Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Aspirin Dosing For The Prevention And Treatment Of Ischemic Stroke: An Indication-Specific Review Of The Literature, Alexander J. Ansara, Sarah A. Nisly, Sally A, Arif, Julia M. Koehler, Sarah T, Nordmeyer

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of aspirin for the treatment and prevention of ischemic stroke and identify the minimum dose proven to be effective for each indication.

DATA SOURCES: PubMed and MEDLINE searches (January 2009–January 2010) were performed to identify primary literature, using search terms including aspirin, stroke prevention, acute ischemic stroke, acetylsalicylic acid, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, and carotid endarterectomy. Additionally, reference citations from publications identified were reviewed.

STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Articles published in English were evaluated and relevant primary literature evaluating the efficacy of aspirin in the prevention of stroke was included in …

Pharmacokinetics Of Cefuroxime Are Not Significantly Altered By Cardiopulmonary Bypass In Children, Chad A. Knoderer, Sarah A. Saft, Scott G. Walker, Daniel P. Healy, Kevin M. Sowinski

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Poster presented at: SPA/AAP PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIOLOGY 2010 - Winter Meeting; April 2010; San Antonio, TX.

Continuous Infusion Of Nafcillin For Sternal Osteomyelitis In An Infant After Cardiac Surgery, Chad A. Knoderer, Jennifer L. Morris, Elaine G. Cox

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

We report the use of the continuous infusion of nafcillin for the treatment of an infant who had methicillinsusceptible Staphylococcus aureus sternal osteomyelitis not responsive to traditional nafcillin dosing. The patient was successfully treated with surgical debridement and the continuous infusion of nafcillin. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the successful use of the continuous infusion of nafcillin to treat an infant who had sternal osteomyelitis after cardiac surgery.

The Impact Of An Immunization Training Certificate Program On The Perceived Knowledge, Skills And Attitudes Of Pharmacy Students Toward Pharmacy-Based Immunizations, Zachary A. Marcum, Carrie M. Maffeo, Iftekhar Kalsekar

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Objective: To assess the impact of a national immunization training certificate program on the perceived knowledge, skills and attitudes of pharmacy students toward pharmacy-based immunizations.

Methods: The study design utilized a pre- and post- survey administered to pharmacy students before and after the American Pharmacists Association’s (APhA) Pharmacy-Based Immunization Delivery program. The primary outcome explored was a change in the perceived knowledge, skills, and attitudes of the pharmacy students. A five-point Likert scale (i.e. strongly agree = 5, strongly disagree = 1) was used for measuring the main outcomes, which was summated by adding the individual item scores in each …

Functional Interplay Between Chromatin Remodeling Complexes Rsc, Swi/Snf And Iswi In Regulation Of Yeast Heat Shock Genes, Tamara Y. Erkina, Y. Zou, S. Freeling, V. I. Vorobyev, Alexander M. Erkine

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Chromatin remodeling is an essential part of transcription initiation. We show that at heat shock gene promoters functional interactions between individual ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes play critical role in both nucleosome displacement and Pol II recruitment. Using HSP12, HSP82 and SSA4 gene promoters as reporters, we demonstrated that while inactivation of SNF2, a critical ATPase of the SWI/SNF complex, primarily affects the HSP12 promoter, depletion of STH1- a SNF2 homolog from the RSC complex reduces histone displacement and abolishes the Pol II recruitment at all three promoters. From these results, we conclude that redundancy between SWI/SNF and RSC complexes …

Medication Use In Pregnant Women With Chronic Medical Conditions, Deborah S. Zeitlin

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Dr. Deborah Zeitlin addresses medication options for pregnant women with chronic conditions such as: hypertension, asthma, diabetes, and depression. Risks of medication use to the fetus are addressed.

Mandatory Pharmacy Residencies: One Way To Reduce Medication Errors, Rami B. Ibrahim, Lilian Baghat-Ibrahim, David J. Reeves

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

We read with disbelief about a newly graduated pharmacist dispensing 30 times the amount of injectable sodium bicarbonate intended, an error that led to a patient’s death.1 As clinicians, we wondered what clinical scenario might mandate the large amount of sodium bicarbonate dispensed—the answer was none. So why did the pharmacist dispense it? The answer is all too clear: With rare exceptions, institutional pharmacists nationwide are largely focused on dispensing. Postgraduate clinical training in the basic aspects of pharmacotherapy is scarce and not viewed as essential. Inadequate pharmacist training and a staffing shortage were suggested as contributing to the …

Role Of Intrathecal Rituximab And Trastuzumab In The Management Of Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis, Anthony J. Perissinotti, David J. Reeves

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

OBJECTIVE: To review evidence for the use of intrathecal rituximab and trastuzumab in the management of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.

