Catalysis and Reaction Engineering Commons^™

Thermal Control Development Of A Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System, Ola Mohammed Taha Al-Shalash

Mechanical Engineering Theses

A fuel cell is an electrochemical energy conversion device that uses fuel to generate electricity. It basically converts the chemical energy of reactants directly into electricity without combustion. In a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), the reactants, hydrogen and oxygen, are fed into the two electrodes, anode and cathode, respectively. A reaction takes place at each electrode and produces electricity, as well as water, and heat as the by-products. In order to maximize performance of a fuel cell, many factors can be considered for tuning and control. Temperature management is one of these factors.

A thermal-fluid model of a …

Optimization Of Nitrate Removal From Aqueous Solution By Acid-Activated Rice Straw Supported Nano Zero-Valent Iron Using Response Surface Methodology, Dalia A. Ali Eng, Nagwa Mahmoud Al-Mansi Prof, Mohamed Amin Sadek Prof., Ahmad Wafiq Abolnasr Dr.

Chemical Engineering

Rice straw is one of the most common agricultural wastes due to its large production amounts. Energy valorization of rice straw is a technology used for nitrate removal as the produced ashes used to generate the adsorbent by means of an alkali dissolution followed by acid precipitation. The novelty of the proposed process is that the production of the nano zero-valent iron supported acid-activated rice straw (AARS-nZVI) adsorbent is carried out without the energy valorization process but, through an acid activation for rice straw followed by precipitation of nZVI particles on its surface. The new adsorbent synthesis, characterization and application …

Development Of Novel Catalysts For Hydrogen Gas Production From Biomass Compounds, Boanerges Bamaca

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Hydrothermal biomass gasification technologies (sub- and supercritical water gasification and aqueous-phase reforming) have considerable economic, environmental, and technical advantages over other energy-extensive technologies (e.g. natural gas reforming) for hydrogen gas production. However, lack of economically feasible and highly active catalysts is a main challenge that impedes upscaling of these technologies for hydrogen gas production.

The goal of this study was to develop innovative, economically feasible and active heterogeneous supported metal catalysts for hydrothermal processes for producing hydrogen gas from biomass-derived compounds. Because of its stable structure and chemical inertness, graphene was used as catalyst support. Graphene supported metal catalysts were …

Natural Latex-Capped Silver Nanoparticles For Two-Way Electrochemical Displacement Sensing Of Eriochrome Black T, Ziad Khalifa, Moustafa Zahran Dr, Magdy Zahran Prof, Magdi Abdel Azzem Prof

Chemical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Individual And Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination Of Ultra- Trace Environmental Contaminant Dihydroxybenzene Isomers Based On A Composite Electrode Sandwich-Like Structure, Ziad Khalifa, Khalid Hassan Dr, Mohamed Fathi Abo Oura Mr, Abla Hathoot Prof, Magdi Abdel Azzem Prof

Chemical Engineering

An advanced electroanalytical technique for the simultaneous assessment of environmental contaminant dihydroxybenzene isomers, catechol (CC), hydroquinone (HQ), and resorcinol (RC), has been investigated using palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) incorporated onto a poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene) (DAN) matrix over a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Concurrently, these types of phenols can be assessed by the PdDAN/GCE modified electrode employing square wave voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques under optimal conditions. This modified electrode has demonstrated linear responses for CC, HQ, and RC from 50.0 to 1000.0 mM; concomitantly, low detection limits of 0.22, 0.22, and 0.47 nM and low quantification limits of 0.740, 0.758, and 1.590 …

The Role Of Electrolytically Deposited Palladium And Platinum Metal Nanoparticles Dispersed Onto Poly(1,8- Diaminonaphthalene) For Enhanced Glucose Electrooxidation In Biofuel Cells, Ziad Khalifa, Khalid Hassan Dr, Ghada Elhaddad Dr, Magdi Abdel Azzem Prof

