Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

European History Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

7,904 Full-Text Articles 4,671 Authors 11,216,307 Downloads 242 Institutions

All Articles in European History

Faceted Search

7,904 full-text articles. Page 124 of 222.

Der Hungerwinter: Family, Famine, The Black Market, And Denazification In Allied-Occupied Germany (1945 - 1949), Tyler Stanley 2018 James Madison University

Der Hungerwinter: Family, Famine, The Black Market, And Denazification In Allied-Occupied Germany (1945 - 1949), Tyler Stanley

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

This paper analyzes numerous letters written among several members of a German family living under the Allied occupation. The Lingenhoel family were one of a great many Germans enduring hunger, famine, and denazification in the immediate postwar period. Using the Lingenhoel family as the lens of analysis, this paper ultimately assesses the Allies' efforts to alleviate the widespread hunger and the Germans' responsibility of collaborating with the former Nazi government.


“‘Bere We Þe Cros’: The Persistence Of The Cross In English Ritual And Religious Practices From Bede To The Reformation”, David Black 2018 James Madison University

“‘Bere We Þe Cros’: The Persistence Of The Cross In English Ritual And Religious Practices From Bede To The Reformation”, David Black

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Long before Christian missionaries arrived in England in the 7th century, the pagan population recognized the cross as a potent magical symbol. As a result, proselytizers shrewdly used the population’s familiarity with the cross, and their understandings of its power, to encourage converts to the new religion. Over the ensuing centuries of English Christian dominance, the magical aspects of the cross continued to develop both mythologically and theologically, without ever losing connection to their pagan origins. The Crusades, both through the propaganda of preachers and the massive influx of True Cross Relics, contributed in a substantial way to new …


The Presbyterian Enlightenment: The Confluence Of Evangelical And Enlightenment Thought In British America, Brandon S. Durbin 2018 James Madison University

The Presbyterian Enlightenment: The Confluence Of Evangelical And Enlightenment Thought In British America, Brandon S. Durbin

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Eighteenth-Century British American Presbyterian ministers incorporated covenantal theology, ideas from the Scottish Enlightenment, and resistance theory in their sermons. The sermons of Presbyterian ministers strongly indicate the intermixing of enlightenment and evangelical ideas. Congregants heard and read these sermons, spreading these ideas to the average colonist. This combination helps explain why American Presbyterians were so apt to resist British rule during the American Revolution. Protestant covenantal theology, derived from Protestant reformers like John Calvin and John Knox, emphasized virtue and duty. This covenant affected both the people and their rulers. When rulers failed to uphold their covenant with God, the …


Dracula: The Anti-Vaccination Movement And Urban Life In Victorian England, Mary Elisabeth Carter Goode 2018 Harding University

Dracula: The Anti-Vaccination Movement And Urban Life In Victorian England, Mary Elisabeth Carter Goode

Tenor of Our Times

Often, scholars examine Dracula through the lens of sexual dangers and exploits; however, there is another avenue that deserves investigation. "Dracula: The Anti-Vaccination Movement and Urban Life in Victorian England" examines the relationship between Bram Stoker's Dracula and the anti-vaccination movement in Victorian England. In particular, this paper focuses on Stoker's commentary on Victorian England's vaccination movement throughout the pages of his work.


Should France And Great Britain Have Gone To War With Germany In 1938? Maybe…, Lee Eysturlid 2018 Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy

Should France And Great Britain Have Gone To War With Germany In 1938? Maybe…, Lee Eysturlid

Faculty Publications & Research

The situation in Europe in 1938 can only be seen, in the historical light of the war that was to come a year later, for what did actually come to pass. However, there exists a single, great counter-factual question that makes for a really interesting analysis of the time, the politics, and the military abilities of all the states involved. The question is what if the United Kingdom and France had decided—or felt themselves forced—to go to war with Hitler's Germany at some point in 1938, as opposed to a full year later? The numerous crises and the changing nature …


Stories Behind The Berlin Wall: Lesson Modules, Nicholas Redmon 2018 Utah State University

