การใช้ตัวทำละลายร่วมในปฏิกิริยาทรานเอสเทอร์ริฟิเคชันของน้ำมันปาล์มโอเลอิน โดยมีโซเดียมฟอสเฟตเป็นตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา,
2022
คณะวิศวกรรมศาสตร์
การใช้ตัวทำละลายร่วมในปฏิกิริยาทรานเอสเทอร์ริฟิเคชันของน้ำมันปาล์มโอเลอิน โดยมีโซเดียมฟอสเฟตเป็นตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา, ศรัณยู ถาวรพัทธ์
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
งานวิจัยฉบับนี้เป็นการศึกษาถึงผลกระทบของตัวทำละลายร่วมในการทำปฏิกิริยาทรานเอสเทอร์ริฟิเคชั่นของน้ำมันปาล์มโอเลอินและเมทานอลโดยใช้ตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาวิวิธพันธ์เป็นโซเดียมฟอสเฟต ทำการทดลองในเครื่องปฏิกรณ์แบบกะชนิดถังกวน ความเร็วรอบในการปั่นกวน 600 รอบต่อนาที ปริมาณตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา ร้อยละ 0.5 โดยน้ำหนักน้ำมันพืช อัตราส่วนโดยโมลของเมทานอลต่อน้ำมันพืชเท่ากับ 6:1 ถึง 30:1 ชนิดตัวทำละลายร่วมที่เลือกใช้คือ อะซิโตนและเตตระไฮโดรฟูแรน ปริมาณตัวทำละลายร่วมร้อยละ 10 และ 20 โดยน้ำหนักน้ำมัน อุณหภูมิในการทำปฏิกิริยา 60 90 140 190 องศาเซลเซียส ผลการทดลองแสดงให้เห็นว่า ตัวทำละลายร่วมไม่ส่งผลกระทบต่อค่าคงที่ทางจลน์พลศาสตร์ของปฏิกิริยา และยังส่งผลเสียในการเจือจางตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยาและสารตั้งต้นในการทำปฏิกิริยาที่สภาวะอุณหภูมิสูง (190 องศาเซลเซียส) นอกจากนี้ การทำปฏิกิริยาทรานเอสเทอร์ริฟิเคชั่นชอบการทำปฏิกิริยาในสภาวะที่มีความเข้มข้นของเมทานอลในวัฏภาคที่ทำปฏิกิริยาสูงๆ การละลายเข้าด้วยกันที่มากเกินไปของเมทานอลและน้ำมันพืชจะส่งให้ปฏิกิริยาเกิดช้าลงแทน
ผลกระทบของแอนไอออนที่ปนเปื้อนในน้ำต่อการสังเคราะห์กรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิก,
2022
คณะวิศวกรรมศาสตร์
ผลกระทบของแอนไอออนที่ปนเปื้อนในน้ำต่อการสังเคราะห์กรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิก, วนิดา มลาภูมิ
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
งานวิจัยนี้ทำการศึกษาผลของแอนไอออนที่มีต่อการเตรียมกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิก แอนไอออนที่ทำการศึกษาได้แก่ คลอไรด์, ซัลเฟต, ไบคาร์บอเนต, คาร์บอเนต และไนไตรท์ (ในรูปของเกลือโซเดียม) การเตรียมกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิกทำโดยการผสม น้ำกลั่น, กรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิก, ไฮโดรเจนเปอร์ออกไซด์ และสารละลายของแอนไอออน ในขวดพอลิเอทิลีนความหนาแน่นสูงที่อุณหภูมิห้อง ติดตามการเปลี่ยนแปลงความเข้มข้นของกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิก, กรดฟอร์มิก และไฮโดรเจนเปอร์ออกไซด์ด้วยการไทเทรตกับสารละลายมาตรฐานโซเดียมไฮดรอกไซด์และโพแตสเซียมเปอร์แมงการเนตตามลำดับ ผลการทดลองแสดงให้เห็นว่า ไฮดรอกไซด์, คาร์บอเนต และไบคาร์บอเนต เร่งการสลายตัวของไฮโดรเจนเปอร์ออกไซด์และกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิกอย่างรุนแรงตั้งแต่ชั่วโมงแรกหลังการผสม คลอไรด์และไนไทรต์ทำให้ไฮโดรเจนเปอร์ออกไซด์สลายตัวภายในเวลาไม่กี่ชั่วโมง ในขณะที่ซัลเฟตสามารถเพิ่มการเกิดกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิก นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่าสารละลายกรดเปอร์ฟอร์มิกที่เตรียมขึ้นควรใช้ภายใน ๑๒ ชั่วโมงหลังผสม
Techno-Economic Analysis Of Succinic Acid Production From Sugarcane Molasses,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Techno-Economic Analysis Of Succinic Acid Production From Sugarcane Molasses, Apitsada Rongsawad
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study proposes an alternative approach to address global warming concerns by introducing bio-based succinic acid production derived from molasses and waste CO2 in ethanol production as a substitute for conventional petroleum-based methods. The evaluation focuses on the downstream process; reactive extraction, aiming to assess its feasibility in terms of technical, economic, energy, and CO2 emission performance. The results indicate that the integrated process, Int. ETOH+SA 25:75, exhibits remarkable benefits, including a 66% reduction in CO2 emissions from ethanol production, a 77% decrease in energy consumption compared to petroleum-based methods, and NPV of 2,180 million USD with a 40.81% IRR …
Simulation Of Photoelectrochemical Co2 Conversion To Useful Chemicals,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Simulation Of Photoelectrochemical Co2 Conversion To Useful Chemicals, Aroonroj Chaosukho
