Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Chronic Continuous Perfusion Of The Hibernation Triggering Opioid Dadle Did Not Cause Any Major Physiological Alterations In Rats, İbrahi̇m Akyazi, Ülker Çöteli̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

[D-Ala2, D-Leu5] enkephalin (DADLE), a delta opioid receptor agonist, can induce mammalian hibernation and has hibernation-like effects in non-hibernating species. It has also been demonstrated that DADLE has protective efficacy on various tissues such as nervous, cardiac, and hepatic tissues. Despite substantial research conducted in the last decade about the tissue protective efficacy of DADLE, detailed underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In the present study we investigated in a rat model whether continuous perfusion of DADLE can induce potentially tissue protective alterations in physiological parameters. In the study 48 young male Wistar rats were used. They were divided …

Can The Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Vegf) And Total Estradiol 17Β Be Used As A Marker Of Equine Oocyte Maturation?, Mehmet Can Gündüz, Güven Kaşikçi, Özge Yilmaz, Si̇nem Özlem Engi̇nler, Meli̇h Uçmak, Ati̇la Ateş, Feraye Esen Gürsel, Gamze Evkuran, Meri̇h Duygu Töre

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to quantitate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and estradiol-17\beta in follicular fluid (FF) and serum and to correlate the levels of these substances with oocyte maturation. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided follicular aspirations were performed with the purpose of oocyte collection when the follicle was >35 mm in diameter. The mares were divided into 2 groups according to age, and the changes in VEGF and estradiol-17\beta in follicular fluid and serum were examined. Levels of estradiol-17\beta in the follicular fluid and serum of young mares (4-10 years old) did not differ from those in old mares (20-24 …

The Effect Of Organic Acid, Zeolite, Or Their Combination On Performance, Some Serum Indices, And Ileum Ph Values In Broilers Fed With Different Phosphorus Levels, İsmai̇l Abaş, Tanay Bi̇lal, Hüseyi̇n Eseceli̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the addition of organic acid (OA), zeolite (ZE), or both to broiler diets with microbial phytase containing low and adequate levels of phosphorus (P) on performance, some serum indices, and ileum pH values. For the study, 480 broiler chicks 1-day old were assigned equally to 8 groups, with 6 replicates (10 chicks per replicate) carried out over 42 days. A basal diet containing 600 FTU of phytase enzyme was formulated separately for the starter and grower periods. Experimental groups were divided into 2 main groups: low P [(0.39% P; …

The Laser In Veterinary Medicine, Mihaela Antonina Calin, Toma Coman

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The development of non-invasive, non-toxic, and non-pollutant methods for the treatment of different illnesses represents a constant concern of scientists from the medical field worldwide. In this category fit the methods based on the use of laser systems, which are successfully applied both in human and veterinary medicine due to the special properties of laser radiation: monocromaticity, coherence, intensity, and directionality. The aim of this paper is to present the laser systems used in several domains of veterinary medicine and some experimental results obtained by different authors.

Hyalomma Rufipes (Koch, 1844) Infesting Cattle In The West Aegean Region Of Turkey, Serkan Bakirci, Hakan Sarali̇, Levent Aydin, Abdalla Latif, Hasan Eren, Tüli̇n Karagenç

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A total of 19,679 adult ticks were collected from 443 cattle in 9 villages in the West Aegean region of Turkey over 2 years (June 2006-May 2008). Thirteen out of the 19,679 adult ticks were identified as Hyalomma rufipes (12 adult males and 1 female). The ticks were identified according to their characteristic dark coloured conscutum and scutum along with the presence of small to medium but uniform and numerous punctations. Dimensions (length and width) of male and female H. rufipes ticks were 3075 and 1880 µm and 3213 and 2181 \mum, respectively. The present study not only confirms previous …

Congenital Secundum Atrial Septal Defect And Membranous Ventricular Septal Defect In A Newborn Holstein-Friesian Calf, Ayşe Haligür, Mehmet Haligür, Özlem Özmen

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Congenital secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) and membranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) were diagnosed in a 1-day-old Holstein-Friesian calf necropsied in the Department of Pathology of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University. The secundum atrial septal defect was 32.9 × 23.1 mm in width and was elliptical. The membranous ventricular septal defect was 25.3 × 18.5 mm in width and was round to oval in shape. Both atrial and ventricular septal defects were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Van Gieson's stain. Histopathological examination showed that the defects mainly consisted of numerous muscle cells and, in some areas, dense fibrous connective tissue.

