Comparison Of Four Maize Cultivars (Zea Mays L.) As Winter Forage In Sudan,
2021
Directorate of Range and Pasture, Sudan
Comparison Of Four Maize Cultivars (Zea Mays L.) As Winter Forage In Sudan, Rihab El Zubair
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Winter forage availability in Sudan is constrained by lack of a suitable annual winter forage crop. The main forage crop grown is Abu70 (Sorghum bicolor) which is a summer crop that yields 7.6-8.4 t/ha in summer but much less in winter. There is, therefore, need for a winter high yielding forage crop that exceeds Abu70 in productivity and quality. This study was aimed to evaluate four forage maize cultivars as potential winter crops in central Sudan in terms of productivity and quality. An experiment was conducted using four maize forage cultivars. The experiment lasted for two consecutive seasons …
Nitrogen Options To Increase Yields For Stockpiling Cool Season Grass In Eastern Ohio, Usa,
2021
The Ohio State University
Nitrogen Options To Increase Yields For Stockpiling Cool Season Grass In Eastern Ohio, Usa, C. D. Penrose, J. S. Mccutcheon, D. F. Lima, T. G. Wiseman, M. A. Landefeld
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Stockpiling cool season grass for grazing in the fall and winter is an option to extend the grazing season. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of yield and quality by adding urea, urea with Agrotain®, and ammonium sulfate to cool season grasses, primarily fescue and orchardgrass. This was the third year of the three location study in Southeast Ohio. Each location had a randomized complete block design with four treatments (control, 112 kg urea ha-1, 112 kg urea ha-1 plus Agrotain®, and 245.5 kg ammonium sulfate ha-1) and four replications of …
Title Evaluation Of Yields And Nutritive Composition Of Dual Purpose Sweet Potato Vine Cultivars For Forage Use,
2021
Kenya Agricultural Research and Livestock Organization, Kenya
Title Evaluation Of Yields And Nutritive Composition Of Dual Purpose Sweet Potato Vine Cultivars For Forage Use, R. S. Kenana, A. I. Hoka, N. Ondabu, F. Ondabu, J. Mercy
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The sweet potato vine (SPV) is a widely grown but underutilized feed resource for livestock. The vines have desirable characteristics suitable for fodder production due to high contents of protein and digestible energy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and nutritive composition of five dual purpose cultivars based on vine production for forage use. The experimental design was arranged in randomized complete block design where six cultivars of sweet potato were established in plots of 2.5m x 2.5m in three replicates. The cultivars used were; Kenspot 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. An improved forage type …
Diet Selection By Goats At Kalemando, North Darfur, Sudan,
2021
University of Zalingei, Sudan
Diet Selection By Goats At Kalemando, North Darfur, Sudan, Abdelrahim I. H. Mansoor, Babo Fadlalla
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Pressure on rangelands of Sudan has increased in the last few decades due to increase in human population and in animal numbers. The rangelands were also impacted by climate change, desertification, agricultural expansion, mining, and overgrazing. Decreased amounts of rainfall have impoverished the natural rangelands. Goats are capable of grazing on semi-desert regions characterized by low rainfall and scarce grazing plants. It is therefore necessary to know and enhance plant species preferred by goats to properly manage the rangelands. The present study was conducted at Kalemando, North Darfur State during the rainy season of year 2017 when most plants were …
Smallholder Farmer Seed Production Of Mulato Ii Hybrid Brachiaria In Thailand And Laos - Bringing Quality Forage Seeds Home To Africa,
2021
Ubon Forage Seeds Co. Ltd., Thailand
Smallholder Farmer Seed Production Of Mulato Ii Hybrid Brachiaria In Thailand And Laos - Bringing Quality Forage Seeds Home To Africa, M. D. Hare
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Seeds of Mulato II hybrid brachiaria [Urochloa ruziziensis (syn. Brachiaria ruziziensis) x U. brizantha (syn. B. brizantha) x U. decumbens (syn, B.decumbens)] produced by smallholder farmers in villages in northeast Thailand and northern Laos, under contract to Ubon Forage Seeds Co. Ltd, a tropical forage seed company in Thailand, have come home to Africa. Since 2012, over 20,000 kg of Mulato II seed have been exported from Thailand to Kenya. The seed is hand-harvested from seed-heads in Laos and by hand-sweeping the seed from the ground in Thailand. The farmers semi-clean the seed in the field …
Induction Of Tetraploid Ruzigrass (Brachiaria Ruziziensis) By Colchicine And Possibility Of Using Seed Weight As Screening Method,
2021
Nakhonratchasima Animal Nutrition Research and Development Center, Thailand
Induction Of Tetraploid Ruzigrass (Brachiaria Ruziziensis) By Colchicine And Possibility Of Using Seed Weight As Screening Method, R. Poungkaew, Y. Mangpung, J. Arananant, P. Chuchuay, S. Thaikua, P. Chanpeng
