Development Of Gama Medic {Medicago Rugosa Desr.) As An Annual Leguminous Species For Dryland Farming Systems In Southern Australia,
2026
Department of Agriculture, South Australia
Development Of Gama Medic {Medicago Rugosa Desr.) As An Annual Leguminous Species For Dryland Farming Systems In Southern Australia, E J. Crawford
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Annual medics (Medicago spp.) are the basic legume for nitrogen fixation in the alkaline soils of southern Australia. Not all individual species are well adapted to all soil types, one difficult soil being the highly alkaline clay loam where annual rainfall is less than 500 mm. The first gama medic (M. rugosa) cultivar, Paragosa, was well adapted to the clay-loam soil type but proved to be susceptible to germination after summer thunderstorms, and seedlings died in the following drought. Many gama medic accessions were then grown in an attempt to select a genotype capable of maintaining seedcoat impermeability during …
Evolution Of Selection Techniques In Breeding For Bloat-Safe Alfalfa,
2026
Agricultural Canada
Evolution Of Selection Techniques In Breeding For Bloat-Safe Alfalfa, B P. Goplen, R E. Howarth, G L. Lees, W Majak, J P. Fay, K J. Cheng
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This report summarizes the Canadian breeding program to develop a bloat-safe alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). This program has experienced an evolution of selection methods in attempting to identify bloat-safe alfalfa genotypes. In chronological order, the methods involved selection for fraction I (18S) protein, soluble proteins, foam volume, tannins (flavolans), saponins, initial rate of digestion (IRD), sonication, purified enzymes, gas production, and leaching. Although soluble herbage protein is correlated with the occurrence of pasture bloat, we have experienced slow progress in a selection program to reduce soluble-protein concentration in alfalfa. We have found that foam volume is not correlated with …
Evaluation Of Within-Half-Sub Family Selection From Leo Birdsfoot Trefoil,
2026
University of Guelph
Evaluation Of Within-Half-Sub Family Selection From Leo Birdsfoot Trefoil, D T. Tomes, O U. Onokpise, B E. Twamley
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This research was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of within-half-sib family recurrent selection for seedling vigor, seed yield, and forage yield in birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus comiculatusL. cv. Leo). The effectiveness of selection was measured by comparing progeny performance, genetic variance, and heritability in selected and unselected populations. In addition, cxperimc.ntal synthetic• (Syn-2 generation) from the selected population were compared to Leo for forage yield and seed yield in several trials. Seedling vigor and yield in 1979, and forage yield in 1980, of polycross progeny in the selected population were significantly higher than those of similar progeny in the unselected …
Breeding Centrosema Pubescens Better Adapted To Acid Infertile Soils Of South America,
2026
CIAT
Breeding Centrosema Pubescens Better Adapted To Acid Infertile Soils Of South America, E M. Hutton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Centrosema pubescen, Benth. {centro) in tropical South America depends upon the development of lines with increased tolerance to high acidity and aluminum (Al). This study classified levels of acid tolerance among Centrosema introductions and crosses of promising introductions. Initially, greenhouse and field evaluations in Carimagua oxisol (pH 4.5, 90% Al saturation) were used. Introductions of C. schottii and C. pascuorom died, while most C. virginianum and C. Uutifolium and a few C. pubescens had low acid tolerance. Most C. pubescens introductions had medium acid tolerance, whereas C. macrocarpum and C. schiedanum were highly acid tolerant. The degree of acid …
Comparison Of Italian Ryegrass And Meadow Fescue With F2, F3, F4 Hybrids Of Both Grass Species,
2026
Institute of Forage Production, GDR
Comparison Of Italian Ryegrass And Meadow Fescue With F2, F3, F4 Hybrids Of Both Grass Species, H Kaltofen, E Wojahn
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In forage-grass breeding there is an increasing interest in hybrids of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.). The objective of this study was to investigate some agronomic properties of such Festulolium hybrids with special reference to the question of whether these hybrids change from one generation to the next. In a pot experiment with four levels of nitrogen fertilization, Italian ryegrass and meadow fescue as well as F2, F3, and F4 hybrids of the two grass species were examined for 2 years. In each year four cuts were taken. All the F2, F3, …
Effective Selection For Tolerance To Grass-Killing Herbicides In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.),
2026
The Queens University
Effective Selection For Tolerance To Grass-Killing Herbicides In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.), C E. Wright, J S. Faulkner
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The aim of grassland reseeding is to establish a high-quality sward of improved herbage cultivars. To obtain the maximum value from the improved sward, weed invasion should be prevented. Herbicides are the main tool available. There are many herbicides for selectively controlling dicotyledonous, but not graminaceous, weeds. The control of graminaceous weeds would be possible in swards of grass cultivars selected for tolerance to grass-killing herbicides. Two cycles of recurrent selection for glyphosate tolerance in Lolium perenne L. were carried out by spraying large seedling populations with critical dosages in the greenhouse and intercrossing the survivors. It was found that …
Selection For Specific Leaf Weight In Reed Canarygrass And Its Effects On The Plant,
2026
Iowa State University
Selection For Specific Leaf Weight In Reed Canarygrass And Its Effects On The Plant, I T. Carlson, D K. Christensen, R B. Pearce
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Specific leaf weight (SL W, dry weight/unit leaf area) may serve as a selection criterion for forage yield through a positive rela• tionship with photosynthesis. Two cycles of phenotypic selection for high and low SLW were conducted in reed canarygrass (Phalaris anmdinacea L.) to investigate direct and correlated responses, particularly those related to yield and quality of forage. In a space-planted test, average direct responses from two cycles of selection for high and low SLW were 23% and 19%, respectively. Significant correlated responses were obtained for ten traits. Compared with the low-SLW cycle-2 population, the high SLW cycle-2 population averaged …
Value Of White Sweet Lupin In Production Of Protein Fodder And Feeding Of Animals,
2026
Faculty of Agriculture, Yugoslavia
Value Of White Sweet Lupin In Production Of Protein Fodder And Feeding Of Animals, O Saric, I Ramosevac
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The potential of white sweet lupin (Lupinus albus L.) as a grain or forage feed for livestock was investigated in a series of experiments. Grain yield of lupin was greater than or equal to that of soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) in most evaluations. The quality of lupin seed compared favorably with that of soybean meal and fishmeal. Lupin is capable of producing large amounts of forage in a short period, making it a good prospect for forage production in regions that have a short growing season.
