A Microfluidic Method To Measure Diffusion In Hydrogels,
2010
Bucknell University
A Microfluidic Method To Measure Diffusion In Hydrogels, Andrew Lee Litzenberger
Master’s Theses
A novel microfluidic method is proposed for studying diffusion of small molecules in a hydrogel. Microfluidic devices were prepared with semi-permeable microchannels defined by crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Uptake of dye molecules from aqueous solutions flowing through the microchannels was observedoptically and diffusion of the dye into the hydrogel was quantified. To complement the diffusion measurements from the microfluidic studies, nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) characterization of the diffusion of dye in the PEG hydrogels was performed. The diffusion of small molecules in a hydrogel is relevant to applications such asdrug delivery and modeling transport for tissue-engineering applications. The diffusion of small …
Solid-State Compatibilization Of Immiscible Polymer Blends: Cryogenic Milling And Solid-State Shear Pulverization,
2010
Bucknell University
Solid-State Compatibilization Of Immiscible Polymer Blends: Cryogenic Milling And Solid-State Shear Pulverization, Marc Frederick Henry
Master’s Theses
The blending of common polymers allows for the rapid and facile synthesis of new materials with highly tunable properties at a fraction of the costs of new monomer development and synthesis. Most blends of polymers, however, are completely immiscible and separate into distinct phases with minimal phase interaction, severelydegrading the performance of the material. Cross-phase interactions and property enhancement can be achieved with these blends through reactive processing or compatibilizer addition. A new class of blend compatibilization relies on the mechanochemical reactions between polymer chains via solid-state, high energy processing. Two contrasting mechanochemical processing techniques are explored in this thesis: …
A General Approach Towards The Synthesis Of Amido-Functionalized Biodegradable Polyesters,
2010
Bucknell University
A General Approach Towards The Synthesis Of Amido-Functionalized Biodegradable Polyesters, Joseph Russell
Master’s Theses
The thesis presented here describes methodologies to produce pendant group functionalized polyesters from amido-functionalized α-hydroxy acids. The synthetic methods used to produce the functionalized α-hydroxy acids are compatible with a wide array of functional groups, making this technique highly versatile. The synthesis of functionalized polyesters was investigated to develop polymers with properties that may improve the capabilities of existing biodegradable polyesters for applications in controlled release pharmaceuticals. Chemically modified a-hydroxy acids were synthesized by reacting glyoxylic acid with a primary or secondary amide. To demonstrate the utility of this reaction, fourstructurally dissimilar amide substituents were examined including 2-pyrrolidione, benzamide, acetamide …
Desulfurization And Tar Removal From Gasifier Effluents Using Mixed Rare Earth Oxides,
2010
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Desulfurization And Tar Removal From Gasifier Effluents Using Mixed Rare Earth Oxides, Sumana Adusumilli
LSU Master's Theses
Biomass gasification is a promising source of fuels. However, hydrogen sulphide, tars and other by-products must be removed from the raw gas because they deactivate downstream reforming and water gas shift catalysts. The goal of this project is to find the best REO combination for simultaneous tar cracking and desulfurization of gasifier effluents and to find the sorbents that are stable at high operating temperatures of gasifiers. Simultaneous tar cracking and H2S removal from a simulated gasifier effluent was tested using different rare earth mixed oxide (REO) catalysts/sorbents based on Ce/LaOx, Ce/La/MOx and Ce/La/M2Ox/Al2O3 where M is a transition metal …
An Experimental Study Of Surfactant Enhanced Waterflooding,
2010
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
An Experimental Study Of Surfactant Enhanced Waterflooding, Paulina Metili Mwangi
LSU Master's Theses
Surfactants have a variety of applications in the petroleum industry due to their remarkable ability to lower the oil-water interfacial tension and alter wettability. However, surfactant adsorption on rock surfaces has severely crippled this means of improving oil recovery due to the high cost associated with the large quantities of surfactant needed. A previous experimental study by Ayirala (2002) reported the development of mixed wettability using a nonionic surfactant. At this mixed-wet state he was able to recover about 94% of the original oil in place. The underlying motivation of this study was to achieve such high recoveries without using …
Response Surface Optimization Of Crystal Violet Decolorization By Pellets Of Pyncnoporus Sanguineus.,
2010
Universiti Malaya
Response Surface Optimization Of Crystal Violet Decolorization By Pellets Of Pyncnoporus Sanguineus., Siti Suhana Sulaiman
