Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

Global Navigation Satellite System Software Defined Radio, Jason M. Mcginthy

Theses and Dissertations

The GNSS world is quickly growing. The United States’ GPS, the European Union’s Galileo, China’s Compass, and Russia’s GLONASS systems are all developing or modernizing their signals, and there will soon be more navigation satellites in space than ever before. The goal of this research was to develop an initial capability for an AFIT GNSS software receiver. This software receiver is intended to be used for research purposes at the Advanced Navigation Technology (ANT) Center. First a GPS-only software receiver was built. It successfully acquired, tracked, and provided reasonable position estimates. Next, the receiver was successfully modified to acquire and …

Development And Evaluation Of A Multistatic Ultrawideband Random Noise Radar, Matthew E. Nelms

Theses and Dissertations

This research studies the AFIT noise network (NoNET) radar node design and the feasibility in processing the bistatic channel information of a cluster of widely distributed noise radar nodes. A system characterization is used to predict theoretical localization performance metrics. Design and integration of a distributed and central signal and data processing architecture enables the Matlab®-driven signal data acquisition, digital processing and multi-sensor image fusion. Experimental evaluation of the monostatic localization performance reveals its range measurement error standard deviation is 4.8 cm with a range resolution of 87.2(±5.9) cm. The 16-channel multistatic solution results in a 2-dimensional localization error of …

Evidence Based Evaluation Research In Engineering, Kevin Kelly

Other resources

No abstract provided.

Digital Delay Device, Guna Seetharaman, Paul E. Kladitis

AFIT Patents

A digitally controlled optical delay apparatus providing optical signal delays electrically selectable in the picosecond to nanosecond range by way of selectable signal path lengths. Path lengths are incremented in physical length and path delay time according to digital ratios. The delay element includes micro-miniature path changing mirrors controlled in path length selecting positioning by input signals of logic level magnitude. Fiber optic coupling of signals to and from the delay element and a combination of fixed position and movable mirror included optical signal path lengths are included.

Multi-Aperture Coherent Change Detection And Interferometry For Synthetic Aperture Radar, David D. Madsen

Theses and Dissertations

Interferometry and coherent change detection (CCD) utilize phase differences between complex SAR images to find terrain height and to detect small changes between images, respectively. A new method for improving interferometry and CCD using multiple sub-apertures is proposed. Using backprojection processing, multiple sub-aperture images are created for a pair of flights. An interferogram and coherence map is made from each sub-aperture. For CCD, each sub-aperture coherence map offers an independent estimate of the coherence over the same area. By combining coherence maps, low coherence areas associated with residual motion errors are reduced, shadowed areas are minimized, and the overall coherence …

Average Run Length Of Two-Span Moving Sum Algorithms, Swarnendu Kar, Kishan G. Mehrotra, Pramod Varshney

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

Among the various procedures used to detect potential changes in a stochastic process the moving sum algorithms are very popular due to their intuitive appeal and good statistical performance. One of the important design parameters of a change detection algorithm is the expected interval between false positives, also known as the average run length (ARL). In this paper, we have derived closed form expressions of ARL for two special cases - namely the two-span moving sum and filtered derivative algorithms. We have assumed that the random variables are uniformly distributed.

Gusto: An Automatic Generation And Optimization Tool For Matrix Inversion Architectures, Ali Irturk, Bridget Benson, Shahnam Mirzaei, Ryan Kastner

Electrical Engineering

Matrix inversion is a common function found in many algorithms used in wireless communication systems. As FPGAs become an increasingly attractive platform for wireless communication, it is important to understand the trade-offs in designing a matrix inversion core on an FPGA. This article describes a matrix inversion core generator tool, GUSTO, that we developed to ease the design space exploration across different matrix inversion architectures. GUSTO is the first tool of its kind to provide automatic generation of a variety of general-purpose matrix inversion architectures with different parameterization options. GUSTO also provides an optimized applicationspecific architecture with an average of …