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) is one of the possible solutions to reduce CO2 emissions. Among a variety of products derived from CO2 RR, CO, and HCOO- are found to be interesting chemicals. The geometry and arrangement of the main components of PEC cells play important roles in the cell performance of CO2 RR. In this study, a correlation of hydrodynamics and kinetics on the TiO2-photoanode and SnO2-GDE, used as a cathode, was investigated by COMSOL Multiphysics by controlling operating conditions for 2-dimensional different PEC cell configurations. The Microfluidic flow cell (MFC) with a zero-gap anode with a …
Enzymatic Pretreatment Of Rice Bran Acid Oil Before Γ-Oryzanol Recovery,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Enzymatic Pretreatment Of Rice Bran Acid Oil Before Γ-Oryzanol Recovery, Asdarina Binti Yahya
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study aims to apply enzymatic reactions for pretreating the major byproduct of rice bran oil (RBO) industry, rice bran acid oil (RBAO) before γ-oryzanol recovery. RBAO contains free fatty acids (FFAs), glycerides, and is rich in the super-antioxidant, γ-oryzanol. As a primary step to recover γ-oryzanol from RBAO, glycerides must be removed because of having similar polarity with γ-oryzanol. This study is conducted in two parts, hydrolysis and esterification/transesterification. In the first part, enzymatic hydrolysis. The study evaluates the performance of operating conditions using one factor at a time (OFAT) on the reaction time, temperature, lipase loading, water:RBAO ratio, …
Development Of Bioplastic Composite Films With Improved Antimicrobial Properties: A Comparative Study Between Blown Film Extrusion, Doctor Blading And Spray Coating,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Development Of Bioplastic Composite Films With Improved Antimicrobial Properties: A Comparative Study Between Blown Film Extrusion, Doctor Blading And Spray Coating, Atiwit Singhapan
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB4HB) is a bioplastic that has gained attention as a potential alternative to petroleum-based plastics in film packaging due to its good barrier properties and thermal stability. However, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) has no outstanding properties. Therefore, the researcher added lignin powder to improve its antimicrobial properties, another essential property of the packaging film. This work successfully prepared a composite bioplastic film between poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) and lignin powder by forming through a blown film extrusion, doctor blading, and spray coating. In order to give the film a high surface energy and enable it to adhere to the lignin solution on the surface, the …
Parameters Optimization In Chlor-Alkali Ion-Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Process With Artificial Neural Network,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Parameters Optimization In Chlor-Alkali Ion-Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Process With Artificial Neural Network, Kittapas Sukantowong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Since ion-exchange membrane electrolysis cell has developed for producing Chlor-Alkali products. New higher efficiency and lower consumption technology are released from licensors yearly, which made the process correlation deviate from the original design. The machine learning is used with “Neural Network Fitting Tool (nftool)” in MATLAB. To find a correlation between 5 inputs consisting of current density (CD, KA/m2), operation day (DOL, day), feed brine flow rate (QFB, m3/h), feed caustic flow rate (QHD, m3/h), cell temperature (T, degC) and one output which is cell voltage (CV, V). Datasets were collected from the plant information management system “exaquantum” historian database. …
Economic Evaluation Of Ethyl Lactate Production Via Reactive Distillation At Different Concentrations Of Lactic Acid,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Economic Evaluation Of Ethyl Lactate Production Via Reactive Distillation At Different Concentrations Of Lactic Acid, Nattapat Klin-U-Bol
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Ethyl lactate is a green solvent made from agricultural crops, making it more environmentally friendly than petrochemical solvents. The product is obtained via esterification of lactic acid with ethanol over Amberlyst-15 acid catalyst in a reactive distillation column. In commercial-scale production of ethyl lactate, this work designs production processes at two concentrations of lactic acid (50 and 85 wt.%) and two ethanol feed temperatures (25 and 85 °C). Highly concentrated lactic acid can result in adverse effects, such as increased oligomers and reduced desired products, making a comprehensive simulation of the production process necessary to evaluate energy consumption, economics, and …
