International Economics Commons^™

A Multilevel Analysis Of Political Risk, Marlon J. Guzman Valdera

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This essay aims to diminish the conceptual fragmentation that exists, in relation to political risk, by introducing a multilevel approach to assess risk. While traditional approaches understand political risk to be a result of the political action of host-states against multinationals, this essay shows that there are other actors, like the host-nation civil society and the international community, that also play a role in the production of political risk. Although traditional approaches assert that political risk can solely target multinationals individually, this paper states that risk can affect a firm at an industrial and country level. I claim that political …

Decision Making In International Supply Chain Investment, Noah Quint Curtin

Undergraduate Theses, Capstones, and Recitals

In this paper, supply chain decision-makers where and how to internationally invest into supply chains. I focus on outside institutional factors, and intra-firm behavioral factors that affect where and how they invest. I first review the literature on international investment at large. Later for my part of the research, I conduct a series of semi-structured interviews with international supply chain decision-maker primarily in Denver to better understand their processes. I find that they value business models higher than “hunches”, but also that tacit knowledge and relationships play an important role in their processes.

Analisis Fenomena Heterogenous Dampak Perubahan Nilai Tukar Terhadap Inflasi Di Asean-5, Ashadi Asral Rawang, Mahjus Ekananda

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Asian’s financial crisis in 1997/1998 is a crisis that caused by exchange rate change which is contagious from one to another country. By having an active regional financial cooperation, this crisis can be prevented better. In the context of regional coordination, it is important to know the impact of exchange rate on inflation, whether it has a homogenous or heterogenous impact across ASEAN countries. By forming data panel of ASEAN-5, using broadmoney, trade openness and trading partner inflation rate as control variable with FGLS Estimator, it is known that the impact of exchange rate on Inflation in ASEAN-5 is heterogeneous.

Would An India-Us Trade Agreement Be Beneficial For India?, Neetu Kaushik, Niloufer Sohrabji

International Review of Business and Economics

This paper examines the potential impact of an India-U.S. FTA on India’s trade. We use two approaches to estimate trade effects, compound annual growth analysis and Gravity model estimation. Our sample spans the period from 1992 to 2019 and consists of seven bilateral trade agreements and three multilateral trade agreements which include 24 countries as our treatment group. In both cases we compare the impact on India’s trade following a trade agreement with a control group which we create by including those countries whose trade share exceeds one percent of India’s total trade (in 2019). Our CAGR analysis shows that …

Corporate Characteristics And Implementation Of Integrated Reporting Framework Of Listed Oil And Gas Firms In Nigeria, Muyiwa E. Alade, Olubunmi M. Odugbemi

International Review of Business and Economics

The demand for better corporate information by various stakeholders across the globe has necessitated a paradigm shift from the traditional financial reporting to more comprehensive financial and non-financial information in a single report, known as integrated reporting. The aim of this study is to empirically investigate the effect of corporate characteristics (firm size, board size, share ownership structure and profitability) on the implementation of integrated reporting framework in listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. A census sampling technique was adopted, using the total population of eleven (11) oil and gas firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as of …

Impacts Of Profamilia Program Spread On Contraceptive Use And Fertility Rates In Colombia During Its Introduction, Katherine C. Specht

Honors Theses

I examine the effect of the Profamilia program during its beginning years over the 1960s and 1970s as it spread across Colombia. I find that Profamilia effectively delays first birth, intercourse, and age at marriage, and reduces the probability of having had a teen birth. These outcomes were also linked to increased literacy rates, improved educational attainment, and an increase in employment. Birth spacing and contraceptive use increased. These findings support current research that improving access to family planning services is an effective method for decreasing women’s fertility and improving educational and employment opportunities for women. The implication that having …

Trade In Value Added In Gross Exports: A Better Metric For Understanding Texas-Mexico Trade Flows, Noé Arón Fuentes, Alejandro Brugués, Gabriel González-König, Melissa Floca

Mission Foods Texas-Mexico Center Research

The purpose of this research is to calculate the value-added trade between Texas and Mexico. We argue that a better metric to understand trade flow should be based on value added. U.S. trade deficit with Mexico only reflects gross trade and does not accurately portray the complexities of commercial flows between the two countries. Given that Mexico is Texas' most important trading partner, the transformation of gross trade into value-added trade flows will provide a clearer understanding of this important relationship.

