Preparation Of Stable Hydrothermal Carbon-Based Catalyst From Defatted Rice Bran And Glucose For Biomass Conversion To 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Preparation Of Stable Hydrothermal Carbon-Based Catalyst From Defatted Rice Bran And Glucose For Biomass Conversion To 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, Piyaporn Wataniyakul
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This research investigated the preparation of hydrothermal carbon-based catalysts (HTC-SO3H) derived from defatted rice bran (DRB) and glucose for biomass conversion to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Firstly, the effects of hydrothermal carbonization conditions: temperature (180-250 °C) and time (1-8 h) on the yield and the chemical characteristics of the hydrothermal carbons (HTCs) were investigated. The HTCs were then sulfonated with sulfuric acid to obtain HTC-SO3H catalysts. The stability of the catalysts was evaluated based on the amount of biomass conversion products leached into the water at a specified biomass conversion condition. Since no HMF and furfural, and only small amounts of levulinic …
Effects Of Titania Phase And Tungsten Loading Content In W/Tio2 Catalysts On Dehydration Of Ethanol To Diethyl Ether,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Effects Of Titania Phase And Tungsten Loading Content In W/Tio2 Catalysts On Dehydration Of Ethanol To Diethyl Ether, Pongsatorn Kerdnoi
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Nowadays, ethanol which is one of the most used renewable energies can be converted into the more valuable compounds. It was reported that titania-supported tungsten (W/TiO2) catalyst is able to convert ethanol into diethyl ether. However, titania support has different crystalline phases that can result in differences of physicochemical properties for the catalyst. Therefore, the present work reports on the catalytic behaviors of both different phases of titania and tungsten loading contents in catalytic ethanol dehydration to diethyl ether. To prepare the catalysts, the three different phases [anatase (A), rutile (R), and mixed phases (P25)] of titania supports were impregnated …
Modification Of Titanium Dioxide With Nitrogen, Silicon, And Carbon For Visible Light Photocatalysis,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Modification Of Titanium Dioxide With Nitrogen, Silicon, And Carbon For Visible Light Photocatalysis, Rachan Klaysri
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Titanium dioxide and nitrogen-silicon-codoped titanium dioxide were prepared by two different ways. The first method was prepared by using nitrogen as a nitrogen source and silicon-containing chemical as a silicon source via solvothermal- and sol-gel-made photocatalysts. The nitrogen-silicon-codoped titanium dioxide showed the highest photocatalytic activity under both UV and visible light irradiation. The addition of silicon resulted in the formation of partial monolayer of silicon on titanium dioxide and an increase of the anatase phase stability. The annealing atmosphere affected the distribution concentration of surface and interface species such as surface oxygen and Ti3+ sites, thus improving photocatalytic activity. Moreover, …
A Study Of Catalyst Type And Dispersion On Pyrolysis Of High Density Polyethylene,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
A Study Of Catalyst Type And Dispersion On Pyrolysis Of High Density Polyethylene, Ratchanon Chantanuson
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The study of catalyst type and dispersion on pyrolysis of high density polyethylene (HDPE) was investigated in batch and semi-batch reactor system. The separation system in semi-batch was rapidly separated between oil and gas products while in batch system was separated after cooling down process. The obtained oil products in semi-batch system had higher in short-chain hydrocarbon. Because the increased pressure and the high severity in batch system led to occur side reactions. Two types of catalyst were studied, Cat A was acid catalyst with 200 m2/g surface area and 20 A average pore diameter and HZSM-5 zeolite was stronger …
Effect Of Amino Propanol Structure On Carbon Dioxide Absorption,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Effect Of Amino Propanol Structure On Carbon Dioxide Absorption, Rossukon Nimcharoen
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Currently, global warming is the main issue on environmental concern due to the higher amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere.The current technology to remove CO2 effectively is carbon capture and storage or CCS, especially absorption with aqueous amine solutions. The commonly used amine solutions are monoethanolamine (MEA). They have some disadvantages like low capacity. Therefore, a new solvent such as 3-amino-1-propanol (3A1P), 3-dimethylamino-1-proapnol (3DMA1P) and 1-dimethylamino-2-proapnol (1DMA2P) have been designed to be used as alternative solvents for CO2 removal. In this work, the solubility of carbon dioxide in new promising solvents. The effect of solvent concentration is studied …