Simultaneous Reaction And Separation Technologies For Biodiesel Production Derived From Alternative Feedstocks,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Simultaneous Reaction And Separation Technologies For Biodiesel Production Derived From Alternative Feedstocks, Nattawat Petchsoongsakul
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This research focused on the production of biodiesel using hybridized reactive distillation (hybridized RD) and centrifugal contractor reactor (CCR) from waste cooking oil (WCO) to reduce the operating cost. However, WCO contains some water which can cause saponification. The study showed that using two heat exchangers with hybridized RD is a simple method for water removal but it required the highest energy and cost (1.63 $/kg biodiesel). The extended spacing stage for water removal required a new hybridized RD construction with additional spacing stages. This method can handle and require less energy, resulting in lower cost (1.07 $/kg biodiesel). The …
Sulfur-Tolerant Cobalt-Doped La0.3sr0.7tio3-D-Perovskite Cathode For Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Sulfur-Tolerant Cobalt-Doped La0.3sr0.7tio3-D-Perovskite Cathode For Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell, Natthamon Nuengjumnong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Lanthanum doped strontium titanate (LST) is a perovskite cathode in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) which shows great performance in syngas production from CO2 and steam feed. However, the LST type cathode suffers from structural stability. Sulfur containing in industrial exhaust gas can affect its durability which inhibit the technology in real application. Therefore, to improve sulfur tolerance, La0.3Sr0.7Ti1-yCoyO3-δ (LSTC) by adding Co2+ metal ion at B-site when y is 0 to 20%mol was synthesized. Citrate acid-nitrate combustion method was used and the synthesized powder. LST and La0.3Sr0.7Ti0.9Co0.10O3-δ (LSTC0.10) exhibited single phase perovskite while La2O3 and La(OH)3 were observed in …
Ethylene Polymerization With Zirconocene Catalyston Zeolite A Support Derived From Fly Ash,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Ethylene Polymerization With Zirconocene Catalyston Zeolite A Support Derived From Fly Ash, Natthapat Warintha
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Zeolite A (LTA) synthesis from fly ash has many applications, in which metallocene catalytic support is uncommon. This research study has three parts. Firstly, investigation of the effects of immobilized MAO cocatalyst and zirconocene catalyst techniques on silica support. Immobilized MAO, followed by metallocene catalyst method had the highest catalytic activity, which was used in the next parts. The second part examined the optimal temperature and [Al]MAO/[Zr]cat ratio with ethylene polymerization in a semi-batch autoclave reactor utilizing LTA-supported metallocene catalysts. The optimal conditions were found at 80°C and [Al]MAO/[Zr]cat ratios equal to 2000 that were used in the next section. …
Comparison Of Techno-Economic Analysis Of 1,3-Propanediol Production From Crude Glycerol Via Chemical And Biological Methods,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Comparison Of Techno-Economic Analysis Of 1,3-Propanediol Production From Crude Glycerol Via Chemical And Biological Methods, Sivatchaya Boriboon
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
At present, the biodiesel industry is expanding rapidly which could lead to an oversupply of the by-product, crude glycerol. To manage this, crude glycerol should be converted into value-added chemicals such as 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO). In this study, the production of 1,3-PDO via catalytic reaction is simulated using a process simulator to evaluate its techno-economic performance as well as its environmental impact. The obtained results will be compared with the conventional production of 1,3-PDO to point out the advantages that the catalytic reaction can offer in terms of economic, energy utilization, raw material utilization, and environmental impacts.
