Problems Associated With Evaluation Of Disease Of Perennial Pasture Plants - Some Recommendations,
2025
CIAT
Problems Associated With Evaluation Of Disease Of Perennial Pasture Plants - Some Recommendations, Jillian M. Lenne
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Most of the existing pasture disease evaluation methodology has been developed for temperate grass and legume monocultures. Many techniques have been derived from annual crops with little modification and limited research has been done on perennial grass-legume pastures. Perennial pastures are heterogenous communities of various species of many ages supporting continuous pathogen associations. Because of temporal and spatial variation, diseases are difficult to evaluate and techniques are largely inadequate.
Fungal Diseases Limiting Productivity Of Annual Pasture Legumes In Western Australia,
2025
Baron Hay Court
Fungal Diseases Limiting Productivity Of Annual Pasture Legumes In Western Australia, M Barbetti
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) and medic (Medicago species) form the basis of most annual pastures in Western Australia with approximately 6.5 and 1 million hectares sown respectively. Fungal pathogens cause a wide range of sporadic epidemics and insidious decline problems and have had a significant impact on the productivity of annual legume pastures during the past two decades (Johnstone and Barbetti, 1987). This paper outlines the fungal diseases involved in limiting production of annual pasture legumes in Western Australia and discusses control strategy options for the most important diseases.
Variation In Hypericum Perforatum L. In Australia,
2025
NSW Agriculture
Variation In Hypericum Perforatum L. In Australia, M H. Campbell, C E. May, I A. Southwell, J D. Tomlinson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In Australia Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort) is a major weed of pastures because it replaces useful vegetation, causes photosensitisation in grazing animals, depresses their central nervous system and renders them hypersensitive to temperature change and handling (Campbell and Delfosse, 1984). H. perforatum infested 188,000 ha in New South Wales (N.S.W.) in 1976, (Campbell, 1977) and 173,000 ha in Victoria in 1983 (Shepherd, 1983). Specimens of H. perforatum collected in 1929 in N.S.W., Victoria and South Australia were classed as the narrow leaved var. angustifolium De Candolle (Calvert, 1930, 1932) at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (B. Mathew, pers. …
Modalites D’Etude Des Nouvelles Varietes De Plantes Fourrageres Perennes En Vue De L’Inscription Au Catalogue Francias,
2025
INRA/GEVES
Modalites D’Etude Des Nouvelles Varietes De Plantes Fourrageres Perennes En Vue De L’Inscription Au Catalogue Francias, R Allerit, X Ballot, Francoise Blouet
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
L'ouverture de catalogues pour les especes fourrageres perennes remonte deja en France a plusieurs decennies, a la suite de la creation du Comite Technique Permanent de la Selection (C.T.P.S.); le premier fut celui de la luzerne en 1950, et le dernier en date est celui des bromes (catharticus et sitchensis) ouvert en 1982. Dans tous les cas, l'ouverture d'une liste offi.cielle se justifiait par des travaux de selection suffi.samment avances dans l'espece consideree et a toujours repondu au souci d'ameliorer et de diversifier la production fourragere. Jusqu'a l'ouverture du catalogue commun de la C.E.E. en 1970, les epreuves …
Improving Herbage Seed Industry Productivity And Stability Through Action Research,
2025
University of Sydney
Improving Herbage Seed Industry Productivity And Stability Through Action Research, R L. Ison, W.H C. Potts, G Beale
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Herbage seed industry productivity improvements derive traditionally from better understanding the biology and effective management of seed production. These may then aggregate to enhance industry productivity. There are however situations when greater gains in industry productivity and stability may be achieved through the powerful tool of organisational or institutional change (Kingma, 1985). Seed industries in Australia (Potts and Ison, 1987) and internationally (McMullen, 1987) are changing rapidly ; future research cannot ignore the need to investigate organisational constraints given the frequent inability of organisations to change and adapt to rapidly changing business environments (Schwendiman, 1986). Traditional, reductionist research approaches which …
