Islamic World and Near East History Commons^™

From Patrons To Landlords: The Transformation Of Class Relations In Zanzibar Through Wakf Reform, Isabel Spafford

Honors Theses

This study examines the role of wakf reforms in reshaping class relationships in Zanzibar during the British protectorate. Prior to the establishment of the British protectorate in Zanzibar, wakf dedications maintained patron-client relationships between the landowning class and poor clients that were established during the time of slavery but continued after abolition. I argue that wakf dedications were essential to continuing these relationships, and therefore British wakf reforms were necessary to achieve British colonial goals of dissolving patron-client relationships and establishing a capitalist system based on wage labor and ground rent. I analyze the relationship of the British colonial class ...

A Safavid Royal Bathhouse Uncovered: Re-Evaluation Of The Sa‘Ādatābād Garden Of Qazvin With New Archaeological Evidence, Sean Silvia

MAD-RUSH Undergraduate Research Conference

In 2019, archaeologists broke ground at the site of Shah Ṭahmāsp I’s Sa’ādatābād in Qazvin, a royal garden and palace complex finished in 1557. There they discovered remains of a Safavid bathhouse. There have been many recent efforts to reconstruct Sa’ādatābād as it originally was, but none of them include the recently unearthed baths in their models. The archaeological team’s dig reports also do not perform this sort of analysis. This paper will consider historical and archaeological evidence to incorporate the bathhouse discovery into the reconstruction of Sa’ādatābād. It will situate the baths within the ...

John Of Damascus’S Theological Methodology: An Effective Way To Answer Islamic Objections, Sherene N. Khouri

Eleutheria

John of Damascus, who is considered one of the three pillars of the Eastern Orthodox church, was not known in the West for a long time. Few scholars studied his work in recent years and highlighted some aspects of his Summa, which is considered the first systematic theology work in the history of Christianity. This paper will have three sections: the first section shall discuss the life and the educational background of John. The second section shall discuss and evaluate John’s theological methodology. The third section shall discuss his methodology in answering the Saracen. This paper aims to highlight ...

A City Divided: A Gis-Informed Study Of Urban Planning In Amman, Jordan, Ella Lawson

Honors Theses

Amman, the capital of Jordan, faces an impending infrastructure crisis. The city is plagued by water shortages, a lack of affordable housing, extreme traffic congestion, and dwindling open space. Over the past seventy-five years, several urban planning commissions have attempted to address these issues through policy change and other municipal directives. These plans help illustrate the different forces at play in constructing the city—whether they be the residents themselves, city officials, or international consultants. All the plans use neighborhoods as a primary metric for measuring need and organizing development. Likewise, all the plans focus on the importance of green ...

Revisiting British Zionism In The Early 20th Century, Benjamin Marin

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Long considered irrelevant and unimportant to Zionist history, British Zionists played a necessarily important role in the movement in the early 20th century leading up to the 1917 Balfour Declaration and into the 1920s. Historical narratives that have embraced a reductive view of Zionist history that championed Dr. Chaim Weizmann's prominent role during this period have largely shaped this perspective. In this paper, I examine several British Zionists such as Moses Gaster, Leopold Greenberg, Leonard Stein, Frederick Kisch, and Alfred Mond and the roles they played during this pivotal period for Zionism.

The Iran Hostage Crisis: A Media Narrative, Catherine Claire Hausman

Honors Theses

The Iran Hostage Crisis, from November 4, 1979 to January 20, 1981, was a defining moment in American foreign policy and US – Iranian relations. The news media – local and national newspapers and television – was saturated with coverage of the situation in Tehran and the subsequent US reaction. Americans watched the news over the 444 days, feeling sympathy and forging a collective national bond with the hostages; the international conflict was deeply personal for many Americans. The media played a central role in the establishment of the narrative of the hostage crisis, developing specific roles and personas of the United States ...

