Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Updates On Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv), Eduardo Martinez Sanchez

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No abstract provided.

Oral Oncolytics, Gaines Kyna Gania

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No abstract provided.

Updates On Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv), Jose Ojeda

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No abstract provided.

Clinical And Therapeutic Sciences Iv Php 528, Joanna Burkhardt

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Study Of Cost Utilization Of Organophosphate And Zinc Phosphide Poisoning: A Prospective Observational Study, Girish P. Thunga Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Introduction and Aim: Pesticides and rodenticides have been useful for killing pests and rodents respectively but at the same time proven to be harmful to humans as well. They are easily available and accessible to the common people due to which they are often misused for self-harm predominantly in developing countries. There is a lot of burden on the healthcare system due to limited healthcare resources. This study aims to estimate the various costs incurred by the patients during the complete hospitalization period. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. The patient related data was …

To Study The Treatment Pattern Of Paraquat Poisoning In A Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis, Girish P. Thunga Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Introduction Paraquat poisoning is a major medical problem in many parts of Asia, Pacific nations, and America [1] . It is rapidly-acting, nonselective and relatively inexpensive due to which widespread use in the developing world is.An increased rate of morbidity and mortality is associated with Paraquat poisoning. General treatment includes gastrointestinal decontamination like treatment with activated charcoal and fuller's earth given to minimize the absorption Haemodialysis and Hemoperfusion also plays important role for elimination of poison. Immunosuppression is also widely practised with Dexamethasone, Cyclophosphamide and Methylprednisolone. Many evidences showed antioxidants such as N-Acetylcysteine also beneficial. However, there are no clear …

Effect Of Metformin In Wound Healing In Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients –A Prospective Observational Study, Sonal M. Sekhar Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are one of the major complications of poorly controlled diabetes. The DFUs result due to the damage and breaking of the skin beneath it. The most commonly affected locations of DFUs are the extreme proximities of the toes. The wounds associated with foot ulcerations are the leading causes of the leg amputation. Metformin, a widely used anti- diabetic agent has a vital role in AMPK activation as well as plays an inhibitory effect on the mTOR, and Cyclin D1 pathways. Thereby causing a delay in the usual process of healing of wound in the patients. …

Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Agents With Potential To Develop Adverse Mental Health In Geriatrics, Sonal M. Sekhar Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Background: With advanced age, there is increased risk of various infections. Antimicrobial agents are majorly prescribed for management of these infections. Due to age-related physiological changes, many of the antimicrobial agents cause adverse mental health. Therefore, we evaluated the geriatric antimicrobial prescription to determine its potential to cause mental health issue. Objectives:  To prepare a checklist for antimicrobials which have the potential to cause adverse mental health.  Evaluate the geriatric antimicrobial prescription to determine its potential to cause mental health issue.  To determine antimicrobial-related mental health problems in geriatric patients. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted …

Effectiveness Of Pictograms In Patients Or Caregivers In Healthcare Settings: A Systematic Review, Rajesh V Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Background: Pictograms are a graphical symbol that conveys a concept through its pictorial resemblance to a physical object, pictorial representation has shown to have a potential in enhancing patient knowledge. Methodology: The systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials including participants over 18 years older were included in the review. RCTs were included as it reduces certain type of bias by randomly allocating the participants. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tool, which assessed 5 different domains and scores were given according to their indication of low, high and unclear risk. …

Potential Drug- Drug Interactions Between Anti- Tumor Agents And Other Prescribed Medications In Lung Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study, Mahadev Rao Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Background: Cancer patients are more prone to drug interactions as multiple medications are administered concomitantly along with cytotoxic agents in addition with drugs targeted to treat underlying comorbidities, and these are poorly evaluated. In the challenging field of cancer where the number of patients diagnosed increases in a geometric manner, the difficulties faced by healthcare professionals to treat the patients poses a great deal of arduous task in designing an optimum therapeutic regimen. This study addresses the current dilemma and suggests to bring about a resolution to the existing problem. Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to characterize, …

Study Of Drug Related Problems In Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Comorbidities In A Tertiary Care Hospital -A Retrospective Study, Leelavathi D. Acharya Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

IntroductionDiabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by high sugar level over a prolonged period of time. It is associated with the developing of complication due to a number of factors like the degree of vulnerability, susceptibility, age, health status and immune system condition.(1) Patients with Diabetes Mellitus along with morbidities receiving medications lead to different Drug related problems like polypharmacy, drug-drug interaction, adverse drug reactions etc.ObjectivesTo assess the Drug related problems in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients with comorbidities using PCNE classification and Hepler Strand classification in a tertiary care hospital in South India.Methodology A retrospective observational study conducted …

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling Of Aminophylline And Caffeine, Surulivelrajan Mallayasamy Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Background: Irregularity in temperature regulation and control of breathing during the first few days are the reasons for the abrupt deaths in preterm neonates, of which apnea in premature neonates constitutes the major reason for these deaths. Methylxanthine’s (aminophylline and caffeine) are used in its treatment. Majority of the hospitals follow a standard treatment regimen for both aminophylline and caffeine irrespective of preterm’s age and body weight which leads to toxic or sub-therapeutic concentrations of the drug. Using Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling (PBPK), various drug characteristics and its deportment can be studied. This helps in predicting the Pharmacokinetic parameters of …