Student Works (2010-2019)
Ligninolytic enzymes of white-rot fungi have broad specificities and have been implicated in transformation and mineralization of organo-pollutant with chemical structure similar to lignin e.g. synthetic dyes. This study was carried out to optimize selected parameters for decolorization of Crystal violet by Pycnoporus sanguineus in shake flasks. The parameters studied were initial dye concentration (ppm), agitation speed (rpm) and process time. They were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Subsequent to the optimization, the decolorization process was scaled up in stirred tank reactor (STR). Effect of different geometry of impellers on the decolorization process was studied. Curved blade and angled …
Characteristics Of Proton Conducting Pva-Chitosan Polymer Blend Electrolytes.,
2010
Universiti Malaya
Characteristics Of Proton Conducting Pva-Chitosan Polymer Blend Electrolytes., Mohd Fakhrul Zamani Abdul Kadir
Student Works (2010-2019)
The main focus of this present work is to build a good conducting solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) based on chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) blend. Solution cast technique has been employed to produce sample films in this work. From the scanning electron micrographs (SEM) the surface morphology of the blend containing 40 wt.% chitosan and 60 wt.% PVA (C4P6) is homogenous and miscible in one and another. The C4P6 film is the most amorphous and is the best candidate for the polymer host in the electrolyte systems studied in the present work. Ammonium Nitrate (NH4NO3) is the doping salt that provides …
Electrodeposition Of Tin Using Tin (Ii) Methanesulfonate From Mixture Of Ionic Liquid And Methane Sulfonic Acid.,
2010
Universiti Malaya
Electrodeposition Of Tin Using Tin (Ii) Methanesulfonate From Mixture Of Ionic Liquid And Methane Sulfonic Acid., Yang Kok Kee
Student Works (2010-2019)
The electrodeposition of tin from Tin(II) Methane Sulfonate (MSA) with varying concentration in air and water stable 1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium trifluoromethanesulfonate, (BMPOTF) ionic liquid at room temperature was studied. Cyclic Voltammetry served to characterize the electrochemical behavior of tin reduction and oxidation. The diffusion coefficient of stannous ions in the mixture of BMPOTF ionic liquid and MSA based electrolyte obtained via Randles-Sevcik and Cottrell equation was 2 × 10-7 cm2/s. Electroplating on copper panel was conducted under different current densities to determine BMPOTF based tin plating solution current efficiency. Mixture of BMPOTF and MSA based tin plating solution gave current efficiency as …
Synthesis Of Urethane Acrylate Macromer From Palm Oil-Based Polyol And Its Application As A Resin For Dental Composite.,
2010
Universiti Malaya
Synthesis Of Urethane Acrylate Macromer From Palm Oil-Based Polyol And Its Application As A Resin For Dental Composite., Fadhel A. A. Alsanabani
Student Works (2010-2019)
A slightly branched urethane acrylate macromer (UAM) was synthesized by reacting palm oil-based polyol with excess amounts of polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) to form urethane prepolymer, then reacted with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the urethane and grafted acrylate groups. 0.2% by weight of camphoroquinone (CQ) and 0.8% by weight of ethyl-4-N,N-dimethylamino-benzoate (4EDMAB) by weight were added to render the experimental resins light-curable. Their viscosity, percentage of degree of conversion (%DC) and cross-linking density (CLD), percentage of volumetric polymerization shrinkage (%VPS), water sorption and solubility, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity and toughness were determined and compared to …
Thermo-Electrical And Mechanical Studies On Polymer-Organically Modified Montmorillonite Composite.,
2010
Universiti Malaya
Thermo-Electrical And Mechanical Studies On Polymer-Organically Modified Montmorillonite Composite., Norhana Abdul Halim
Student Works (2010-2019)
The field of polymer-nanoclay composite has attracted a lot of attention in materials studies due to the dramatic improvement on polymers characteristics. For example mechanical and thermal properties, chemical resistance as well as the reduced gas permeability. However, structural changes and the mechanisms that may contribute to these improvements are not fully understood. In this work, the study on polymer nanoclay composite concentrates on the effects of OMON inclusion within different polymer matrix systems. The matrixes are a series of natural rubbers (Standard Malaysia Rubber – Latex grade (SMRL); Deproteinized Natural Rubber (DPNR) and Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR-50)), plasticized Polyvinyl …
Electrical And Structural Studies Of Polyacrylonitrile (Pan) Complexed With Inorganic Salts.,
2010
Universiti Malaya
Electrical And Structural Studies Of Polyacrylonitrile (Pan) Complexed With Inorganic Salts., Khairul Bahiyah Md Isa