Stories Behind The Berlin Wall: Lesson Modules, Nicholas Redmon

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

I have grappled with my primary collection just as scholars and popular authors have with bringing these stories together with political histories. My goal is to create a digital map and analysis on specific themes like education and guard duty from the lives lived behind the Wall and their discourse with the government. I would like to explore how the divide impacted lives in 1961, created a GDR Society, and produced a division still felt in Germany today. The target audience of this project is U.S. students in high school and higher education. Students will be able to access timely …


Iñigo To Ignatius: The Spiritual Foundation Of The Society Of Jesus, Lee T. Holden 2018 Wofford College

Iñigo To Ignatius: The Spiritual Foundation Of The Society Of Jesus, Lee T. Holden

Student Scholarship

When one thinks of the accomplishments of Ignatius of Loyola, it is hard to imagine that he is, to most moderns, little more than a name. Most people know at least something about the Society of Jesus, often called the Jesuits, but what about its founder? Though he is a canonized saint, he did not apply his own name to his order, as did Benedict, Francis, and Dominic. This, perhaps, tells us more about Ignatius than many scholars could. Following his ‘conversion’ he was a man who relentlessly deflected credit for his doings away from himself. Though he was the …


Introduction: Finding Meaning In Life And History, Michael T. DeSantis 2018 College of the Holy Cross

Introduction: Finding Meaning In Life And History, Michael T. Desantis

Of Life and History

No abstract provided.


Of Life And History, Vol. 1 (May 2018), 2018 College of the Holy Cross

Of Life And History, Vol. 1 (May 2018)

Of Life and History

No abstract provided.


Zycie W Ameryce: Life In America—Polish-American Cultural Resilience And Adaptation In The Face Of Americanization, Brynn A. Cotter 2018 College of the Holy Cross

Zycie W Ameryce: Life In America—Polish-American Cultural Resilience And Adaptation In The Face Of Americanization, Brynn A. Cotter

Of Life and History

No abstract provided.


Une Crise D’Identité: The Use Of Institutional Systems To Build Nationalism In Alsace And Lorraine Following The First World War, 1918-1925, Catherine B. Griffin 2018 College of the Holy Cross

Une Crise D’Identité: The Use Of Institutional Systems To Build Nationalism In Alsace And Lorraine Following The First World War, 1918-1925, Catherine B. Griffin

Of Life and History

No abstract provided.


Remembering Agincourt: An Analysis Of King Henry V'S Impact On English National Identity, Nathan C. Harkey 2018 Harding University

Remembering Agincourt: An Analysis Of King Henry V'S Impact On English National Identity, Nathan C. Harkey

Tenor of Our Times

King Henry V is one of the best remembered monarchs in English History. Although he died at the untimely age of 36 after only nine years on the throne, his reign saw England's empire in France reach its highest point, an accomplishment that was actualized in the of the Battle of Agincourt. In the six centuries since, both Henry's reign as a whole and the battle itself have impacted the identity of the English nation in many ways. This paper analyzes the influence of these events on those who followed, ranging from the use of heraldry after the battle to …


Creating A New World: A Historiography Of The Atlantic World, Sam Traughber 2018 Harding University

Creating A New World: A Historiography Of The Atlantic World, Sam Traughber

Tenor of Our Times

Atlantic History, the study of the transatlantic connections between Western Europe, the Americas, and West Africa during the early modern period, has grown in use and popularity in recent years. This paper follows the historiography of the Atlantic World from a 1917 article in The New Republic to the publication of a popular history on the subject with Charles C. Mann’s 2011 book 1493. It discusses developments and contributions from a wide variety of scholars including political historians, economic historians, social historians, biological historians, historiographers, and geographers as well as the influence of the transatlantic nature of the Cold War …


Seventeenth-Century Basque Witchtrials: The Interaction Of Socio-Religious Norms Within The Contact Zone Of The Accused And The Inquisitor, Michelle Gizinski Earwicker 2018 Boise State University

Seventeenth-Century Basque Witchtrials: The Interaction Of Socio-Religious Norms Within The Contact Zone Of The Accused And The Inquisitor, Michelle Gizinski Earwicker

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

During the early seventeenth century, the Catholic Church sought to eradicate any belief systems that did not align with Catholic theology. In the Basque regions of Spain and France, these efforts produced a series of witch hunts between 1608 – 1614, in which the Church labeled as diabolical and nefarious the socio-religious belief systems the Basque people tried to incorporate into their practice of Catholicism. This thesis uses the confessions of accused Basque witches gathered during investigations and trials to explore Basques’ mention of pre-Christian symbols and beliefs, which I argue were often misunderstood by the Inquisitors as evidence of …


Rohmann's "Christianity Book-Burning And Censorship In Late Antiquity: Studies In Text Transmission" (Critical Book Review), Joseph Baumstarck Jr. 2018 Southern Baptist Theological Seminary

Rohmann's "Christianity Book-Burning And Censorship In Late Antiquity: Studies In Text Transmission" (Critical Book Review), Joseph Baumstarck Jr.