More Than Sectarianism: How Have State And Non-State Institutions Used Violence To Form The Current Iraqi State And What Is The Effect?, Caitlyn Perkins

Honors Theses

This thesis examines the role of violence in Iraq in establishing the current Iraqi state. My chapters provide historical and theoretical context to the subject before getting into the analysis. The goal of this thesis is to show that violence in Iraq is not only caused by sectarian differences, but has been used and influenced by leaders, outside governments, and non-state institutions for personal gain and political goals at the cost of the Iraqi people.

Arab Authors’ Responses To Cross-Cultural Experiences With Europe: The Contrasting Perspectives Of ‘Abd Al-Rahman Al-Jabarti And Rifa‘A Al-Tahtawi, Clara R. Keuss

Global Tides

This article contrasts the ways in which major Arab authors of the early or pre- Nahda (Ar. "awakening," "renaissance") period (ca. 1850-1950) responded to the French during and after the Napoleonic occupation of Egypt (1798-1801), specifically through Abd al-Rahman al-Jabarti’s contemporary chronicles of the invasion and Rifa'a al-Tahtawi's account of his five-year stay in Paris (1826-31). In so doing, it explores how or whether these reflections on the European other inflected the later development of modern Arabic narrative and concepts of Egyptian identity.

Seamen And Sinners: Piracy And The Labor Culture Of The Early Eighteenth-Century British Atlantic World, Avonlea Bowthorpe

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Abstract: Between 1700 and 1730, the British Atlantic was significantly influenced by two compelling forces. The first was the continued and accelerating growth of competing European empires in the region, who in this period endeavored to define and protect their territorial boundaries whilst setting up profitable economic systems of production and commerce within them. The second was that of the pirates of the Atlantic, who, in a final crescendo of violence and destruction, would take hundreds of ships, disrupt highly valuable trade, and engage in bloody warfare with the Royal Navy. The purpose of this paper is to examine the ...

The Return: Life After Isis, John C. Lyden

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of The Return: Life After ISIS (2021), directed by Alba Sotorra Clua.

السياسة البريطانية في الخليج العربي الأهداف والنتائج 1600 – 1843 م, م. عصام خليل محمد ابراهيم الصالحي

Midad AL-Adab Refereed Quarterly Journal

The researcher deals with one of the highly important topics which is the British invasion of the Arab Gulf at the beginning of the seventeenth century and with what it had produced of negative effects on the political and economic conditions of the Arab Gulf represented in the Persian ambitions for seizing the east coast and its islandsand the ambitions of the Persian ruling families to impose its control on other areas in addition to its control over its waters.

The Arab Gulf is a vital part in the great Arab homeland and is deeply rooted in its ancient history ...

الدور السياسي والإداري لزوجات خانات المغول خلال العصر العباسي (626-650هـ) / (1228-1252م) سيورقو قيتيتي بيكي ، وأوغول غايميش انموذجا, أ.م.د. سعاد هادي حسن الطائي

Midad AL-Adab Refereed Quarterly Journal

The paper is an expanded study of thepolitical andadministrativeroles of two Mongols' emperors who were models for the political and administrative lives. They were affected by and affected the events in the Mughal court. Moreover, they had other important roles in management and construction as well as their interests in science and scientists and they patronised them. Accordingly the Mongols and their princes focused on a number of them that they trusted them and consulted them in several things that concern the country.

Undoubtedly, the wives' concern in the political and administrative matters stemmed from their desire for achieving esteem ...

Hagar And Potiphar’S Wife: A Representation Of Egypt In Judaism And Islam, Nardine Attia

Capstone and Graduation Projects

As a nation and land, modern Egypt has gradually been depicted as a female. Considering Egypt’s prominence in Judaism and Islam, from a close reading of Jewish and Islamic texts pertaining to two Egyptian women—Hagar and Potiphar’s wife— various similarities could be noted between these female figures and Egypt as portrayed in the two Abrahamic religions. While Potiphar’s wife seems to be more representative of Egypt in Judaism and Islam, the different portrayal of both women across religious texts provides each with a space to reflect different aspects defining Egypt in each religion.

