Fluidized Bed Membrane Reactor For Steam Reforming Of Higher Hydrocarbons: Model Sensitivity,
2011
University of British Columbia
Fluidized Bed Membrane Reactor For Steam Reforming Of Higher Hydrocarbons: Model Sensitivity, M.A. Rakib, John R. Grace, C. Jim Lim
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
A fluidized bed membrane reactor (FBMR) was built and operated at temperatures <600°C to reform higher hydrocarbons like propane and heptane. A two-phase reactor model is utilized to simulate the FBMR with hydrogen withdrawn from both phases. The superficial gas velocities in the reactor change because of variations in molar flow due to reaction and hydrogen withdrawal through the membranes, as well as variations in temperature, pressure and cross-sectional area. Sensitivity studies show that the FBMR performance is primarily controlled by chemical equilibrium and hydrogen permeation through the membranes, while being insensitive to errors in accurately characterizing the chemical kinetics and hydrodynamics.
Removal Of Nitrate From Water Using Fluidized Bed Ion Exchange Column,
2011
University College of Technology, Osmania University
Removal Of Nitrate From Water Using Fluidized Bed Ion Exchange Column, Ammar Arab Beddai, Basava Rao
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
Experimental and theoretical studies were carried out to investigate the performance of a fluidized bed ion exchange system to remove nitrate. The exchange of nitrate on strong anion exchange resin (TULSION A-27) was studied in the flow rate range of 2 to 7 L/h. Nitrate removal was done at five conditions of the expanded bed height (Z). The results showed that the experimental data can be fitted to Richardson and Zaki equation, and the comparison between the experimental and calculated terminal velocities showed low relative error
Production Of Gasoline And Gaseous Olefins By Catalytic Cracking Of Pyrolysis Oil,
2011
Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering
Production Of Gasoline And Gaseous Olefins By Catalytic Cracking Of Pyrolysis Oil, Peter Bielansky, Alexander Reichhold, Alexander Weinert
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
Co-processing of biomass in petroleum refineries is a promising approach for biofuel production. In this work fluid catalytic cracking of residue from a co-pyrolysis with sawdust and VGO (1:2) was investigated. The pyrolysis oil residue with a boiling range bigger than 350 °C was mixed in different ratios with VGO and could be processed successfully up to 20 m%. Crack gas amounts increased while gasoline and total fuel yields decreased compared to VGO cracking. The gasoline obtained has a high octane number and is oxygen free.
Fluid Dynamic Effects Of Ring- Type Internals In A Dual Circulating Fluidized Bed System,
2011
Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering
Fluid Dynamic Effects Of Ring- Type Internals In A Dual Circulating Fluidized Bed System, D.C Guio-Perez, K. Marx, Tobias Pröll, Hermann Hofbauer
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
Intensified gas-solids contact in the fuel reactor of chemical looping combustion systems can be a key issue for achieving the necessary gas-phase conversion rates. Wedge-shaped rings were designed and installed in the fuel reactor of a cold flow model for fluid dynamic testing. These internals are meant to reduce the typical radial and axial solids concentration non-uniformity. It is shown, that more solids are present in the upper regions of the riser when in-ternals are used. Additionally, increase of the solids elutriation rate from the riser was found
A Practical Model For A Dense- Bed Countercurrent Fcc Regenerator,
2011
China University of Petroleum, China
A Practical Model For A Dense- Bed Countercurrent Fcc Regenerator, Yongmin Zhang, Chunxi Lu
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
In this study, a new practical countercurrent regenerator model for in-situ FCC operation optimization was proposed. A three-zone-and-two-phase gas model and a new two-CSTR-with-interchange model were used to give better descriptions on the gas and solids flow patterns, addressing the region-dependent mass transfer rates and the freeboard effect on catalyst regeneration. The model coupled mass and heat balances, hydrodynamics and reaction kinetics. The modeled results are in reasonable agreement with the commercial data from an industrial FCC regenerator under both partial and full CO combustion modes.
Study Of Calcination-Carbonation Of Calcium Carbonate In Different Fluidizing Mediums For Chemical Looping Gasification In Circulating Fluidized Beds,
2011
Dalhousie University
Study Of Calcination-Carbonation Of Calcium Carbonate In Different Fluidizing Mediums For Chemical Looping Gasification In Circulating Fluidized Beds, Prabir Basu, Bishnu Achayra, Animesh Dutta
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
Chemical looping gasification (CLG) of biomass in a circulating fluidized bed is an excellent option for production of separate streams of hydrogen rich and carbon dioxide rich gases. This process uses H2O (steam) instead of air or oxygen for gasification, and thereby produces high value nitrogen free product gas. An important feature of this process is in-process removal of carbon dioxide from the reaction site by CaO. This allows the reaction to move towards higher yield of hydrogen. Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) provides an ideal reactor configuration for such a looping reaction. A CFB based CLG unit operates somewhat similar …
The Influence Of Carbon Stripper Efficiency On Co2 Capture Rate In A Chemical-Looping Combustion Process For Solid Fuels,
2011
Hamburg University of Technology; Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle Technology, Germany
The Influence Of Carbon Stripper Efficiency On Co2 Capture Rate In A Chemical-Looping Combustion Process For Solid Fuels, Marvin Kramp, Andreas Thon, Ernst-Ulrich Hartge, Stefan Heinrich, Joachim Werther
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
In the present work a Chemical-Looping Combustion process for solid fuels is simulated on the 100 MWth scale. The coal is gasified inside the fuel reactor by recirculated CO2 and H2O. A carbon stripper downstream of the fuel reactor is used to reduce the carryover of char from the fuel to the air reactor. The influence of the carbon stripper on the CO2 capture rate is investigated. The results demonstrate the significance of the carbon stripper in this process.