The Need To Quantify Ecosystem Services Provided By Birds, Daniel G. Wenny, Travis L. Devault, Matthew D. Johnson, Dave Kelly, Cagan H. Sekercioglu, Diana F. Tomback, Christopher J. Whelan

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

What are the birds worth--what is their actual dollar value to human society? To most of us in the ornithological community, birds are invaluable. But in these times we need more specific rationales to convince policy makers and business leaders to include bird conservation in land-use and development decisions. Over the past two decades, awareness of our dependence on a variety of ecosystem services (natural ecological processes that benefit human society) and of their importance and prevalence has progressed toward the goal of making conservation a mainstream value. Building strategies for the protection of ecosystem services into conservation and land-use …

Development, Optimization, And Validation Of A Classical Swine Fever Virus Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay, August J. Eberling, Jill Bieker-Stefanelli, Monica M. Reising, David Siev, Barbara M. Martin, Michael T. Mcintosh, Tammy R. Beckham

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Classical swine fever (CSF) is an economically devastating disease of pigs. Instrumental to the control of CSF is a well-characterized assay that can deliver a rapid, accurate diagnosis prior to the onset of clinical signs. A real-time fluorogenicprobe hydrolysis (TaqMan) reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for CSF was developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) at the Plum Island Animal Disease Center (CSF PIADC assay) and evaluated for analytical and diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. A well-characterized panel including Classical swine fever virus (CSFV), Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and Border disease virus (BDV) isolates was utilized in …

Rodents And Other Vertebrate Invaders In The United States, Michael W. Fall, Michael L. Avery, Tyler A. Campbell, Peter J. Egan, Richard M. Engeman, David Pimentel, William C. Pitt, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Gary W. Witmer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Contents

Introduction

Assessing impacts of rodents and other vertebrate invaders

Accounts of some important vertebrate invaders
Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Roof rat (Rattus rattus)
Polynesian rat (Rattus exulans)
House mouse (Mus Musculus)
Nutria (Myocastor coypus)
Gambian giant pouched rat (Cricetomys gambianus)
Feral swine (Sus scofa)
Small Indian Mongoose (Herpestes javanicus)
Rock pigeon (Columba livia)
House sparrow (Passer domesticus)
European starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
Monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus)
Brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis)
Burmese python (Python …

Stage-Specific Developmental Gene Expression Of Goat Preimplantation Embryos Produced In Vitro, Y. J. Li, H. Ao, G. J. Sun, L. Zhang

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Single preimplantation embryo mRNA differential display was used to study the gene expression of 2-cell,4-cell, and 8-16-cell stage goat embryos produced in vitro, and 16 different stage specific bands in total were screened. In these specific bands, 5 were in 2-cell stage, 4 were in 4-cell stage, and 7 were in 8-16-cell stage, respectively. The sequencing and alignment results suggested that 4 differential expression bands were homologous with human petidylarginine deiminase (PAD), bovine insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3), bovine NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 4 (NDUFA4), and dog cyclin B3 (CCNB3) genes, respectively. All these 4 genes had …

Haematology Of Downer Dairy Cows With Fatty Liver, Emmanouil Kalaitzakis, Nikolaos Panousis, Nikolaos Roubies, Eleni Kaldrymidoy, Harilaos Karatzias

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study examined downer dairy cows with concurrent fatty liver of different degrees and evaluated the haematological values, the relationship and joint occurrence of fatty liver severity and haematology and compared the haematological values in the downer animals that finally died or cured. Blood and liver biopsy samples were obtained from 36 Holstein downer cows shortly after they became recumbent and before they were treated. Blood analysis included determination of haematocrit, haemoglobin, white blood, granular cell and lymphocytes count, and platelet number. Liver tissue was examined histologically and was classified according to severity of fatty liver. The majority of downer …

Analysis Of The Orf Region Of The Prion Protein Gene In The Botosani Karakul Sheep Breed From Romania, Steliana Elvira Maria Kevorkian, Mihaela Zaulet, Maria Adina Manea, Sergiu Emil Georgescu, Marieta Costache

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Ovine scrapie is considered a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of an abnormal, protease-resistant isoform of PrP. The polymorphisms at codons 136, 154, and 171 are associated with susceptibility to scrapie. In order to detect the existing polymorphisms at the 3 codons we used the real-time PCR technique. The obtained genotypes were confirmed by PCR amplification and sequencing of a 402 bp fragment of exon 3 of the prion gene. Known polymorphisms were detected at codons 136, 154, and 171 and 5 different genotypes were determined. The results showed that all animals were homozygous for A at codon 136 …

Comparison Of Placentome Diameters In Single And Twin-Pregnant Sheep By Ultrasonographic Method, Güven Kaşikçi, Özge Yilmaz, Mehmet Can Gündüz, İsmai̇l Kirşan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between fetal number and placentome diameters in pregnant sheep. In the present study 25 Kıvırcık mixed breed pregnant ewes were used. Pregnancy of the ewes was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasonography by the 25th day after insemination. A transabdominal probe (6.5 MHz) was used on the pregnant ewes at the 30th day. At this time the placentomes appeared as hypoechogenic areas with a "C"-like shape. Throughout the pregnancies 5 placentomes were measured from each ewe every week. The results showed no significant difference between placentome diameter size in single and twin-pregnant …