Genetic Variability For Morphological And Agronomic Characters In Desmodium Uncinatum (Jacq.) D.C. And D. Intortum (Mill.) Urb., E.M P. Oliveira, P S. Martins, A B. Cruz
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Objectives of this research were to study the performance of eight populations of D. unicinatum and ten populations of D. intortum, with relation to morphological and agronomic characters to estimate the genetic variation between populations and between plants within populations, and to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for these characters.
White Clover: An Olde Crop With A Promising Future,
2026
USDA-SEA-AR
White Clover: An Olde Crop With A Promising Future, P B. Gibson, W E. Knight, G W. Barnett, W A. Cope, J D. Miller
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a widely adapted, important forage legume for grazing in the U.S. The palatability and quality of the forage, the wide adaptation of the plants to growth in different climates and under various grazing conditions and the role it plays in supplying nitrogen to pastures make white clover our finest pasture legume. The use of adapted white clover cultivars should result in large economic gains to the livestock industry in the U.S .A. Beef and dairy farmers would profit from reduced need for nitrogen fertilizer, an extended grazing season, increased forage production and quality, better …
Performance And Variability Of Agronomic Characters In Populations Of Stylosanthes Guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.,
2026
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Performance And Variability Of Agronomic Characters In Populations Of Stylosanthes Guianensis (Aubl.) Sw., P S. Martins, N A. Vello
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Stylosanthes guianens-is (Aubl.) Sw. shows wide variations in morphological and physiological characteristics, and basic information on genetic variability is needed for future breeding programs. The objectives of this paper were to evaluate 25 native Brazilian populations of S. guianensis for forage characteristics · • ;10,d • to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for these characters. The experiment was conducted in a duplicated 5 x 5 balanced lattice design with plots that contained 4 individuals spaced on 2-m centers. The following characters were evaluated after the beginning of flowering period: days to flowering (DF), mean diameter (MD), basal area (BA), growth …
Rhizoma Peanut: Perennial Warm-Season Forage Legume,
2026
University of Florida
Rhizoma Peanut: Perennial Warm-Season Forage Legume, G M. Prine
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Rhizoma peanut is the common name given species in section Rhizomatosae of the genus Arachis. Florigraze rhizoma peanut (A. glabrata Benth.) has been released as a cultivar by the Florida agricultural experiment stations and the USDA Soil Conservation Service. Florigraze is adapted to the well-drained soils of Florida and the warm humid tropics and subtropics around the world. Rhizoma peanuts are propagated by rhizomes, which in Florida are best planted during winter. The slowness of coverage during early establishment is the biggest shortcoming of rhizoma peanuts. If they are established first, rhizoma peanuts will grow well in mixture with bermudagrass …
Hedysarum Mongolicum Turcz.: An Important Protein Resource Legume On Dry Sandy Land,
2026
Peoples Republic of China
Hedysarum Mongolicum Turcz.: An Important Protein Resource Legume On Dry Sandy Land, Li Min, A W. Hovin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In searching for plants that can both increase the protein production and improve the sandy-soil conservation of the grassland in the arid, windy regions of North China, so far, from among many native plants, we have identified Hedysarum mongolicum Turcz. as the best species to fulfill our dual purposes. We investigated its distribution, planted its native seeds in the Maowusu desert, and studied it under its native and cultivated growing conditions from 1957 to 1964. Chinese farmers call this perennial subbrush legume of the sweetvetcb genus "Yang Cai," meaning "sheep like to eat." It can thrive in the stable or …
Adaptation And Utilization Of Three Legume In China,
2026
Peoples Republic of China
Adaptation And Utilization Of Three Legume In China, Huang Wenhui
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
China is a vast territory with extremely varied climates, soil, and topography, and it is very rich in pasture grass resources. The main legumes for forage are Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), yellow alfalfa (Medicago folcata L.) and shadawang (Astragalis adsurgent Pall.)