Understanding Standpipe Hydrodynamics Using Electrical Capacitance Tomography,
2011
P.S.R.I.
Understanding Standpipe Hydrodynamics Using Electrical Capacitance Tomography, Reddy Karri Dr, Changhua Qui, Robert Joachim S.B
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
Standpipes are often the bottleneck in a circulating fluidized bed processes. Understanding the pressure build and dissipation in a standpipe is critical in designing and operating a standpipe that can meet production needs. However, this critical component of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) is often neglected in the design process which usually results in an underperforming unit operation. In an effort to better design new standpipe and to better optimize existing ones, electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) was evaluated in a 7-inch (18-cm) diameter standpipe to understand the gas-solid hydrodynamics in a standpipe with respect to circulation rates and aeration strategies.
Simulation Of Particle-Gas Flow In A Cyclone Using Urans,
2011
Tampere University of Technology
Simulation Of Particle-Gas Flow In A Cyclone Using Urans, Aku Karvinen, Hannu Ahlstedt, Marko Palonen
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
Particle-gas flow in a cyclone separator used in a circulating fluidized-bed boiler is simulated using computational fluid dynamics software Fluent 6.2.36 and an Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) method. A Lagrangian method is used for particle simulation and a one-way coupling between particles and gas is assumed. The effect of the turbulence model is studied using several turbulence models. Only the Reynolds stress model gives a physically reasonable flow field without adjusting parameters unknown beforehand.
Design Requirements For Pressurized Chemical Looping Reforming,
2011
Vienna University of Technology
Design Requirements For Pressurized Chemical Looping Reforming, Tobias Pröll, Hermann Hofbauer, K. Marx
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
A key issue in chemical looping reforming is to operate the process under pressurized conditions. Applicability of dual fluidized bed systems, currently used in atmospheric chemical looping processes, is affected by pressure. Critical design issues were studied and experimentally verified by cold flow model experiments. It turns out that it is important to achieve sufficient global solids circulation and to keep the pressure difference between the reactors low enough for proper operation of the loop seals.
Flow Field In A Novel Short Residence Time Gas-Solid Separator,
2011
Chinese University of Petroleum (Beijing)
Flow Field In A Novel Short Residence Time Gas-Solid Separator, Mengxi Liu, Chunxi Lu, Zhuan Wang
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
The gas flow field in a short residence time separator was investigated. The tangential velocity in the separator housing increases with increasing angle to the positive x axis, and decreases with increasing radial position. A swirl of opposite direction to the main current in the separator housing occurs in the gas outlet.
Cold Flow Model Study On Interconnected Fluidized Bed Reactors For Multi-Generation Systems And Chemical Looping Processes,
2011
All-Russia Thermal Engineering Institute
Cold Flow Model Study On Interconnected Fluidized Bed Reactors For Multi-Generation Systems And Chemical Looping Processes, Georgy A. Ryabov, O M. Folomeyev, D A. Sankin, K V. Khaneyev
10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10
Interconnected fluidized bed reactors (DCFB) were implemented in multi-generation systems (pyrolysis FB reactor and CFB boiler), chemical looping combustion (CLC) systems (double metal oxides or carbonate oxide reactors) and three reactor chemical looping gasification processes. The presented data focus on the solids circulation rate and on pressure profiles of the DCFB depended on selected operating parameters such as fluidization gas flow rate, loop seal fluidization, and solids inventory. Most work was devoted to studying standpipe and valve operation.