Approximation Of Average Run Length Of Moving Sum Algorithms Using Multivariate Probabilities, Swarnendu Kar, Kishan Mehrotra, Pramod Varshney

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - All Scholarship

Among the various procedures used to detect potential changes in a stochastic process the moving sum algorithms are very popular due to their intuitive appeal and good statistical performance. One of the important design parameters of a change detection algorithm is the expected interval between false positives, also known as the average run length (ARL). Computation of the ARL usually involves numerical procedures but in some cases it can be approximated using a series involving multivariate probabilities. In this paper, we present an analysis of this series approach by providing sufficient conditions for convergence and derive an error bound. Using …

Prediction Of Wind Speeds With An Artificial Neural Network, Justin Tracy

Electrical Engineering

This project involved designing and programming an artificial neural network, testing its function, and testing the resulting function against existing wind speed measurement data, in order to determine the ability of an artificial neural network to learn the relationship between measured data and future wind speed. The artificial neural network includes gradient momentum, batch training, incremental training, and a function to test the results of the trained neural network against an additional set of data without back propagation. It was first found that the artificial neural network was able perform unsupervised learning, and learn the model for a XOR gate. …

Transmission System Construction And Analysis, Siyuan Wang

Electrical Engineering

In this project we designed and analyzed a simple power system from scratch using Positive Sequence Load Flow (PSLF) and Computer Aided Protection Engineering (CAPE). PSLF is used to solve the balance transmission system. The simulation results from PSLF prove the proposed methodology numerical accuracy. Short circuit duty is simulated using CAPE to find the fault current each bus can have on the system, so engineers can protect the system with the appropriate protection scheme. This project totals two major loads with a combine MW intake of 450 MW. In order to supply multiple loads with constant power, the system …

Global Positioning Logger, Matthew Hall

Computer Engineering

The Global Positioning Logger (GPL) is a mobile embedded device that utilizes GPS technology. The GPS data is used to display current speed and past global locations.

Low-Complexity Transmit Diversity Scheme Using Moderate-Sized Signal Constellations, B. K. Khoo, P. Xiao, S. Y. Le Goff, B. S. Sharif, C. C. Tsimenidis

Electrical & Electronic Engineering

In the conventional space-time coding technique [1], nT radio frequency (RF) chains are employed to transmit signals simultaneously from nT transmit antennas. In this Letter, a lowcomplexity transmit diversity scheme with nT = 2 transmit antennas is proposed. The proposed system employs only one RF chain as well as a low-complexity switch for transmission.

A Model-Based Fault-Detection And Prediction Scheme For Nonlinear Multivariable Discrete-Time Systems With Asymptotic Stability Guarantees, Balaje T. Thumati, Sarangapani Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, a novel, unified model-Based fault-detection and prediction (FDP) scheme is developed for nonlinear multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) discrete-time systems. the proposed scheme addresses both state and output faults by considering separate time profiles. the faults, which could be incipient or abrupt, are modeled using input and output signals of the system. the fault-detection (FD) scheme comprises online approximator in discrete time (OLAD) with a robust adaptive term. an output residual is generated by comparing the FD estimator output with that of the measured system output. a fault is detected when this output residual exceeds a predefined threshold. Upon …

Novel And Simple High-Frequency Single-Port Vector Network Analyzer, Mohamed A. Abou-Khousa, Mark A. Baumgartner, Sergey Kharkovsky, R. Zoughi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Portable, accurate, and relatively inexpensive high-frequency vector network analyzers (VNAs) have great utility for a wide range of applications, encompassing microwave circuit characterization, reflectometry, imaging, material characterization, and nondestructive testing to name a few. To meet the rising demand for VNAs possessing the aforementioned attributes, we present a novel and simple VNA design based on a standing-wave probing device and an electronically controllable phase shifter. The phase shifter is inserted between a device under test (DUT) and a standing-wave probing device. The complex reflection coefficient of the DUT is then obtained from multiple standing-wave voltage measurements taken for several different …