Scale Up Of Benzoxazinone Derivative Synthesis In Batch Reactor,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Scale Up Of Benzoxazinone Derivative Synthesis In Batch Reactor, Sumate Boonkird
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Benzoxazinone derivative is one of starting materials in the synthesis of Deferasirox (a Chelating iron for thalassemia patient). The parameters of Benzoxazinone derivative synthesis were investigated from the condensation of salicylic acid, salicylamide, cyanuric chloride, and triethylamine using toluene as solvent. The mole equivalent ratio of salicylic acid: salicylamide:cyanuric chloride:triethylamine at 1:1:0.67:1 provided the 46.77% yield of Benzoxazinone derivative in laboratory scale. Surprisingly, 4-chloro-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-benzo[e][1,3]oxazine-4-ol was observed in the synthesis of Benzoxazinone derivative. In addition, the reaction scheme of Benzoxazinone derivative synthesis was proposed as a model for the study of the chemical kinetic constant. Furthermore, the scale up of Benzoxaxinone …
Effects Of Zinc Oxide On Thermal, Mechanical, Morphological, And Gas Barrier Properties Of Polybutylene Succinate/ Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-4-Hydroxybutyrate) Films,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Effects Of Zinc Oxide On Thermal, Mechanical, Morphological, And Gas Barrier Properties Of Polybutylene Succinate/ Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-4-Hydroxybutyrate) Films, Sunisa Suwatthi
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Currently, conventional polymers from petrochemical processes have low biodegradability and remain in the environment for several hundred years. This has negative effects on the environment. This research aims to improve the properties of biopolymers such as poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB4HB). P3HB4HB was selected to blend with PBS in with weight ratios of PBS:P3HB4HB was 90/10 and ZnO nanoparticles (0.5, 1 and 2%) was selected as a nucleating agent. The melt blending process using an internal mixer and molded into a film using a compression molding process. The chemical structures, morphological properties, thermal properties, dynamic mechanical properties, mechanical properties …
Control Of A Polybutylene Succinate (Pbs) Polymerization In A Semi-Batch Reactor By Neural Network Model Based Predictive Controller,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
Control Of A Polybutylene Succinate (Pbs) Polymerization In A Semi-Batch Reactor By Neural Network Model Based Predictive Controller, Takorn Plengsangsri
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Polybutylene succinate (PBS) is a biodegradable plastic known for its strength and versatility in various applications. This research presents a data-driven approach to simulate temperature control in a semi-batch reactor during polymerization, the performance of the proposed approaches was compared against conventional controllers, including PID control and first-principles model MPC control. The study developed neural network model-based predictive control (NNMPC) and multiple neural network model-based predictive control (Multi-NNMPC), using Python and Tensorflow. Neural network models were trained by using a wide range of dynamic data with varying numbers of neurons in hidden layers to investigate the process dynamics under different …
The Study Of Weave-Pattern Effect On Filtration Performance Of Woven Filter Cloths By Computational Fluid Dynamic Modeling,
2022
Faculty of Engineering
The Study Of Weave-Pattern Effect On Filtration Performance Of Woven Filter Cloths By Computational Fluid Dynamic Modeling, Wisit Bandasak
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
An important global problem that has an impact on both human health and the environment is air pollution. Exercise and outdoor activities are essential for human well-being, but they can also have a detrimental effect on health and the environment. For example, PM2.5 and PM10 particles can enter the lungs and cause respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. Moreover, masks must be worn in order to stop the COVID-19 epidemic from spreading. Nevertheless, not all masks are effective in preventing viruses and air pollution. Consequently, selecting the proper mask is essential for avoiding health risks. Using the use of computational fluid dynamics, …
