The Economic Impact Of The Harrison Power Station On Harrison County And West Virginia,
2018
West Virginia University
The Economic Impact Of The Harrison Power Station On Harrison County And West Virginia, Eric Bowen, Christiadi
Bureau of Business & Economic Research
No abstract provided.
What Factors Drive Individual Misperceptions Of The Returns To Schooling In Tanzania? Some Lessons For Education Policy,
2018
Harvard Institute for Quantitative Social Science
What Factors Drive Individual Misperceptions Of The Returns To Schooling In Tanzania? Some Lessons For Education Policy, Plamen Nikolov, Nursat Jimi
Economics Faculty Scholarship
Evidence on educational returns and the factors that determine the demand for schooling in developing countries is extremely scarce. Building on previous studies that show individuals underestimating the returns to schooling, we use two surveys from Tanzania to estimate both the actual and perceived schooling returns and subsequently examine what factors drive individual misperceptions regarding actual returns. Using ordinary least squares and instrumental variable methods, we find that each additional year of schooling in Tanzania increases earnings, on average, by 9 to 11 percent. We find that on average individuals underestimate returns to schooling by 74 to 79 percent and …
Income Distribution, Fertility Behavior And Demographic Transition In Egypt,
2018
The British University in Egypt
Income Distribution, Fertility Behavior And Demographic Transition In Egypt, Sarah El-Khishin
Economics
Abstract - Demographic-economic interrelationships have been broadly examined in the literature from a macro perspective using mostly cross-country panel regressions. A limited strand of literature has emphasized the need to examine the demographic-economic dynamics in a reversed way; inspect dual-causality relation between demographic and economic factors. In this paper, I examine the effect of changes in income distribution and fertility behavior on the speed of demographic transition. I moreover examine the reverse relation by testing effect of changed household structure on income distribution and income disparities in Egypt. Empirical results show that wealth redistribution in Egypt and moving up to …
Preference Conformism: An Experiment,
2018
University of East Anglia
Preference Conformism: An Experiment, Enrique Fatas, Shaun P. Hargreaves Heap, David Rojo Arjona
Economics Faculty Articles and Research
This paper reports on an experiment designed to test whether people’s preferences change to become more alike. Such preference conformism would be worrying for an economics that takes individual preferences as given (‘de gustibus es non disputandum’). So the test is important. But it is also difficult. People can behave alike for many reasons and the key to the design of our test, therefore, is the control of the other possible reasons for observing apparent peer effects. We find evidence of preference conformism in the aggregate and at the individual level (where there is heterogeneity). It appears also to be …
Goal Setting In The Principal-Agent Model: Weak Incentives For Strong Performance,
2018
Chapman University
Goal Setting In The Principal-Agent Model: Weak Incentives For Strong Performance, Brice Corgnet, Joaquín Gómez-Miñambres, Roberto Hernán-González
ESI Publications
We study a principal–agent framework in which principals can assign wage-irrelevant goals to agents. We find evidence that, when given the possibility to set wage-irrelevant goals, principals select incentive contracts for which pay is less responsive to agents' performance. Agents' performance is higher in the presence of goal setting despite weaker incentives. We develop a principal–agent model with reference-dependent utility that illustrates how labor contracts combining weak monetary incentives and wage-irrelevant goals can be optimal. The pervasive use of non-monetary incentives in the workplace may help account for previous empirical findings suggesting that firms rely on unexpectedly weak monetary incentives.
Mutual Economic Incentives For Urban Tree Canopy Restoration,
2018
University of Louisville
Mutual Economic Incentives For Urban Tree Canopy Restoration, Paul E. Thompson Jr.
Undergraduate Economic Review
Potential alignment of economic incentives for tree canopy restoration are modeled using data from a 2015 Louisville Metro Government (KY) Urban Tree Canopy Assessment. The study revealed marked declines in urban canopy coverage from 2004-2012; accelerating losses are forecast through 2050. Tree coverage conveys substantial financial benefit to private property owners, primarily through increased property valuations. Benefits to local government may be derived from the corresponding increase in property tax assessments. A comprehensive cost-benefit analysis demonstrates the economic efficiency of tree purchase vouchers (issued by government to private property owners) as a potential contributing solution to urban canopy loss.