Chemical Engineering

Glucose biofuel cells are one of the promising power supplies with a competent long-term stability and power density. In this respect, catalysts of palladium (Pd) and platinum (Pt) metal nanoparticles film coated electrode were fabricated for biofuel cell. The Pt and Pd particles were electrochemically deposited onto glassy carbon (GC) electrode modified with poly(1,8-diaminonaphthalene), (p-1,8-DAN), via single or layer-by-layer electrodeposition. In results, Pt/p-1,8-DAN/GC, Pd/p-1,8-DAN/GC, Pt-Pd/p-1,8- DAN/GC and Pd-Pt/p-1,8-DAN/GC shell-core catalysts were fabricated and characterized by several ana- lytical techniques such as AFM, EDX,SEM, TEM, and XPS, in addition to electrochemical methods. Their catalytic electrooxidation behaviors of glucose were investigated in …

Enhanced Water Electrolysis: Effect Of Temperature On The Oxygen Evolution Reaction At Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes, Aya Akl, Hany A. Elazab, Mohamed A. Sadek, Mohamed S. El-Deab

Chemical Engineering

Water splitting producing hydrogen and oxygen gases appears promising in view of the increasing need of renewable energy sources and storage strategies. Investigation of stable and highly efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is targeted in this study at cobalt oxide nanoparticle modified glassy carbon (nano-CoOx/GC) electrodes. The effect of the preparation (Tp) and measuring temperature (Tm) on the electrocatalytic activity of nano-CoOx/GC towards the OER is investigated under various operating conditions. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) as well as SEM and XRD techniques were used to probe the electrocatalytic and morphological characteristics of nano-CoOx prepared under …

What Difference Does A Catalyst Make?, Tammy Guthrie, Mike Jackson, Holly Haney

High School Lesson Plans

Students will use different catalysts for the decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide, to determine if different catalysts affect the energy that is generated during the reaction.

Syntheses, Characterisations And Electrochemical Studies Of Nickel(Ii) And Cobalt(Ii)-Ligand Assisted Cooperative Complexes, Subramaniam Jeevithra Dewi

Student Works (2020-2029)

A newly designed tetradentate ligand L1 (L1 = 3,6-bis(pyrazol-1-yl)-pyridazine) which offers multinucleation sites on its moiety structure has been prepared. The reaction of L1 with different molar ratio of nickel and cobalt salts lead to the formation of di- and tetranuclear complexes [NiII 2(L1)2(CH3CN)4](PF6)4 (1), [NiII 4(L1)4(μ-OH)4](ClO4)4 (2) and [CoII/III(L1)4(μ-CH3O)2(μ-O)2](PF6)3(NO3) (3), which served as the attempt to design of catalysts based on cheap and earth-abundant metals for carbon dioxide reduction. The presence of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as the base controls the nuclearity of the complex formation. In the absence of DBU, complex 1 was formed in dinuclear fashion whereas complex 2 …

The Research Of Conditions For The Formation Of Phenol Formaldehyde Resins Modified With Hydroxyl Containg Polyether Polyol, Magrupov Farkhad, Umarov Sherali, Tohirov Murodjon, Radjabova Zukhra

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the study was to study the conditions of copolycondensation of phenol alcohol with hydroxyl-containing polyether polyol in the presence of maleic anhydride chain extender in order to obtain modified thermoset phenolic-formaldehyde oligomers. Investigation of the dependence of the content of free phenol, formaldehyde and methylol groups on time during the synthesis of the modified phenol-formaldehyde resin with the ratios hydroxyl-containing polyether polyol:phenol alcohol 1:60 mol/mol and 1:100 mol/mol. It was revealed that maleic anhydride, present in the reaction medium as a copolycondensation catalyst, also participates in copolycondensation reactions as a chain extender. Moreover, as the molar fraction …

Vinylation By 3,6-Dimetyloctin-4-Diol-3,6 Acetylene, Yusupova Lola, Abdukarimova Saida, Rajabov Rustambek, Khalimova Oygul

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the research work elaboration of technology of obtaine of acetylene diols and their vinyl ethers. Reaction of formation mono di vinyl ethers as a result vinyl 3,6-dimetyloktin-4-diol-3,6 by acetylene, and also influence of solvents, the catalyst and its quantity, duration of reaction, temperatures is investigated. Are defined speed of reaction. Recommended vinyl 3,6-dimetyloktin-4-diol-3,6 acetylene in the presence of highly basic systems at atmospheric pressure.