Graphical Revamping Of A Crude Distillation Unit Under Two Variable Operational Scenarios - Naphtha Stabilizer And Reformer Operated,
2022
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Graphical Revamping Of A Crude Distillation Unit Under Two Variable Operational Scenarios - Naphtha Stabilizer And Reformer Operated, Amany G. Abo-Mousa, Dina A. Kamel, Hany A. Elazab, Mamdouh A. Gadalla, Mai K. Fouad
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Energy costs represent significant parts of the total operating costs of crude refining industries. Energy integration is a typical solution to reduce heating and cooling utilities in crude refining plants through maximizing the target temperature of crude oil streams before entering the furnace. Over the past few decades, a significant progress has been made in energy integration methods including Pinch technology and mathematical programming approaches. Example of these is a graphical technique which plots Thot versus Tcold for energy analysis and revamping studies. The current research employs the Thot - Tcold diagrams in an algorithm to retrofit an existing crude …
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopic Detection Of Ethanol: A Side-By-Side Comparison Of Zno And Hkust-1 Mofs As Sensing Media,
2022
Old Dominion University
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopic Detection Of Ethanol: A Side-By-Side Comparison Of Zno And Hkust-1 Mofs As Sensing Media, Papa K. Amoah, Zeinab Mohammed Hassan, Pengtao Lin, Engelbert Redel, Helmut Baumgart, Yaw S. Obeng
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
The most common gas sensors are based on chemically induced changes in electrical resistivity and necessarily involve making imperfect electrical contacts to the sensing materials, which introduce errors into the measurements. We leverage thermal- and chemical-induced changes in microwave propagation characteristics (i.e., S-parameters) to compare ZnO and surface-anchored metal-organic-framework (HKUST-1 MOF) thin films as sensing materials for detecting ethanol vapor, a typical volatile organic compound (VOC), at low temperatures. We show that the microwave propagation technique can detect ethanol at relatively low temperatures (<100 >°C), and afford new mechanistic insights that are inaccessible with the traditional dc-resistance-based measurements. In addition, …
Recent Advancements In Electrochemical Conversion Of Carbon Dioxide,
2022
BIT Sindri, India
Recent Advancements In Electrochemical Conversion Of Carbon Dioxide, Nandan Nag, Amit Kumar, Sumit Sharma, Sandeep Kumar, Amit K. Thakur
Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into eco-friendly and clean products is a promising approach to eradicate pollution. Although carbon dioxide emission is inhibited by the advent of renewable sources of energy, it is present in the atmosphere and needs to be cleaned. The reduction of carbon dioxide from atmospheric gases can be accomplished by its adsorption and subsequent transportation to electrolytic chambers, where it is reduced to hydrocarbons, organic acids or carbonates. This review focuses on developing a three compartment electrochemical cell to reduce carbon dioxide used as a catholyte. Various factors affecting the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide and …
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking And Linear Electrooptic Response In The Achiral Ferronematic Compound,
2022
Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking And Linear Electrooptic Response In The Achiral Ferronematic Compound, Neelam Yadav, Yuri Panarin, Wanhe Jiang, Georg H. Mehl, J.K. Vij
Articles
A compound with the constituent non-chiral molecules, DIO, known to exhibit three nematic subphases namely N, Nx and NF, is studied by polarizing microscopy as function of the alignment layers on one of the substrates, no alignment on any of the substrates, alignment layer on both substrates with parallel and antiparallel rubbing, different cell spacings. The cell with one alignment layer is also studied by electro-optics. N is found to be a conventional nematic phase, but it shows two additional unusual features: chiral domains of opposite chirality and the linear EO response to the applied signal under certain experimental conditions. …