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Tetraploid ruzigrass (Brachiaria ruziziensis) have been obtained by colchicine treatment of in vitro apical meristems and embryogenic calli. The colchicine treatment consisted of culturing apical meristem on MS basal medium containing 6.0 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.05-0.20% colchicine for 8, 14, 20 and 26 h. After treated by colchicine, apical meristems were transferred onto former medium without colchicine for 4 weeks. Surviving apical meristems were induced multiple roots on MS basal medium containing 2.0 mg L-1 BAP. The ploidy level of plants after colchicine treatment was determined by flow cytometry. Apical meristems treated with 0.05% …
Growth Performance And Yield Of Three Brachiaria Cultivars Subjected To Different Eco-Climatic Zones Of Tanzania,
2021
Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania
Growth Performance And Yield Of Three Brachiaria Cultivars Subjected To Different Eco-Climatic Zones Of Tanzania, Ismail S. Selemani
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Replacement of high quality (perennial forage) with low quality (annual forage) due to the effects of climate change has resulted into low milk production in Tanzania to 4.5L which is below the genetic potential of producing at least 15L of milk per cow per day. Though high yield fodder grasses such as Brachiaria have been recommended as climate smart fodder grass, little information has been documented in Tanzania particularly with respect to the growth performance of these grasses across different eco-climatic zones. The current study determine the performance and yield of three cultivars of Brachiaria (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piata, …
Differences In Urochloa Hybrids And Cultivars Biomass Production In Several Sites In Western Kenya,
2021
International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Kenya
Differences In Urochloa Hybrids And Cultivars Biomass Production In Several Sites In Western Kenya, S. Mwendia, A. O. Notenbaert, D. M. Mwangi, R. Odhiambo, I. Ogutu, A. Juma
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Forage production is at the core of improved livestock productivity, especially in sub Saharan Africa. The genetic potential of existing animals remains underutilized due to limited forage quality and quantity. Albeit wide range of forage germplasm that exists, little data is available for identifying suitable genotypes, matched to specific environments and production systems. Due to the spatial and temporal diverse environments in which livestock production happens, multi-locational screening of forage production and characterizing genotype by environment interaction is key. We selected seven Urochloa (Syn. Brachiaria) genotypes comprising three hybrids and four cultivars and established them in on-farm trials in …
Identification And Analysis Of Flowering Time Candidate Genes Of Dactylis Glomerata L.,
2021
Sichuan Agricultural University, China
Identification And Analysis Of Flowering Time Candidate Genes Of Dactylis Glomerata L., X. Q. Zhang, G. Y. Feng, L. K. Huang, X. X. Zhao, Z. F. Yang
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is an important forage grass for cultivating livestock worldwide. Heading date is a surrogate measure of flowering time and is strongly correlated with the yield and quality of forage grasses. Here, we identified 210 flowering-related genes in orchardgrass by BLASTP. In addition, our integrated analysis of transcriptome, quantitative trait locus (QTL), and bulked segregant analysis (BSA) provided insights into the genetic network regulating flowering time. The results revealed that four main candidate genes may participate in flowering time control, including one FT-like gene and three MADS-box genes. Expression investigation between the early-flowering and late-flowering phenotype …
Brs Quênia And Brs Tamani: New Panicum Maximum Jacq. Hybrid Cultivars In Brazil,
2021
EMBRAPA, Brazil
Brs Quênia And Brs Tamani: New Panicum Maximum Jacq. Hybrid Cultivars In Brazil, Liana Jank, C. M. S. De Andrade, Giovana A. Maciel, Rodrigo A. Barbosa, Gustavo J. Braga, Manuel C. M. Macedo, José R. Valério, Jaqueline R. Verzignassi, A. H. Zimmer, Celso D. Fernandes, M. F. Santos, Rosangela M. Simeão
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Since 1982 Embrapa Beef Catle in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil, develops a Panicum maximum Jacq. breeding program, based on the germplasm collected and assembled by IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Developpment) and received through a cooperation-agreement with IRD. The germplasm was evaluated and four cultivars were released directly from the germplasm: cultivars Tanzania, Mombaça, Massai and BRS Zuri. Breeding began in 1990 and involved crosses between sexual plants and selected apomictic accessions. The program consists of evaluation followed by selection of hybrids in plots with replications, evaluation of the selected hybrids in national network experiments in diverse regions and …
Nutritional Characteristics Of Brachiaria Ruziziensis (Germain & Evrard) Subjected To Different Doses Of Gamma Rays,