Effects Of Queen Rearing Period On Reproductive Features Of Italian (Apis Mellifera Ligustica), Caucasian (Apis Mellifera Caucasica), And Aegean Ecotype Of Anatolian Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera Anatoliaca) Queens, Aytül Uçak Koç, Mete Karacaoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to determine the effects of rearing period on the quality characteristics of honey bee queens reared from Italian and Caucasian races and from the Aegean ecotype of Anatolian honey bee under the conditions of the Aegean region. Italian (I), Caucasian (C), and Aegean (A) queens were reared in April, June, and August of 2007 and 2008. The queens were weighed on the second day after emergence (WQ) and at the onset of oviposition (OWQ). The interval from emergence to the onset of oviposition (preoviposition period, POP) was determined in 3 genotype queen groups. The numbers of …

A Comparison Of Different Kinds Of Malassezia Species In Healthy Dogs And Dogs With Otitis Externa And Skin Lesions, Samaneh Eidi, Ali Reza Khosravi, Shahram Jamshidi

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Malassezia yeasts are commensal organisms on the skin of warm-blooded vertebrates. The lipid-dependent Malassezia species have recently been cultured from veterinary specimens. The present study investigated and compared different Malassezia species in the skin and external ear canal of healthy and diseased dogs. The sampling in the study was carried out on 152 animals, comprising 90 samples from the diseased group and 62 samples from the healthy group. All of the samples were determined by cytological examination and fungal culture. The isolated yeasts were identified by their morphological features as well as their physiological characteristics. The culture results were positive …

Carbenoxolone Blocks The Light-Evoked Rise In Intracellular Calcium In Isolated Melanopsin Ganglion Cell Photoreceptors, Jayne R. Bramley, Erin M. Wiles, Patricia J. Sollars, Gary E. Pickard

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Retinal ganglion cells expressing the photopigment melanopsin are intrinsically photosensitive (ipRGCs). These ganglion cell photoreceptors send axons to several central targets involved in a variety of functions. Within the retina ipRGCs provide excitatory drive to dopaminergic amacrine cells via glutamatergic signals and ipRGCs are coupled to widefield GABAergic amacrine cells via gap junctions. However, the extent to which ipRGCs are coupled to other retinal neurons in the ganglion cell layer via gap junctions is unclear. Carbenoxolone, a widely employed gap junction inhibitor, greatly reduces the number of retinal neurons exhibiting non-rod, non-cone mediated light-evoked Ca²⁺ signals suggesting extensive …

Y-Like Retinal Ganglion Cells Innervate The Dorsal Raphe Nucleus In The Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones Unguiculatus), Liju Luan, Chaoran Ren, Benson Wui-Man Lau, Jian Yang, Gary E. Pickard, Kwok-Fai So, Mingliang Pu

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) of the mesencephalon is a complex multi-functional and multi-transmitter nucleus involved in a wide range of behavioral and physiological processes. The DRN receives a direct input from the retina. However little is known regarding the type of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) that innervates the DRN. We examined morphological characteristics and physiological properties of these DRN projecting ganglion cells.

Methodology/Principal Findings: The Mongolian gerbils are highly visual rodents with a diurnal/crepuscular activity rhythm. It has been widely used as experimental animals of various studies including seasonal affective disorders and depression. Young adult gerbils were used …

Regulation Of The Latency–Reactivation Cycle By Products Encoded By The Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (Bhv-1) Latency-Related Gene, Clinton Jones, Leticia Frizzo Da Silva, Devis Sinani

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Like other α-herpesvirinae subfamily members, the primary site for bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) latency is ganglionic sensory neurons. Periodically BHV-1 reactivates from latency, virus is shed, and consequently virus transmission occurs. Transcription from the latency-related (LR) gene is readily detected in neurons of trigeminal ganglia (TG) of calves or rabbits latently infected with BHV-1. Two micro-RNAs and a transcript encompassing a small open reading frame (ORF-E) located within the LR promoter can also be detected in TG of latently infected calves. A BHV-1 mutant that contains stop codons near the beginning of the first open reading frame (ORF2) within the …

Challenges And Opportunities For Toxicology In Mexico, Rodrigo Franco, Balam Muñoz

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

We have developed this Special Issue titled “Challenges and Opportunities for Toxicology in Mexico” with the aim to highlight not only the challenges toxicology research faces in Mexico, but also the efforts and drive towards cutting edge research to address them. Altogether, this special issue should be a valuable source of information for all readers with an interest in toxicology and human health.

Mexico is an important economy worldwide and is a major exporter of several supplies and commodities. Because of this, its industry is a source of occupational exposure to several chemical derivatives (Nieusma 2011). The situation of occupational …

Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells, Gary E. Pickard, Patricia J. Sollars

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) respond to light in the absence of all rod and cone photoreceptor input. The existence of these ganglion cell photoreceptors, although predicted from observations scattered over many decades, was not established until it was shown that a novel photopigment, melanopsin, was expressed in retinal ganglion cells of rodents and primates. Phototransduction in mammalian ipRGCs more closely resembles that of invertebrate than vertebrate photoreceptors and appears to be mediated by transient receptor potential channels. In the retina, ipRGCs provide excitatory drive to dopaminergic amacrine cells and ipRGCs are coupled to GABAergic amacrine cells via gap …