Effect Of Health Aid On Life Expectancy In Sub-Saharan Africa, Sakiru Oladele Akinbode Dr., Isiaq O. Oseni

Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies

No abstract provided.

Annual Report 2021 – 22: China Study Centre Iba Karachi, China Study Centre, Institute Of Business Administration

China Study Centre - Research and Reports

Pakistan has a longstanding relationship with the People’s Republic of China, as Pakistan was the first country to recognize it. Over time, the strategic and economic relationship between both the countries have been strengthening through various joint projects, with China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) being an exemplary project. CPEC is China’s 15-years old, $62 billion investment in Pakistan. Moreover, the flagship project of its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) took a five-decade-long strategic alliance between the two countries to the economic sphere in 2015. CPEC is best seen as an economic peg in terms of broader strategic relationships between both countries. …

Mmt And Policy Assignment In An Open Economy Context: Simplicity Is Useful, Oversimpliflication Not So Much, Arslan Razmi

Economics Department Working Paper Series

Modern Monetary Theory (MMT) has recently received significant attention in academic and policy circles. Critics question the sustainability of MMT-prescribed approaches to fiscal and monetary policy, especially over extended periods of time, in the presence of international financial markets, and for developing country governments that borrow in foreign currency. I formalize some of these arguments using a dynamic, open economy, Tobin-Markowitz portfolio balance environment that takes into account: (1) the role of expectations in the foreign exchange market and the feedback mechanisms between these and the exchange rate and inflation, and (2) interactions between the current account, debt accumulation, and …

Reinventing Opportunities For Argentina: Vista Oil And Gas, Emiliano Cabrera

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

In the last century, Argentina faced an astonishing economic downturn that remains until today, frustrating all who learn its economic history, explore the country's potential, and stay in tune with its political-economic present. This research examines Argentina's economic history, revises the main drivers that signed its economic drama, and proposes guidelines to address new opportunities by encouraging its private sector. By using Vista Oil and Gas as an exemplary case, this work proposes Vista's business model as an initiative perfectly compatible with the primary macroeconomic needs that Argentina currently has that should be highly considered for developing its private sector. …

New Institutional Economics: Political Institutions And Divergent Development In Costa Rica And Honduras, Maynor Alberto Loaisiga Bojorge

Honors Projects

For most of their histories, Costa Rica and Honduras were primarily agricultural societies with little economic diversification. However, around 1990, after the implementation of Washington Consensus reforms, the economies of both nations began to diverge. Costa Rica’s economy rapidly expanded for the following 30 years, while Honduras remained stagnant. Through a New Institutional Economics approach, I argue that institutional differences between Costa Rica and Honduras are responsible for the impressive economic growth Costa Rica has been able to achieve in the past few decades. Specifically, early political developments in Costa Rica have deeply imbedded relatively egalitarian values into the population, …

Us Financial Expansions And Exchange Rate Determination, Matthew Brill

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this thesis is to explore how US financial activity influences the exchange rates of foreign nations. Starting off by building on Currency Hierarchy and Minskyan dynamics, I look at how financial cycles generated in the US, the key economy, transmit liquidity towards economies on the periphery. Additionally, I use the increase in shadow banking asset accumulation relative to commercial banking asset accumulation as indicative of financial expansions in the US, and the driving force of financial cycles. Using vector autoregression (VAR) analysis I test the relationships between the ratio of US shadow banking assets relative to commercial …

Economic Integration Agreements And Export Survival In Ghana, Kwabena Nkansah, Paul Owusu Takyi, Daniel Sakyi, Frank Adusah-Poku

