Elementary Particles and Fields and String Theory Commons^™

A Consistent Classical Relativistic Model Of A Finite Size Particle, Mira Varma

Honors Scholar Theses

An exactly solvable classical field theoretical model of a stable particle of finite size is studied. The model consists of a "swarm" of matter particles bound by an interplay of three static fields: one electromagnetic field, a massive scalar field, and a massive vector field. The internal forces due to the three fields balance each other to form a stable particle. The model parameters can be chosen such that the described particle has the mass and radius of a proton. The model qualitatively reproduces the pressure distribution inside a proton in agreement with recent experimental findings.

Consistency Checks For Two-Body Finite-Volume Matrix Elements. Ii. Perturbative Systems, Raúl A. Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen, Andrew W. Jackura

Physics Faculty Publications

Using the general formalism presented in [Phys. Rev. D 94, 013008 (2016); Phys. Rev. D 100, 034511 (2019)], we study the finite-volume effects for the 2 þ J → 2 matrix element of an external current coupled to a two-particle state of identical scalars with perturbative interactions. Working in a finite cubic volume with periodicity L, we derive a 1=L expansion of the matrix element through O(1=L⁵) and find that it is governed by two universal current-dependent parameters, the scalar charge and the threshold two particle form factor. We confirm the result through a numerical study of the …

293— Moly - Monitoring Oxygen Levels In Ntof Scintillators Using Cosmic Ray Muons, Sean King, Matthew Signor

GREAT Day Posters

High Energy Density Physics and Inertial Confinement Fusion facilities employ nTOF methods to measure neutron energies. Laser induced fusion facilities use the beam pulse as a start signal and Xylene scintillators as the stop signal to obtain the time of flight. To improve timing performance, the scintillator liquid is quenched with oxygen reducing the light production. However, oxygen reacts with the scintillator liquid causing the detector photo flash decay time to increase that reduces the energy resolution of the detector. An in-situ monitoring system which uses cosmic ray muons to determine the oxygen concentration, is being developed at SUNY Geneseo. …

Charged Particle Identification Using Calorimetry And Tracking At The Belle Ii Experiment, Joseph T. Nunziata, Atanu Pathak, Swagato Banerjee

Undergraduate Arts and Research Showcase

Particle identification (PID) is a critical procedure carried out in high energy physics experiments in search of new physics. When particles of matter (i.e., an electron) and antimatter (i.e., a positron) collide, new types of particles may form given certain conditions. Such particles may be classified as hadrons--which feel the strong nuclear force--and leptons--which do not. Identifying particles at the Belle II experiment is done by combining the measurement of energy deposited in the calorimeter with the measurement of track momentum in the tracker. In a tau lepton ($\tau$) decay sample, particles such as electrons, muons, and pions may be …

Magnetic Forces In The Absence Of A Classical Magnetic Field, Ismael L. Paiva, Yakir Aharonov, Jeff Tollaksen, Mordecai Waegell

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

It is shown that, in some cases, the effect of discrete distributions of flux lines in quantum mechanics can be associated with the effect of continuous distributions of magnetic fields with special symmetries. In particular, flux lines with an arbitrary value of magnetic flux can be used to create energetic barriers, which can be used to confine quantum systems in specially designed configurations. This generalizes a previous work where such energy barriers arose from flux lines with half-integer fluxons. Furthermore, it is shown how the Landau levels can be obtained from a two-dimensional grid of flux lines. These results suggest …

Heavy Quark Expansion For Heavy-Light Light-Cone Operators, Shuai Zhao

Physics Faculty Publications

We generalize the celebrated heavy quark expansion to nonlocal QCD operators. By taking nonlocal heavy-light current on the light-cone as an example, we confirm that the collinear singularities are common between QCD operator and the corresponding operator in heavy quark effective theory (HQET), at the leading power of 1/M expansion. Based on a perturbative calculation in operator form at one-loop level, a factorization formula linking QCD and HQET operators is investigated and the matching coefficient is determined. The matching between QCD and HQET light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) as well as other momentum distributions of hadron can be derived as …

Measurement Of The Photon Beam Asymmetry In Γp → K+Σ0 At EΓ = 8.5 Gev With Gluex, Nilanga Indrajie Wickramaarachchi