Prevalence And Factors Influencing Inappropriate Medication Use In Elderly Patients - A Retrospective Study Using Updated Beers Criteria, Sreedharan Nair Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Background: A major safety concern in elderly population is the use of inappropriate medication. Owing to aging associated with anatomic and physiologic changes, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics of drugs are prone to alter in these elderlies. Inappropriate drug prescribing and polypharmacy in this population elevates the risk of adverse drug reactions. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and factors influencing Potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIM) use in elderly patients according to updated Beers Criteria. Methodology: A retrospective observational study was carried out. Case records of 580 patients aged 65 years and above were reviewed. Every case record was identified for at least one …

To Study Disease Activity And Various Counseling Techniques In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, Kanav Khera Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Background: Education and counseling creates awareness amongst RA patients regarding the nature of their disease, drugs and lifestyle. Often, early diagnosis of RA prevents permanent disability. However, this does not happen in many cases. With the intention of coping with RA related complications and promoting healthy living, this study assessed the importance of counseling interventions with the aid of patient information leaflets and digital media as an adjunct for better patient care. Objectives: To study three counseling interventions, drug utilization, disease activity and quality of life in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients. Methods: A prospective study was conducted where 30 patients were …

To Study Drug Utilization And Qol In Patients With Bronchial Asthma, Kanav Khera Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Background: Bronchial Asthma (BA) is a chronic inflammatory of the airways.[1] It is generally known that asthma can cause an impact on a patient’s Quality of Life (QoL), mostly in a negative manner. To perceive the impact it has on the population, ‘Questionnaires on Quality of Life’ in asthmatic patients were made. Improving the QoL of patients with asthma mainly aims at reducing the risk of exacerbation and preventing morbidity related to asthma. Drug Utilization studies are important in order to assess the current prescription patterns against standard guidelines and can help in rationalizing the management. The economic burden of …

Retrospective Study Of Warfarin Use In The Centracare Family Health Clinic, Lauren Martens, Jessica Lind

Pharmacy Posters

Introduction:

• Warfarin is FDA approved for a variety of indications
• Recommended INR goal ranges can vary depending on indication
• Appropriate warfarin management is necessary for safety and efficacy of the medication
• Since November 2019, warfarin has been managed by the ambulatory pharmacist in the Family Health Clinic

Purpose:

• To further understand the patterns of use of warfarin within the CentraCare Family Health Clinic
• Specifically, determine the prevalence of warfarin indications and corresponding INR goals.

Evaluation Of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Antibody Laboratory Use And Anticoagulation Prescribing Patterns, Piper Swanson, Jesse Greenlee, Gregory Schaefer, Paul Huiras

Pharmacy Posters

Introduction

• Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a rare adverse reaction
• Calculating a 4T score prior to ordering a heparin-PF4 immunoassay is recommended. For a score < 4, HIT probability is low and an assay is not advised
• If high suspicion of HIT (4T greater than or equal to 4), an assay should be ordered, all heparin products discontinued, and a non-heparin anticoagulant initiated.

Purpose

• Determine if heparin immunoassay ordering was indicted according to retrospective 4T score
• Assess anticoagulation prescribing depending on the result of the assay
• Serve as a pre-group for a planned perverse post-HIT order set implementation analysis

Evaluation Of Antibiotic Use And Duration For Febrile Neutropenia, Kayla Jensen, Patricia Aubert, Joy Ward, Ann Wigton

Pharmacy Posters

Introduction:

• Febrile neutropenia (FN) affects over 80% of patients with hematologic cancer and 10% to 50% of patients with solid tumors
• National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend empiric broad-spectrum monotherapy until the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is over 500 cells/uL.
• Extended durations with broad-spectrum agents leads to increased risk of antibiotic resistance, toxicity and C. difficile infection.

Purpose

• To evaluate antibiotic prescribing patterns for patients with FN to optimize antibiotic stewardship.

Gm-1111 Preserves Phagocytic Function Of Macrophages Exposed To Prolonged Hyperoxia Via Interruption Of Hmgb1-Mediated Signaling, Leanne Daley

Theses and Dissertations

Supraphysiological levels of oxygen (i.e. hyperoxia) are used to treat patients with respiratory distress. Prolonged exposure to hyperoxia can impair alveolar macrophage functions and increase susceptibility to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Hyperoxia-induced alveolar macrophage dysfunction is, in part, mediated by high airway levels of the pro-inflammatory mediator, high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1). An early generation glycosaminoglycan (GAG), 2-O, 3-O desulfated heparin (ODSH), attenuates hyperoxia-compromised innate immunity by preventing the binding of HMGB1 with receptors that activate pro-inflammatory pathways. In this study, we investigated whether the next generation GAG, GM-1111, can attenuate hyperoxia-compromised macrophage function. GM-1111 (100μM) prevented hyperoxia-induced (95% O2 for …

Agal Antigen And Rutinose Glycosides As Model Compounds For The Design Of Classical And Conformational Glycomimetics, Dhwani Ashish Mehta

Theses and Dissertations

αGal or Galili epitope (αGal(1→3)βGal(1→4)GlcNAc) is a natural trisaccharide associated with cell-surface glycoproteins of certain mammalian and non-mammalian cells. The saccharide is not expressed by humans and anti-αGal antibodies account for ~1% of the total circulating antibodies in sera as a result of our constant exposition to the antigen from food and intestinal flora. Our interest in αGal relies on its involvement in a variety of pathologies including red meat allergy, hyperacute xenotransplant rejection, and parasitic and bacterial infections. In particular, we have an interest in developing structurally simple glycomimetics for engaging in high-affinity binding αGal-recognizing receptors such as the …