Social and Behavioral Sciences | Open Access Articles

Erythrocyte Biomarker-Based Validation Of A Diet History Method Used In A Dietary Intervention Trial, Craig S. Patch, Karen J Murphy, Jackie Mansour, Linda C. Tapsell, Barbara J. Meyer, Trevor A Mori, Manny Noakes, P Clifton, I Puddey, P Howe

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

Functional Foods And Ingredients: Opportunities For Health And Profit, Linda C. Tapsell

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The National Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods (NCEFF) is developing well with strategic research projects underway. This report outlines progress to date.

Go to article

Jitter And Size Effects On Vection Are Immune To Experimental Instructions And Demands, Stephen A. Palmisano, Amy Y. Chan

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Both coherent perspective jitter and explicit changing-size cues have been shown to improve the vection induced by radially expanding optic flow. The current study examined whether these stimulus-based vection advantages could be modified by altering cognitions/expectations about both the likelihood of self-motion perception and the purpose of the experiment. In the main experiment, participants were randomly assigned into two groups – one where the cognitive conditions biased participants towards self-motion perception and another where the cognitive conditions biased them towards object motion perception. Contrary to earlier findings by Lepecq et al (1995), we found that identical visual displays were less …

Go to article

Delivering The Right Tourist Service To The Right People - A Comparison Of Segmentation Approaches, Sara Dolnicar, Friedrich Leisch

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Market segmentation has developed to become a generally accepted and widely applied concept in strategic marketing. However, the gap between academic research aiming at increased sophistication of the methodology and managerial use has steadily increased. This paper takes the perspective of a destination manager and compares two segmentation approaches. One typically used in destination management (a priori geographical segmentation) and another one that is common in academic literature (a posteriori behavioural segmentation). The comparison emphasizes managerial usefulness (implying maximization of match between the tourists’ vacation needs and the destinations’ offer) and is illustrated with an empirical guest survey data set …

Go to article

Beyond "Commensense Segmentation" - A Systematics Of Segmentation Approaches In Tourism, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Market segmentation is an accepted tool in strategic marketing. It helps to understand and serve the needs of homogeneous consumer sub-populations. Two approaches are recognized: a priori and data-driven (a posteriori, Mazanec, 2000; post-hoc, Wedel & Kamakura, 1998) segmentation. In tourism there is a long history of a priori segmentation studies both in industry and academia. These lead to the identification of tourist groups derived from dividing the population according to prior knowledge (“commonsense segmentation”). However, due to the wide use of this approach, there is not much room for competitive advantage to be gained by using a priori segmentation. …

Go to article

Improved Understanding Of Tourists’ Needs – Cross-Classification For Validation Of Data-Driven Segments, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Data-driven segmentation has become standard practice in strategic marketing. Typically, however, respondents are grouped only once, implicitly assuming deterministic nature of the segmentation methods applied. Once the segments are derived, background variables are used to test the significance of the difference between clusters indicating external validity of the market segments. High external validity implies a high level of trustworthiness of the solution and thus managerially useful market segments to choose from. However, single runs of explorative analysis remain only a weak basis for good long-term managerial decisions. In this study a different approach is suggested to improve the quality of …

Go to article

Insights Into Sustainable Tourists In Austria: A Data-Based A Priori Segmentation Approach, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

An excellent market-driven way to successfully implement sustainable tourism in a destination is to find a segment of tourists or potential tourists interested in the unique natural beauty of the destination, willing to preserve it and who are also highly attractive in terms of high expenditures, long stays, high return rate, high recommendation rate etc. The first step in seeking these visitors is thorough investigation of sustainable market segments. So far, only a few studies have systematically searched for “eco-segments” or sustainable tourist groups and described them. This paper reviews the usefulness of such approaches, examines past studies investigating potential …

Go to article

Applying City Perception Analysis (Cpa) For Destination Positioning Decisions, Sara Dolnicar, K. Grabler