Historical Document Enhancement Using Lut Classification, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi, Gady Agam, Ophir Frieder

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The fast evolution of scanning and computing technologies in recent years has led to the creation of large collections of scanned historical documents. It is almost always the case that these scanned documents suffer from some form of degradation. Large degradations make documents hard to read and substantially deteriorate the performance of automated document processing systems. Enhancement of degraded document images is normally performed assuming global degradation models. When the degradation is large, global degradation models do not perform well. In contrast, we propose to learn local degradation models and use them in enhancing degraded document images. Using a semi-automated …

Shift Estimation Algorithm For Dynamic Sensors With Frame-To-Frame Variation In Their Spectral Response, Todd M. Giles, Majeed M. Hayat, Sanjay Krishna

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

This study is motivated by the emergence of a new class of tunable infrared spectral-imaging sensors that offer the ability to dynamically vary the sensor's intrinsic spectral response from frame to frame in an electronically controlled fashion. A manifestation of this is when a sequence of dissimilar spectral responses is periodically realized, whereby in every period of acquired imagery, each frame is associated with a distinct spectral band. Traditional scene-based global shift estimation algorithms are not applicable to such spectrally heterogeneous video sequences, as a pixel value may change from frame to frame as a result of both global motion …

Barrier Coatings For Thin Film Solar Cells: Final Subcontract Report, L. C. Olsen

Publications (E)

This program has involved investigations of the stability of CdTe and copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS) solar cells under damp heat conditions and effects of barrier coatings. CdTe and CIGS cells were subjected to environmental conditions characterized by 60ºC and 90% relative humidity (60/90), and to some extent 85ºC and 85 % relative humidity (85/85). Barrier coating technology developed at PNNL for OLEDs was used to investigate approaches to encapsulation of the two types of thin film solar cells. Moisture barriers consisting of multi-layer coatings involving alternating layers of polymer and aluminum oxide were deposited directly onto the front surface of CIGS cells …

Wi-Fi Evapotranspiration Irrigation Controller, Ryan Goodman

Electrical Engineering

This report discusses the applications of an Irrigation Controller with Wi-Fi connectivity, with focus on cost-effectiveness and usability. It addresses the amount to which traditional irrigation is wasteful, and proposes solutions to solve this problem. Methods for using online weather data resources to increase efficiency of residential landscaping are discussed in depth. Included is the procedural development of an irrigation controller using the Microchip Explorer 16 Development Board and TCP/IP Stack. Also discussed is web hosting and use of the scripting language PHP, and database MySQL. This project found inexpensive means for providing HTTP and FTP services. Results indicate an …

Xins, Kyle Howen

Electrical Engineering

The XINS seeks to provide a navigation system that is sufficient for remote control or automation of a small UAV. This will be accomplished with a general knowledge in electrical engineering concepts and with equipment available to hobbyists.

This paper covers the theory of design and the first steps to prototyping an aircraft navigation system. Though no testing on actual aircraft was available, simulations and ground tests (in an automobile) were performed. All testing supported the intended function of the XINS.

Given some size and power supply modification, the presented XINS prototype should be able to provide all required data …

Near Real-Time Exercise Machine Power Statistics Reporting, Brendan C. Asche

Master's Theses

Cal Poly’s Recreation Center expansion project provides an opportunity to implement Energy Harvesting From Exercise Machines (EHFEM). Part of this implementation is a system that reports the exercise machines’ energy production. Although products capable of reporting exercise machine energy harvesting statistics exist, they have limited capabilities. This thesis project defends a system capable of reporting exercise machine power statistics in near real-time.

The system consists of display, database, and power measurement modules. The display module presents statistics in an interactive, graphical, and widely-accessible way. The database module provides an efficient way of organizing and accessing stored statistics. Multiple power measurement …