Physical Impact Of Waterjet-Based Sediment Remediation On Benthic Organisms,
2011
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Physical Impact Of Waterjet-Based Sediment Remediation On Benthic Organisms, Grace Harper, Andrew Curtis Elmore, Christopher Redell, Gavin Risley, Joel Gerard Burken
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Adding Activated Carbon to Sediments Has Been Shown to Be an Effective Means of Reducing the Bioavailability of Certain Contaminants. the Current State of the Practice is to Mechanically Mix Activated Carbon to a Target Concentration of 3 Percent at Depths of Approximately 30 Cm using a Rotovator or Similar Construction Equipment. Waterjets Have Been Used to Cut Hard Material using a Mixture of Water and an Abrasive. If Activated Carbon is Substituted for the Abrasive, Waterjets Have the Potential to Use Surface Injection as a Replacement for Mechanical Mixing during Sediment Remediation. a Perceived Benefit of Waterjet-Based Sediment Remediation …
Development Of A Waterjet System For Direct Delivery Of Granular Iron And Activated Carbon To Remediate Contaminated Aqueous Sediments,
2011
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Development Of A Waterjet System For Direct Delivery Of Granular Iron And Activated Carbon To Remediate Contaminated Aqueous Sediments, Gavin H.R. Risley, Andrew Curtis Elmore, Joel Gerard Burken, Grzegorz (Greg) Galecki
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
While the Techniques and Technologies Associated with Contaminated Sediment Remediation Are Relatively Mature, There Are Several Issues Associated with These Practices that Make Them Unattractive. the Inability of Currently Used Mechanical Mixing Implements to Place Amendments in Aqueous Environments and their Intrusive Behavior toward Benthic Communities Are Just Two Examples of a Necessity for an Improved Delivery Method. Waterjets May Be a Viable Option for Placement of Particulate Remediation Amendments, Such as Activated Carbon and Granular Iron, at Depth. a Custom Waterjet Nozzle and Injection System Has Been Fabricated by the Authors to Examine This Delivery Concept. the Developed Injection …
Advancements In Solid Acid Catalysts For Ecofriendly And Economically Viable Synthesis Of Biodiesel,
2011
Banaras Hindu University
Advancements In Solid Acid Catalysts For Ecofriendly And Economically Viable Synthesis Of Biodiesel, Yogesh C. Sharma, Bhaskar Singh, John Korstad
College of Science and Engineering Faculty Research and Scholarship
Solid acid (heterogeneous) catalysts have a unique advantage in esterification and transesterification reactions which enhances the use of high acid value oil to be used as feedstock for synthesis of biodiesel. Various solid acid catalysts such as resins, tungstated and sulfated zirconia, polyaniline sulfate, heteropolyacid, metal complexes, sulfated tin oxide, zeolite, acidic ionic liquid, and others have been explored as potential heterogeneous catalysts. The activity of the catalyst differs slightly resulting in moderate to high conversion and yield. The reuse of the solid catalyst is governed by their deactivation, poisoning, and the extent of leaching in the reaction medium. The …
A Critical Review On Recent Methods Used For Economically Viable And Eco-Friendly Development Of Microalgae As A Potential Feedstock For Synthesis Of Biodiesel,
2011
Banaras Hindu University
A Critical Review On Recent Methods Used For Economically Viable And Eco-Friendly Development Of Microalgae As A Potential Feedstock For Synthesis Of Biodiesel, Yogesh C. Sharma, Bhaskar Singh, John Korstad
College of Science and Engineering Faculty Research and Scholarship
Microalgae are being considered as a viable feedstock for large-scale production of biodiesel. However, though it may look simpler to obtain lipids from microalgae, the overall process of choosing an algal strain, cultivation, harvesting, dewatering, and extraction of oil is quite complicated and not economically prudent at this time. A thorough understanding of algae and the overall biodiesel production process discussed in this paper is vital so that focused research might lower the costs involved. Various diverse species of microalgae are currently being used as feedstocks for biofuel. Heterotrophic culture may be preferred over photoautotrophic cultivation. For cultivation, specially fabricated …
Modeling Diverse Physics Of Nanoparticle Self-Assembly In Pulsed Laser-Irradiated Metallic Films,
2011
Western Kentucky University
Modeling Diverse Physics Of Nanoparticle Self-Assembly In Pulsed Laser-Irradiated Metallic Films, Mikhail Khenner
Mathematics Faculty Publications
Presents physics behind dewetting of thin liquid films and mathematical/computational modeling tools (Educational/Research presentation for senior physics majors).