The Integration Of Seed Activities Into An International Pastures Network,
2025
CIAT
The Integration Of Seed Activities Into An International Pastures Network, J E. Ferguson, R Schaus, A Peralta
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The International Network for Evaluation of Tropical Pastures, known by its spanish acronym RIEPT, was initiated in 1979 for the evaluation germplasm and pastures, the development of methodology and professional communication in lowland Tropical America (Toledo 1982). Since then the RIEPT has constantly expanded, both in the number of countries and institutions participating, the number of materials under evaluation and the range of evaluation sequences. Initially, the major source of seeds was CIAT. By 1985 as the RIEPT expanded, seed availability became a constraint and national research institutions were challenged to develop their own expertise and supply of seeds (Ferguson …
Diversity Of The Components Of The Potential Seed Production In Panicum Maximum Jacq. Consequences On Breeding,
2025
ORSTOM
Diversity Of The Components Of The Potential Seed Production In Panicum Maximum Jacq. Consequences On Breeding, M Noirot
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The obstacle to the variety diffusion of Panicum maximum has been for a long time its low seed production (Humphreys, 1966) owing to a limited number of accessions, to the apomictic mode of reproduction, to the harvest practices and to an unfavourable flowering behavior. An original breeding scheme has been adjusted in Ivory Coast (Noirot, 1983) on the bases of the natural variability collectings (Pernes, 1975 ; Combes, 1975), of the sexual plants discovery (Combes and Pernes, 1970) and of the control of apomixis heredity (Savidan, 1982). Its application to the seed production requires preliminary study of the natural potentialities …
Effects Of Level And Source Nitrogen Fertilzier On The Pure Seed Yield Of Setaria Sphacelata Cv. Narok In Yunnan Province, Southern China,
2025
University of Kentucky
Effects Of Level And Source Nitrogen Fertilzier On The Pure Seed Yield Of Setaria Sphacelata Cv. Narok In Yunnan Province, Southern China, Li Shuan, Zhao Jun-Quan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Setaria sphacelata is a widely sown pasture grass in the tropics and sub-tropics (Hacker and Jones, 1969). Its use is limited by low seed yields (10-80 kg/ha/crop) and the cold tolerant cv. Narok gives less seed than other cultivars (Bahnisch and Humphreys, 1977). In Queensland Setaria generally produces two crops a year with irrigation, but the seed yields are some of the lowest of any commercial species traded (Humphreys and Riveros, 1986). The objet of the present experimental work was to determine the optimum level of nitrogen and its time of application for maximum profit, and to study the seed …
Effects Of The Growth Regulators Rsw 0411 In Seed Crops Of Lolium Perenne, Poa Pratensis And Festuca Rubra, G.E L. Borm, S Vreeke
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
To increase yields and yield stability in grass seed crops use of the growth regulator RSW 0411 has been investigated since 1984. The effects of application of this growth regulator at different rates and different stages of development in Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis and Festuca rubra are presented in this paper.
The Potential For Pasture Seed Production In Yunnan Province, Southern China,
2025
Bureau of Animal Husbandry Yunnan, China
The Potential For Pasture Seed Production In Yunnan Province, Southern China, Li Shuan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The objective of the seed production team has been to develop commercial seed production capabilities in the Yunnan Livestock and Pasture Development Project areas in Yunnan (Vaughan, 1987). It is mainly a mountainous area with altitudes ranging from 86 min the SE to 6,580 m in the NW. Since 1983, 523 cultivars or breeding materials of many tropical, transitional and temperate species have been introduced for evaluation at 13 sites in different ecological zones. About 90 cultivars show good adaption and produce high yields of dry matter.