DATA SOURCES: A search of MEDLINE (1966-July 2010) and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970-July 2010) was performed using search terms intrathecal, trastuzumab, rituximab, and monoclonal antibody. Additionally, American Society of Clinical Oncology, San Antonio Breast Conference, American Association for Cancer Research, and American Society of Hematology meeting abstracts were searched.

STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Publications were reviewed for inclusion. Those reporting use of rituximab and trastuzumab intrathecally are reviewed and include 1 Phase 1 trial, 2 small prospective studies, 1 case series, …

Evaluation Of Pharmacy-Implemented Medication Reconciliation Directed At Antiretroviral Therapy In Hospitalized Hiv/Aids Patients [Letter], Megan A. Corrigan, Kendra Atkinson, Beverly E. Sha, Christopher W. Crank

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Short communications published in Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 44(1).

Bacterial Resistance To Antibiotics:How It Happens,Why It's Important,And What You Can Do About It., Richard Philp

Data and Test Instruments

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a major clinical problem exacerbated by the widespread and sometimes inappropriate use of antibiotics. Reasons for its emergence, mechanisms of resistance, types of resistance and appropriate public behaviour to combat the problem are discussed in language accessable to the general public.

Pharmacists' Rating Of Relevance Of Available Information In Deciding The Validity Of Opioid Medication Prescriptions, Leonardo Roberto Torres

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pharmacists are tasked with making decisions regarding the validity of prescriptions. Some have proposed factors that should be considered when evaluating a prescription's validity. Yet, there is little known about the decision process that pharmacists employ at the time of dispensing and what information pharmacists deem relevant in that decision-making process. Using an online survey instrument, a sample of community pharmacists were divided into three groups and presented with a prescription scenario. They were asked to rate the relevance of information, which is proposed to be appropriate and inappropriate, available at the time of dispensing. They were asked to consider …

Role Of Extended Release Quetiapine In The Management Of Bipolar Disorders, Martha Sajatovic

Faculty Scholarship

Atypical antipsychotics have become a widely utilized component of the bipolar disorder treatment armamentarium, with approximately 45% of bipolar patients prescribed atypicals. Over the last decade all atypical drugs except for clozapine have received a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) bipolar indication. In October 2008, the FDA approved quetiapine XR monotherapy for the treatment of acute depressive episodes of bipolar disorder and acute manic or mixed episodes in bipolar I disorder based on two placebo-control trials. Quetiapine was also approved as adjunct therapy with lithium and divalproex for the treatment of acute manic or mixed episodes as well as maintenance …

Evaluation Of Concurrent Medications Pre- And Post Initiation Of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic Therapy, Lindsay Pokallus Pharmd, Laurence Karper Md, Jessica Price Pharmd, Bcps

Department of Pharmacy

No abstract provided.

Essential Medicines Management During Emergencies In Pakistan, S. K. S. Bukhari, J.A.R. H. Qureshi, Rashid Jooma, K.M. Bile, G. N. Kazi, W. A. Zaibi, A. Zafar

Section of Neurosurgery

This paper illustrates the experiences of essential medicine management in providing cure and care to victims of Pakistan's 2005 earthquake in a safe, rational and effective mode. The health interventions assured access to essential medicine, sustained supply, inventory control through a computerized logistic support system and rational use of medicines. World Health Organization Pakistan outlined modalities for acceptance of donated medicines, assisted in speedy procurement of medicines and designed customized kits. Proper storage of medicines at controlled temperature was ensured in warehousing facilities in 12 locations. A steady supply of medicines and their consumption without stock-outs in the 56 first-level …

Role Of Transforming Growth Factor Beta In Corneal Function, Biology And Pathology, Ashish Tandon, Jonathan C. K. Tovey, Ajay Sharma, Rangan Gupta, Rajiv R. Mohan

