Deferred Grazing During Summer Increases White Clover Content In New Zealand Dairy Pastures,
2024
Dairying Research Corporation Ltd
Deferred Grazing During Summer Increases White Clover Content In New Zealand Dairy Pastures, S L. Harris, C D. Waugh, R J. Mccabe, V T. Van Vught
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
NZ dairy pastures under rotational grazing (grazing interval 25 to 30 days) are often grazed down to low residual herbage masses (<1000 kg DM/ha) over summer resulting in white clover death. Deferred grazing, the practice of holding over pasture in situ over summer, was shown to promote survival of clover growing points and increase clover seedling density in mixed perennial ryegrass / white clover dairy pastures. As a result clover content (% of total dry matter (DM)) was increased, particularly in the first year of the trial when summer climatic conditions were unfavourable for clover growth. Additional pasture cover built up in plots deferred for 100 days from late November to March resulted in significantly higher soil moistures and lower soil surface temperatures so providing more favourable growing conditions for clover. Deferred grazing also resulted in small increases in total herbage accumulation but had little effect on ryegrass tiller density.
Cow-Calf Production Response To Pasture Forage Species,
2024
University of Manitoba
Cow-Calf Production Response To Pasture Forage Species, J C. Kopp, W P. Mccaughey
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
To study cow-calf production on fragile soils, 32 ‘tester’ cow-calf pairs were grazed on fertilized and unfertilized meadow brome (Bromus biebersteinii Roem & Schult.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)/meadow brome pastures, to determine the effects of forage type and fertility on pasture yield and botanical composition; and on animal productivity including cow milk production, cow and calf average daily gain and total gain (per head and per hectare). Cow fertility may be depressed on alfalfa-based pastures, therefore, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were also examined. Cow average daily gain (0.15 kg d-1) and milk production (4.82 kg d-1) …
Forage Quality, Steer Grazing Performance And Milk Production Using Tifton 85 Bermudagrass Pastures And Conserved Forages,
2024
University of Georgia
Forage Quality, Steer Grazing Performance And Milk Production Using Tifton 85 Bermudagrass Pastures And Conserved Forages, G M. Hill, R N. Gates, J W. West, G W. Burton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Forage quality and steer performance were determined in a two-year grazing study using replicated .81 ha pastures of Coastal bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.), Tifton 78 and Tifton 85 bermudagrasses. Pastures received 252 kg N/ha annually in three applications. Forage quality of esophageal masticate in July and September indicated that crude protein was higher (P < .05) for all pastures in September than in July. In vitro dry matter disappearance was higher (P < .05) for Tifton 85 than Coastal at both sampling dates. Steer daily gains were similar for the three bermudagrass treatments, but steer gain/ha was higher (P < .10) for Tifton 85 than for Coastal and Tifton 78 pastures. In a dairy cattle experiment (40 cows; 20 Holstein, 20 Jerseys; average 49 days in milk; six-week treatment period), Tifton 85 and alfalfa hay were fed at 15% and 30% of dietary DM, substituted for corn silage in total mixed diets. Cows consumed more DM when offered alfalfa hay than Tifton 85 hay diets (21.2 vs 19.1 kg/day, P < .01), had higher DM intake on low than high hay diets (20.4 vs 19.9 kg/day, P <.10) and had higher DM intake on the control silage-based diet than on hay diets (21.1 vs 20.1 kg/day, P < .05). Average daily milk yield and 3.5% fat corrected milk yield followed trends similar to DM intake for forage source and hay level in diets. Tifton 85 bermudagrass produced higher gains in beef steers than two other cultivars, and Tifton 85 hay has potential for utilization in dairy diets.
