A Comparison Of Optical Measurement Methods For The Growth Of S. Cerevisiae,
2023
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
A Comparison Of Optical Measurement Methods For The Growth Of S. Cerevisiae, Jackson Black
Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Genetic engineering of living organisms provides the opportunity to express and harvest different proteins from cell surfaces. Yeast (S. cerevisiae) is one such organism and is capable of being grown on an industrial scale. Cellular concentration is an important parameter to monitor while fermentation processes are underway, in order to control the environment inside the growth medium and maximize yields. Spectrophotometry is a conventional method for measuring concentration, but is limited by a narrow absorbance range, and the need for on-site periodic sampling. A continuous method of measurement, as provided by Bug Labs BE2100 non-invasive biomass monitor, would …
Light Sheet Microscopy Incubation Design And Control Scheme,
2023
University of Connecticut
Light Sheet Microscopy Incubation Design And Control Scheme, Venkatanathan Kidambi
Honors Scholar Theses
The focus of the following paper is the development of a light sheet or selective plane illumination microscopy (LSM / SPIM) platform to support long duration three dimensional imaging of various cells and tissues. This paper describes the complete design and fabrication process behind the prototype, including a definition of light sheet microscopy and its differences from confocal microscopy, as well as existing open source selective plane microscopy literature and designs. The complete engineering design process as applied to the microscope design is described in detail. Specifically, this paper will focus on the development of an incubation chamber for light …
Cortical Effects Of Wrist Tendon Vibration During An Arm Tracking Task In Chronic Stroke Survivors: An Eeg Study,
2023
Marquette University
Cortical Effects Of Wrist Tendon Vibration During An Arm Tracking Task In Chronic Stroke Survivors: An Eeg Study, Dylan B. Snyder, Scott A. Beardsley, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Brian D. Schmit
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
The purpose of this study was to characterize changes in cortical activity and connectivity in stroke survivors when vibration is applied to the wrist flexor tendons during a visuomotor tracking task. Data were collected from 10 chronic stroke participants and 10 neurologically-intact controls while tracking a target through a figure-8 pattern in the horizontal plane. Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to measure cortical activity (beta band desynchronization) and connectivity (beta band task-based coherence) with movement kinematics and performance error also being recorded during the task. All participants came into our lab on two separate days and performed three blocks (16 trials …
Characterizing Endothelial Damage During Ischemic Stroke Treatment With 3d Cerebrovascular Live Cellular And Finite Element Models,
2023
Florida Institute of Technology
Characterizing Endothelial Damage During Ischemic Stroke Treatment With 3d Cerebrovascular Live Cellular And Finite Element Models, Ana Regina Martinez Dehesa
Theses and Dissertations
Stent retriever mechanical thrombectomy (SRMT) is part of the clinical standard-of-care for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO). Endothelial injury (EI) is widely associated with SRMT. Studies report finding EI markers in over 50% of retrieved clots, suggesting the frequency of EI in MT patients is rather common. The mechanism of EI and its contribution to MT failure and clinical outcomes remain poorly understood because of a lack of techniques to observe EI and study it in vitro. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms of EI induced by SRMT, as well as the effect stent …
Development Of A Pediatric Heart Assist Device Monitoring System,
2023
Florida Institute of Technology
Development Of A Pediatric Heart Assist Device Monitoring System, Natalie Hill
Theses and Dissertations
Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of deaths for adults worldwide, but has disproportionately significant effects on pediatric patients that are often overshadowed. Treatment options for pediatric patients with HF are extremely limited, resulting in increased mortality rates within hospitals. Patients often depend on ventricular assist device (VAD) support as a bridge to transplant. The Berlin Heart EXCOR is the only FDA approved device for pediatric use in the US. However, many hemodynamic and neurological complications continue to arise; for instance, up to 30% of EXCOR patients suffer from stroke. Currently, there is no effective way to …
A Reduced Order Model For Estimation Of Fractional Flow Reserve (Ffr) In Coronary Artery Disease: Assessing The Impact Of Side Branches,
2023
Florida Institute of Technology
A Reduced Order Model For Estimation Of Fractional Flow Reserve (Ffr) In Coronary Artery Disease: Assessing The Impact Of Side Branches, Arber Vila