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) is a pleiotropic multifunctional cytokine that regulates several essential cellular processes in many parts of the body including the cornea. Three isoforms of TGFβ are known in mammals and the human cornea expresses all of them. TGFβ1 has been shown to play a central role in scar formation in adult corneas whereas TGFβ2 and TGFβ3 have been implicated to play a critical role in corneal development and scarless wound healing during embryogenesis. The biological effects of TGFβ in the cornea have been shown to follow SMAD dependent as well as SMAD-independent signaling pathways depending upon cellular …

2010 Apothecary, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Apothecary

This publication is dedicated to the Southwestern College of Pharmacy faculty, staff, alumni, and students. We congratulate this year's graduating seniors and wish you success in your professional careers.

The 2010 Apothecary Staff would first like to thank those that provided us with their generous financial contributions to make this issue possible. Thank you for your continued support, we all greatly appreciate it.

Efficacy And Safety Of Mitomycin C As An Agent To Treat Corneal Scarring In Horses Using An In Vitro Model, Dylan G. Buss, Ajay Sharma, Elizabeth A. Giuliano, Rajiv R. Mohan

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Objective—Mitomycin C (MMC) is used clinically to treat corneal scarring in human patients. We investigated the safety and efficacy of MMC to treat corneal scarring in horses by examining its effects at the early and late stages of disease using an in-vitro model.

Procedure—An in-vitro model of equine corneal fibroblast (ECF) developed was used. The equine corneal fibroblast or myofibroblast cultures were produced by growing primary ECF in the presence or absence of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFβ1) under serum-free conditions. The MMC dose for the equine cornea was defined with dose-dependent trypan blue exclusion and MTT [(3-4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assays …

"Transduction Efficiency Of Aav 2/6, 2/8 And 2/9 Vectors For Delivering Genes In Human Corneal Fibroblasts ", Ajay Sharma, Arkasubhra Ghosh, Eric T. Hansen, Jason M. Newman, Rajiv R. Mohan

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

In the present study, cellular tropism and relative transduction efficiency of AAV2/6, AAV2/8 and AAV2/9 vectors have been tested for the cornea using primary cultures of human corneal fibroblasts. The AAV6, AAV8 and AAV9 serotypes having AAV2 ITR plasmid encoding for alkaline phosphatase (AP) gene were generated by transfecting HEK293 cell line with pHelper, pARAP4 and pRep/Cap plasmids. Primary cultures of human corneal fibroblasts were exposed to AAV infectious particles at two different doses (1×105 and 2×105 MOI). Cytochemistry and enzyme assays were used to measure delivered transgene expression in samples collected at 4 and 30 hours after AAV infection …

Impaired M3 And Enhanced M2 Muscarinic Receptor Contractile Function In A Streptozotocin Model Of Mouse Diabetic Urinary Bladder, K. J. Pak, Rennolds S. Ostrom, M. Matsui, F. J. Ehlert

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

We investigated the contractile roles of M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in urinary bladder from streptozotocin-treated mice. Wild-type and M2 muscarinic receptor knockout (M2 KO) mice were given a single injection of vehicle or streptozotocin (125 mg kg−1) 2–24 weeks prior to bladder assays. The effect of forskolin on contractions elicited to the muscarinic agonist, oxotremorine-M, was measured in isolated urinary bladder (intact or denuded of urothelium). Denuded urinary bladder from vehicle-treated wild-type and M2 KO mice exhibited similar contractile responses to oxotremorine-M, when contraction was normalized relative to that elicited by KCl (50 mM). Eight to 9 weeks after …

Clinical Outcomes Of Antimicrobial Lock Solutions Used In A Treatment Modality: A Retrospective Case Series Analysis, P Brandon Bookstaver, Katherine R. Gerrald, Robert R. Moran

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial lock therapy (ALT) may be considered as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) when catheter removal is not a favorable option. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes associated with ALT as adjunctive treatment of CRBSI. METHODS: This was a 24-month retrospective case series analysis evaluating patients treated for more than 24 hours with ALT. The primary outcome was blood culture sterilization for 30 days posttherapy. The impact of ALT duration and time to initiation on central venous catheter (CVC) salvage were evaluated. Logistic regression modeled the association between ALT and sterilization rates, with a prespecified …