Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons^™

Noncontact Diffuse Correlation Tomography Of Human Breast Tumor, Lian He, Yu Lin, Chong Huang, Daniel Irwin, Margaret M. Szabunio, Guoqiang Yu

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Our first step to adapt our recently developed noncontact diffuse correlation tomography (ncDCT) system for three-dimensional (3-D) imaging of blood flow distribution in human breast tumors is reported. A commercial 3-D camera was used to obtain breast surface geometry, which was then converted to a solid volume mesh. An ncDCT probe scanned over a region of interest on the mesh surface and the measured boundary data were combined with a finite element framework for 3-D image reconstruction of blood flow distribution. This technique was tested in computer simulations and in vivo human breasts with low-grade carcinoma. Results from computer simulations …

Mobile Cloud Computing Based Non Rigid Registration For Image Guided Surgery, Arun Brahmavar Vishwanatha

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

In this thesis we present the design and implementation of a Mobile Cloud computing platform for non-rigid registration required in Image Guided Surgery (MCIGS). MCIGS contributes in flexible, portable and accurate alignment of pre-operative brain data with intra-operative MRI, for image guided diagnosis and therapy and endoscopic skull base surgery. Improved precision of image guided therapy and specifically neurosurgery procedures is known to result in the improved prognosis for brain tumor patients. MCI GS system is tested with Physics Based Non-Rigid Registration method form ITK. Our preliminary results for brain images indicate that the proposed system over Wi-Fi can be …

Silver Nanoparticle Coated Bioactive Glasses - Composites With Dex/Cmc Hydrogels: Characterization, Solubility, And In Vitro Biological Studies, Anthony W. Wren, Pegah Hassanzadeh, Lana M. Placek, Timothy J. Keenan, Aisling Coughlan, Lydia R. Boutelle, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Silver (Ag) coated bioactive glass particles (Ag-BG) were formulated and compared to uncoated controls (BG) in relation to glass characterization, solubility and microbiology. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed a crystalline AgNP surface coating while ion release studies determined low Ag release (/L). Cell culture studies presented increased cell viability (127 and 102%) with lower liquid extract (50 and 100 ml/ml) concentrations. Antibacterial testing of Ag-BG in E. coli, S. epidermidis and S. aureus significantly reduced bacterial cell viability by 60-90%. Composites of Ag-BG/CMC-Dex Hydrogels were formulated and characterized. Agar diffusion testing was conducted where Ag-BG/hydrogel composites produced the largest inhibition zones …

Breast Cancer/Stromal Cells Coculture On Polyelectrolyte Films Emulates Tumor Stages And Mirna Profiles Of Clinical Samples, Amita Daverey, Karleen M. Brown, Srivatsan Kidambi

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

In this study, we demonstrate a method for controlling breast cancer cells adhesion on polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films without the aid of adhesive proteins/ ligands to study the role of tumor and stromal cell interaction on cancer biology. Numerous studies have explored engineering coculture of tumor and stromal cells predominantly using transwell coculture of stromal cells cultured onto coverslips that were subsequently added to tumor cell cultures. However, these systems imposed an artificial boundary that precluded cell−cell interactions. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of patterned coculture of tumor cells and stromal cells that captures the temporal changes …

Review Of Biomedical Čerenkov Luminescence Imaging Applications, Kaveh Tanha, Ali Mahmoud Pashazadeh, Brian W. Pogue

Dartmouth Scholarship

Čerenkov radiation is a fascinating optical signal, which has been exploited for unique diagnostic biological sensing and imaging, with significantly expanded use just in the last half decade. Čerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) has desirable capabilities for niche applications, using specially designed measurement systems that report on radiation distributions, radiotracer and nanoparticle concentrations, and are directly applied to procedures such as medicine assessment, endoscopy, surgery, quality assurance and dosimetry. When compared to the other imaging tools such as PET and SPECT, CLI can have the key advantage of lower cost, higher throughput and lower imaging time. CLI can also provide imaging …

Design Of A Non-Contact Home Monitoring System For Audio Detection Of Infant Apnea, Daniel T. White

Master's Theses

Infant apnea is a widespread condition in which infants fail to effectively breathe, and can lead to death. Clinical solutions exist for continuous monitoring of respirations in a hospital setting and requiring constant skin contact. This thesis investigates the construction of a proof of concept device that performs in-home monitoring without skin contact and with commonly available off-the-shelf components.