Physics Theses & Dissertations

In this work the photon beam asymmetry Σ for the reaction γp K⁺ Σ⁰(1193) is measured using the GlueX experiment in Hall D at Jefferson Lab. The analysis used data that were collected using a linearly polarized photon beam in the energy range (8.2 - 8.8) GeV incident on a liquid hydrogen target. The beam asymmetries are measured as a function of the Mandelstam variable t and as a single value for the low u region. These are the first exclusive measurements of the photon beam asymmetry Σ in this reaction at energies above the baryon resonance …

The Clas12 Software Framework And Event Reconstruction, V. Ziegler, N. A. Baltzell, F. Bossù, D. S. Carman, P. Chatanon, M. Contalbrigo, J. Newton, M. Ungaro

Physics Faculty Publications

We describe offline event reconstruction for the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer at 12 GeV (CLAS12), including an overview of the offline reconstruction framework and software tools, a description of the algorithms developed for the individual detector subsystems, and the overall approach for charged and neutral particle identification. We also present the scheme for data processing and the code management procedures.

Truncations Of W (Infinity) Algebras, Mohammed Akram Fellah

Department of Physics Faculty Publications

We introduce a new class of Vertex Operator Algebras Y+ and their duals, which generalize the standard W-algebras WN of type sl(N). These algebras can be defined in terms of junctions of boundary conditions and interfaces in the GL-twisted N = 4 Super Yang Mills gauge theory.

The aim of these technical calculations is to find the relation of these ortho-symplectic Y-algebras to truncations of even W\infinity.

Improving The Background Of Gravitational-Wave Searches For Core Collapse Supernovae: A Machine Learning Approach, M. Cavaglià, S. Gaudio, T. Hansen, K. Staats, M. Szczepanczyk, M. Zanolin

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Based on the priorO1-O2observing runs, about30%of the data collected by Advanced LIGO and Virgo Internext observing runs are expected tobe single-interferometer data, i.e. they will be collected at times when only one detector in the network is operating in observing mode. Searches for gravitational-wave signals from supernova events do not rely on matched filtering techniques because of the stochastic nature of the signals. If a Galactic supernova occurs during single-interferometer times, separation of its unmodelled gravitational-wave signal from noise will be even more difficult due to lack of coherence between detectors. We present a novel machine learning method to perform …

Data Analysis Of Large Angle Beamstrahlung Monitor, Samuel Doeg Izaguirre Gamez

Wayne State University Dissertations

The first experimental evidence of large angle beamstrahlung at SuperKEKB is discussed in this Thesis. Beamstrahlung is the tn radiation emitted by particles belonging to one beam when they are accelerated transversely by the electro-magnetic field of the other beam. The properties of the radiation are related to the beam interaction topologyand can be used to optimize the beam-beam collision. This, in turn, makes the machine’s luminosity, and therefore the number of produced events, higher. A device entirely built at WSU, the Large Angle Beamstrahlung Monitor, or LABM, has been deployed in the SuperKEKB accelerator since 2015. A five Institutions …

Validation Of Upgrade Of The Geant4 Simulation Toolkit To Model The Responses From Top And Arich Detectors, Dominic M Smith, Mason A. Ross, Swagato Banerjee, Davis N. Brown

Undergraduate Arts and Research Showcase

Belle II is the next generation B-Factory experiment at the world's highest luminosity accelerator the SuperKEKB collider, which is designed to collect 50 times more data than the previous generation experiments. A hallmark feature of B-Factory experiments is to use novel characteristics of Cherenkov detectors for identification of the flavor of charged particles passing through the detector. The TOP and the ARICH detectors can identify charged pions and kaons with high precision. The response to the passage of high energetic particles in the detector is modeled with the Geant4 simulation toolkit. Here we compare the performances of these two detectors …

Effective Field Theory And Machine Learning Approaches To Controlling Nonperturbative Uncertainties In Flavor Physics, Ayesh Gunawardana

Wayne State University Dissertations

The radiative decay $\bar{B}\to X_s\gamma$ and semileptonic heavy meson decay $D\to \pi l \nu$ are important flavor physics probes of new physics. However, these decays are plagued with nonperturbative uncertainties that are needed to be controlled to obtain a theoretically clean description. In this dissertation, we provide effective field theory and machine learning approaches to controlling these uncertainties.\par

In $\bar B\to X_s\gamma$, the largest uncertainty on the total rate and the CP asymmetry arises from resolved photon contributions. These appear first at order $1/m_b$ and are related to operators other than $Q_{7\gamma}$ in the effective weak Hamiltonian. One of the …

Validating The Belle2 Physicslist In Geant4 V10.1.2, Dustyn D Hofer, Swagato Banerjee Dr., David N. Brown Dr., Atanu Pathak