Stability Of A Strongly Anisotropic Thin Epitaxial Film In A Wetting Interaction With Elastic Substrate,
2011
Western Kentucky University
Stability Of A Strongly Anisotropic Thin Epitaxial Film In A Wetting Interaction With Elastic Substrate, Mikhail Khenner, Wondimu T. Tekalign, Margo S. Levine
Mathematics Faculty Publications
The linear dispersion relation for longwave surface perturbations, as derived by Levine et al. Phys. Rev. B 75, 205312 (2007) is extended to include a smooth surface energy anisotropy function with a variable anisotropy strength (from weak to strong, such that sharp corners and slightly curved facets occur on the corresponding Wulff shape). Through detailed parametric studies it is shown that a combination of a wetting interaction and strong anisotropy, and even a wetting interaction alone results in complicated linear stability characteristics of strained and unstrained films.
Stability Of A Strongly Anisotropic Thin Epitaxial Film In A Wetting Interaction With Elastic Substrate,
2011
Western Kentucky University
Stability Of A Strongly Anisotropic Thin Epitaxial Film In A Wetting Interaction With Elastic Substrate, Mikhail Khenner, Wondimu Tekalign, Margo Levine
Mathematics Faculty Publications
The linear dispersion relation for longwave surface perturbations, as derived by Levine et al. Phys. Rev. B 75, 205312 (2007) is extended to include a smooth surface energy anisotropy function with a variable anisotropy strength (from weak to strong, such that sharp corners and slightly curved facets occur on the corresponding Wulff shape). Through detailed parametric studies it is shown that a combination of a wetting interaction and strong anisotropy, and even a wetting interaction alone results in complicated linear stability characteristics of strained and unstrained films.
Computational Models Of Chemical Systems Inspired By Braess’ Paradox,
2011
Cornell University
Computational Models Of Chemical Systems Inspired By Braess’ Paradox, Dante Lepore, Carl Barratt, Pauline Schwartz
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications
Systems chemistry is a new discipline which investigates the interactions within a network of chemical reactions. We have studied several computational models of chemical systems inspired by mathematical paradoxes and have found that even simple systems may behave in a counterintuitive, non-linear manner depending upon various conditions. In the present study, we modeled a set of reactions inspired by one such paradox, Braess’ paradox, an interesting phenomenon whereby the introduction of additional capacity (e.g. pathways) in some simple network systems can lead to an unexpected reduction in the overall flow rate of “traffic” through the system. We devised several chemical …
Reinforced Chitosan-Based Heart Valve Scaffold And Utility Of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells For Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering,
2011
Wayne State University
Reinforced Chitosan-Based Heart Valve Scaffold And Utility Of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells For Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering, Mohammad Z. Albanna
Wayne State University Dissertations
Recent research has demonstrated a strong correlation between the differentiation profile of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and scaffold stiffness. Chitosan is being widely studied for tissue engineering applications due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, its use in load-bearing applications is limited due to moderate to low mechanical properties. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of a fiber reinforcement method for enhancing the mechanical properties of chitosan scaffolds. Chitosan fibers were fabricated using a solution extrusion and neutralization method and incorporated into porous chitosan scaffolds. The effects of different fiber/scaffold mass ratios, fiber mechanical properties and fiber lengths on …
Methodological Study On Technology Integration For Sustainable Manufacturing In The Surface Finishing Industry,
2011
Wayne State University
Methodological Study On Technology Integration For Sustainable Manufacturing In The Surface Finishing Industry, Tamer Girgis
Wayne State University Dissertations
Today, industries explore advanced techniques to enhance their development efforts to meet the goals of sustainability due to various challenges which is caused by industrial globalization, high energy and raw material costs, increased environmental regulations and social pressures, and new technological innovations. In order for an industrial process to become sustainable, it is essential to improve the process inputs efficiency from raw materials and energy while maintaining highest productivity and quality; in addition to, minimizing waste generation and the impact on the environment. Engaging in industrial sustainability requires major efforts from decision makers to implement advanced technologies to satisfy each …