Improving The Efficiency Of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells With Spray-Coated Tio2 Electrode Modified By Cuo, Nio, Or In2o3,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Improving The Efficiency Of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells With Spray-Coated Tio2 Electrode Modified By Cuo, Nio, Or In2o3, Sakun Preedavijitkul
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This research investigated the application of the CuO/TiO2, NiO/TiO2, or In2O3/TiO2 thin film electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Second metal oxide and TiO2 sols were synthesized separately via sol-gel methods. The sols were mixed and sprayed onto the fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrates. The amount of second metal oxide added to TiO2 was varied at 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0%wt. The electrode layer was sintered at 400˚C for two hours. The addition of CuO, NiO, and In2O3 produced the photovoltaic efficiency of the cell 4.03±0.58% with 0.1%wt. CuO/TiO2, 5.17±0.07% with 0.5%wt. NiO/TiO2, and 6.21±0.87% with 1.0%wt. In2O3/TiO2, respectively. …
Comparison Of Zsm - 5 And Poss Nanocomposite Pervaporation Membranes For Furfural/Water Separation,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Comparison Of Zsm - 5 And Poss Nanocomposite Pervaporation Membranes For Furfural/Water Separation, Seth Sawatdiruk
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The recovery of furfural via a conventional separation technology like distillation and solvent extraction requires very large energy consumption and high amount of chemical solvent. Thus, there is a need for an alternative separation process that is economic and more energy friendly for the furfural recovery. Pervaporation is a well - recognized energy friendly and effective separation tool. If there is suitable pervaporation membrane with efficient separation performance, the pervaporation can be a promising replacement for the conventional separation method. Therefore, this thesis aims to develop a suitable membrane for furfural recovery via pervaporation process. In this work, the polydimethylsiloxane …
Development Of Graphite/Graphene/Carbon Nanotubes Filled Benzoxazine Composites For Bipolar Plates In Fuel Cell Applications,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Development Of Graphite/Graphene/Carbon Nanotubes Filled Benzoxazine Composites For Bipolar Plates In Fuel Cell Applications, Sirawit Witpathomwong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This research aims to develop bipolar plate from polymer composite to be used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The key properties of bipolar plates include high thermal conductivity, high electrical conductivity, high flexural strength and modulus, and low water absorption. The polybenzoxazine composites having three types of carbon derivatives i.e. graphite, graphene, and carbon nanotubes were prepared using a compression molder with a pressure of 15 MPa and a temperature of 200oC for 2 hours. The effects of carbon nanotube contents varying from 0-2wt% at an expense of graphite with constant content of graphene and benzoxazine at 7.5 and …
Effect Of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate On Hydrodesulfurization And Hydrodeoxygenation In Co-Processing With Petroleum Gas Oil In Hydrotreating Unit,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Effect Of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate On Hydrodesulfurization And Hydrodeoxygenation In Co-Processing With Petroleum Gas Oil In Hydrotreating Unit, Sunya Boonyasuwat
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Deoxygenation of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) to produce renewable diesel had been experimented in co-processing with petroleum light gas oil (LGO) in a pilot-scale reactor. The reaction was achieved in the fixed-bed hydrotreating reactor, over commercial CoMo/Al2O3 under 280-350 oC, 25 barg, H2/feed of 630 Nm3/m3 and 0.75 h-1 of LHSV. High conversion were achieved when varied PFAD up to 25 wt%. The presence of PFAD in LGO improved cetane index of the liquid products. Heat effect due to overall exothermic reactions was observed. Hydrogen consumption was then theoretically calculated and extrapolated for hydrotreating of pure PFAD. Further study …
The Effect Of Adsorption On Photocatalytic Degradation Of Phenyl Urea Herbicides On Zinc Oxide,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
The Effect Of Adsorption On Photocatalytic Degradation Of Phenyl Urea Herbicides On Zinc Oxide, Sutaporn Meephon
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The effect of adsorption on photocatalytic degradation was studied by using zinc oxide with different morphologies and exposed surfaces as the photocatalyst. Polar zinc-terminated surface and polar oxygen-terminated surface are dominating planes on the top and bottom of a crystal of ZnO conventional particles, while non-polar surface is the main plane on the side of ZnO nanorods. These surfaces affect the adsorption behavior of phenylurea herbicides, i.e. diuron, linuron and 3,4-dichloroaniline. Consequently, they cause the difference in photocatalytic degradation rate and intermediate products formed during the degradation. The adsorption capacity of ZnO conventional particles is about twice as high as …