Determination Of The Optimum Harvest Time On Andropogon Gayanus Ciat 621,
2025
University of Kentucky
Determination Of The Optimum Harvest Time On Andropogon Gayanus Ciat 621, Yolanda Gonzales, F Mendoza
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The seed harvest of Andropogon gayanus is obstructed by inherent characteristics of the cultivar such as the flowering distribution and the notably absence of uniformity of its flowering and maturity ; therefore, it is necessary to determine precisely the optimum harvest time which will be the objective of this study.
The Effect Of Fungicide Application On Seed Yield Of Dactylis Glomerata,
2025
Oregon State University
The Effect Of Fungicide Application On Seed Yield Of Dactylis Glomerata, R E. Welty
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Leaf diseases of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) caused by Mastigosporium rubricosum (Dearn. and Barth.) Nannf. (eyespot), Rhyncosporium orthosporum Caldwell (scald), and Cercosporidium (Scolecotrichum) graminis Fckl. (leaf streak) are widely distributed in the seed-producing area in Oregon (Sprague, 1950). These diseases may occur alone or in combination and are more severe when weather is cool and wet. Symptoms develop in February and can extend through June. In most years, all three diseases can be found on individual plants in April and May. The diseases cause premature death of leaves, but not defoliation. When severe on the upper leaves (the flag …
Fungicide Effect On Temperate Forage Grasses,
2025
DSIR
Fungicide Effect On Temperate Forage Grasses, M P. Rolston, J G. Hampton, M D. Hare, R E. Falloon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The traditional use of fungicides in temperate forage grass seed crops has been for the control of diseases. However, in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seed crops, fungicides applied close to anthesis have increased seed yields even where the incidence· of leaf pathogens was low (Hampton and Hebblethwaithe, 1984, 1985; Hampton et al., 1985). The response was attributed to increased leaf area duration by delaying the senescence of photosynthetic tissue. In another trial in which levels of stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers) were low, fungicides also increased perennial ryegrass seed yield. The response was associated with both disease …
Effect Of Fungicides On Perennial Ryegrass Seed Production,
2025
PAGV
Effect Of Fungicides On Perennial Ryegrass Seed Production, G H. Horeman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Significant seed yield increases were obtained (Hampton and Hebblethwaite, 1984) to fungicide application before ear emergence only, but the effects of fungal pathogens on the rye grass seed crop could not be assessed. After application of _ propiconazol before anthesis significant seed yield increases were obtained, even in absence of fungal pathogens (Horeman 1987). In this paper results of two experiments are presented. The aim was to investigate whether yield increases after fungicide application is consistent over the years and to find an explanation for these increases.
Breeding In Progress For Seed Retention In Orchardgrass (Dactylis Glomereata L.),
2025
University of Kentucky
Breeding In Progress For Seed Retention In Orchardgrass (Dactylis Glomereata L.), M Falcinelli, V Negri, F Veronesi
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
As is well known, orchardgrass seeds do not mature and ripen uniformly and early maturing seeds frequently shatter before late developing ones mature. Consequently, in seed crops, high losses can either be due to early'harvesting resulting in an excess of light seeds, or to delayed harvesting resulting in seed shattering. Several agronomic strategies are used by seed producers to minimize seed losses, but the additional costs involved have limited their adoption. Previous papers (Falcinelli et al., 1983 ; 1984) have reported that many populations of D. glomerata from Southern Italy and some populations from Central Italy showed no seed shattering …
Effect Of Frost On Panicle Production In Dactylis Glomerata,
2025
Finnish Agricultural Research Centre
Effect Of Frost On Panicle Production In Dactylis Glomerata, O T. Niemelainen