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Typically, the image of a destination is studied by questioning a sample of tourists about their perceptions using a list of attributes and then condensing the data into average values for each individual destination. The city perception analysis (CPA) presented in this article, which is based on the perceptions-based market segmentation concept (PBMS, Dolnicar, Grabler & Mazanec, 1999; Mazanec & Strasser, 2000; Buchta, Dolnicar, & Reutterer, 2000), approaches the positioning task from a completely different perspective. The fundamental assumption is that different consumers harbor different perceptions of various destinations in their minds. Therefore, averaging the perceptions and ignoring inter-individual differences …

Go to article

Profiling The One- And Two-Star Hotel Guest For Targeted Segmentation Action: A Descriptive Investigation Of Risk Perceptions, Expectations, Disappointments And Information Processing Tendencies, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Identifying the target segment is the basis of developing efficient market segmentation strategies and efficient market segmentation is vital in an industry that is becoming increasingly competitive, as in the case of international tourism. In Austria, hotels in higher star grading categories have addressed this need through systematic market research designed to identify the needs of their consumers. Not so the hotels in the one- and two-star category: these typically do not segment the market and tend to assume that increasing their star grading will lead to increased market demand instead of investigating the specific needs of tourists who very …

Go to article

Transport, Simon Ville

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This chapter describes the process of transport growth and development in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Britain, including its political, organisational and developmental impact. Transport systems (including communications) move people, goods and information. The large size and capital-intensive nature of transport operations caused unprecedented organisational challenges for companies. The identification of transport as a form of social overhead capital, supporting production across the economy, helps account for its broad-ranging impact on economic development. In this role transport contributed to the efficient allocation of resources over space, thereby promoting competition between producers, and providing information about alternative consumption possibilities to consumers.

Go to article

Integrating Communities Of Practice In Technology Development Projects, Karin Garrety, P L. Robertson, R. Badham

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Technology development projects usually benefit when knowledge and expertise are drawn from a variety of sources, including potential users. Orchestrating the involvement of people from disparate groups is a crucial task for project managers. It requires finding a balance between differentiation, when teams work in isolation, and integration, when groups come together to exchange knowledge. This article argues that a “community of practice” perspective can help project managers to achieve this balance, by drawing attention to the assumptions, interests, skills, and formal and tacit knowledge of the different groups involved. Successful integration can be achieved by ensuring that the developing …

Go to article

User-Centred Design And The Normative Politics Of Technology, Karin Garrety, R Badham

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

A long tradition of discourse and practice claims that technology designers need to take note of the characteristics and aspirations of potential users in design. Practitioners in the field of user-centred design (UCD) have developed methods to facilitate this process. These methods represent interesting vehicles for the pursuit of normative politics of technology. In this article, we use a case study of the introduction and use of UCD methods in Australia to explore the politics of getting the methods to work in practice. Drawing on the work of Bruno Latour and Marc Berg, we argue that UCD methods are tools …

Go to article

Hourly Wages Of Full-Time And Part-Time Employees In Australia, Joan R. Rodgers

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This study investigates some aspects of part-time and full-time employment in Australia. The main objective is to analyze whether part-time workers receive lower hourly wages than full-time workers who have similar levels of human capital and perform similar jobs. The study is based on unit-record data from Wave I of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey. The results indicate that unadjusted part-time wage penalties of 21 per cent for men and seven per cent for women can be explained by selection into full-time or part-time employment and controls for human capital and type of job. There …

Go to article

Why Customers Stay? Reasons And Consequences Of Inertia In Financial Services, Venkata K. Yanamandram, L. White

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This research investigates inertia in a financial services context, with particular focus on the reasons for consumers’ dissatisfaction and inert behaviour, and studies the customers’ complaining behaviours and past and future inertia. The study utilised a two part methodology, including both qualitative and quantitative research. Twenty indepth interviews provided the preliminary data required for developing a questionnaire which was subsequently completed by 410 respondents. Determinants of dissatisfaction included the number and size of account fees, whilst determinants of inertia were the perception of similarity between financial institutions and the complexity, costs and time inherent in switching. Factors differentiating future inertia …

Go to article

The Symptomatic Nature Of Past Destination Choice Among Surf Tourists, Sara Dolnicar, M. Fluker

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Surfing has developed to become a major industry, both within the leisure and the tourism sector. While surfers themselves can be viewed as a homogeneous segment characterised by their common interest for the sport, there clearly exists a wide variety of surfers with very different demographic characteristics, lifestyles or even motives for surfing. The aims of this paper are (1) to review past attempts to profile the surfer segment in general and to determine existence and describe the nature of surfer segments, and (2) to suggest a novel approach of segmenting the surfer market, by analysing the pattern of past …