Extensive Management Of Grasslands In Central France: Effects On Animal Performances And Economical Efficiency,
2024
Station d’Amélioration des Plantes fourragères
Extensive Management Of Grasslands In Central France: Effects On Animal Performances And Economical Efficiency, J M. Chabosseau
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The farming context for livestock production has changed in Central France for the last 15 years. There has been a release of land and a change in financial support that favoured extensive systems. The management and economical results of two experimental sheep farmlets are compared; the extensified has an area 45% larger than the control but the number of ewes are the same. The optimization of managements in both units leads to practices rather different for fertilising, fodder making and grazing. The effects are the achieving of similar animal performances and the reduction of expenditure on grasslands (-30% per ewe) …
The Effect Of Period Of Stay On The Productivity Of Pasture Beef Systems,
2024
Nova Scotia Agricultural College
The Effect Of Period Of Stay On The Productivity Of Pasture Beef Systems, R C. Martin, A H. Fredeen, N Boyd, Y A. Papadopoulos, E Charmley
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of this study was to compare the average daily gains (ADGs) of beef cattle under management intensive grazing in paddocks with one-day and six-day periods of stay and to assess yellow fat on carcasses of cattle finished on pasture. The ADGs over the season were higher under the one-day than the six-day period of stay in 1994, but in 1995, the opposite trend was evident although the differences were not significant. In 1995, none of the 32 cattle tested were downgraded for the presence of yellow fat.
Stockpiling Systems: Evaluation Of Management Strategies Under Clipping And Sheep Grazing,
2024
New Liskeard Agricultural Research Station
Stockpiling Systems: Evaluation Of Management Strategies Under Clipping And Sheep Grazing, J E. Johnston
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Two studies were carried out to examine the role of initiation date, utilization date, grass species, and nitrogen application on the yield and quality of stockpiled pasture. Experiment 1 involved 5 grass species managed under two pre-stockpiling harvest systems in replicated small plots harvested at each of three dates in autumn. Experiment 2 involved two summer initiation dates and two rates of N application on mixed swards grazed by sheep. Both experiments showed that stockpiled forage yields decreased by 52% to 75% as stockpile initiation date was delayed from early July to mid-August. Forage crude protein content increased by 1.7% …
Native Pasture Forage On Offer And Animal Response,
2024
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Native Pasture Forage On Offer And Animal Response, G E. Maraschin, E L. Moojen, C.M D. Escosteguy, F L. Correa, E S. Apezteguia, L L. Boldrini, J Riboldi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The 5-yr. study on the native pasture of southern Brazil (30o S) under levels of dry matter on offer (DMO) and continuous stocking, with five tester steers plus the put-and-takers per pasture and two field replications, indicated dry matter residues as dependent on DMO. Dry matter (DM) yield increased with DM residues, as well as dead plant parts. Daily liveweight gains (DLG) and gain ha- 1 showed a curvilinear response to DMO and DM residues. Forage on offer levels promoting selective grazing enhance higher DLG and sustainable G. ha-1, and contributes to the well-being of the ecosystem.
Pasture Species Effects On Animal Performance,
2024
Ag Research Lincoln
Pasture Species Effects On Animal Performance, T J. Fraser, S=J S. Rowarth, T L. Knight
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Increasing concerns about food quality have resulted in investigations into the effects of different forage species on animal production and carcass quality. Pure species plots of high-endophyte ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) or lotus (Lotus corniculatus L.) were established and lambs grazed the species for 120 days during summer. Pasture species influenced growth rate, hot carcass weight, GR, wool growth, faecal egg counts, adult nematodes at slaughter, and sheep meat odour and flavour. Lambs grazing white clover, lotus or chicory outperformed those grazing …
Grazing Affects Pest And Beneficial Invertebrates In Australian Pastures,
2024
Agriculture Western Australia
Grazing Affects Pest And Beneficial Invertebrates In Australian Pastures, P J. Michael, M Grimm, M Hyder, P T. Doyle
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grazing annual subterranean pastures in Western Australia to targeted levels of pasture mass, instead of at a set stocking rate, affected numbers of invertebrates at the commencement of the following season. Treatments were controlled grazing to 1.4 t ha-1 or 2.8 t ha -1 dry weight of green pasture and set stocking at the average for the district. Grazing reduced numbers of redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor, but increased numbers of lucerne flea, Sminthurus viridis. The most likely reason for the reverse effect on lucerne flea was the presence of an effective predator, the pasture snout mite, Bdellodes lapidaria …
The Effect Of Stocking Rate On Herbage Utilization And Milk Production Under Time-Restricted Grazing By Lactating Dairy Cows,