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The average seed yield of cocksfoot in Finland is small. The panicle formation has often been poor although the stand has otherwise been in good condition. In the present study the importance of early summer frost on the failure of panicle formation in cocksfoot was studied. The cold tolerance of cocksfoot has been observed to be poor compared to other perennial grasses (Gudleifsson et al., 1986). The sensitivity of cocksfoot to frost during the growing season was observed in the experiment of Nikolaevskaya (1973) where a frost treatment at flowering stage of cocksfoot completely destroyed the caryopses. Results of experiments …
A Comparison Of Rhizome And Seed Propagation Of Three Grasses Of Nei Mongol: Chinese Wildrye, Tender Pennisteum And Reedlike Foxtail,
2025
Nei Mongol Academy of Animal Science,
A Comparison Of Rhizome And Seed Propagation Of Three Grasses Of Nei Mongol: Chinese Wildrye, Tender Pennisteum And Reedlike Foxtail, Na Sen, Lee Yan Qin, Su Xiao Lin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
China is making great efforts to re-vegetate and improve her rangelands. In Inner Mongolia, improvement and expansion of the rangeland base is necessary to meet the needs of a flourishing local livestock industry, and growing demand for livestock products (including draft animals) in China as a whole. But the harsh growing conditions in this cold, dry and windy steppe country make seedling establishment difficult, and propagation with seed is risky at best. Methods of grassland propagation that minimize this risk, reduce the rest period after planting, and result in a more productive range will aid the revegetation effort considerably, and …
The Effect Of Megachilla Rotundata On The Yield And Qualitative Characters Of Alfalfa Seed,
2025
PKB Institute for Field Crop Farming
The Effect Of Megachilla Rotundata On The Yield And Qualitative Characters Of Alfalfa Seed, B Radenovic, S Starcevic
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The increasing use of insecticides in the Yugoslav agriculture, ploughing of meadows and pastures and the expansion of areas under alfalfa grown for seed have resulted in the reduction of useful entomofauna and thus also in the decline of yields of alfalfa seed due to the reduced number of pollinators. This was first indicated upon in the United States, by Knowels, 1943, and in Yugoslavia, it was pointed out by Bosnjak, 1978 and Radenovic and Starcevic, 1982. All these authors agree that there is a positive correlation between the number of Megachillidae, the number of open flowers and embryos. According …
Determination De L’Effet Du Phosphore Et Des Intervallets D’Irrigation Sur La Production De Graines De Trefle Bersim En Iran,
2025
lnstitut d'Amelioration des Plantes,
Determination De L’Effet Du Phosphore Et Des Intervallets D’Irrigation Sur La Production De Graines De Trefle Bersim En Iran, A Vaez Zadeh
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
La culture du trefle Bersim (Trifolium alexandrinum) devient de plus en plus importante en Iran. Elle est pratiquee dans les rizieres apres la recolte du riz. Aujourd'hui, cette culture s'etend sur 40.000 ha et la production atteint 500.000 tonnes de foin sec, soit un rendement moyen de 12.5 t/ha. Le ministere de !'Agriculture developpe un important programme pour augmenter la superficie jusqu'a 200.000 ha. Ceci correspondra a la moitie de toutes Jes rizieres. La culture du trefle Bersim s'est fortement developpee pendant ces dernieres annees en Iran: la superficie a augmente de 578,5 ha en 1982 a 39.500 …
Seed Yield, Fodder Yield And Persistence In White Clover Cvs Of Different Origins. Results Of Trials Conducted At Lodi (Irrigated Po Valley),
2025
Experimental Institute of Fodder Crops
Seed Yield, Fodder Yield And Persistence In White Clover Cvs Of Different Origins. Results Of Trials Conducted At Lodi (Irrigated Po Valley), R Paoletti, C Locattello
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover is the most important pasture legume in many EEC countries (white clover-ryegrass pasture system) and a good component of permanent and rotated polyphytic meadows in North Italy (irrigated Po Valley where the Ladino subspecies developed through self selection). The main characteristics of the species are N2 fixation and high nutritional value (quality). Therefore, white clover seed usage in the EEC is expected to still be important in the next decades. A number of performing varieties have recently been developed by EEC Research Institutes. An assessment of their seed production potential is necessary in view of self-sufficiency and consequent …