Synthesis And Research Of New Heterometal Complexes Cо(Ii), Ni(Ii), Cu(Ii) And Mn(Ii) Based On V(V) And 5-(4-Pyridyl)-1,3,4-Oxadiazole-2(3h)-Thione Lubricants, Pirimova Mehribon, Kadirova Shakhnoza, Rakhmonоva Dilnoza, Ziyayev Abduhakim

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The oxadiazole derivatives complex compounds with metals are biologically active substances. The aim of the study was to study the interaction of the chlorides of Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) and Mn (II) with 5-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)–thione, ammonium vanadate. Competitive coordination of donor centers, electronic and geometric structures of the ligand molecule were studied on the basis of the quantum-chemical software package Gaussian09 LanL2DZ. It was shown that 5-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione ligand is partially coordinated through a localized nitrogen or sulfur atoms at formation of the complex. А procedure was developed for the synthesis of new mixed-metal complexes. The composition and structure of …

Poly(Ethylene Oxide) Based Polymer Electrolytes For All-Solid-State Li-S Batteries, Xue Li, Zheng-Liang Gong

Journal of Electrochemistry

In recent years, research on lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries has received much attention because the sulfur positive electrode and the lithium metal negative electrode produce a high theoretical specific capacity (lithium metal ~ 3800 mAh·g^-1, sulfur ~ 1675 mAh·g^-1). In addition, sulfur is considered to be the most promising cathode material for secondary lithium batteries, due to its advantages of low price and environmental friendly. However, the practical application of conventional liquid Li-S batteries is still obstructed by several critical issues, such as lithium ploysulfides shuttle effect, long-term stability of lithium metal anode with organic liquid electrolytes, …

Synthesis And Raman Study Of Hollow Core-Shell Ni1.2Co0.8P@N-C As An Anode Material For Sodium-Ion Batteries, Jia-Hui Chen, Xiao-Bin Zhong, Chao He, Xiao-Xiao Wang, Qing-Chi Xu, Jian-Feng Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

With the increasing demand for large-scale energy storage, great progress has been made in discovering new advanced energy storage materials. Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted much attention in recent years due to their use of abundant sodium resources and their comparable electrochemical capacity to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this paper, we developed novel hollow core-shell Ni-Co bimetallic phosphide nanocubes with N-doped carbon coatings (Ni_1.2Co_0.8P@N-C) as the anode material for SIBs. The material was synthesized through a low-temperature phosphorization method using resorcinol formaldehyde (RF) resin coating with a Ni-Co Prussian blue analogue (PBA) as a template and …

Preparations Of Nano-MnoX/Ti Electrocatalytic Membrane Electrode For Catalytic Oxidation Of Cyclohexane Using Intermittent Electrodeposition, Xue Zhou, Hong Wang, Zhen Yin, Yu-Jun Zhang, Jian-Xin Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

Cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol (KA oil) obtained from highly selective oxidation of cyclohexane (CHA) show important industrial value and application prospects. In this work, the intermittent electrodeposition was developed to prepare nano-MnO_x catalyst loading porous tubular titanium membrane electrode (MnO_x/Ti), which was employed to constitute an electro-catalytic membrane reactor (ECMR) for the oxidation of cyclohexane to produce cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone. The surface morphology, crystal structure and electrochemical property of the catalysts were characterized by FESEM, XRD and electrochemical workstation, respectively. The results show that the catalyst prepared by the intermittent electrodeposition displayed nano-flower-like γ-MnO₂. Compared with …