Impact Of Porogens On The Pore Characteristics Of Zirconia Particles Made By Polymer-Induced Colloid Aggregation,
2011
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Impact Of Porogens On The Pore Characteristics Of Zirconia Particles Made By Polymer-Induced Colloid Aggregation, Abhinandan Pattanayak, Anuradha Subramanian
Anuradha Subramanian Publications
Zirconia particles were prepared from a 20% colloidal sol (ZrO2) by the polymer-induced colloid aggregation (PICA) process, both in the presence and absence of porogens. Specifically, porous zirconia particles having varying porosity were prepared by a two-step protocol wherein a porogen was first embedded during the particle synthesis, followed by its removal in a subsequent step. In this research study, the ability of four different types of porogens, viz. fumed silica, micronized high molecular weight polyethylene emulsion ME09730, and microcrystalline waxes ME48040M2 and ME98040M1, to impact the pore size, porosity, and pore area were investigated. Particle morphology and …
Hydration Repulsion Effects Of The Formation Of Supported Lipid Bylayers,
2011
University of Rhode Island
Hydration Repulsion Effects Of The Formation Of Supported Lipid Bylayers, Selver Ahmed, Rajesh Raman Madathingal, Stephanie L. Wunder, Yanjing Chen, Geoffrey D. Bothun
Chemical, Biomolecular, and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
When zwitterionic lipids fuse onto substrates such as silica (SiO2), the water of hydration between the two approaching surfaces must be removed, giving rise to an effective hydration repulsion. Removal of water around the polar headgroups of the lipid and the silanols (SiOH) of SiO2 allows supported lipid bilayer (SLB) formation, although an interstitial water layer remains between the lipid and surface. The importance of hydration repulsion in SLB formation is demonstrated by monitoring fusion of zwitterionic lipids onto silica (SiO2) nanoparticles heat treated to control the silanol group (SiOH) density and thus the amount of bound …
Multicomponent Folate-Targeted Magnetoliposomes: Design, Characterization, And Cellular Uptake,
2011
University of Rhode Island
Multicomponent Folate-Targeted Magnetoliposomes: Design, Characterization, And Cellular Uptake, Geoffrey D. Bothun, Alline Lelis, Yanjing Chen, Kyle Scully, Linnea E. Anderson, Matthew A. Stoner
Chemical, Biomolecular, and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
Folate-targeted cationic magnetoliposomes (FTMLs) have been prepared with coencapsulated doxorubicin (DOX) and anionic superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles (NPs) with 5 nm γ-Fe2O3 cores and 16 nm hydrodynamic diameters. NP encapsulation (89%) was confirmed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the presence of the oppositely charged NPs did not cause liposome aggregation. The FTMLs had an average diameter of 174 ± 53 nm and existed as unilamellar and cup-shaped liposomes, which was attributed to dissimilar lipid packing parameters and the presence of PEG-lipids. A 3-fold increase in DOX release was achieved over 2 hours when the …
Investigation Of Microbubble/Droplet Formation In Cross-Flow And Co-Flow Micro Devices,
2011
Louisiana Tech University
Investigation Of Microbubble/Droplet Formation In Cross-Flow And Co-Flow Micro Devices, Tom J. John
Doctoral Dissertations
The primary goal of the work presented in this dissertation is to generate microbubbles of a diameter of less than 15μm inside micro channels. In order to achieve this detailed understanding, the facts and limitations behind the generation of microbubbles inside a micro channel are determined from existing literature. The major limitations of the current bubble/droplet generators are found to be the bubble confinement effect, the merging of bubbles, the difficulty in determining bubble diameter and the need for smaller channels to generate smaller bubbles. A device eliminating these drawbacks is conceptualized, and its feasibility is studied using COMSOL® and …
The Impact Of Driving Conditions On Phev Battery Performance,
2011
Western Michigan University
The Impact Of Driving Conditions On Phev Battery Performance, Nathan Christensen, John Patten, Steven Srivastava, Gary P. Nola
Green Manufacturing Research Journal
The battery performance of a modified Prius with a 5 kWh plug-in battery was documented for a year to determine the impact of environmental conditions and user attributes on vehicle performance. Both fuel economy and pure electrical efficiency were compared to ambient temperature. The fuel economy has a positive relationship with ambient temperature until approximately 70˚F where the efficiency begins to drop. Electrical performance has a positive linear relationship with ambient temperature. With the emergence of electric vehicles (EVs) and PHEVs from a variety of automotive manufacturers, information on EV and PHEV performance for consumers will become more important.