Student Works (2010-2019)
In the present study, polymer electrolyte films composed of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a host polymer, ethylene carbonate (EC) as the plasticizer and lithium triflate (LiCF3SO3) and sodium triflate (NaCF3SO3) as dopant salts were prepared by the solution cast technique. Five systems of polymer electrolytes films have been prepared; these systems are the plasticized-PAN system i.e. PAN-EC system, two salted-PAN systems i.e. PAN-LiCF3SO3 and PAN-NaCF3SO3, and two plasticized-salted PAN systems i.e. PAN-EC-LiCF3SO3 and PAN-EC-NaCF3SO3. The pure PAN film was prepared as a reference. The ionic conductivity for each system is characterized using impedance spectroscopy. The room temperature conductivity of the pure …
Synthesis Of Chromium-Based Ziegler-Natta Catalysts And Thier Application In Ethylene Polymerization And Copolymerization.,
2010
Universiti Malaya
Synthesis Of Chromium-Based Ziegler-Natta Catalysts And Thier Application In Ethylene Polymerization And Copolymerization., Wong Jun Xuan
Student Works (2010-2019)
Four chromium-based oxo-trinuclear carboxylate complexes were prepared by reacting Cr(NO3).9H2O with acetic acid and substituted carboxylic acids to produce [Cr3O(CH3COO)6.3H2O]NO3.7H2O,[Cr3O(ClCH2COO)6.3H2O]NO3.3H2O, [Cr3O(Cl2CHCOO)6.3H2O]NO3.H2O and [Cr3O(Cl3CCOO)6.3H2O]NO3.2H2O, which alysis (TGA).Chromium content in each complex was determined by titrimetry method and the result was in good agreement with that from TGA. Chromium(III)monochloroacetate complex[Cr3O(ClCH2COO)6.3H2O]NO3.3H2O in combination with diethylaluminium chloride formed heterogeneous catalyst system for ethylene polymerization and ethylene-propylene copolymerization. Both Al/Cr ratio and temperature influenced the catalytic activity. The maximum activity of ethylene polymerization was 1768 gPE/gCr/hr/atm, achieved by polymerizing ethylene at 29°C with Al/Cr ratio 30.8. Effect of chloro-substituent groups on carboxylic ligand was studied …
Electrodeposition Of Tin Using Tin(Ii) Methanesulfonate From Mixture Of Ionic Liquid And Methane Sulfonic Acid.,
2010
Universiti Malaya
Electrodeposition Of Tin Using Tin(Ii) Methanesulfonate From Mixture Of Ionic Liquid And Methane Sulfonic Acid., Yang Kok Kee
Student Works (2010-2019)
The electrodeposition of tin from Tin(II) Methane Sulfonate (MSA) with varying concentration in air and water stable 1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium trifluoromethanesulfonate, (BMPOTF) ionic liquid at room temperature was studied. Cyclic Voltammetry served to characterize the electrochemical behavior of tin reduction and oxidation. The diffusion coefficient of stannous ions in the mixture of BMPOTF ionic liquid and MSA based electrolyte obtained via Randles-Sevcik and Cottrell equation was 2 × 10-7 cm2/s. Electroplating on copper panel was conducted under different current densities to determine BMPOTF based tin plating solution current efficiency. Mixture of BMPOTF and MSA based tin plating solution gave current efficiency as …
Effect Of Selected Physical And Chemical Parameters On Crystal Violet Decolorization By Immobilized Laccase.,
2010
Universiti Malaya
Effect Of Selected Physical And Chemical Parameters On Crystal Violet Decolorization By Immobilized Laccase., Nur Atiqah Ismail
Student Works (2010-2019)
Synthetic dyes are used for coloration of various materials like textiles, leather and food. Wastewater from dyeing industries constitutes a threat to the environment as many synthetic dyes are often toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic. Besides, light absorption is hindered by the dyes run-off creating problems to photosynthetic aquatic plants and algae. Biodegradation of waste dyestuff with enzymes provides a viable alternative compared to the often expensive physical/chemical methods. Laccase from Trametes versicolor was chosen in this study as it exhibits low substrate specificity and high ability to oxidize many pollutants which suggested its potential in wastewater treatment and bioremediation. The …
A Simulation Study Of Factors That Affect Pressure Control During Kick Circulation In Managed Pressure Drilling Operations,
2010
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
A Simulation Study Of Factors That Affect Pressure Control During Kick Circulation In Managed Pressure Drilling Operations, Jose Eduardo Eduardo Chirinos
LSU Master's Theses
An university-industry consortium has been studying alternative well control procedures to be used for kicks taken during managed pressure drilling (MPD) operations using the constant bottom hole pressure (CBHP) method. The CBHP method of MPD allows more precise control of wellbore pressure than conventional drilling. MPD surface equipment allows more alternatives for controlling a kick and may support faster detection of kicks and losses which can reduce the severity of a well control event. Nevertheless, the elimination of well control incidents cannot be guaranteed, and the uncertainty in downhole drilling margins are not reduced by adopting MPD methods. The primary …