Journal of African Trade

Abstract This study examines the effect of regional integration—specifically, that of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) as an economic integration agreement—on the survival rate of Ghana’s exports. It employs a discrete-time complementary log–log hazard model with a random effects estimation technique and Kaplan–Meier estimates of the survival function, using data spanning from 1996–2018. The findings from the study indicate that ECOWAS has a significantly negative impact on the hazard rate of Ghana’s exports, implying that ECOWAS as an economic integration agreement increases the survival rate of Ghana’s exports for both aggregate exports and commodity-specific ones. Additionally, the …

“The Real Cost Of Mining: How Digging For Rare Earth Metals Could Pose A Greater Cost Than Evs Can Save”, Brahim Khalil Yatim

Honors Theses and Capstones

The Paris Climate Agreement proposes to have 20% of all road transport vehicles be electric by the year 2030. Implementation of this policy is critical to help obtain a 2 degrees Celsius reduction in the increase of global temperatures by 2030. This paper dives into the true costs of taking on a project that large scale. This study finds that though the benefits of this project would result in a 351,785,600 tons of GHG saved by the electric conversion there are significant environmental and human costs associated with the mining necessary to complete the agreement's goal. With current technologies and …

Disembedded Liberalism: The Global Pressure On Democracy, Hallie Spear

CMC Senior Theses

The international political order is at a crossroads with divergent paths. Liberal democracy is once again threatened on the international stage. What's more troubling is that the most stable and influential democracies, the United States, those in Europe and India, seem to be vulnerable to the autocratic wave sweeping through the world. This thesis completes a critical analysis to understand the root causes of the recent disruption to democracy the world has observed. Focusing on three established, diverse, and populous democracies, this thesis investigates the economic conditions at play that made each nation vulnerable to populism. Neoliberal economic policies implemented …

Integrating Carbon Pricing Approaches, Amay Shah

CMC Senior Theses

Concerns about global climate change and its effects have been steadily growing around the world in recent years. The Paris Agreement has laid out ambitious targets for countries to cut their emissions in order to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees and to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. Carbon pricing mechanisms are an inventive instrument that can help achieve these emissions reductions by placing a price on greenhouse gas emissions, creating incentives for organizations to reduce their emissions. These mechanisms can also help enable the transfers from wealthy nations to developing nations that will be essential for ensuring a …

Buenvivir - The Politics Of Living Well, Jeremy Caldeira

WWU Honors College Senior Projects

Buenvivir is a development ideology that arose from Indigenous ideas of protecting nature, generating autonomy, and generally living well. This ideology rose to the forefront of South American politics through its placement into the constitutions of Ecuador and Bolivia, as well as through dynamic policies such as the Yasuní-ITT Initiative. Ultimately, the efficacy of buenvivir in both countries was mixed. This paper explores the reasons for this, while also evaluating Ecuador and Bolivia’s implementation of buenvivir using political analysis tools and frameworks. It also briefly considers future paths for success, such as the Pachamama Foundation’s Sacred Headwaters Plan, and holes …

Carbon Emissions, Abatement, And Natural Disasters: Politics And Social Institutions, Ritika Khurana

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

This dissertation empirically examines three issues related to renewable energy and international development: 1) The Political Economy of Solar Initiatives in the Sunshine State; 2) Climate Change, Natural disasters, and Institutional Integrity; and 3) Institutional Integrity and Carbon emissions.

In Chapter 2, I empirically examine the outcomes of two solar energy amendments that were on the ballot in Florida in 2016. One amendment exempts solar energy devices from ad valorem taxation of real estate property, effectively decreasing the cost of solar energy for those who adopt solar photovoltaic panels. The other amendment reaffirms the right of property owners to install …

An Anatomy Of Nepal's Remarkable Export Decline, Rishi Sharma

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

This paper documents and breaks down a remarkable decline in Nepal's exports over the 2000-2019 period. This decline is due to a collapse in the country's top export products and is largely uniform across destinations and products. Furthermore, it is not on account of the poor global performance of the sectors Nepal was specialized in but is something more specific to Nepal. Industry-level statistics show that gross output increased in major exporting industries while value-added grew slower or declined. The increase in gross output together with the decline in exports implies a movement towards producing for domestic consumption using more …