Epoxy/Pcl/Cnf Nanocomposite Towards Electrically Triggered Self-Healing And Reversible Adhesion,
2011
Syracuse University
Epoxy/Pcl/Cnf Nanocomposite Towards Electrically Triggered Self-Healing And Reversible Adhesion, Lawrence Matthew Levy
Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All
In this report, we summarize the results of research related to development of an electrically-triggered reversible-adhesive material. The material is made of an epoxy comprised of diglcidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) and 4,4’-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS). By combining the epoxy with PCL a “bricks and mortar” morphology is created with reversible adhesion properties. A phenomenon known as differential expansive bleeding (DEB) is the driving force of the self-healing and reversible-adhesion. The epoxy/PCL was embedded within electrically conductive carbon nanofibers (CNF) created from electrospun poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). The material’s high conductivity allowed convenient heating with a power source. Initial tests revealed a lack of …
Integration Of Ce-Sscp In Genetic Analysis: Fabrication And Optimization Of The Polymer Matrix,
2011
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Integration Of Ce-Sscp In Genetic Analysis: Fabrication And Optimization Of The Polymer Matrix, Hannah Lintag
Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Genetic analysis has become an essential aspect in the field of biological research. Genetic material contains an abundance of information that can be harnessed, from the pathological study of diseases to the identification of algal species used for alternative fuel. The detection of genetic species and/or their mutated counterparts is an approach that still warrants improvement, however. Capillary electrophoresis-single strand conformation polymorphism (CE-SSCP) offers a rapid and highly-reproducible means to detect alterations in genetic material. In this project, its implementation in the field of genetic studies as a way to detect mutations in hereditary diseases and identifying species via genetic …
Process And Automation Design For The Construction Of A Fully Automated Biofuel Production Unit,
2011
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Process And Automation Design For The Construction Of A Fully Automated Biofuel Production Unit, Kylan Rakestraw
Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Phase I investigated a method for producing butanol from algae using a novel automated hydrolysis, fermentation, and separation process. The Phase I research team sought to experimentally optimize individual steps and parameters of the process, design and build an automated unit to produce fuel-grade butanol from algae in a batch process, evaluate the sustainability and large scale economics of the process, and design an outreach program encouraging energy and environmental awareness centered around K-12 students. The team used macroalgae samples obtained through the generosity of the City of New York from Jamaica Bay to test the equipment and viability of …
Biodiesel Production From Waste Algae Through Supercritical Methanol And Solid Catalysts,
2011
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Biodiesel Production From Waste Algae Through Supercritical Methanol And Solid Catalysts, Alexander Lopez
Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
The need for alternate fuels continues to rise as fossil fuel reserves decline, and the effects of harmful fuel emissions on the environment begin to take its toll. One alternate fuel that has great potential is biodiesel. Biodiesel is a non-petroleum based fuel composed of alkyl esters from feedstocks. Using biodiesel as an alternate fuel source has a variety of advantages over traditional petroleum diesel, including producing no SOx emissions and low COx emissions. Another important advantage of biodiesel is that it can be produced from a wide variety of feedstocks. Biodiesel processes using waste cooking oil, animal fats, and …
Continuous, Passive Liquid-Liquid Extraction And Emulsion Separation Within Microfluidic And Millifluidic Devices,
2011
Bucknell University
Continuous, Passive Liquid-Liquid Extraction And Emulsion Separation Within Microfluidic And Millifluidic Devices, Janet Tesfai
Master’s Theses
Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is a method used to separate compounds based on their relative activity in two immiscible phases. By significantly reducing the scale of liquid-liquid extraction to the micro- and milli-fluidic levels, this separation process can bemade suitable for low volume, high value materials.
Algae To Butanol: The Design, Construction, And Implementation Of An Automated Sugar-To-Fuel Process,
2011
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Algae To Butanol: The Design, Construction, And Implementation Of An Automated Sugar-To-Fuel Process, Elizabeth Bevan
Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Phase I investigated a method for producing butanol from algae using a novel automated hydrolysis, fermentation, and separation process. The Phase I research team sought to experimentally optimize individual steps and parameters of the process, design and build an automated unit to produce fuel-grade butanol from algae in a batch process, evaluate the sustainability and large scale economics of the process, and design an outreach program encouraging energy and environmental awareness centered around K-12 students. The team used macroalgae samples obtained through the generosity of the City of New York from Jamaica Bay to test the equipment and viability of …
Cost Efficient Method Of Pumping Water For Small, Remote Rural Communities,
2011
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Cost Efficient Method Of Pumping Water For Small, Remote Rural Communities, James Hudson
Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Many technologies are used for water disinfection. Chlorine, iodine, and ozone are some chemical methods of water disinfection. Filtration, including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis, is used to remove bacteria. In addition to chemical and filtration technologies, one can disinfect water using UV irradiation, ultrasonic treatment, electrolysis, solar disinfection, and slow sand filtration.
Currently, there are few solutions being employed in third world settings for communities. The current solutions are either for one household or are part of an existing infrastructure and therefore are not portable. Slow sand filtration is used successfully to provide potable water for individual households. Tablet …
Adsorption Of Neodymium Experiment Design To Simulate Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing,
2011
Syracuse University
Adsorption Of Neodymium Experiment Design To Simulate Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing, Brian C. Froese
Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All
The purpose of this project was to develop a laboratory experiment to be conducted by future Nuclear Engineering Track (NET) students that adequately demonstrates adsorption of the lanthanide neodymium, an extraction technique used in nuclear fuel reprocessing. Nuclear fuel reprocessing is the chemical separation of various elemental components in spent nuclear fuel. These components, once isolated, can be recycled or reused and ultimately minimize the volume of radioactive waste. There were several steps taken to accomplish this task. First, an independent study of Dr. Hyung Jun Park’s work on phosphorus based adsorbents was conducted. Research was also done on current …