Go to article

Improved Understanding Of Tourists’ Needs – Cross-Classification For Validation Of Data-Driven Segments, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Data-driven segmentation has become standard practice in strategic marketing. Typically, however, respondents are grouped only once, implicitly assuming deterministic nature of the segmentation methods applied. Once the segments are derived, background variables are used to test the significance of the difference between clusters indicating external validity of the market segments. High external validity implies a high level of trustworthiness of the solution and thus managerially useful market segments to choose from. However, single runs of explorative analysis remain only a weak basis for good long-term managerial decisions. In this study a different approach is suggested to improve the quality of …

Go to article

Strategic Marketing, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Marketing consists of a strategic - and an operational component. Strategic marketing forms the basis of operational marketing action. It signifies gathering information, analysing it, thinking and making directional decisions, whereas operational marketing (covering the classical four P’s - product or *service, *advertising, *pricing and distribution) means implementing these decisions. The importance of these two components is asymmetric. Weak strategic marketing cannot be compensated by excellent operational marketing, like a summit cannot be reached by running at extremely high speed, but in the wrong direction.

Go to article

Risk Perceptions, Expectations, Disappointments And Information Processing Tendencies Of One- And Two Star Hotel Guests – Is There A Market For Low Star Hotel Categories In Austria?, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Identifying the target segment is the basis of developing efficient market segmentation strategies and efficient market segmentation is vital in an industry that is becoming increasingly competitive, as in the case of international tourism. In Austria, hotels in higher star grading categories have addressed this need through systematic market research designed to identify the needs of their consumers. Not so the hotels in the one- and two-star category: these typically do not segment the market and tend to assume that increasing their star grading will lead to increased market demand instead of investigating the specific needs of tourists who very …

Go to article

A Comparison Of The Weighted Average Cost Of Capital For Multinational Corporations: The Case Of The Automobile Industry Versus The Soft Drink Industry, C. B. Mcgowan, A. Tessema, H. W. Collier

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

The object of this paper is to determine to what extent the cost of capital differs across comparisons in different countries. In this paper, wecompare and contract the cost of capital for five countries in the soft drink industry and seven companies in the automobile industry. We find that the weighted average cost of capital for the four largest companies in the soft drink industry are similar and the weighted cost of capital for seven companies in the automobile industry are less similar. Since the companies in this study are all large, multinational companies in a single industry, numerous confounding …

Go to article

Human Capital Reporting In A Developing Nation, Indra Abeysekera, J. Guthrie

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

In recent years, a trend in management has been the introduction of human capital (HC) management and accounting. As a result of this trend, there has been a demand from external stakeholders for a different sort of information, and many firms have, in an attempt to meet this demand, become more involved in the creation, measurement and reporting of information other than ‘financial’ data. Using the method of content analysis, this paper reports on human capital reporting (HCR) practices taken from a sample of firms in Sri Lanka, a developing nation. The paper aims first to examine the disclosure patterns …

Go to article

How Is Intellectual Capital Being Reported In A Developing Nation?, Indra Abeysekera, J. Guthrie

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

To ascertain the status of intellectual capital reporting in a developing nation, this study examined annual reports of the top 30 companies in Sri Lanka. These were analysed using content analysis, and data were recorded in a theoretically backed coding framework with 45 intellectual capital items that were categorized into internal, external and human capital. The findings indicated that the most reported was external capital by frequency and human capital by line count. Only a small proportion of intellectual capital items reported were quantified.