Preparation Of Α-Hydroxylated Acetal From 2-Butanone By Indirect Electrooxidation, Hai-Qing Huang, Ye Miao, Xin-Sheng Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone) is an important food spice. As a platform compound, it is widely used in medicine, tobacco, cosmetics, chemical material and other industries. In this paper, α-hydroxylated acetal, an intermediate of acetoin, was prepared from 2-butanone by indirect electrooxidation in the plate and frame electrolytic cell, in which graphite plates were used as both an anode and a cathode, while KOH as an electrolyte and KI as a catalyst. Acetoin could be prepared by hydrolysis in acidic aqueous solution from acetoin intermediate. The effects of current density, electrolyte flow rate between the plates, 2-butanone concentration and electrolysis temperature …

Electrochemical Oxidation Of Metal Chromium In Odium Hydroxide Aqueous Solution, Ping Han, Hai-Tao Feng, Ya-Ping Dong, Sen Tian, Bo Zhang, Wu Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

Ferrochrome electrolysis technology is a novel method for preparing sodium chromate (Na₂CrO₄). Although the method performs well at soft reaction conditions, controllable process, environmentally friendly production process, etc., the electrochemical oxidation process of metal chromium in NaOH aqueous electrolyte is still unclear. At present, there are few research articles about specific electrochemical oxidation of metal chromium in NaOH aqueous electrolyte. It is, therefore, meaningful to carry out the research in electrochemical oxidation mechanism of chromium. The electrochemical oxidation of metal chromium in 0.01 mol·L^-1 ~ 10 mol·L^-1 NaOH aqueous electrolytes at 20 °C was …

Stability Studies For A Membrane Electrode Assembly Type Co2 Electro-Reduction Electrolytic Cell, Qing Mao, Bing-Yu Li, Wei-Yun Jing, Jian Zhao, Song Liu, Yan-Qiang Huang, Zhao-Long Du

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electro-catalytic reduction is an efficient way to achieve resourcable transformation of CO₂, which is one of the important techniques to solve the global environmental problems originated from excessive CO₂ emission. In this study, a membrane electrode assembly(MEA) type CO₂ electro-reduction electrolytic cell was constucted, which enables CO₂ feeding and real-time KHCO₃ aqueous updating on both sides of the cathode gas diffusion electrode (GDE). By means of the electrolytic cell, effects of KHCO₃ concentration and updating inside the liquid electrolytic chamber on CO₂ electro-reduction activity, production distribution and stability were investigated. The experimental …

Research Of Kinetic Characteristics Of The Process Of Decomposition Of Zinc Concentrate With Hydrochloric Acid, Rosilov Mansur, Deng Tianlong, Usmanov Ilham, Samadiy Murodjon

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the study was the theoretical justification of the kinetic characteristics of the process of producing zinc chloride from zinc concentrate of the Khandiza deposit. For this, the effect of temperature and duration of the process of autoclave zinc extraction in a 28% hydrochloric acid solution was studied at a ratio of Zn: HCI = 1:1.1. Variable parameters were the temperature of 70, 80 and 90 °C and the duration of the leaching process of 6, 8 and 10 hours. The optimal parameters for the production of zinc chloride were determined.

The Study Of The Component Composition Of The Reaction Mixture Containing Formaldehyde Reaction Products, Hurramov Lochinbek, Alimukhamedova Nozima, Adilov Ravshan, Alimukhamedov Muzafar

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of this work is to study the effect of the conditions of the reaction of monoethanolamine (Meol) with formaldehyde (FD) on the composition of the reaction mixture. Interaction of monoethanolamine with formaldehyde leads to the formation of N,N’,N”-tris(β-oxyethyl) hexahydro-S-triazine or N,N-bisoxazolidine. The type of final product was determined by the conditions of the reaction and the molar ratio of aminoalcohol:formaldehyde. The chromatogram of the vacuum-distilled final product obtained at the molar ratio of monoethanolamine:formaldehyde=1:1 shows on an individual compound with a retention time of 4.173 s. With increase in the molar ratio of monoethanolamine:formaldehyde=1: 2, the final product …