Theses and Dissertations
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) affects millions of people worldwide and remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. To effectively plan treatment and risk stratification, assessing CAD severity is of paramount importance. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a critical clinical parameter used to evaluate CAD severity, measured by the ratio of mean distal coronary pressure to mean aortic pressure during hyperemic conditions. Although non-invasive FFR estimation methods have gained popularity, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is impractical for routine clinical use due to the time and resources required. To address this issue, a reduced order model is proposed that accurately captures …
Development Of A Customizable Framework For Data Driven Hemodynamic Analysis With Applications In Neurovascular And Cardiovascular Scenarios,
2023
Florida Institute of Technology
Development Of A Customizable Framework For Data Driven Hemodynamic Analysis With Applications In Neurovascular And Cardiovascular Scenarios, Rachel Mae Hillner
Theses and Dissertations
Cardiovascular disease, including but not limited to heart failure and aneurysms, remain a leading cause of death worldwide. Persons over the age of 40 experience upwards of a 20% chance of developing heart failure in their lifetime. With a decrease in viable donor hearts, the reliance on mechanical heart assist devices is on the rise. However, such devices are not without their complications. Specifically, for left heart failure, a common treat, the left ventricular assist device, is characterized by clotting, stroke, and low survival rates as a result. Many studies suggest that such unfavorable results are correlated to adverse hemodynamic …
Laser Inscribed Graphene Aptasensor For Detection Of Apple Stem Pitting Virus,
2023
Clemson University
Laser Inscribed Graphene Aptasensor For Detection Of Apple Stem Pitting Virus, Yifan Tang
All Theses
Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) is a latent RNA virus that could cause significant loss to apple production; early-stage field diagnosis could reduce the economic loss caused by ASPV infection. Biosensor is a promising user-friendly detection tool that could transduce biological or chemical interactions into electric signals. Among various types of biosensors, aptasensor, which use aptamers as recognition elements show potential as a high throughput, in-field test. The goal of this thesis is to develop an electrochemical aptasensor testing system for ASPV detection. The quality control study of laser inscribed graphene (LIG) based working electrode of the biosensor was conducted …
Effect Of Human Decellularized Skeletal Muscle On Recovery From Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury,
2023
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Effect Of Human Decellularized Skeletal Muscle On Recovery From Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury, Jacob Schluns
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) overwhelms muscle’s robust capacity for regeneration. A key event in the etiology of VML injury is the bulk loss of structural cues provided by the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM). While muscle is a highly structured tissue, with cell and ECM alignment in the direction of contractile force production, the impact of scaffold alignment on recovery remains unclear. Bulk human decellularized skeletal muscle (DSM) tissues were sectioned into 10 x 1-2 mm fibers. VML defects were repaired using multi-fiber implants consisting of approximately 8 fibers per defect arranged into two layers. Fibers were oriented 1) to the …
Mitral Valve Imaging And Biomechanics: A Workflow Towards Computational Modeling And Validation,
2023
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Mitral Valve Imaging And Biomechanics: A Workflow Towards Computational Modeling And Validation, Sam Stephens
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The mitral valve serves a critical role in healthy cardiac function by ensuring the unidirectional flow of oxygenated blood from the left atrium into the left ventricle. It experiences the highest pressures found within the heart and its closure is the result of a complex interaction of several different structures that, furthermore, are unique to each individual. Despite the valve’s vital role however, the specific function of these constituent structures is not fully understood. This, confounded by its asymmetric, personalized nature, make surgical interventions for the mitral valve far less effective than for its neighboring aortic valve. Efforts to overcome …
Automated Segmentation Of Autofluorescence Lifetime Images Using A Convolutional Neural Network,
2023
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Automated Segmentation Of Autofluorescence Lifetime Images Using A Convolutional Neural Network, Nicole Hooten