Go to article

Accounting For Housing Costs In Regional Income Comparisons, Peter M. Siminski, P. Saunders

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This paper discusses a series of methodological issues that arise when assessing regional differences in the propensity of households to be relatively poor, focusing specifically on whether it is better to base such comparisons on measures of income that are defined before or after deducting housing costs. It is argued on conceptual grounds relating to the factors that give rise to regional differences in housing costs, that an after-housing costs measure of income is preferable for some, but not all, regional analyses. It is also demonstrated that differences in housing costs are not always offset by differences in transport costs …

Go to article

The Role Of Emotional Assets And Liabilities In A Firm, Indra Abeysekera

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

There is an absence of research addressing the process by which emotional (also called sensational) assets and liabilities interact with the intellectual and accounting assets and liabilities of a firm. This conceptual paper discusses the relationship between these types of assets and liabilities, and examines the way in which emotional assets and liabilities (emotional capital) influence the fair value, profits and cash flow of a firm. It outlines how the core emotions related to products and services can influence customers in making purchasing decisions that maximise the value of a firm. It also offers indicators for the managing and reporting …

Go to article

Rhetorics Of Division: Miners' Narrative Sense Of 'Self' And 'Other' During Performance Appraisal At An Underground Coalmine, James Reveley, Peter Mclean

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Underground coal mining has long been perceived - both by the public and the people who do the work - as a unique occupation. Since Orwell's day, mining has been reshaped by the introduction of mechanised coal extraction and the ongoing incorporation of this occupation into large organisations within multinational corporations. To date, neither development has alleviated the perennial personnel problem in the mines - how to control the activities of people who work underground, far from the gaze of managers.

Go to article

Internet Retailing: Back To The Future, Julie E. Francis, Lesley White

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This is an exciting era where academics are well positioned to cut through the hype and get down to the business of establishing Internet retailing as a distinct, credible and productive domain. Arguably, a critical step in advancing involves pausing to reflect on the emergence of other domains and capitalising on the power of hindsight to pre-emptively address undesirable patterns that risk being repeated. Towards this end, the conditions under which services marketing emerged as a domain in its own right are considered relative to the current state of Internet retailing. This highlights that just as services were once considered …

Go to article

A Web-Based Virtual Factory And Simulator For Industrial Statistics, Xuesong Chi, Matthew P. Pepper, Trevor A. Spedding

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

An educational web-based virtual factory and simulator environment is presented in this paper. It has been developed for university students to apply various statistical quality control techniques to explore the quality problems. The architecture of the simulator and methodologies for developing the website are discussed. Major benefits for both the students and lecturers are demonstrated.

Go to article

Some International Benchmarks For Evaluating Australian Health And Medical Research, Samuel Garrett-Jones, Brian Wixted, Tim Turpin

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Recent experience in Australia has seen the requirement by the federal Department of Finance and Administration to conduct output pricing reviews of government agencies including research organisations. Health and medical research, while generally regarded as an important ‘public good’, is now pressed by the same demands as other research fields to account for public investments in terms of value of outcomes and value for investment. This paper reports on current trends towards international benchmarking of health and medical research performance. Comparative data from overseas show unique aspects of the Australian health and medical research funding system. The paper suggests possible …

Go to article

Scientists, Career Choices And Organisational Change: Managing Human Resources In Cross Sector R&D Organisations, Tim Turpin, Samuel Garrett-Jones, Kieren Diment

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

The resource based view (RBV) of the firm has drawn attention to the role of human resources in building innovative capacity within firms. In ‘high technology’ firms scientific capability is a critical factor in achieving international competitiveness. Science, however, is a costly business and many firms are entering into cross sector R&D partnerships in order to gain access to leading edge scientific capability. The Australian Cooperative Research Centres (CRC) program is typical of the ways many governments are seeking to promote such cross-sector R&D collaboration. Scientists are key resources in these organisational arrangements. However, there is only fragmentary information available …

Go to article

Corporate And State Mining Legitimated: Transferring Future Economic Benefits Or Passing The Buck?, Mary A. Kaidonis, Natalie P. Stoianoff

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

The responsibility for pollution resulting from mining, according to the OECD's Polluter Pays Principle (PPP) rests with the owners of the mining entity. This principle relies on a number of legislative instruments and often a mix of command and control mechanisms are advocated.