Preliminary Evaluation Of Legume Germ Plasm In The Cerrados Of Brazil,
2026
CIAT
Preliminary Evaluation Of Legume Germ Plasm In The Cerrados Of Brazil, D Thomas, R P. De Andrade
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In 1978 an evaluation program was initiated to select legumes that (1) grow and produce seed on acid soils under aluminum and water stress, (2) persist under grazing, and (3) tolerate pests and diseases. The work is being conducted at the Cerrados Agricultural Research Center, near Brasilia, at lat 15°S and altitude 1,000 to 1, 100 m . Annual rainfall is 1,500 mm, mostly distributed in a 6-month wet season, and mean annual temperature is 21°C. Nine hundred legume accessions from thirteen genera have now been established as spaced plants on the 2 major soil types of the region. The …
Genetics And Utilization Of Apomixis For The Improvement Of Guineagrass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.),
2026
ORSTOM
Genetics And Utilization Of Apomixis For The Improvement Of Guineagrass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.), Y H. Savidan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Natural polymorphism in guineagrass (Panicum maximumjacq.) has been stabilized in tetraploid biotypes by apomixis. Sexual diploids were found in East African populations. Our objective was to determine whether apomixis could be related with a simple genetic background and manipulated in an improvement program. Apomicts of guineagrass are characterized by a 4-nucleate embryo sac structure, and this trait was used in genetical analyses to differentiate apomictic from sexual hybrids. Progeny tests were also conducted as controls. Ten different types of progenies were analyzed: tetraploid sexual (from colchicine treatment of diploids) x apomictic F1 hybrids; selfed and backcrossed progenies of sexual F1 …
Breeding Challenges In Apomictic Warm-Season Grasses,
2026
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Breeding Challenges In Apomictic Warm-Season Grasses, E C. Bashaw, P W. Voigt, B L. Burson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Efforts to breed apomictic grasses met with little success in the past, but results of more recent research show significant progress with some species and new prospects for improving apomicts. Early research uncovered the cytological basis for apospory and diplospory, found the common apomictic mechanisms in grasses, and showed that apomixis is transmitted from pannt to offspring. Discovery of sexual or partially sexual (facultative apomicts) plants in several species formerly considered obligate apomicts allowed for hybridization and genetic studies. Results of subsequent research confirmed inheritance of apomixis, and data from the more conclusive studies indicate that method of reproduction …
Distribution Mapping And Modeling Of The Invasive Japanese Knotweed,
2026
Western Michigan University
Distribution Mapping And Modeling Of The Invasive Japanese Knotweed, Jossalyn Rogalski
Masters Theses
This thesis investigates the distribution of invasive Japanese knotweed across Michigan. This plant poses significant challenges to land management due to its rapid growth, environmental impacts, and difficulty of removal once established. Using geographic information systems (GIS), remotely sensed data, and secondary environmental datasets, this research maps current infestations and analyzes key factors influencing the species’ growth and dispersal, such as soil composition, hydrology, land use, and a range of environmental variables, including climatic (annual mean temperature, temperature seasonality, annual precipitation, precipitation seasonality), elevation, vegetation and hydrological indices (NDVI, EVI, NDWI), percent tree cover, and distance to roads. Spatial analysis …
Herbivory Of Phragmites Australis Along A Salinity Gradient In Connecticut Wetlands,
2026
University of Connecticut - Storrs
Herbivory Of Phragmites Australis Along A Salinity Gradient In Connecticut Wetlands, Sydney H. Kolz
Honors Scholar Theses
Invasive Phragmites australis (common reed) is widely distributed in New England wetlands, where it often outcompetes native plants and decreases biodiversity throughout the food web. Controlling its invasion is a priority, especially in salt marsh habitat, but current management techniques are inefficient. Leveraging natural processes may improve control strategies, but in order to do so, we must first better understand how abiotic and biotic stressors interact and affect Phragmites. This study focuses on herbivory and salinity, two factors limiting Phragmites’ fitness. I measured soil salinity and quantified the damage of three herbivore guilds (i.e. gall-formers and stem-borers, leaf-chewers, and …
Target-Site Resistance To Glyphosate In Eleusine Indica Biotypes From South Sulawesi And Lampung, Indonesia,
2026
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
Target-Site Resistance To Glyphosate In Eleusine Indica Biotypes From South Sulawesi And Lampung, Indonesia, Ahmad Nur Lazuardi, Denny Kurniadie, Uum Umiyati, Ryan Widianto
Jurnal Kultivasi
Glyphosate is a non-selective systemic herbicide that has been widely used to control weeds by local corn farmers in South Sulawesi and Lampung Provinces of Indonesia. However, some corn farmers in these two regions were considered that glyphosate herbicide at the standard field dose no longer effective against goosegrass (Eleusine indica). To confirms the level of its resistance to glyphosate, seeds of E. indica suspected to be glyphosate-resistant were collected from corn fields in Soppeng Regency-South Sulawesi and South Lampung Regency-Lampung (designated as GR-1 and GR-2 respectively), along with a known susceptible biotype from Sumedang Regency-West Java (GS) as a …
