture. For CCD, each sub-aperture coherence map offers an independent estimate of the coherence over the same area. By combining coherence maps, low coherence areas associated with residual motion errors are reduced, shadowed areas are minimized, and the overall coherence …

Average Run Length Of Two-Span Moving Sum Algorithms, Swarnendu Kar, Kishan G. Mehrotra, Pramod Varshney

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

Among the various procedures used to detect potential changes in a stochastic process the moving sum algorithms are very popular due to their intuitive appeal and good statistical performance. One of the important design parameters of a change detection algorithm is the expected interval between false positives, also known as the average run length (ARL). In this paper, we have derived closed form expressions of ARL for two special cases - namely the two-span moving sum and filtered derivative algorithms. We have assumed that the random variables are uniformly distributed.

Gusto: An Automatic Generation And Optimization Tool For Matrix Inversion Architectures, Ali Irturk, Bridget Benson, Shahnam Mirzaei, Ryan Kastner

Electrical Engineering

Matrix inversion is a common function found in many algorithms used in wireless communication systems. As FPGAs become an increasingly attractive platform for wireless communication, it is important to understand the trade-offs in designing a matrix inversion core on an FPGA. This article describes a matrix inversion core generator tool, GUSTO, that we developed to ease the design space exploration across different matrix inversion architectures. GUSTO is the first tool of its kind to provide automatic generation of a variety of general-purpose matrix inversion architectures with different parameterization options. GUSTO also provides an optimized applicationspecific architecture with an average of …

Approximation Of Average Run Length Of Moving Sum Algorithms Using Multivariate Probabilities, Swarnendu Kar, Kishan Mehrotra, Pramod Varshney

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

Among the various procedures used to detect potential changes in a stochastic process the moving sum algorithms are very popular due to their intuitive appeal and good statistical performance. One of the important design parameters of a change detection algorithm is the expected interval between false positives, also known as the average run length (ARL). Computation of the ARL usually involves numerical procedures but in some cases it can be approximated using a series involving multivariate probabilities. In this paper, we present an analysis of this series approach by providing sufficient conditions for convergence and derive an error bound. Using …

Global Positioning Logger, Matthew Hall

Computer Engineering

The Global Positioning Logger (GPL) is a mobile embedded device that utilizes GPS technology. The GPS data is used to display current speed and past global locations.

Low-Complexity Transmit Diversity Scheme Using Moderate-Sized Signal Constellations, B. K. Khoo, P. Xiao, S. Y. Le Goff, B. S. Sharif, C. C. Tsimenidis

Electrical & Electronic Engineering

In the conventional space-time coding technique [1], nT radio frequency (RF) chains are employed to transmit signals simultaneously from nT transmit antennas. In this Letter, a lowcomplexity transmit diversity scheme with nT = 2 transmit antennas is proposed. The proposed system employs only one RF chain as well as a low-complexity switch for transmission.

Near Real-Time Exercise Machine Power Statistics Reporting, Brendan C. Asche

Master's Theses

Cal Poly’s Recreation Center expansion project provides an opportunity to implement Energy Harvesting From Exercise Machines (EHFEM). Part of this implementation is a system that reports the exercise machines’ energy production. Although products capable of reporting exercise machine energy harvesting statistics exist, they have limited capabilities. This thesis project defends a system capable of reporting exercise machine power statistics in near real-time.

The system consists of display, database, and power measurement modules. The display module presents statistics in an interactive, graphical, and widely-accessible way. The database module provides an efficient way of organizing and accessing stored statistics. Multiple power measurement …

High Voltage Resonant Self-Tracking Current-Fed Converter, Scott Logan Mcclusky

Master's Theses

High voltage power supply design presents unique requirements, combining safety, controllability, high performance, and high efficiencies. A new Resonant Self-Tracking Current-Fed Converter (RST-CFC) is investigated as a proof-of-concept of a high voltage power supply particularly for an X-ray system. These systems require fast voltage rise times and low ripple to yield a clear image.