Performance Comparison Of Multifunctional Reactors For Biodiesel Production From Transesterification Of Palm Oil,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Performance Comparison Of Multifunctional Reactors For Biodiesel Production From Transesterification Of Palm Oil, Tanutporn Laosuttiwong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Biodiesel is classified as a qualified alternative energy that can be used for diesel engine. It is produced via transesterification of vegetable oil with alcohol in presence of homogeneous or heterogeneous catalyst. However, oil and alcohol are not totally miscible leading to slow reaction rate. Multifunctional reactors, especially cavitational reactors, are proposed to overcome this issue. The cavitational reactors include ultrasonic reactor and homogenizer reactor. In this work, ultrasonic reactor, homogenizer reactor and conventional magnetic stirred reactor were used to investigate and compare biodiesel yield and the efficiency in terms of biodiesel yield based on the energy consumption at different …
Effects Of Modification Of Γ-Al2o3 Support By La And Ce On Pt Dispersion And Oxygen Mobility For Co Oxidation,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Effects Of Modification Of Γ-Al2o3 Support By La And Ce On Pt Dispersion And Oxygen Mobility For Co Oxidation, Thanawat Wandondaeng
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Effects of La or Ce modified Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalysts on Pt dispersion and oxygen mobility of catalyst were investigated by CO oxidation reaction. 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 molar ratio of La or Ce to Al was doped on Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalysts (0.3wt%Pt) by impregnation method. The CO oxidation activities in terms of light-off temperature (T50) and turnover frequencies (TOF) corresponded to Pt dispersion, oxygen mobility as characterized by various analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2-physisorption, CO-pulse chemisorption, and temperature programed desorption of CO2 (CO2-TPD). The results indicated that the addition of La on Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalysts increased the dispersion …
Effect Of Operating Variables Of Corona Discharge Reactor Onbenzene Removal Efficiency,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Effect Of Operating Variables Of Corona Discharge Reactor Onbenzene Removal Efficiency, Thanunwut Thanahirunthitichote
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Volatile organic compound (VOC) has been known as one of air pollutants generated by the fast growth of industry and social development. There were many kind of VOC which is harmful for humans and environments. All concerned organization requested controlling of these problems. As a result, there were many technologies developed for handling and degrading such VOC. Among these technologies, corona discharge reactor has been known as a promising means because of its effectiveness and compactness. In this work, benzene was selected as a model VOC pollutant. Performance of multi-channeled corona discharge reactor for removal of benzene was experimentally examined …
Chromatographic Separation Of Free Lutein And Fatty Acids In De-Esterified Marigold Oleoresin And Its Mathematical Modelling,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Chromatographic Separation Of Free Lutein And Fatty Acids In De-Esterified Marigold Oleoresin And Its Mathematical Modelling, Weerawat Clowutimon
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The petal of marigold flowers has been reported to be the richest source of a xanthophyll, namely lutein which exhibits strong antioxidant and anticancer properties. Although large amount of lutein can be obtained, the compound in the flowers exists as esterified lutein, which is not readily bio-available. As a result, a number of separation and purification steps are required after solvent extraction of marigold flowers. One of the key steps is de-esterification of lutein fatty acid esters in the extract, or namely marigold oleoresin, by the reaction of the oleoresin with alkali solution, e.g., KOH, to obtain free lutein. The …
Coal Combustion Products Utilization For Soil Amendment,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Coal Combustion Products Utilization For Soil Amendment, Tran Thi Anh Tuyet
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Nowadays, coal has a crucial role in generating energy all over the world. As a result, the consumption of coal creates a huge amount of coal combustion products, including bottom ash and fly ash. The coal ash has the potential characteristics to become a resource material in agriculture such as its texture, water holding capacity, bulk density, pH etc., and contains almost all the essential plant nutrients. However, most of the coal ash created is dumped into the landfill, which is a contributing factor in the environmental degradation. This study wants to use coal ash in agriculture as a way …