The Christian Librarian

No abstract provided.


Becoming Evil: The Shaping Of A Nazi Female Consciousness From Weimar Through The Third Reich, Maria T. Murphy 2018 University of Southern Mississippi

Becoming Evil: The Shaping Of A Nazi Female Consciousness From Weimar Through The Third Reich, Maria T. Murphy

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.


Comparing Monarchical Use Of Religion And Popular Responses In England And Russia In The Seventeenth And Eighteenth Centuries, Megan Miller 2018 University of New Orleans

Comparing Monarchical Use Of Religion And Popular Responses In England And Russia In The Seventeenth And Eighteenth Centuries, Megan Miller

Senior Honors Theses

This thesis compares the use of religion by Russian and English monarchies in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, as well as the response of the public in each country. It examines official religion in each state, as well as the kinds of toleration each extended to other religions. In both cases, the outlook of the monarchy changed over the course of the period under study; while both monarchies clearly understood the key role religion played in the lives of their subjects and the power it afforded the state and its sovereigns, the “official” use of religion continued in Russia and …


The Cultural Cold War And The New Women Of Power. Making A Case Based On The Fulbright And Ford Foundations In Greece, Despina Lalaki 2018 CUNY New York City College of Technology

The Cultural Cold War And The New Women Of Power. Making A Case Based On The Fulbright And Ford Foundations In Greece, Despina Lalaki

Publications and Research

When in the 1950s C. Wright Mills was writing about the emergence of the new power elites he paid no attention to the presence of women in its midsts. He was not entirely mistaken. Yet there is a particular intertwining of the ideologies of leadership and masculinity which serves to maintain the status quo, the privilege of an elite and perpetuate preconceptions about political agency and gender. In an attempt to go beyond available models and predominantly masculine images of the postwar America the present article accounts for women’s role in the postwar American efforts for cultural hegemony. It focuses …


Feminism Under And After Franco: Success And Failure In The Democratic Transition, Kathryn L. Mahaney 2018 CUNY Graduate Center

Feminism Under And After Franco: Success And Failure In The Democratic Transition, Kathryn L. Mahaney

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation, through an examination of late-20th century Spanish feminism, analyzes how Spaniards’ anxieties about their nation’s post-Franco identity have influenced domestic debates about women’s rights and, eventually, gender equality policy. In this way debates about women’s rights have been central to Spaniards’ post-Franco political and cultural identity. I have also argued for a broader understanding of both the Sección Femenina and of Spanish feminism that places each in context of developments in Western European, and not just Spanish, culture and politics. The dissertation undertakes this argument over four chapters. Chapter One argues that unlike other elements within the Franco …


Lauretta Vinciarelli In Context: Transatlantic Dialogues In Architecture, Art, Pedagogy, And Theory, 1968-2007, Rebecca Siefert 2018 CUNY Graduate Center

Lauretta Vinciarelli In Context: Transatlantic Dialogues In Architecture, Art, Pedagogy, And Theory, 1968-2007, Rebecca Siefert

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation centers on the interdisciplinary work of Italian-born artist, architect, teacher, and theorist Lauretta Vinciarelli (1943-2011), a key yet relatively unknown figure who occupies a historic place in the 1970s revival of architectural drawings, Columbia University’s housing studio, Peter Eisenman’s influential Institute of Architecture and Urban Studies (IAUS) in New York, and architectonic trends in contemporary painting. She was the first woman to have drawings acquired by the Department of Architecture and Design at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA, in 1974), she was among the first women to teach architecture studio courses at Columbia University (hired in 1978), …


Digital Commons powered by bepress