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Chronic wounds affect nearly 1 out of every 50 people in the United States, decreasing quality of life and putting people with potential comorbidities at high risk for obtaining an infection. Wound healing progress in clinical settings is measured by tracking wound size and there are currently no non-invasive, quantitative measurement techniques. Previous studies have proposed nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) autofluorescence lifetime (FLIM) imaging of the wound edge as a method to quantify the wound healing process by connecting the role of NADH in cellular metabolism to wound healing stage. However, evaluation of FLIM images is heavily subjective, as a …
Preparing Homogenous Composites Of Collagen And Cellulose Nanocrystals For Tissue Engineering Research,
2023
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Preparing Homogenous Composites Of Collagen And Cellulose Nanocrystals For Tissue Engineering Research, Zachary Stanley
Biological and Agricultural Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Advancements in medicine and our understanding of stem cells have led to a greater emphasis on further developing research focused on tissue engineering. This research has led to the rise of both two-dimensional and three-dimensional scaffolds that can be utilized to repair bone, skin, vascular, and potentially even nervous tissue. One of the prominent compounds used in modern scaffolds is collagen-based hydrogels due to their low antigenicity and ability to provide structure to cells. There is potential to further improve upon this three-dimensional scaffold by incorporating cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) into a composite hydrogel with collagen. The addition would increase the …
Wearable Sensor Gait Analysis For Fall Detection Using Deep Learning Methods,
2023
Old Dominion University
Wearable Sensor Gait Analysis For Fall Detection Using Deep Learning Methods, Haben Girmay Yhdego
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
World Health Organization (WHO) data show that around 684,000 people die from falls yearly, making it the second-highest mortality rate after traffic accidents [1]. Early detection of falls, followed by pneumatic protection, is one of the most effective means of ensuring the safety of the elderly. In light of the recent widespread adoption of wearable sensors, it has become increasingly critical that fall detection models are developed that can effectively process large and sequential sensor signal data. Several researchers have recently developed fall detection algorithms based on wearable sensor data. However, real-time fall detection remains challenging because of the wide …
Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Modulates Electron Transport And Mitochondrial Structure And Function,
2023
Old Dominion University
Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Modulates Electron Transport And Mitochondrial Structure And Function, Lucas Nelson Potter
Biomedical Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Pulsed power treatment has been used to induce regulated cell death (RCD) in cells or ablate tumors in animals. A subset of pulsed power as electroporation with high voltage and pulse duration of milliseconds is used for biomedical treatment to induce pores in the plasma membrane of cells. Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields (nsPEFs)– an extension of electroporation, uses waveforms with pulse durations on the order of 10-900 nanoseconds. nsPEF treatment has demonstrated intracellular effects for potential biomedical applications. In this work, nsPEF treatment is used to demonstrate changes that affect viability, plasma membrane permeability ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) in the …
Cardiac Ablation And Stimulation With Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields (Nspefs),
2023
Old Dominion University
Cardiac Ablation And Stimulation With Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields (Nspefs), Federica Serra
Biomedical Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Surgical ablation of cardiac tissue is the definitive treatment for the most common arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation. In current medical practice, myocardial tissue is often ablated by the application of radiofrequency (RF) currents which are delivered through an electrode to create lesions that block the electrical pathways that sustain reentrant arrhythmias and restore the normal heart rhythm. An alternative to RF is cryoablation, during which the endocardial or epicardial tissue is brought in contact with a cryoprobe. Both RF ablation and cryoablation have significant limitations. In RF ablation, tissue is heated in order to ablate it, but it is an open …
Validation Of Meta Motion Imu Sensors Through Measurement Of Knee Angles During Gait,
2023
Old Dominion University
Validation Of Meta Motion Imu Sensors Through Measurement Of Knee Angles During Gait, Kerri Caruso
Biomedical Engineering Theses & Dissertations
