Plant Pathology Commons^™

Predicting The Yield Potential Of Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.) Genotypes Across India Through G X E Analysis, C. Babu, K. Iyanar, A. Kalamani

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A native of Africa, Guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) was introduced to almost all tropical countries as a source of animal fodder. It is an ideal forage plant being perennial in growth habit, grows well on a wide variety of soils and tolerant of shade and fire, but not to water logging or severe drought. It also responds quickly to fertilizer and watering. Because of these desirable features, guinea grass is well established throughout tropical countries of both hemispheres where it plays an important role in dairy production.

Owing to the cultivation of this crop in varied agro-climatic conditions …

Genetic Divergence In Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.), B. P. Sudrik, Mareen Abraham, Usha C. Thomas

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Guinea grass is ideal forage crop and grows well on a wide variety of soil and even under light shade of tree and bushes and can survive long dry spell and quick moving fires which does not harm underground root. In order to improve productivity, adaptability and quality of Guinea grass, it is important to understand the genetic diversity which exists in the population which also helps in their conservation and germplasm management (Tiwari and Chandra, 2010). The present study was undertaken to estimate the amount of diversity among 37 germplasm accessions (Panicum maximum Jacq.) and to identify diverse …

Collecting Genetic Resources Of Major Forage Grasses In India: Progress And Future Strategies, Sudhir Pal Ahlawat, K. Pradheep

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Indian gene centre possesses rich genetic and species diversity in native forage grasses (1256 spp.), as about one third of them, chiefly belonging to the tribes namely Andropogoneae, Paniceae and Eragrostideae, are of forage importance (Handbook of Agriculture, 2009). Forage grasses are important source of livestock feed. Collecting genetic diversity in major native forage species, occurring in both wild (mostly in rangelands) and cultivated state, is of paramount importance in conservation and use. Considerable genetic variability has also been generated in some introduced forages (e.g. Panicum maximum, Brachiaria spp.) as a result of repeated introductions followed by acclimatization due to …

Quality Of Fodder Cowpea Varieties As Influenced By Soil Moisture Stress Levels, S. Lakshmi, M. R. Anita

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A serious drawback of sustainable livestock production system in Kerala is the inadequate seasonal distribution of fodder production. The quantity and quality of herbage available in the lean dry months from January to May is very low. Therefore it is imperative to develop a fodder production system that increases the availability and improves the quality of herbage in the dry summer months. Fodder cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is a legume inherently more tolerant to drought than other fodder legumes (Fatokun et al., 2009) and considered as a crop capable of improving sustainability of livestock production through its …

Molecular Diversity In Sewan Grass (Lasiurus Sindicus Henr.): A Natural Inhabitant Of Hot Arid Ecosystem Of Thar Desert, Rajwant K. Kalia, R. K. Bhatt, Ramavtar Sharma, M. P. Rajora, Rama Dadheech

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Lasiurus sindicus Henr., locally known as “Sewan”, a member of family poaceae, is a tufted perennial, forming a more or less oblique and woody rhizomatous rootstock with many shoots arising from the base, often appearing almost bushy. This grass has developed a number of morphological, anatomical and biochemical strategies to withstand the extreme climatic conditions. The leaves show characteristic C₄ NADP-ME type of anatomy and have developed sclerenchyma to impart mechanical strength during drought and high wind. Sewan is a dominating grass species of Dichanthium-Cenchrus–Lasiurus type grass lands of hot arid ecosystem of Great Indian Desert, covering western Rajasthan …

Legumes Of Forage Value: Their Diversity And Priority For Collection In India, E. Roshini Nayar, Anjula Panndey, K. Pradheep, Rita Gupta

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Indian subcontinent is a megacentre of agro-diversity. Legumes have a special place with several native crops and economically important species occurring along forest margins and openings, pastures, grasslands and grazing lands. Several are dual-purpose species for food and feed. However, herbage legumes though major components of grasslands and with a major role in their quality and improvement lack persistence as compared to grasses and their collection, maintenance and conservation assumes importance in the wake of change and loss of habitats of native species and introduction of new germplasm with forage potential. Establishing the correct identity of species is therefore a …

Phenotypic Variability Of Cenchrus Ciliaris L. Germplasm In Field Gene Bank, C. S. Shantharaja, R. K. Bhatt, M. P. Rajora

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The world faces a continual need to increase forage crop productivity, and to develop new varieties more adapted to changing environmental and biological challenges, and evolving needs of Local communities. One of the main reasons for under-utilization of germplasm, according to curators, breeders and other users of plant genetic resources, is the lack of adequate passport, characterization and evaluation data (Biodiversity International, 2007). Buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) is a C₄ perennial grass of arid lands distributed over hotter and drier parts of India, Mediterranean region and tropical and southern Africa. This forage grass is under the focus …