2021
Kenya Agricultural Research and Livestock Organization, Kenya
Nutritional Characteristics Of Brachiaria Ruziziensis (Germain & Evrard) Subjected To Different Doses Of Gamma Rays, A. I. Hoka, M. Gicheru, S. Otieno
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Appropriate methods of mutation induction are of high importance in pastures for increased genetic variability and improved forage performance. The objective of this research was to improve agronomic and nutritive performance of mutant lines through induced mutagenesis to seeds of a local landrace Brachiaria ruziziensis. The seeds were irradiated with 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40Gy doses of gamma radiation from Cobalt 60 (60Co). Treatments were; KE 0Gy, KE 10Gy, KE 20Gy, KE 30Gy, and KE 40Gy resulting into M1 seeds. The seeds were planted in the greenhouse in germination pots then transplanted to the field. Seeds …
Soil Microbial Carbon, Nitrate And Ammonium Nitrogen Dynamics In Urochloa Grass Cultivated In Sub-Humid Kenya,
2021
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation, Kenya
Soil Microbial Carbon, Nitrate And Ammonium Nitrogen Dynamics In Urochloa Grass Cultivated In Sub-Humid Kenya, K. W. Ndung’U-Magiroi, M. N. Koech, M. C. Mutoko, M. Kamidi, Elias M. Gichangi, Donald M. G. Njarui
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A study was conducted to monitor the dynamics of available soil phosphorus (P), soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), nitrogen (SMBN), ammonium and nitrate nitrogen under seven Urochloa grass cultivars at Kitale, Kenya. The Urochloa cultivars: Urochloa brizantha cvs. Marandu, MG-4, Piata, Xaraes, U. decumbens cv. Basilisk, U. hybrid cv. Mulato II and U. humidicola cv. Llanero was compared with two popularly grown forages, Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana cv. KAT R3), Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. KK1) and annual weeds. The treatments were tested in a randomized complete block design arranged in a split plot treatment structure with two …
Productivity And Nutritive Value Of Urochloa Grass Cultivars In Semi-Arid Tropical Kenya,
2021
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation, Kenya
Productivity And Nutritive Value Of Urochloa Grass Cultivars In Semi-Arid Tropical Kenya, Donald M. G. Njarui, Mwangi Gatheru
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
There is increasing demand for high yielding and nutritious forages to meet the growing dairy farming in semi-arid Kenya. The productivity and nutritive value of seven Urochloa grass cultivars (Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk, U. brizantha cvs. Marandu, MG4, Piatá and Xaraes, U. humidicola cv. Llanero and U. hybrid cv. Mulato II) were evaluated in two diverse semi-arid environments, Katumani and Ithookwe in Kenya. At Katumani, the dry matter (DM) yield (5000 - 7500 kg/ha) was highest during the first harvest during the long rains (LR) 2014 season. Dry matter yield declined progressively with season and in the third season …
Participatory Evaluation And Selection Of Improved Urochloa Grass Cultivars In Kenya,
2021
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation, Kenya
Participatory Evaluation And Selection Of Improved Urochloa Grass Cultivars In Kenya, Mwangi Gatheru, C. N. Ondiko, W. Ayako, M. C. Mutoko, Elias M. Gichangi, Donald M. G. Njarui
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Low adoption of superior agricultural technologies has been attributed to insufficient attention given to farmers’ priorities and perceptions while developing technologies. There is therefore a need to involve farmers in development of new forage technologies in order to increase adoption. Participatory variety selection (PVS) was conducted on eight Urochloa grass cultivars in the coastal lowlands, eastern midlands, central highlands and northwestern highlands of Kenya to select cultivars that are more adaptable in each region. The eight Urochloa cultivars; U. brizantha cvs. Marandu, Xaraes, Piatã, MG4, U. decumbens cv. Basilisk, U. humidicola cvs. Llanero and Humidicola, and U. hybrid cv. Mulato …
Milk Yield Of Dairy Cattle Fed Common Urochloa Grass In Kenya,
2021
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation, Kenya
Milk Yield Of Dairy Cattle Fed Common Urochloa Grass In Kenya, R. W. Muinga, Michael N. Njunie, Mwangi Gatheru, Donald M. G. Njarui
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Urochloa grass mainly grown in South America, East Asia and Australia has its origin in East and Central Africa. Its success in South America for animal production triggered interest in Kenya where the main forage species Napier grass was threatened by head smut and stunt diseases. Therefore, a study was carried out at Mtwapa research station in the coastal lowlands of Kenya under controlled condition to compare the lactation performance of dairy cattle fed on Urochloa hybrid cv. Mulato II, U. decumbens cv. Basilisk, U. brizantha cvs. Piata, MG-4 and Xaraes with Napier grass. An on-farm participatory study was conducted …