Go to article

A Rationale For The Application Of The Gift-Exchange Paradigm To Volunteerism By A Nonprofit Organisation In A Melanesian Culture, Murray Millar, Anne Abraham

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

A number of Australian non-profit organisations (NPOs) operate in both Australia and in developing countries and rely upon local volunteers in each situation. It is important for these organisations to know how volunteerism by local people in developing countries compares to volunteerism within Australia so that valid assumptions underlie the work in different cultural contexts. While a considerable amount of research has been done on formal volunteering within Australia, to date there have been no comparable studies conducted on formal volunteering in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Formal volunteering is a relatively new concept for PNG people even though informal volunteering …

Go to article

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Erythrocyte Biomarker-Based Validation Of A Diet History Method Used In A Dietary Intervention Trial, Craig S. Patch, Karen J Murphy, Jackie Mansour, Linda C. Tapsell, Barbara J. Meyer, Trevor A Mori, Manny Noakes, P Clifton, I Puddey, P Howe

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Functional Foods And Ingredients: Opportunities For Health And Profit, Linda C. Tapsell

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Jitter And Size Effects On Vection Are Immune To Experimental Instructions And Demands, Stephen A. Palmisano, Amy Y. Chan

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Delivering The Right Tourist Service To The Right People - A Comparison Of Segmentation Approaches, Sara Dolnicar, Friedrich Leisch

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Beyond "Commensense Segmentation" - A Systematics Of Segmentation Approaches In Tourism, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Improved Understanding Of Tourists’ Needs – Cross-Classification For Validation Of Data-Driven Segments, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Insights Into Sustainable Tourists In Austria: A Data-Based A Priori Segmentation Approach, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Applying City Perception Analysis (Cpa) For Destination Positioning Decisions, Sara Dolnicar, K. Grabler

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Profiling The One- And Two-Star Hotel Guest For Targeted Segmentation Action: A Descriptive Investigation Of Risk Perceptions, Expectations, Disappointments And Information Processing Tendencies, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Transport, Simon Ville

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Integrating Communities Of Practice In Technology Development Projects, Karin Garrety, P L. Robertson, R. Badham

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

User-Centred Design And The Normative Politics Of Technology, Karin Garrety, R Badham

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Hourly Wages Of Full-Time And Part-Time Employees In Australia, Joan R. Rodgers

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Why Customers Stay? Reasons And Consequences Of Inertia In Financial Services, Venkata K. Yanamandram, L. White

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

The Symptomatic Nature Of Past Destination Choice Among Surf Tourists, Sara Dolnicar, M. Fluker

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Improved Understanding Of Tourists’ Needs – Cross-Classification For Validation Of Data-Driven Segments, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Strategic Marketing, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Risk Perceptions, Expectations, Disappointments And Information Processing Tendencies Of One- And Two Star Hotel Guests – Is There A Market For Low Star Hotel Categories In Austria?, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

A Comparison Of The Weighted Average Cost Of Capital For Multinational Corporations: The Case Of The Automobile Industry Versus The Soft Drink Industry, C. B. Mcgowan, A. Tessema, H. W. Collier

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Human Capital Reporting In A Developing Nation, Indra Abeysekera, J. Guthrie

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

How Is Intellectual Capital Being Reported In A Developing Nation?, Indra Abeysekera, J. Guthrie

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Accounting For Housing Costs In Regional Income Comparisons, Peter M. Siminski, P. Saunders

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

The Role Of Emotional Assets And Liabilities In A Firm, Indra Abeysekera

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Rhetorics Of Division: Miners' Narrative Sense Of 'Self' And 'Other' During Performance Appraisal At An Underground Coalmine, James Reveley, Peter Mclean

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Internet Retailing: Back To The Future, Julie E. Francis, Lesley White

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

A Web-Based Virtual Factory And Simulator For Industrial Statistics, Xuesong Chi, Matthew P. Pepper, Trevor A. Spedding

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Some International Benchmarks For Evaluating Australian Health And Medical Research, Samuel Garrett-Jones, Brian Wixted, Tim Turpin

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Scientists, Career Choices And Organisational Change: Managing Human Resources In Cross Sector R&D Organisations, Tim Turpin, Samuel Garrett-Jones, Kieren Diment

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Corporate And State Mining Legitimated: Transferring Future Economic Benefits Or Passing The Buck?, Mary A. Kaidonis, Natalie P. Stoianoff

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

A Rationale For The Application Of The Gift-Exchange Paradigm To Volunteerism By A Nonprofit Organisation In A Melanesian Culture, Murray Millar, Anne Abraham

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)