The proposed converter implements high-frequency resonance among discrete components and transformer parasitics to achieve high voltage gain, and the self-tracking nature ensures operation at maximum gain while power switches achieve zero-voltage switching across the full load range. This converter exhibits an inherent indefinite short-circuit capability. Theoretical …

Receive Sensitivity Characterization Of The Polysat Satellite Communication System, Ivan M. Bland

Master's Theses

Following the successful launch of CP3 and CP4, the PolySat team noticed an unreliable uplink to both satellites. A significant problem with the PolySat COMM system is poor receive sensitivity of the communications system. Efforts have been made to improve the uplink margin, but without proper characterization of the receiver sensitivity, the problem cannot be fully addressed. By developing an accurate method of measuring receive sensitivity, a methodical approach can be used to properly diagnose the communication system and link budget. Two revisions of the PolySat COMM system will be measured and compared. An in-depth study of the PolySat COMM …

Novel And Simple High-Frequency Single-Port Vector Network Analyzer, Mohamed A. Abou-Khousa, Mark A. Baumgartner, Sergey Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Portable, accurate, and relatively inexpensive high-frequency vector network analyzers (VNAs) have great utility for a wide range of applications, encompassing microwave circuit characterization, reflectometry, imaging, material characterization, and nondestructive testing to name a few. To meet the rising demand for VNAs possessing the aforementioned attributes, we present a novel and simple VNA design based on a standing-wave probing device and an electronically controllable phase shifter. The phase shifter is inserted between a device under test (DUT) and a standing-wave probing device. The complex reflection coefficient of the DUT is then obtained from multiple standing-wave voltage measurements taken for several different …

A Model-Based Fault-Detection And Prediction Scheme For Nonlinear Multivariable Discrete-Time Systems With Asymptotic Stability Guarantees, Balaje T. Thumati, Sarangapani Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, a novel, unified model-Based fault-detection and prediction (FDP) scheme is developed for nonlinear multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) discrete-time systems. the proposed scheme addresses both state and output faults by considering separate time profiles. the faults, which could be incipient or abrupt, are modeled using input and output signals of the system. the fault-detection (FD) scheme comprises online approximator in discrete time (OLAD) with a robust adaptive term. an output residual is generated by comparing the FD estimator output with that of the measured system output. a fault is detected when this output residual exceeds a predefined threshold. Upon …

Wi-Fi Evapotranspiration Irrigation Controller, Ryan Goodman

Electrical Engineering

This report discusses the applications of an Irrigation Controller with Wi-Fi connectivity, with focus on cost-effectiveness and usability. It addresses the amount to which traditional irrigation is wasteful, and proposes solutions to solve this problem. Methods for using online weather data resources to increase efficiency of residential landscaping are discussed in depth. Included is the procedural development of an irrigation controller using the Microchip Explorer 16 Development Board and TCP/IP Stack. Also discussed is web hosting and use of the scripting language PHP, and database MySQL. This project found inexpensive means for providing HTTP and FTP services. Results indicate an …

Xins, Kyle Howen

Electrical Engineering

The XINS seeks to provide a navigation system that is sufficient for remote control or automation of a small UAV. This will be accomplished with a general knowledge in electrical engineering concepts and with equipment available to hobbyists.

This paper covers the theory of design and the first steps to prototyping an aircraft navigation system. Though no testing on actual aircraft was available, simulations and ground tests (in an automobile) were performed. All testing supported the intended function of the XINS.

Given some size and power supply modification, the presented XINS prototype should be able to provide all required data …

Historical Document Enhancement Using Lut Classification, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi, Gady Agam, Ophir Frieder

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The fast evolution of scanning and computing technologies in recent years has led to the creation of large collections of scanned historical documents. It is almost always the case that these scanned documents suffer from some form of degradation. Large degradations make documents hard to read and substantially deteriorate the performance of automated document processing systems. Enhancement of degraded document images is normally performed assuming global degradation models. When the degradation is large, global degradation models do not perform well. In contrast, we propose to learn local degradation models and use them in enhancing degraded document images. Using a semi-automated …