The device constructed used a directional microphone to detect breathing sounds, an omnidirectional microphone to detect ambient noise as a baseline to help isolate the breathing sounds, and LabVIEW software deployed on an inexpensive laptop computer to quantify incidents of apparent …

Manipulation Of The Electrical Double Layer For Control And Sensing In A Solid State Nanopore, Samuel L. Bearden

All Dissertations

Nanopores have been explored with the goal of achieving non-functionalized, sub-molecular sensors, primarily with the purpose of producing fast, low-cost DNA sequencers. Because of the nanoscale volume within the nanopore structure, it is possible to isolate individual molecular and sub-molecular analytes. Nanopore DNA sequencing has remained elusive due to high noise levels and the challenge of obtaining single-nucleotide resolution. However, the complete electrical double layer within the nanopore is a key feature of fluid-nanopore interaction and has been neglected in previous studies. By exploring interactions with the electrical double layer in various nanopore systems, we characterize the material, electrical, and …

Bioactive Glass Reinforced Elastomer Composites For Skeletal Regeneration: A Review, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ivan Djordjevic, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Biodegradable elastomers have clinical applicability due to their biocompatibility, tunable degradation and elasticity. The addition of bioactive glasses to these elastomers can impart mechanical properties sufficient for hard tissue replacement. Hence, a composite with a biodegradable polymer matrix and a bio glass filler can offer a method of augmenting existing tissue. This article reviews the applications of such composites for skeletal augmentation.

Validation Of A Finite Element Model Of The Humerus For Fracture Risk Assessment During Assisted Ambulation, Jessica M. Fritz, Prateek Grover, Nicole M. Grosland, Carolyne Albert, Linda M. Mcgrady, Mei Wang, Gerald F. Harris

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Finite Element Assessment Of Pediatric Femoral Response To Loading During Ambulation: Normal Vs. Osteogenesis Imperfecta (Oi) Bone, Jessica M. Fritz, Carolyne Albert, Nicole M. Grosland, Peter A. Smith, Gerald F. Harris

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Characterization And Performance Of Algal Biofilms For Wastewater Treatment And Industrial Applications, Maureen Kesaano

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was carried out on algal biofilms grown using rotating algal biofilm reactors (RABRs) with the aim of: i) characterizing their growth in terms of photosynthetic activity and morphology ii) evaluating their performance as a wastewater treatment option and a feedstock for biofuels production, and iii) examining the algal-bacteria interactions.

A review of algal biofilm technologies currently employed in wastewater treatment processes was made to compare nutrient removal efficiencies, factors that influenced algal biofilm growth, and the different bioproducts generated from algal biomass. Consequently, research efforts were directed towards addressing pertinent issues identified in literature in order to optimize …

Stratification Of A Population Of Intracranial Aneurysms Using Blood Flow Metrics., Rohini Retarekar, Manasi Ramachandran, Benjamin Berkowitz, Robert E. Harbaugh, David Hasan, Robert H. Rosenwasswer, Christopher S. Ogilvy, Madhavan L. Raghavan

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Indices of the intra-aneurysm hemodynamic environment have been proposed as potentially indicative of their longitudinal outcome. To be useful, the indices need to be used to stratify large study populations and tested against known outcomes. The first objective was to compile the diverse hemodynamic indices reported in the literature. Furthermore, as morphology is often the only patient-specific information available in large population studies, the second objective was to assess how the ranking of aneurysms in a population is affected by the use of steady flow simulation as an approximation to pulsatile flow simulation, even though the former is clearly non-physiological. …

Method And Apparatus For Diagnosing And Assessing Centralized Pain, Jeffrey Hargrove

Mechanical Engineering Patents

Methods for central pain diagnosis and assessment, symptom severity prediction, and therapeutic intervention effect determination. The diagnosis and assessment method includes a statistical comparison between a subject's quantitative brain function assessment and either a database of quantitative assessments of brain functions of healthy individuals, or a database of quantitative assessments of brain functions of individuals known to have been suffering from chronic pain as a result of the abnormal brain function condition. Diagnosis and assessment may be accomplished using a neuroimaging device to sense and generate images representing central nervous system function, using a sensory stimulation device to stimulate brain …

Development Of Polymer Composite Based Enabling Technologies For Lab-On-A-Chip Devices, Vinicio Carias

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation presents enabling technologies to fabricate thermo-responsive polymer composite based Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) devices. LOC devices, also known as micro-total-analytical systems (microTAS) or microfluidic devices can amalgamate miniaturized laboratory functions on a single chip. This significant size reduction decreases the amount of required fluid volumes down to nano or pico-liters. The main commercial application of LOC devices is the biomedical fields. However, these devices are anticipated to make a technological revolution similar to the way miniaturization changed computers. In fact, medical and chemical analyses are predicted to shift from room-sized laboratories to hand-held portable devices.