Growth And Yield Evaluation Of Urochloa Grass Cultivars In Sub-Humid Region Of Kenya,
2021
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kenya
Growth And Yield Evaluation Of Urochloa Grass Cultivars In Sub-Humid Region Of Kenya, M. N. Kifuko-Koech, K. W. Ndung’U-Magiroi, M. C. Mutoko, M. Kamidi, Donald M. G. Njarui
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Livestock production in sub humid region of Kenya is constrained by inadequate and low quality pasture. A study was conducted to evaluate growth and productivity of eight improved Urochloa grass cultivars in lower midlands, upper midlands and lower highlands agro-ecological zones (AEZ) in Eldoret, Kitale and Alupe respectively, western Kenya. The grass cultivars were; Urochloa brizantha cvs. Marandu, Xaraes, Piata, and MG-4, U. decumbens, cv. Basilisk, U. humidicola cvs. Humidicola and Llanero and Urochloa hybrid cv. Mulato II. Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) and Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Kakamega 1) were included as controls. At establishment …
Feed Intake And Liveweight Gain Of Goats Fed Urochloa Grass,
2021
South Eastern Kenya University, Kenya
Feed Intake And Liveweight Gain Of Goats Fed Urochloa Grass, P. M. Ngila, Donald M. G. Njarui, Michael N. Njunie
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Crude protein and digestible dry matter are the most important components of a feed and determine animal performance. The natural pastures in Kenya are prone to great seasonal and spatial fluctuation in both quality and quantity. Consequently, there was need to explore other nutritious alternative feeds. Sixteen growing male Galla goats weighing 10 - 24 kg were used in a twelve weeks feeding trial in the coastal lowlands of Kenya. They were randomly allocated four grass diets consisting of Urochloa brizantha cvs. Piata and MG4, U. hybrid cv. Mulato II and Chloris gayana (Rhodes grass), which was used as the …
Climate Smart Urochloa Grasses Improves Soil Health In The Semi-Arid Tropics Of Kenya,
2021
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation, Kenya
Climate Smart Urochloa Grasses Improves Soil Health In The Semi-Arid Tropics Of Kenya, Elias M. Gichangi, Donald M. G. Njarui, Mwangi Gatheru
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The measurement of soil aggregates stability and soil microbial biomass can be used as an early indicator of long-term changes in soil quality. A study was conducted to quantify the amounts of shoots and roots biomass of Urochloa grass cultivars (commonly known as Brachiaria) and their effects on changes in the size distribution and stability of soil aggregates and on microbial biomass carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in a structurally unstable sandy loam soil at Ithookwe and Katumani in semi-arid tropical Kenya. The Urochloa grass cultivars included Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk, U. brizantha cvs Marandu, MG-4, Piatã and …
Warm-Season Legumes – Challenges And Constraints To Adapting Warm-Season Legumes To Transition Zone Climates With Examples From Arachis,
2021
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Brazil
Warm-Season Legumes – Challenges And Constraints To Adapting Warm-Season Legumes To Transition Zone Climates With Examples From Arachis, G. M. L. Assis, José C. B. Dubeux Jr.
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grass pastures in monoculture are the predominant system in transition zone climates, where warm-season perennial grasses are usually cultivated. Mixed grass-legume pastures are worldwide recognized for having advantages over pure stands, including pasture longevity, N input from biological fixation, efficient nutrient cycling, and greater animal production. The genus Arachis encompasses important and successful warm-season forage legume species cultivated in mixed pastures or in pure stands. Arachis pintoi and Arachis glabrata are potential tropical forage species that can be used in transition zone climates. Mixed pastures with these legumes have been shown to be resilient systems, able to withstand short-term perturbations, …
Temperate/Tropical Transition Zones: A Hotspot For Breeding Forages With Climate Resiliency,
2021
University of Florida
Temperate/Tropical Transition Zones: A Hotspot For Breeding Forages With Climate Resiliency, Kenneth H. Quesenberry, Esteban F. Rios, Kevin E. Kenworthy
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Species resiliency to climate change is critical for sustainability of grassland agricultural systems. Transition zones between temperate and tropical climates (between 27 and 31° N and S latitude) with variable annual frost/freeze events have proven to be ideal zones for identification of species with variable climate adaptation. This paper will identify these regions around the globe and show how these regions offer distinct advantages in terms of selection for abiotic and biotic stresses, and thus resiliency to changing climate. Programs located in these regions have the advantage of exposure to alternating extreme warm and cold temperatures, drought and flood conditions, …