Design Of Asynchronous Circuits For High Soft Error Tolerance In Deep Submicron Cmos Circuits, Weidong Kuang, Peiyi Zhao, J. S. Yuan, R. F. Demara

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

As the devices are scaling down, the combinational logic will become susceptible to soft errors. The conventional soft error tolerant methods for soft errors on combinational logic do not provide enough high soft error tolerant capability with reasonably small performance penalty. This paper investigates the feasibility of designing quasi-delay insensitive (QDI) asynchronous circuits for high soft error tolerance. We analyze the behavior of null convention logic (NCL) circuits in the presence of particle strikes, and propose an asynchronous pipeline for soft-error correction and a novel technique to improve the robustness of threshold gates, which are basic components in NCL, against …

Barrier Coatings For Thin Film Solar Cells: Final Subcontract Report, L. C. Olsen

Publications (E)

This program has involved investigations of the stability of CdTe and copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS) solar cells under damp heat conditions and effects of barrier coatings. CdTe and CIGS cells were subjected to environmental conditions characterized by 60ºC and 90% relative humidity (60/90), and to some extent 85ºC and 85 % relative humidity (85/85). Barrier coating technology developed at PNNL for OLEDs was used to investigate approaches to encapsulation of the two types of thin film solar cells. Moisture barriers consisting of multi-layer coatings involving alternating layers of polymer and aluminum oxide were deposited directly onto the front surface of CIGS cells …

Novel Ac Side P&O Maximum Power Transfer Control For Grid Connected Photovoltaic Systems, Mohamed Moin Hanif, Malabika Basu, Kevin Gaughan

Conference papers

Grid connected Photovoltaic inverters can convert PV energy into electricity with very high efficiencies. Power from the PV panels fluctuates depending on various weather conditions. PV inverters usually include a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) to track this varying power, in order to transfer all the available power to the grid efficiently. Control of power transferred to the grid along with the MPPT plays a crucial role in determining the efficiency of a PV system. This paper discusses about the basic power transfer theory between sources (PV and Grid) and focuses on the need of a DC-DC boost circuit, along …

Shift Estimation Algorithm For Dynamic Sensors With Frame-To-Frame Variation In Their Spectral Response, Todd M. Giles, Majeed M. Hayat, Sanjay Krishna

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

This study is motivated by the emergence of a new class of tunable infrared spectral-imaging sensors that offer the ability to dynamically vary the sensor's intrinsic spectral response from frame to frame in an electronically controlled fashion. A manifestation of this is when a sequence of dissimilar spectral responses is periodically realized, whereby in every period of acquired imagery, each frame is associated with a distinct spectral band. Traditional scene-based global shift estimation algorithms are not applicable to such spectrally heterogeneous video sequences, as a pixel value may change from frame to frame as a result of both global motion …

Reverberation-Chamber Test Environment For Outdoor Urban Wireless Propagation Studies, Helge Fielitz, Kate A. Remley, Christopher L. Holloway, Qian Zhang, Qiong Wu, David W. Matolak

Faculty Publications

We introduce a test environment to replicate the well-known clustering of reflections in power delay profiles arising from late-time delays and reflections. Urban wireless propagation environments are known to exhibit such clustering. The test setup combines discrete reflections generated by a fading simulator with the continuous distribution of reflections created in a reverberation chamber. We describe measurements made in an urban environment in Denver, CO, that illustrate these multiple distributions of reflections. Our comparison of measurements made in the urban environment to those made in the new test environment shows good agreement.

Prediction Of Wind Speeds With An Artificial Neural Network, Justin Tracy

Electrical Engineering

This project involved designing and programming an artificial neural network, testing its function, and testing the resulting function against existing wind speed measurement data, in order to determine the ability of an artificial neural network to learn the relationship between measured data and future wind speed. The artificial neural network includes gradient momentum, batch training, incremental training, and a function to test the results of the trained neural network against an additional set of data without back propagation. It was first found that the artificial neural network was able perform unsupervised learning, and learn the model for a XOR gate. …