Genetic Variability In Sorghum Exotic Accessions For Nutritional Attributes And Methane Emission Potential, Sultan Singh, D. C. Joshi, R. V. Kumar

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Sorghum an important fodder crop grown for multiple uses as fodder, food and fuel constitute major chunk of forage produced in India. Over the past years Indian farmer’s preference to dual purpose sorghum has changed. Introduction of dual-purpose sorghum varieties to sustain rural development, enhance renewable energy production and improve food security has been stressed Genetic variability of sorghum may be exploited to bred dual purpose hybrids/varieties for higher fodder yield without compromising grain yield.Substantial variations in the fodder value of sorghum stovers have been reported that supports the concept of genetic enhancement to improve dual-purpose sorghum cultivars. Under the …

Genetic Variability In Candidate Plus Trees Of Acacia Nilotica--An Important Fodder Tree Under Agroforestry System, S. Vimala Devi, Vishal Singh, A. K. Handa, A. Datta, A. R. Uthappa

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The realization of the effects of climate change redirected the focus on agroforestry, which deals with the management of land use system for increased sustainability. Enhancement of fodder production per unit area per unit time is essential to meet the demand from livestock sector for which different land use systems are being developed. Acacia nilotica is one of the important agroforestry species which fits into in silvipastoral system under agroforestry, in arid and semi-arid regions. It is known as babool, kikkar or Indian gum arabic, which has ability to improve nitrogen content of soil through its interaction with symbiotic bacteria …

Genetic Evaluation Of Leucaena Genotypes In Bundelkhand Region Of Central India, A. R. Uthappa, Sangram Bhanudas Chavan, V. K. Gupta, S. K. Dhyani, A. K. Handa, S. Vimala Devi, K. B. Sridhar

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

During the 1970s and 1980s, Leucaena was known as the “miracle tree” native to Central America and Mexico, because of its worldwide success as a long-lived and highly nutritious forage tree. It is estimated to cover 2-5 million ha area worldwide. The genus Leucaena is one of the most widely grown tropical fodder trees and is the subject of extensive research. This is mainly due to its long life span; high productivity even under regular defoliation; its adaptation to wide climatic and edaphic tolerances; excellent palatability and digestibility and many uses including wood for timber and fuel wood. The species …

Genetic Diversity Of Genus Avena In North Western-Himalayas Assessed By Morphological Traits, V. K. Sood, Indu Rana, Aditi Sharma, Rajan Katoch, H. K. Chaudhary, Waseem Hussain

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Oat (Avena sativa L.) is a cool season, annual crop grown mainly in moist areas of temperate climates of the world serving as a food for mankind and forage for cattle. Oat is an important rabi fodder crop in India.In India, oat is also cultivated in Himalayan states like Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. Oat in these regions have a wider adaptability, because of its excellent growing habitat, quick re-growth and better nutritional value (Misri, 2004). Oat breeding programme in Indian regions has not achieved much impetus due to a narrow genetic base of cultivated gene pool within the …

Wild Halophyte Plants As Potential Fodder Resource Under Extreme Saline Environment Of Kachchh, Gujarat, India, Shamsudheen Mangalassery, Devi Dayal, A. K. Mishra, Sachin Patel, Nisha Goswami

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Rann of Kachchh in North West India is a unique saline marshy desert. It is described as "a desolate area of unrelieved, sun-baked saline clay desert, shimmering with the images of a perpetual mirage"(Mountfort et al., 1991) and is regarded as the largest salt desert in the world. In the Indian part it stretches in 7505.22 sq. km known as Great Rann and 4,953 sq. km known as Little Rann. The Ranns turns into marshy land by inundated water from runoff during monsoonal rainfall and water driven by forces of winds and tides from Arabian Sea making the area unapproachable …

Est-Ssrs Provide A Good Measure Of Genetic Diversity For Improvement Of Gum Content In Cluster Bean, Neha Wadhwa, Aditi, Udai Narayan Joshi, Neelam R. Yadav

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub., commonly known as guar is an important multipurpose arid leguminous crop of India, mainly cultivated in north-western parts of India. The pods of the guar plant grow in clusters giving guar the common name of clusterbean. It is mainly grown for feed, green fodder, vegetable and green manuring. Its seeds are also an important source of galactomannan (guar gum) which is used as a food ingredient and more recently as a neutraceutical. Guar gum is also having pharmaceutical importance and found to be effective in osteoarthritis, as artificial cervical mucus and for anticancer medicine in the …

Role Of Panicum Turgidum Dominated Rangelands In Conservation Of Caralluma Edulis In Thar Desert, India, Kulloli Ravikiran Ningappa, Suresh Kumar, J. P. Singha