2024
Hokkaido University
The Effect Of Stocking Rate On Herbage Utilization And Milk Production Under Time-Restricted Grazing By Lactating Dairy Cows, M Okubo, I Nonaka, K Furukawa, H Nakatsuji, S Kondo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effect of two stocking rates of 5 (L) and 7 (H) heads of lactating dairy cows per hectare on herbage utilization and milk production were determined under a time-restricted grazing during 2 years from 1993 to 1994. The annual herbage utilization and milk production from pasture in 1993 were lower in H than L (herbage, 7.9 vs. 9.1tDM/ ha; milk, 8.1 vs. 9.6t/ha) since the days of grazing cycle was considerably shorter in H than L (7.8 vs. 17.1days). As a result of changing the expected daily herbage intake per head of H seasonally in 1994, the annual herbage …
The Relationship Of Grazing Conditions To Annual Changes Of Sward Characteristics And Herbage Utilization By Lactating Dairy Cows In The Snowy, Cold Region In Japan,
2024
Hokkaido University
The Relationship Of Grazing Conditions To Annual Changes Of Sward Characteristics And Herbage Utilization By Lactating Dairy Cows In The Snowy, Cold Region In Japan, H Nakatsuji, I Nonaka, S Kondo, M Okubo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In order to determine the relationship of grazing conditions to annual changes of sward characteristics and herbage utilization in the snowy, cold region in Japan, the data for pasture utilization of dairy cows under a time-restricted grazing on Experimental Farm, Hokkaido University, from 1984 to 1992 were used for analyses. An annual herbage utilization did not always decrease though legume crown coverage declined gradually with advancing years after swardestablishment. The annual herbage utilization (tDM/ha, Y) increased with increasing the stocking rate (cow-hr/ha, X) (Y=0.00136X-0.685, r=0.752**).
Effect Of Grazing Pressure And Supplemental Level On Weight Gain In Dairy Heifers,
2024
Instituto Nacional de Investigatión Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia Uruguay
Effect Of Grazing Pressure And Supplemental Level On Weight Gain In Dairy Heifers, J M. Mieres, Y M. Acosta
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
An experiment designed to assess the effect of two grazing pressures (GP, expressed as kg MS/100 kg LW) and four levels of supplement (0, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 expressed as kg/100 kg LW) fed to yearling heifers (212 kg) on live weight gain, was carried out at the Dairy Unit of INIA La Estanzuela (Uruguay). The experiment consisted of 8 treatments. Forty animals were used in the experiment, 5 per treatment, each animal being a replication of the treatment. The animals were blocked by weight in 5 blocks of 8 animals each, and then randomly assigned to the different treatments. …
Leaf Appearance Rate Of Native And Introduced Grasses Under Different Intensities Of Continuous Grazing (Argentina),
2024
INTA EEA
Leaf Appearance Rate Of Native And Introduced Grasses Under Different Intensities Of Continuous Grazing (Argentina), M G. Agnusdei, A Mazzanti, J Cordero, M H. Wade
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Results of two grazing experiments on the effect of maintaining contrasting sward states upon leaf appearance rate of individual tillers (LAR) and tiller density (D) are reported. The following species were evaluated: Cynodon dactylon(Cd), Leersia hexandra(Lh), y Paspalum dilatatum(Pd) in a natural grassland of the Flooding Pampa, and Festuca arundinacea in a sown pasture. Except for Pd, LAR decreased with the increment of sward surface height. The degree of this morphogenetic plasticity varied among species. Implications for the stability of grass populations under continuous grazing are suggested; the effect of sward state upon LAR may represent one alternative way …
Grazing Systems Research In The Falkland Islands,
2024
Falkland Islands
Grazing Systems Research In The Falkland Islands, J A. Kerr
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Conceptual models of both the metabolisable energy (ME) balance of sheep in relation to the environment and the effects heavy grazing on vegetation and soils will form the basis for the development of a sustainable grazing system for wool production in the Falkland Islands. Research which integrates plant community ecology, agricultural meteorology, sheep energetics, grazing systems and socio-economics is described.
Wool Production From Annual Pastures Intensively Grazed By Wethers In Southern Western Australia,
2024
Agriculture Western Australia
Wool Production From Annual Pastures Intensively Grazed By Wethers In Southern Western Australia, M W. Hyder, A N. Thompson, P T. Doyle, M Grimm, P J. Michael
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Intensively grazing annual pastures in southern Western Australia to target amounts of feed on offer increased the greasy wool production per hectare three-fold or more compared to production from a setstocked grazing regime. Feed on offer was maintained at 0.8, 1.1, 1.4, 2.0, 2.8 t DM/ha during spring and wool growth per hectare compared to that of sheep set-stocked at the district average of 8 sheep/ha. The role of intensive grazing as a tactic to increase production and profitability of wool producers in Mediterranean environments is discussed.