Time Series Pattern Discovery Techniques For Well-To-Well Log Correlation,
2017
Faculty of Engineering
Time Series Pattern Discovery Techniques For Well-To-Well Log Correlation, Chanchai Apiwatsakulchai
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Well log data is one of the most abundant data sources for subsurface characterization since almost all drilled wells are logged. Subsurface characterization requires correlated well log information. Processes to help perform well-to-well log correlation have been developed in this study based on the two approaches: pattern matching and pattern discovery. Pattern matching focuses on finding a known pattern of interest in uncorrelated wells. The use of Euclidean, Hamming, and Levenshtein distances in similarity measurement, Piecewise Aggregate Approximation (PAA), and Symbolic Aggregate approXimation (SAX) data representation helps create reduced-resolution while maintains the main characteristics of the signals. Multi-resolution analysis provides …
Assisted Methane Hydrate Formation With The Addition Of Promoters,
2017
The Petroleum and Petrochemical College
Assisted Methane Hydrate Formation With The Addition Of Promoters, Chutikan Jaikwang
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Natural gas hydrates play an important role in the largest reservoir of hydrocarbons on earth. The gas hydrates have received increasing attention in an excellent way of new technology for gas in large quantity storage and transportation. However, the main challenge to use methane hy¬drates has faced many challenges such as the slow formation rate, low growth rate during hydrate formation, and low conversion ratio of gas to solid hydrates leading to poor storage capacity. In this work, methane hydrate formation and dissociation in the presence of different Cyclopentane (CP), Tetra-n-butyl phosphonium bromide (TBPB) and Tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) concentrations …
Microbial Conversion Of Cellulose To Sugars By Bacterial Enzyme,
2017
The Petroleum and Petrochemical College
Microbial Conversion Of Cellulose To Sugars By Bacterial Enzyme, Kessara Seneesrisakul
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This work studied the conversion of lignocellulosic materials to sugars, the intermediates for bioethanol production, by a bacterial enzyme. Due to the complex structure of lignocellulose, a cellulase enzyme cannot effectively access and hydrolyse cellulose fibers. Various pretreatment processes of lignocellulose have been studied to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis to date. In this work, corncob was firstly studied for microbial pretreatment using three microorganisms including two bacterial strains of Bacillus subtilis A 002 and Cellulomonas sp. TISTR 784 and a fungal strain of Phanerochaete sordida SK7. The results showed that the microbial pretreatment with P. sordida SK7 was the most effective …
Effects Of Bead Size And Concentration Of Unstable Asphaltenes Obtained From Different Centrifugation Techniques On Asphaltene Deposition In Packed Bed Apparatus,
2017
The Petroleum and Petrochemical College
Effects Of Bead Size And Concentration Of Unstable Asphaltenes Obtained From Different Centrifugation Techniques On Asphaltene Deposition In Packed Bed Apparatus, Kimchhay Lao
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Asphaltenes are the heaviest and most polar fraction of petroleum crude oil. They are the collection of components that can be soluble in aromatics solvents such as benzene or toluene, but insoluble in normal alkanes, n-pentane, n-hexane, or n- heptane. Asphaltenes are a class of molecules consisted of grouped aromatic rings with alkane chains. Changing pressure, temperature, composition, and shear rate during transportation can cause precipitation and deposition, resulting in reduced reservoir productivity due to restricted flow lines, fouling and blockages in the pore spaces of the reservoir. The goal of this investigation is to assess validity of two aspects …
Adsorptive Bubble Separation For Oil Removal,
2017
The Petroleum and Petrochemical College
Adsorptive Bubble Separation For Oil Removal, Paweena Kanokkarn
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This present work emphasized on the current knowledge regarding (i) feasibility of multi-stage forth flotation operation for oil removal, and (ii) comprehension of dynamic surface tensions of surfactant solutions in relation to foam characteristics. A multi-stage forth flotation efficiency depends on the enhancement of interfacial adsorption and the number of bubble caps and tray. The operational parameters including foam height, air flow rate and feed flow rate were controlled to obtain the optimum process performance. Under the optimum conditions—a number of trays of 4, a foam height of 60 cm, an air flow rate of 40 L/min, a feed flow …