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Rangelands are colonized vast natural landscapes in the form of grasslands. These are mostly dominated by native grass species. Once a patch is colonized by a pioneer species, complex interactions may develop among plants of different species. The frequency of positive interactions has been shown to be high in harsh environments, particular in arid environments, where it has been identified as a driving mechanism of vegetation dynamics (Bruno et al., 2003). These processes commonly involve nurse plants (Niering et al., 1963) that facilitate the establishment of other plants species beneath their canopies (Franco and Nobel, 1988). Based on …

Genetic Diversity Analysis Of Mutant Lines Of Oat (Avena Sativa L.) Based On Rapd And Issr Analysis, Anoop Kumar Mehta, M. H. Basha, V. K. Gour, M. Neeta, S. K. Biliaya, Satish Kachare

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The genus Avena belongs to the grass family Poaceae and has ploidy levels of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid with basic chromosome number of 7 (n=7). Oat (Avena sativa L.) is one of the most important forage and feed crops of the world. Oat is used as green fodder, straw, hay or silage. Oat grain makes a good balanced concentrate in the rations for poultry, cattle, sheep and other animals. Green fodder contains about 10 to 13% protein and 30 to 35% dry matter. Despite being high fed fodder crop, it is now gaining importance as food due to its …

Genetic Diversity And Relationship Among 19 Accessions Of Sorghum-Sudangrass Hybrids As Revealed By Ssr Markers, Qiuwen Zhan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and sudangrass (S. sudanense) are two members of the agriculturally important genus Sorghum. Hybrids of these two species have exhibited favorable forage yields and overall improved quality and disease resistance (Zhan and Qian, 2004). Sorghum–sudangrass hybrids (Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense) are used as a forage crop and recommended as an alternative to corn in USA (Kilcer et al., 2003). In recent years, the planting areas of sorghum–sudangrass hybrids have increased in China. SSR has been widely employed in crop germplasm identification, genetic mapping and diversity analysis (Zhan et al …

Genetic Resources For The Improvement Of Switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum L.) For Biomass And Forage, Gautam Sarath, Nathan A. Palmer, Aaron J. Saathoff, Robert B. Mitchell, Serge Edme, Erin D. Scully, Scott E. Sattler

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an important forage and biomass species for many parts of the USA. Switchgrass can be of several ploidies. Octoploid cultivars are most often used in forage and conservation settings, while the tetraploid cultivars are mostly targeted for bioenergy end-uses, due to their higher biomass yields. Switchgrass populations also occur as upland and lowland ecotypes, and constitute different heterotic groups. Switchgrass is mostly an obligate outcrosser resulting in substantial genotypic and phenotypic variation within populations. In the last ~15 years, significant resources have been dedicated to both breeding and understanding the genomic makeup of this …

Genetic Improvement And Conservation Of Range And Forage Species Of Arid Region Of Rajasthan State Of India: Achievements And Challenges, Surendra Singh Shekhawat

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Forage crops and grasses are important in arid region of Rajasthan state of India because most of the area is rainfed. Main occupation of the farmers in the area is animal husbandry. Important green fodder crops of this region are, viz. pearl millet, cowpea, cluster bean and sorghum in Kharif season and oats, lucerne and barley (dual purpose) during Rabi season. Three perennial fodder grasses, viz. Lasiurus sindicus, Cenchrus ciliaris and Cenchrus setigerus are important in the region. Guinea grass and bajra x napier hybrid can also be cultivated where sufficient water is available throughout the year from canal …

Morphological Variability Potential Of Cenchrus Ciliaris L. Ecotypes On Their Phytochemical Substances And Antibacterial Activities, Dorai Pandian Kannan, S. Bagam Priyal

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Ecotypes are population of same species with different races, which is adapted to local environment Different ecotypes of a particular species may differ in their edaphic, biotic or microclimatic requirements (Linhart and Grant, 1996; Eppela et al., 2013) and such adaptation either become irreversible or genetically fixed variations. Cenchrus ciliaris L. (Tam: kollukottaipul, Eng. buffel grass, Sans: anjan grass) is a grass belonging to the family Poaceae and ephemeral in nature. In this species, habitat plays a significant role in the formation of ecotypes and several ecotypes are found in Cenchrus ciliaris L. including with varying …

Subcellular Localization Of Tobacco Sabp2 Under Normal And Stress Conditions, Sanjeev Das

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Subcellular Localization of Tobacco SABP2 under Normal and Stress Conditions

Salicylic acid (SA), a phytohormone, plays an important role in plant physiology. SA mediated innate immune pathway is an important pathway for plant immunity against pathogens. Plants resisting pathogen infection synthesize higher levels of Methyl Salicylate (MeSA), which is then converted to SA by the esterase activity of Salicylic Acid Binding Protein 2 (SABP2). The high level of the converted SA leads to enhanced pathogen resistance. The study of subcellular localization of a protein is critical in explaining its potential biochemical functions. SABP2 tagged with eGFP was expressed transiently in …