The Bioactivity And Ion Release Of Titanium-Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Cements For Medical Applications,
2011
Missouri University of Science and Technology
The Bioactivity And Ion Release Of Titanium-Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Cements For Medical Applications, A. W. Wren, N. M. Cummins, F. R. Laffir, S. P. Hudson, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The ion release profiles and bioactivity of a series of Ti containing glass polyalkenoate cements. Characterization revealed each material to be amorphous with a Tg in the region of 650-660°C. The network connectivity decreased (1.83-1.35) with the addition of TiO2 which was also evident with analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Ion release from cements were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy for zinc (Zn2+), calcium (Ca2+), strontium (Sr2+), Silica (Si4+) and titanium (Ti4+). Ions such as Zn2+ (0.1-2.0 mg/l), Ca2+ (2.0-8.3 mg/l,) Sr2+ (0.1-3.9 mg/l), and Si4+ …
Co2 Adsorption On Solid Sorbents,
2011
University of Mississippi
Co2 Adsorption On Solid Sorbents, Bingyu Li
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sorbent-based CO2 capture technology is considered as one of the potential scientific techniques for mitigating greenhouse gas emission. Major advantages of sorbent based adsorption are its low regeneration energy coupled with the elimination of corrosion and equipment degradation characteristic of amine based solvent CO2 capture systems which are the preferred industrial methods. Different CO2 capture configurations, processes, and operational parameters for different sorbents were revieand summarized. Efficient industrial applications for CO2 capture require that solid sorbents possess an adsorption capacity between 1000-2000µmol/g or more together with a long-term regeneration capacity. Economical consideration necessitates that the cost of CO2 sequestration be …
Experimental Study Of The Interaction Between Surfactants And Preformed Particle Gels,
2011
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Experimental Study Of The Interaction Between Surfactants And Preformed Particle Gels, Farag Awadh Muhammed
Masters Theses
"Gel and surfactant treatment are two principle methods to reduce water production and enhance oil recovery (EOR). However, either method by itself has limitations that can be avoided by combining the two. Gel treatment can improve sweep efficiency but has little effect on micro-displacement efficiency. Surfactants are mainly used to improve displacement efficiency but have little effect on sweep efficiency. This research sought to investigate whether the combination of gel and surfactant treatments can be used to significantly enhance oil recovery while reducing water production for extremely heterogeneous mature reservoirs. A newer trend in gel treatments is preformed particle gels …
Continuous Monitoring Of Bioactive Glass Conversion Using Optical Biosensors,
2011
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Continuous Monitoring Of Bioactive Glass Conversion Using Optical Biosensors, Prajakta Bhagwat
Masters Theses
"The engineered regeneration of bone is a significant challenge being undertaken to treat conditions such as traumatic casualties, bone cancer, osteoporosis, etc. Advances in hard tissue regrowth may potentially lead to significantly improved lives for millions of people. Bioactive glasses as potential materials in the fabrication of scaffolds for hard tissue regeneration have been studied recently. Bone regrowth requires maintenance of optimal levels of oxygen, glucose, phosphate, calcium, and pH. Current work at Missouri S & T's Center for Bone and Tissue Repair and Restoration focuses on developing optical biosensors to monitor: conversion of bioactive glass to hydroxyapatite, ease of …
Mesh Optimization Of Finite Element Models Of Wellbore Stress Analysis,
2011
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Mesh Optimization Of Finite Element Models Of Wellbore Stress Analysis, Ming-Yen Lee
Masters Theses
"Numerical modeling methods such as the widely used finite element method provide an excellent opportunity to analyze the wellbore state of stress for a variety of applications such as wellbore integrity, wellbore design or hydraulic fracturing. However, numerical modeling methods introduce errors by nature and may not precisely match the analytical solution if the meshing of the numerical model is not carefully taken care of. This study presents a parametric study of the meshing parameters mesh density, element type, and model size for 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional vertical wellbore models under three different types of boundary conditions, and a guideline for …