Surfactant-Induced Flow Behavior Effects In Gas Condensate Reservoirs,
2010
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Surfactant-Induced Flow Behavior Effects In Gas Condensate Reservoirs, Bikash Deep. Saikia
LSU Master's Theses
Natural gas, which accounts for a quarter of world’s energy, has been a major energy source because of its abundance and less impact on environment. With explorations at higher depth, pressure and temperature, the share of gas condensate reservoirs to global gas production is increasing. A unique production challenge associated with these reservoirs is the condensate blockage problem, which is the buildup of condensate liquid saturation around wellbore as a result of drawdown below dew point pressure. Mitigation of this problem requires in depth understanding of the multiphase flow of liquid and gas. Surfactants are well known in the literature …
Experimental Study On Single Cement Fracture Exposed To Co2 Saturated Brine Under Dynamic Conditions,
2010
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Experimental Study On Single Cement Fracture Exposed To Co2 Saturated Brine Under Dynamic Conditions, Tevfik Yalcinkaya
LSU Master's Theses
Carbon capture and storage is one of the technologies that could help reduce CO2 concentration in the atmosphere while contributing to cutback of Greenhouse Gas emissions. Depleted oil and gas fields are favorable targets for CO2 storage because existing wells can be readily used as injection wells. However, a number of abandoned wells also serve as gateway to the reservoir which should be considered in the context of effective Carbon capture and storage. Wellbore cement is a very essential element in wellbore systems that serve as a barrier between different zones in the subsurface. The fractures inside wellbore cement sheath, …
In-Plane Thermal Conductivity Modeling Of Carbon Filled Liquid Crystal Polymer Based Resins,
2010
Michigan Technological University
In-Plane Thermal Conductivity Modeling Of Carbon Filled Liquid Crystal Polymer Based Resins, Tayloria N. G. Adams
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open
Adding conductive carbon fillers to insulating thermoplastic resins increases composite electrical and thermal conductivity. Often, as much of a single type of carbon filler is added to achieve the desired conductivity, while still allowing the material to be molded into a bipolar plate for a fuel cell. In this study, varying amounts of three different carbons (carbon black, synthetic graphite particles, and carbon fiber) were added to Vectra A950RX Liquid Crystal Polymer. The in-plane thermal conductivity of the resulting single filler composites were tested. The results showed that adding synthetic graphite particles caused the largest increase in the in-plane thermal …
X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Applied To Mixed-Metal Iron-Based Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts,
2010
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Applied To Mixed-Metal Iron-Based Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts, Andrew Allen Campos
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Synthetic fuels derived from methane, coal or biomass are essential in addressing future transportation fuel demands which are expected to exceed petroleum-derived capacities. The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is the most studied technique for the conversion of coal or biomass-derived syngas into transportation fuels. Fe-based catalysts are typically used for the FTS of biomass and/or coal-derived syngas due to: the relatively low cost of iron, water-gas shift activity, and low methane selectivity at industrial FTS conditions. Fe/Cu/SiO2 Fischer-Tropsch catalysts promoted with Cr, Mn, Mo, W, or Zr were studied in-situ, using Fe K-edge TPR XANES (temperature programmed reduction X-ray absorption near-edge …
Transient Study Of The Wetting Films In Porous Media Using 3d X-Ray Computed Micro-Tomography: Effect Of Imbibition Rate And Pore Geometry,
2010
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Transient Study Of The Wetting Films In Porous Media Using 3d X-Ray Computed Micro-Tomography: Effect Of Imbibition Rate And Pore Geometry, Pradeep Bhattad
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Imbibition in porous media is governed by the complex interplay between viscous and capillary forces, pore structure and fluid properties. Understanding and predicting imbibition is important in many natural and engineered applications; it affects the efficiency of oil production operations, the moisture and contaminant transport in soil science, and the formation of defects in certain types of composite materials. Majority of the studies published on the transient imbibition behavior in a porous medium were conducted in the simplified 2D transparent micromodels or the 2D projection visualization (X-ray or visible light) of the 3D porous medium. However, the pore level transient …
