Nuclear Commons^™

Information Behaviors Of Nuclear Scientists At Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Youngchoon Chun, Jiho Yi, Jung-Ran Park, Sangki Choi

Journal of East Asian Libraries

The goal of the study was to analyze the information use behaviors of researchers in the science and technology domain. A survey and interviews were conducted targeting nuclear scientists at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. Study results indicate that the nuclear scientists mainly use the Institute library/information center and Internet portal/search engines during information acquisition. Easy access to information, accuracy, currency and cost are the most critical factors in selecting and obtaining information. The most frequently used database for executing research is the Institute’s electronic library (NUCLIS21) followed by the Citation Index SCOPUS. The results of the study indicate …

Low Intensity Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy Of The Lake Labyrinth Meteorite, Tristan C. Paul

Physics

A 23.7g fragment of the Lake Labyrinth Meteorite (fell in 1924, collected in 1934 at Lake Labyrinth in South Australia, Australia) was re-investigated for evidence of the presence of 98Tc using a two dimensional low-intensity gamma-ray spectrometer. A new calibration technique using 26Al sources found the gamma-rays previously thought to be due to 98Tc are more likely from 166Ho. The presence of 166Ho is most likely due to activation of the stable 165Ho in the meteorite from terrestrial background sources where it was stored.

Effect Of Helium Ions Energy On Molybdenum Surfaces Under Extreme Conditions, Joseph Fiala, Jitendra K. Tripathi, Sean Gonderman, Ahmed Hassanein

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Plasma facing components (PFCs) in fusion devices must be able to withstand high temperatures and erosion due to incident energetic ion radiations. Tungsten has become the material of choice for PFCs due to its high strength, thermal conductivity, and low erosion rate. However, its surface deteriorates significantly under helium ion irradiation in fusion-like conditions and forms nanoscopic fiber-like structures, or fuzz. Fuzz is brittle in nature and has relatively lower thermal conductivity than that of the bulk material. Small amounts of fuzz may lead to excessive contamination of the plasma, preventing the fusion reaction from taking place. Despite recent efforts, …

Design And Fabrication Of Liquid Scintillator Counter, Andrea Calderon Saucedo, John L. Orrell

STAR Program Research Presentations

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is currently developing an ultra-low background liquid scintillator counter (ULB LSC) in the shallow underground laboratory. At a depth of 35-meters water-equivalent, the underground laboratory has a multi-layered shielding to keep out cosmic-ray induced background. The ULB LSC, which is located in a clean room facility, is a multi-layered design made up of various materials, including plastic scintillator veto panels, borated polyethylene, lead and copper. These layers help lower the contributions of the terrestrial background and intrinsic background, resulting from the impurities present in the materials, to the overall background count rate observed by the …

Student Writing Competition

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Cover

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Masthead

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

From The Editor

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Studies Of Two-Nucleon Interactions And Few-Body Electromagnetic Structure In Chiral Effective Field Theory, Maria Piarulli

Physics Theses & Dissertations

A coordinate-space nucleon-nucleon potential is constructed in chiral effective field theory (χEFT) retaining pions, nucleons and Δ-isobars as explicit degrees of freedom. The calculation of the potential is carried out by including one-and two-pion-exchange contributions up to next-to-next-to-leading order (N2LO) and contact interactions tip to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO). The low-energy constants multiplying these contact interactions are fitted to the 2013 Granada database in the laboratory-energy range 0–300 MeV. Three versions of this chiral potential, corresponding to three different cutoffs, have been developed. The cutoff regularizes the one- and two-pion exchange as well as the contact part of the potential. A …

Relativistic And Non-Relativistic Proton-Nucleus Scattering, Kinsey Ann Elisabeth Zarske-Williamson

Honors Theses

Calculations for proton-nucleus scattering often rely on transition amplitudes. We implement new transition amplitudes [7] with the relativistic equations. We can find the matrix elements of the operators between the usual Dirac spinor basis or the helicity spinor basis. The operators can also be written as a linear combination of non-relativistic spin operators. To transform from one basis to another, we need to find a transformation matrix. We must establish what one of the factors that appears in the transformed expression means in order to correctly complete our transformation matrix. Once this is resolved, our transformation matrix will be complete.

An Investigation Into The Phenomenological Relation Between Solar Activity And Nuclear Beta-Decay Rates, Tasneem M. Mohsinally

Open Access Dissertations

We investigate experimental evidence for time-varying nuclear decay rates, in contrast to the widely-accepted view that nuclear decaying isotopes disintegrate at a constant rate unaffected by external conditions. We study several past cases of radioactive isotopes exhibiting annual periodicities in their decay rates, presumably related to the annual variation in Earth-Sun distance. Following recent indications of shorter-lived anomalies in ⁵⁴Mn decay rates concomitant with an X-class flare in 2006, we attempt to design and develop a series of unique signal detection algorithms to identify regions of anomalous activity in a nuclear decay signal. With stringent threshold cut-offs and filtering …

Fission Fragment Tracking And Identification In The Neutron-Induced Fission Fragment Tracking Experiment’S Time Projection Chamber, Eric Song

Physics

The Neutron-Induced Fission Fragment Tracking Experiment (NIFFTE) built a novel Time Projection Chamber (TPC), the FissionTPC, for measuring neutron-induced fission cross-sections to unprecedented precision. We investigated data from a 2014 run (400010151) at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) with a double-sided U235/Pu239 target. Our particle identification studies will aid in the development of improved tracking algorithms.