Utilized Metabolizable Energy And Its Impacts On The Management Of Grass Pastures In The Central Chaco Of Paraguay,
2024
Estación Experimental Chaco Central
Utilized Metabolizable Energy And Its Impacts On The Management Of Grass Pastures In The Central Chaco Of Paraguay, D Stosiek, A Glatzle, R Schultze-Kraft
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Animal production from sown pastures of Gatton Panic (Panicum maximum Jacq.) and Estrella (Cynodon nlemfuënsis Vand.) on a luvic Kastanozem in the Central Chaco of Paraguay (mean annual rainfall 850 mm) was measured over two years (Sep. 1992 to Nov. 1994). The pastures were grazed continuously by Brahman X Hereford steers at six stocking densities, ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 American Animal Units (1 AU = 454 kg) per hectare. Herbage availability, chemical composition (ME, XP, fibre) and cattle liveweight gains were measured at four weekly intervals. Building regression models for Utilized metabolizable energy (UME in GJ/ha) and …
Milk Production From Ruzi Grass Alone, Ruzi Mixed With Leucaena And Ruzi Supplemented With Dolichos Lablab,
2024
Kasetsart University
Milk Production From Ruzi Grass Alone, Ruzi Mixed With Leucaena And Ruzi Supplemented With Dolichos Lablab, S Tudsri, S Prasanpanich, S Swasdiphanich
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Three groups of dairy cattle were compared under different grazing managements viz. strip-grazed on pure ruzi grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis), strip-grazed on mixed pasture between ruzi and leucaena (Luecaena luecocephala) and strip-grazed on pure ruzi and supplemented with lablab (Lablab purpureus). The results showed that the animals that received the legumes through supplementary or mixed with the grass produced higher in daily milk yield (13.63 and 13.26 kg/cow) and fat percentage (4.7 and 4.5) than that of the pure grass alone (12.00 kg/cow for milk yield and 4.2 % for fat). This advantage was due …
Zea Mays Grazing In Cattle Production Systems,
2024
University of Nebraska
Zea Mays Grazing In Cattle Production Systems, V Mundy, B E. Anderson, T L. Gompert, T L. Mader, C A. Shapiro
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Nebraska producers have used silage maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids as a grazed forage in dairy and beef production systems. In an onfarm case study, farmers and researchers collaborated to gather information on production practices, grazing management, and plant characteristics of grazing maize within three forage-based dairy and beef systems. Production practices were generally similar to conventional grain corn production, except that in one system maize was seeded directly into a suppressed grass sod. Milk production from grazing maize was 23 kg/day/animal, compared to 24 kg/day/ animal before using maize and 22 kg/day/animal after using maize. Average gain of …
Grazing Management Of Lotus In Eastern Australia: A Participatory Approach,
2024
NSW Agriculture
Grazing Management Of Lotus In Eastern Australia: A Participatory Approach, M J. Blumenthal, J F. Ayers, Z Hochman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Both Lotus uliginosus Schkukr and L. corniculatus L. require lenient grazing management for persistent production. However, grazing systems, where Lotus is adapted in eastern Australia are based on intermittent set stocking. Conflict between plant ecophysiology and the adverse influences of traditional grazing systems that limit the adoption of new grazing management technology have been addressed by a participatory (co-learning) research and development process. The approach taken involved the use of a facilitator who ran an initial meeting to involve stakeholders and subsequently established “colearning” groups and “co-learning” experimental sites. These sites are monitored, progress is reviewed, and knowledge is …
Rhizobium Specificity In Leucaena,
2024
The University of Queensland, Australia
Rhizobium Specificity In Leucaena, B F. Mullen, V E. Frank, R A. Date
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Twenty-seven accessions of Leucaena, representing 20 species, were assessed for effective N-fixing symbioses in association with 13 strains of Rhizobium in N-free conditions in a glasshouse. Fifteen accessions formed effective symbioses with most strains of Rhizobium. Only 4 accessions required specific strains. Conversely, 9 of the strains of Rhizobium formed effective symbioses with most accessions of Leucaena. Only one strain was ineffective. Strains CB3060 and CB3126 were effective with 21 and 22 accessions of Leucaena, respectively.