A Theory Of Focal Points In 2x2 Games,
2018
National Science Foundation
A Theory Of Focal Points In 2x2 Games, Jonathan W. Leland, Mark Schneider
ESI Publications
Since the classic work of Schelling, the notion of a focal point has been widely applied to explain coordinated behavior. However, focal points remain largely outside the formal apparatus of game theory. This paper develops a model of play in 2 × 2 games where payoff differences determine what strategy players will perceive as “salient” and choose to play. The model uniquely predicts which outcome will emerge for virtually the entire class of 2 × 2 normal form games. For the subset of such games involving coordination and asymmetric payoffs, payoff differences identify focal outcomes and strategies in the same …
Clarity Trumps Content: An Experiment On Information Acquisition In Beauty Contests,
2018
University of Alberta
Clarity Trumps Content: An Experiment On Information Acquisition In Beauty Contests, Sanjay Banerjee, Hong Qu, Ran Zhao
Accounting Faculty Articles and Research
We provide experimental evidence that under strong beauty contest incentives, players ignore signals from an information source with high content if the source has low clarity. Instead, they acquire equally costly signals from a source with higher clarity despite its lower content. Content measures how precisely an information source identifies an economic situation, whereas clarity measures how precisely the source content is commonly interpreted. Low clarity impairs players' ability to coordinate. When signals are provided exogenously, our experimental results are less severe than theoretical predictions, but consistent with level-2 reasoning in a cognitive behavioral model. When players acquire signals endogenously, …
Sex Differences In Political Leadership In An Egalitarian Society,
2018
University of Richmond
Sex Differences In Political Leadership In An Egalitarian Society, Christopher Von Rueden, Sarah Alami, Hillard Kaplan, Michael Gurven
ESI Publications
We test the contribution of sex differences in physical formidability, education, and cooperation to the acquisition of political leadership in a small-scale society. Among forager-farmers from the Bolivian Amazon, we find that men are more likely to exercise different forms of political leadership, including verbal influence during community meetings, coordination of community projects, and dispute resolution. We show that these differences in leadership are not due to gender per se but are associated with men’s greater number of cooperation partners, greater access to schooling, and greater body size and physical strength. Men’s advantage in cooperation partner number is tied to …
Monetary Policy Implications Of Cash, Other Money Supplies, And Cryptocurrencies In Singapore: A Growing Cashless Society.,
2018
University of Lynchburg
Monetary Policy Implications Of Cash, Other Money Supplies, And Cryptocurrencies In Singapore: A Growing Cashless Society., Sarah Kesler
Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects
The country of Singapore has been a growing cashless society for years. Analyzing their money supplies relative to their gross domestic product and their consumer price index can give insight into how the central bank of Singapore are able to maintain control over their monetary policy. Using data from 1974 to the present, I tested the effect of physical cash and other money supplies on the economic and inflationary growth of this country. With this in mind, I expected to see a positive correlation between these money supplies, GDP, and inflation. However, what I found in my regression analysis was …
Your Money Or Your Time? Experimental Evidence On Overbidding In All-Pay Auctions,
2018
Chapman University
Your Money Or Your Time? Experimental Evidence On Overbidding In All-Pay Auctions, Adriana Breaban, Charles N. Noussair, Andreea Victoria Popescu
ESI Working Papers
Competition for a prize frequently takes the form of dedicating time toward winning a contest. Those who spend the most time become more likely to obtain the prize. We model this competition as an all-pay auction under incomplete information, and report an experiment in which expenditures and rewards are in terms of time. In the experiment, subjects must stay in the laboratory doing nothing for an initially prespecified length of time. However, they can bid, in terms of time, to leave early. The auction has an allpay structure so that if an individual does not submit the highest bid within …
Entrepreneurship Education Empowers Youth To Change Their Lives,
2018
Foundation for Economic Education
Entrepreneurship Education Empowers Youth To Change Their Lives, Marianna Brashear, Jason Riddle
National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Conference
The Foundation for Economic Education (FEE) aims at equipping Title 1 schools with free, hands-on, engaging materials that any teacher can facilitate either individually or in a classroom setting with no background in entrepreneurship necessary. These versatile lessons, courses, and workshops teach the entrepreneurial mindset optimizing opportunities for grades 8-12 students no matter which life/career path they choose.
2018 Updated Tables And Figures For Ec 845 Nebraska Cash Soybean Prices And Basis Patterns,
2018
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
2018 Updated Tables And Figures For Ec 845 Nebraska Cash Soybean Prices And Basis Patterns, Jessica J. Groskopf, Cory Walters
Extension Farm and Ranch Management News
No abstract provided.