Undergraduate Arts and Research Showcase

Since the start of software development at the Belle II experiment operating at the KEK national laboratory in Tsukuba, Japan, the simulation tool kit Geant4 has undergone several updates. As a member in the ongoing collaboration, the University of Louisville’s High Energy Physics (HEP) group is striving to validate newer versions of Geant4 to maximize improvements of physics performance.We have simulated the performance of a new physics list sub-module, the "Belle2 PhysicsList", with improved modeling of hadronic shower shape and standard electromagnetic processes. Using a reconstruction-based selection procedure on tau-pair events decaying into a final state consisting ofe lectrons, photons, …

Klf Analysis Report: Meson Spectroscopy Simulation Studies, Shankar Adhikari, Moskov Amaryan

Physics Faculty Publications

This analysis report is written as a supplemental for the strange meson spectroscopy part of the KLF proposal submitted to the JLab PAC48.

On The Classification Of Duality Webs For Graded Quivers, Sebastían Franco, Azeem Hasan, Xingyang Yu

Publications and Research

We study the m-graded quiver theories associated to CY (m+2)-folds and their order (m + 1) dualities. We investigate how monodromies give rise to mutation invariants, which in turn can be formulated as Diophantine equations characterizing the space of dual theories associated to a given geometry. We discuss these ideas in general and illustrate them in the case of orbifold theories. Interestingly, we observe that even in this simple context the corresponding Diophantine equations may admit an infinite number of seeds for m ≥ 2, which translates into an infinite number of disconnected duality webs. Finally, …

First Measurement Of Direct Photoproduction Of The A2(1320)⁰ Meson On The Proton, K.P. Adhikari, M. J. Amaryan, D. Bullumulla, F. Hauenstein, M. Khachatryan, Y. Prok, Et Al., Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

We present the first measurement of the reaction 𝛾p -> a₂(1320)⁰ p in the photon energy range 3.5-5.5 GeV and four-momentum transfer squared 0.2 < -t < 2.0 GeV². Data were collected with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The a₂resonance was detected by measuring the reaction 𝛾p → π⁰ηp and reconstructing the π⁰η invariant mass. The most prominent feature of the differential cross section is a dip at -t ≈ 0.55 GeV². This can be described in the framework of Regge phenomenology, where the exchange degeneracy hypothesis …

Double Inclusive Small-X Gluon Production And Their Azimuthal Correlations In A Biased Ensemble, Gary Kapilevich

Publications and Research

We consider double gg → g production in the presence of a bias on the unintegrated gluon distribution of the colliding hadrons or nuclei. Such bias could be due to the selection of configurations with a greater number of gluons or higher mean transverse momentum squared or, more generally, due to a modified spectral shape of the gluon distribution in the hadrons. Hence, we consider reweighted functional averages over the stochastic ensemble of small-x gluons. We evaluate explicitly the double inclusive gluon transverse momentum spectrum in high-energy collisions, and their azimuthal correlations, for a few simple examples of biases.

"Lagrangian Disks" In M-Theory, Sebastián Franco, Sergei Gukov, Sangmin Lee, Rak-Kyeong Seong, James Sparks

Publications and Research

While the study of bordered (pseudo-)holomorphic curves with boundary on Lagrangian submanifolds has a long history, a similar problem that involves (special) Lagrangian submanifolds with boundary on complex surfaces appears to be largely overlooked in both physics and math literature. We relate this problem to geometry of coassociative submanifolds in G₂ holonomy spaces and to Spin(7) metrics on 8-manifolds with T² fibrations. As an application to physics, we propose a large class of brane models in type IIA string theory that generalize brane brick models on the one hand and 2d theories T[M₄] on …

Minimizing The Duration Of Isolated Attosecond Pulses, Dian Peng, Anthony F. Starace, Hua-Chieh Shao, Jean Marcel Ngoko Djiokap

Anthony F. Starace Publications

We investigate theoretically how the duration of an isolated attosecond pulse (IAP) can be minimized by carefully selecting frequencies of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) spectra produced by ultrashort driving laser pulses. Based on numerical calculations of HHG by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for a single H atom, we provide three strategies for generating shorter IAPs. First, when the high-frequency region of an HHG plateau is selected one should use frequencies below the cutoff. Second, for a wide HHG plateau the low-frequency region can produce shorter IAPs than the high-frequency region. Third, we propose a method of producing IAPs with …