This dissertation is divided into …

A Patient-Specific Model Of The Biomechanics Of Hip Reduction For Neonatal Developmental Dysplasia Of The Hip: Investigation Of Strategies For Low To Severe Grades Of Developmental Dysplasia Of The Hip, Victor Huayamave, Christopher Rose, Sheila Serra, Brendan Jones, Eduardo Divo, Faissal Moslehy, Alain J. Kassab, Charles T. Price

Publications

A physics-based computational model of neonatal Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) following treatment with the Pavlik Harness (PV) was developed to obtain muscle force contribution in order to elucidate biomechanical factors influencing the reduction of dislocated hips. Clinical observation suggests that reduction occurs in deep sleep involving passive muscle action. Consequently, a set of five (5) adductor muscles were identified as mediators of reduction using the PV. A Fung/Hill-type model was used to characterize muscle response. Four grades (1–4) of dislocation were considered, with one (1) being a low subluxation and four (4) a severe dislocation. A three-dimensional model …

Matrix Compliance And The Regulation Of Cytokinesis, Savitha Sambandamoorthy, Shomita Mathew-Steiner, Scott Varney, Jonathan M. Zuidema, Ryan J. Gilbert, Livingston De Van Water, Susan E. Laflamme

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Integrin-mediated cell adhesion to the ECM regulates many physiological processes in part by controlling cell proliferation. It is well established that many normal cells require integrin-mediated adhesion to enter S phase of the cell cycle. Recent evidence indicates that integrins also regulate cytokinesis. Mechanical properties of the ECM can dictate entry into S phase; however, it is not known whether they also can affect the successful completion of cell division. To address this issue, we modulated substrate compliance using fibronectin-coated acrylamide-based hydrogels. Soft and hard substrates were generated with approximate elastic moduli of 1600 and 34,000 Pascals (Pa) respectively. Our …

Gold Nanoparticle Enhancements In Electroporation Mediated Dna And Rna Therapeutics, Shuyan Huang

Doctoral Dissertations

Nonviral gene delivery methods have been explored as the replacement of viral systems for their low toxicity and immunogenicity. However, they have yet to reach levels competitive to their viral counterparts. Electroporation figured prominently as an effective nonviral gene delivery approach for its balance on the transfection efficiency and cell viability, no restrictions of probe or cell type, and operation simplicity. The commercial electroporation systems have been widely adopted in the past two decades but still carry drawbacks associated with the high applied electric voltage, unsatisfied delivery efficiency, and/or low cell viability. What we did was to improve electroporation performance …

A Non-Invasive Fluorescence-Based Oxygen Sensor And Platform For Studying Cell Responses To Metabolic Agents In Real-Time, Koutilya Reddy Buchapudi

Doctoral Dissertations

A fluorescence-based sensor in a transverse flow/stop measurement platform has been developed to determine real-time changes in oxygen consumption rates for cell metabolic studies. The oxygen sensitive fluorophore platinum octaethylporphyrin was embedded in a cellulose acetate matrix and affixed to a fiber optic bundle, which provided for transmission of the excitation and emission wavelengths of the film. The fiber optic bundle was sealed in a sensor head that can be used in standard 24-well plates common to research labs. The utility of the sensor and sensing platform were determined by measuring the changes in oxygen consumption rates of Candida albicans …

Diamond Mems Biosensors: Development And Applications, Wenli Zhang

Doctoral Dissertations

This research focuses on the development a dielectrophoresis-enhanced microfluidic impedance biosensor (DEP-e-MIB) to enable fast response, real-time, label-free, and highly sensitive sensor for bacterial detection in clinical sample. The proposed design consists of application of dielectrophoresis (DEP) across a microfluidic channel to one of the impedance spectroscopy electrodes in order to improve the existent bacterial detection limits with impedance spectroscopy. In order to realize such a design, choice of electrode material with a wide electrochemical potential window for water is very important. Conventional electrode material, such as gold, are typically insulated for the application of DEP, and they fail when …

Monitoring The Progression Of Spontaneous Articular Cartilage Healing With Infrared Spectroscopy, Megan P. O'Brien, Madhuri Penmatsa, Uday Palukuru, Paul West, Xu Yang, Mathias P. G. Bostrom, Theresa Freeman, Nancy Pleshko

Publications and Research

Objective. Evaluation of early compositional changes in healing articular cartilage is critical for understanding tissue repair and for therapeutic decision-making. Fourier transform infrared imaging spectroscopy (FT-IRIS) can be used to assess the molecular composition of harvested repair tissue. Furthermore, use of an infrared fiber-optic probe (IFOP) has the potential for translation to a clinical setting to provide molecular information in situ. In the current study, we determined the feasibility of IFOP assessment of cartilage repair tissue in a rabbit model, and assessed correlations with gold-standard histology.

Design. Bilateral osteochondral defects were generated in mature white New Zealand rabbits, and …