Between Kurdistan And Damascus: Kurdish Nationalism And Arab State Formation In Syria, Alexander K. Mckeever

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Since the fall of the Ottoman empire, Kurdish nationalism has developed as an ideology within a regional state system where Kurds lack national representation or recognition. This ideology has manifested itself into a fractured movement where the contemporary state borders that separate the Kurdish population at large have proven to be both a limiting and a creative factor. This thesis examines the history of Kurdish nationalism in Syria with a focus on both the local context as defined by Syria’s borders in addition to the broader region, for the politics of Kurds in Syria have clearly been shaped by ...

The National Interest And The Roots Of American-Saudi Diplomacy, Oliver B. Wiegel

School of Arts & Sciences Theses

This paper analyzes the beginnings of diplomacy between the United States and Saudi Arabia during the interwar years and World War II. It explores how national interest was decided upon, how oil companies affected American foreign policy, and the American government’s strategic interest in Saudi oil reserves.

Who Is A Muslim?: Orientalism And Literary Populisms [Toc], Maryam Wasif Khan

Literature

Who is a Muslim? Orientalism and Literary Populisms argues that modern Urdu literature, from its inception in colonial institutions such as Fort William College, Calcutta to its dominant forms in contemporary Pakistan—popular novels, short stories, television serials—is formed around a question that is and historically has been at the core of early modern and modern Western literatures. The question—who is a Muslim—is predominant in eighteenth-century literary and scholarly orientalist texts, the English oriental tale chief amongst them, but takes on new and dangerous meanings once it travels to the North-Indian colony, and later to Pakistan. A ...

91-92 Hersek Seferi 92-93 Osmanlı-Karadağ Seferi Ve Hâl-I Hâzır Dârü’L-Harekâtı (1875 Hersek Ve 1876 Karadağ Savaşları), Hazırlayan: Zafer Gölen

Social, Humanity and Administrative Sciences

This book is about the 1875-1876 Ottoman Empire-Montenegro war..

Güncel İnsan Ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları, Mehmet Sarioglan, M. Fatih Sansar, Damla Til Öğüt, Fatma Bilgilioğlu, Faruk Bozdağ, Haydar Hoşgör, Banu Akgün, Arzu Baykara Taşkaya, Irfan Yasar, Dilşad Tülgen Çetin

Social, Humanity and Administrative Sciences

Bu eserde insan ve toplum bilimlerinden yedi farklı bölüm ele alınmıştır. Bu bölümlerde Anne, baba ve çocuk olgusu ile aile olgusunun yanı sıra, cinsellik olgusunun toplumsal algı açısında değerlendirilmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca ötenazi konu yayınların alan yazındaki yönleri ile birlikte görsel iletişim aracı olarak manga olgusu incelenmiştir. Bu yaklaşımlara ek olarak Midilli Adası geleneksel sabun imalatı, yeni gelişen önemli bir turizm çeşidi olan gastronomi turizmi ve İslami finans disiplinleri alanında güncel yaklaşımlar geliştirilmiştir.

Furthering Cultural Understanding Through Music, Sophia Abukamail

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This project explores the role that music plays in fostering cultural understanding and equity by discussing the sociopolitical implications of musical collaboration between Palestinian and Israeli musicians. In order to do this, the paper will dive into the history of the conflict between Palestine and Israel, detail instances of musical collaboration between Palestinian and Israeli musicians, show how music is helping to bridge the divide between these two cultures, and examine the intentions and consequences of such collaborations as they relate to music, politics, and society. The purpose of this project is to investigate the ways that music can affect ...

Pan-Arabism: Origins And Outcomes Of Postcolonial Unions, Matthew J. Smith

History: Student Scholarship & Creative Work

This senior thesis examines Pan-Arab Nationalism in practice by analyzing the rise and fall of the United Arab Republic between Egypt and Syria and the Arab Federation between Jordan and Iraq. The study concludes that the downfall of the Pan-Arab experiments lies in the differing interpretations of the ideology and political and philosophical disconnects between political elites and the people they govern.