The implementation of inertial measurement units (IMU) in the biomechanical field has become increasingly popular due to their robustness, simplicity, accuracy, and the ability to move research out of a lab and into the real world. In this study, the MetaMotion IMU sensors are assessed for validity against a dynamometer and the Vicon motion capture system. Both systems have proven their measuring accuracies in the biomechanics world and are used as the truth source for this validation study. In the first part of this study, the sensors are assessed for various common sensor errors. Individual sensor components of the IMU, …
The Influence Of Myoblast Implantation On Arteriogenesis In Mice With Diet-Induced Obesity,
2023
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
The Influence Of Myoblast Implantation On Arteriogenesis In Mice With Diet-Induced Obesity, Rayana Gutierrez
Biomedical Engineering
Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) is characterized by atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of plaque, consisting largely of cholesterol, in the arterial walls. This plaque accumulation eventually blocks blood flow to the limbs, causing symptoms such as intermittent claudication and tissue death in cases of critical limb ischemia. The body compensates for the reduced perfusion by enlarging pre-existing bypass arteries, known as collaterals, in a process called arteriogenesis. However, in many cases, collateral networks constructed through arteriogenesis fail to enlarge sufficiently or function effectively in patients. Therefore, the development of a therapeutic intervention specifically targeting this process would offer a …
Structure-Property-Processing Analysis Of Graphene Bioscaffolds For Viability And Differentiation Of C2c12 Cells,
2023
Boise State University
Structure-Property-Processing Analysis Of Graphene Bioscaffolds For Viability And Differentiation Of C2c12 Cells, Lynn Karriem
Boise State University Theses and Dissertations
We investigated the structure – property – processing correlation of graphene bioscaffolds produced using three different methods. Bioscaffolds were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), sublimation of Silicon Carbide (SiC), and printed solvent assisted exfoliated graphene ink. To gain insight into the roughness and topography of graphene, AFM was performed on each bioscaffold. Raman spectroscopy mapping demonstrated differences in the I2D/IG ratio for each scaffold. Young’s modulus was determined by nanoindentation and indicated that epitaxial graphene had the highest average stiffness, followed by CVD, with printed graphene demonstrating the lowest average stiffness. To investigate the biocompatibility of …
Correlation Of Intracellular Metabolites With Optical Metabolic Imaging In Polarized Macrophages As Indicators Of Metabolic Reprogramming,
2023
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Correlation Of Intracellular Metabolites With Optical Metabolic Imaging In Polarized Macrophages As Indicators Of Metabolic Reprogramming, Abby Claire Denison, Shelby Bess
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Macrophages are a type of immune cell that are characterized by their ability to differentiate into various active phenotypes based on environmental stimuli. They can generally be classified as one of two extremes: inflammatory/M1 or wound-healing/M2. Macrophage populations in vivo, however, are rarely homogenous, and since macrophages play vital roles in the immune response, particularly in the context of the tumor microenvironment (TME), it’s important to be able to investigate and understand heterogenous macrophage populations to develop more effective treatments. Recently, autofluorescence imaging such as multiphoton microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of metabolic cofactors NADH and FAD have …
Comprehensive Long- And Short- Read Sequencing Approaches To Screen The Mutational Landscape After Therapeutic Crispr-Editing For Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy,
2023
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Comprehensive Long- And Short- Read Sequencing Approaches To Screen The Mutational Landscape After Therapeutic Crispr-Editing For Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Mary Jia, Made Harumi Padmaswari, Landon Burcham, Shilpi Agrawal, Alexis Ivy, Abbey Bryan, Christopher E. Nelson
Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked muscle wasting disease caused by mutations in the Dmd gene resulting in non-functional dystrophin. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated delivery of classical CRISPR systems resulting in double-stranded breaks (DSBs) has yielded promise as a curative DMD therapeutic. However, the consequences of AAV-CRISPR require more thorough characterization. PCR-enriched short-read amplicon sequencing at cut sites is the most common method of sequencing CRISPR editing, but PCR bias results in unreliable quantification of on-target edits. We analyze orthogonal long- and short-read sequencing approaches to screen the outcomes of CRISPR technologies at the DNA and RNA-level for DMD. We …