Experimental Evidence On The Cyclicality Of Investment,
2018
Ohio University
Experimental Evidence On The Cyclicality Of Investment, Cortney S. Rodet, Andrew Smyth
ESI Working Papers
We report laboratory experiments investigating the cyclicality of investment. In our setting, optimal investment is counter-cyclical because investment costs fall following market downturns. However, we do not observe counter-cyclical investment. Instead, heuristic investment models where firms invest a fixed percentage of their liquidity, or a fixed percentage of anticipated market demand, better fit our data on average than does optimal investment. We also report a control treatment without cost changes and a treatment with asymmetric investment liquidity. Both of these extensions support our main result.
Indefinitely Repeated Contests: An Experimental Study,
2018
Harvard University
Indefinitely Repeated Contests: An Experimental Study, Philip Brookins, Dmitry Ryvkin, Andrew Smyth
ESI Working Papers
We experimentally explore indefinitely repeated contests. Theory predicts more cooperation, in the form of lower expenditures, in indefinitely repeated contests with a longer expected time horizon, yet our data do not support this prediction. Theory also predicts more cooperation in indefinitely repeated contests compared to finitely repeated contests of the same expected length, but we find no significant difference empirically. When controlling for risk and gender, we actually find significantly higher long-run expenditure in some indefinite contests relative to finite contests. Finally, theory predicts no difference in cooperation across indefinitely repeated winner-take-all and proportional-prize contests. We find significantly less cooperation …
2018 Updated Tables And Figures For Ec 846 Nebraska Cash Corn Prices And Basis Patterns,
2018
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
2018 Updated Tables And Figures For Ec 846 Nebraska Cash Corn Prices And Basis Patterns, Jessica J. Groskopf, Cory Walters
Extension Farm and Ranch Management News
No abstract provided.
Low Perceived Control Over Health Is Associated With Lower Treatment Uptake In A High Mortality Population Of Bolivian Forager-Farmers,
2018
University of California, Santa Barbara
Low Perceived Control Over Health Is Associated With Lower Treatment Uptake In A High Mortality Population Of Bolivian Forager-Farmers, Sarah Alami, Jonathan Stieglitz, Hillard Kaplan, Michael Gurven
ESI Publications
Indigenous people worldwide suffer from higher rates of morbidity and mortality than neighboring populations. In addition to having limited access to public health infrastructure, indigenous people may also have priorities and health perceptions that deter them from seeking adequate modern healthcare. Here we propose that living in a harsh and unpredictable environment reduces motivation to pursue deliberate, costly action to improve health outcomes. We assess whether variation in Health Locus of Control (HLC), a psychological construct designed to capture self-efficacy with respect to health, explains variation in treatment uptake behavior among Tsimane Amerindians (N=690; age range: 40–89 years; 55.8% female; …
Testing The Boundaries Of The Double Auction: The Effects Of Complete Information And Market Power,
2018
Chapman University
Testing The Boundaries Of The Double Auction: The Effects Of Complete Information And Market Power, Erik O. Kimbrough
Economics Faculty Articles and Research
We report boundary experiments testing the robustness of price convergence in double auction markets for non-durable goods in which there is extreme earnings inequality at the competitive equilibrium (CE). Following up on a conjecture by Smith (1976a), we test whether the well-known equilibrating power of the double auction institution is robust to the presence of complete information about traders’ values and costs and the presence of symmetric market power. We find that complete information is insufficient to impede convergence to CE prices; however, introducing market power consistently causes prices to deviate from the CE, whether or not subjects possess complete …
The Tug-Of-War In The Laboratory,
2018
Chapman University
The Tug-Of-War In The Laboratory, Cary Deck, Roman Sheremeta
ESI Working Papers
The tug-of-war is a multi-battle contest often used to describe extended interactions in economics, operations management, political science, and other disciplines. While there has been some theoretical work, to the best of our knowledge, this paper provides the first experimental study of the tug-of-war. The results show notable deviations of behavior from theory derived under standard assumptions. In the first battle of the tug-of-war, subjects often bid less, while in the follow-up battles, they bid more than predicted. Also, contrary to the prediction, bids tend to increase in the duration of the tug-of-war. Finally, extending the margin necessary to win …
The Economic Impact Of Medicaid On West Virginia's Economy,
2018
West Virginia University
The Economic Impact Of Medicaid On West Virginia's Economy, Christiadi, John Deskins
Bureau of Business & Economic Research
No abstract provided.