Theories In Spin Dynamics Of Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Eugene S. Mananga, Jalil Moghaddasi, Ajaz Sana, Mostafa Sadoqi

Publications and Research

This short review article presents theories used in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Main theories used in NMR include the average Hamiltonian theory, the Floquet theory and the developing theories are the Fer expansion or the Floquet-Magnus expansion. These approaches provide solutions to the time-dependent Schrodinger equation which is a central problem in quantum physics in general and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance in particular. Methods of these expansion schemes used as numerical integrators for solving the time dependent Schrodinger equation are presented. The action of their propagator operators is also presented. We highlight potential future theoretical and numerical directions such …

Archive - A Data Management Program, James H. Devilbiss, C. Steven Whisnant, Yasmeen Shorish

Department of Physics and Astronomy - Faculty Scholarship

To meet funding agency requirements, a portable data management solution is presented for small research groups. The database created is simple, searchable, robust, and can reside across multiple hard drives. Employing a standard metadata schema for all data, the database ensures a high level of standardization, findability, and organization. The software is written in Perl, runs on UNIX, and presents a web-based user interface. It uses a fast, portable log-in scheme, making it easy to export to other locations. As research continues to move towards more open data sharing and reproducibility, this database solution is agile enough to accommodate external …

Periodic State Revivals In Commensurate Waveguide Arrays, Jovan Petrovic, J. J. P. Veerman

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Emerging optical and quantum computers require hardware capable of coherent transport of and operations on quantum states. Here, we investigate finite optical waveguide arrays with linear coupling as means of efficient and compact coherent state transfer. Coherent transfer with periodic state revivals is enabled by engineering coupling coefficients between neighbouring waveguides to yield commensurate eigenvalue spectrum. Particular cases of finite arrays have been actively studied to achieve the perfect state transfer by mirroring the input into the output state.

We explore a much wider scope of coherent propagation and revivals of both the state amplitude and phase. We analytically solve …

Consequence Management: Evaluating And Developing International Responses To Nuclear And Radiological Disasters, Timothy Taylor

Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

Precision Measurements Of Aⁿ1 In The Deep Inelastic Regime, D. S. Parno, D. Flay, M. Posik, M. Canan, C. Hyde, The Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

We have performed precision measurements of the double-spin virtual-photon asymmetry A₁ on the neutron in the deep inelastic scattering regime, using an open-geometry, large-acceptance spectrometer and a longitudinally and transversely polarized ³He target. Our data cover a wide kinematic range 0.277 <= x <= 0.548 at an average Q² value of 3.078(GeV/c)², doubling the available high-precision neutron data in this xrange. We have combined our results with world data on proton targets to make a leading-order extraction of the ratio of polarized-to-unpolarized parton distribution functions for up quarks and for down quarks in the same kinematic range. Our data are consistent with …

Spectroscopy Of Li-9 (Lambda) By Electroproduction, G. M. Urciuoli, D. Hayes, C. E. Hyde, H. F. Ibrahim, P.E. Ulmer, Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

Background: In the absence of accurate data on the free two-body hyperon-nucleon interaction, the spectra of hypernuclei provides information on the details of the effective hyperon-nucleon interaction.

Purpose: To obtain a high-resolution binding-energy spectrum for the ⁹Be(e, e' K⁺)⁹_ΛLi reaction.

Method: Electroproduction of the hypernucleus ⁹_ΛLi has been studied for the first time with sub-MeV energy resolution in Hall A at Jefferson Lab on a ⁹Be target. In order to increase the counting rate and to provide unambiguous kaon identification, two superconducting septum magnets and a ring imaging Cherenkov detector were …

Cross Sections For The Exclusive Photon Electroproduction On The Proton And Generalized Parton Distributions, H. S. Jo, D. Adikaram, M. J. Amaryan, L. El Fassi, N. Guler, A. Klein, S E. Kuhn, Y. Prok, L. B. Weinstein, J. Zhang, Z. W. Zhao

Physics Faculty Publications

Unpolarized and beam-polarized fourfold cross sections (d⁴σ/dQ²dx_Bdtdϕ) for the ep → e'p'γ reaction were measured using the CLAS detector and the 5.75-GeV polarized electron beam of the Jefferson Lab accelerator, for 110 (Q²;x_B;t) bins over the widest phase space ever explored in the valence-quark region. Several models of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) describe the data well at most of our kinematics. This increases our confidence that we understand the GPD H, expected to be the dominant contributor to these observables. Through a leading-twist …

Search For A Permanent Electric Dipole Moment Of 225Ra, Mukut R. Kalita

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

The observation of a permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) in a non-degenerate system would indicate the violation of discrete symmetries of Time reversal (T) or combined application of Charge (C) and Parity (P) symmetry violation through the CPT theorem. The diamagnetic ²²⁵Ra atom with nuclear spin I=1/2 is a favorable candidate for an EDM search. Experimental sensitivity to its EDM is enhanced due to its high atomic mass and the increased Schiff moment of its octupole deformed nucleus. An experimental setup is developed where laser cooled neutral radium atoms are collected in a …