Evolution Of Selection Techniques In Breeding For Bloat-Safe Alfalfa,
2026
Agricultural Canada
Evolution Of Selection Techniques In Breeding For Bloat-Safe Alfalfa, B P. Goplen, R E. Howarth, G L. Lees, W Majak, J P. Fay, K J. Cheng
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This report summarizes the Canadian breeding program to develop a bloat-safe alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). This program has experienced an evolution of selection methods in attempting to identify bloat-safe alfalfa genotypes. In chronological order, the methods involved selection for fraction I (18S) protein, soluble proteins, foam volume, tannins (flavolans), saponins, initial rate of digestion (IRD), sonication, purified enzymes, gas production, and leaching. Although soluble herbage protein is correlated with the occurrence of pasture bloat, we have experienced slow progress in a selection program to reduce soluble-protein concentration in alfalfa. We have found that foam volume is not correlated with …
Evaluation Of Within-Half-Sub Family Selection From Leo Birdsfoot Trefoil,
2026
University of Guelph
Evaluation Of Within-Half-Sub Family Selection From Leo Birdsfoot Trefoil, D T. Tomes, O U. Onokpise, B E. Twamley
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This research was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of within-half-sib family recurrent selection for seedling vigor, seed yield, and forage yield in birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus comiculatusL. cv. Leo). The effectiveness of selection was measured by comparing progeny performance, genetic variance, and heritability in selected and unselected populations. In addition, cxperimc.ntal synthetic• (Syn-2 generation) from the selected population were compared to Leo for forage yield and seed yield in several trials. Seedling vigor and yield in 1979, and forage yield in 1980, of polycross progeny in the selected population were significantly higher than those of similar progeny in the unselected …
Breeding Centrosema Pubescens Better Adapted To Acid Infertile Soils Of South America,
2026
CIAT
Breeding Centrosema Pubescens Better Adapted To Acid Infertile Soils Of South America, E M. Hutton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Centrosema pubescen, Benth. {centro) in tropical South America depends upon the development of lines with increased tolerance to high acidity and aluminum (Al). This study classified levels of acid tolerance among Centrosema introductions and crosses of promising introductions. Initially, greenhouse and field evaluations in Carimagua oxisol (pH 4.5, 90% Al saturation) were used. Introductions of C. schottii and C. pascuorom died, while most C. virginianum and C. Uutifolium and a few C. pubescens had low acid tolerance. Most C. pubescens introductions had medium acid tolerance, whereas C. macrocarpum and C. schiedanum were highly acid tolerant. The degree of acid …
Comparison Of Italian Ryegrass And Meadow Fescue With F2, F3, F4 Hybrids Of Both Grass Species,
2026
Institute of Forage Production, GDR
Comparison Of Italian Ryegrass And Meadow Fescue With F2, F3, F4 Hybrids Of Both Grass Species, H Kaltofen, E Wojahn
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In forage-grass breeding there is an increasing interest in hybrids of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.). The objective of this study was to investigate some agronomic properties of such Festulolium hybrids with special reference to the question of whether these hybrids change from one generation to the next. In a pot experiment with four levels of nitrogen fertilization, Italian ryegrass and meadow fescue as well as F2, F3, and F4 hybrids of the two grass species were examined for 2 years. In each year four cuts were taken. All the F2, F3, …
Effective Selection For Tolerance To Grass-Killing Herbicides In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.),
2026
The Queens University
Effective Selection For Tolerance To Grass-Killing Herbicides In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.), C E. Wright, J S. Faulkner
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The aim of grassland reseeding is to establish a high-quality sward of improved herbage cultivars. To obtain the maximum value from the improved sward, weed invasion should be prevented. Herbicides are the main tool available. There are many herbicides for selectively controlling dicotyledonous, but not graminaceous, weeds. The control of graminaceous weeds would be possible in swards of grass cultivars selected for tolerance to grass-killing herbicides. Two cycles of recurrent selection for glyphosate tolerance in Lolium perenne L. were carried out by spraying large seedling populations with critical dosages in the greenhouse and intercrossing the survivors. It was found that …
Selection For Specific Leaf Weight In Reed Canarygrass And Its Effects On The Plant,
2026
Iowa State University
Selection For Specific Leaf Weight In Reed Canarygrass And Its Effects On The Plant, I T. Carlson, D K. Christensen, R B. Pearce
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Specific leaf weight (SL W, dry weight/unit leaf area) may serve as a selection criterion for forage yield through a positive rela• tionship with photosynthesis. Two cycles of phenotypic selection for high and low SLW were conducted in reed canarygrass (Phalaris anmdinacea L.) to investigate direct and correlated responses, particularly those related to yield and quality of forage. In a space-planted test, average direct responses from two cycles of selection for high and low SLW were 23% and 19%, respectively. Significant correlated responses were obtained for ten traits. Compared with the low-SLW cycle-2 population, the high SLW cycle-2 population averaged …
Value Of White Sweet Lupin In Production Of Protein Fodder And Feeding Of Animals,
2026
Faculty of Agriculture, Yugoslavia
Value Of White Sweet Lupin In Production Of Protein Fodder And Feeding Of Animals, O Saric, I Ramosevac
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The potential of white sweet lupin (Lupinus albus L.) as a grain or forage feed for livestock was investigated in a series of experiments. Grain yield of lupin was greater than or equal to that of soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) in most evaluations. The quality of lupin seed compared favorably with that of soybean meal and fishmeal. Lupin is capable of producing large amounts of forage in a short period, making it a good prospect for forage production in regions that have a short growing season.
Genetic Variability For Morphological And Agronomic Characters In Desmodium Uncinatum (Jacq.) D.C. And D. Intortum (Mill.) Urb., E.M P. Oliveira, P S. Martins, A B. Cruz
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Objectives of this research were to study the performance of eight populations of D. unicinatum and ten populations of D. intortum, with relation to morphological and agronomic characters to estimate the genetic variation between populations and between plants within populations, and to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for these characters.
White Clover: An Olde Crop With A Promising Future,
2026
USDA-SEA-AR
White Clover: An Olde Crop With A Promising Future, P B. Gibson, W E. Knight, G W. Barnett, W A. Cope, J D. Miller
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a widely adapted, important forage legume for grazing in the U.S. The palatability and quality of the forage, the wide adaptation of the plants to growth in different climates and under various grazing conditions and the role it plays in supplying nitrogen to pastures make white clover our finest pasture legume. The use of adapted white clover cultivars should result in large economic gains to the livestock industry in the U.S .A. Beef and dairy farmers would profit from reduced need for nitrogen fertilizer, an extended grazing season, increased forage production and quality, better …
Performance And Variability Of Agronomic Characters In Populations Of Stylosanthes Guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.,
2026
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Performance And Variability Of Agronomic Characters In Populations Of Stylosanthes Guianensis (Aubl.) Sw., P S. Martins, N A. Vello
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Stylosanthes guianens-is (Aubl.) Sw. shows wide variations in morphological and physiological characteristics, and basic information on genetic variability is needed for future breeding programs. The objectives of this paper were to evaluate 25 native Brazilian populations of S. guianensis for forage characteristics · • ;10,d • to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for these characters. The experiment was conducted in a duplicated 5 x 5 balanced lattice design with plots that contained 4 individuals spaced on 2-m centers. The following characters were evaluated after the beginning of flowering period: days to flowering (DF), mean diameter (MD), basal area (BA), growth …
Rhizoma Peanut: Perennial Warm-Season Forage Legume,
2026
University of Florida
Rhizoma Peanut: Perennial Warm-Season Forage Legume, G M. Prine
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Rhizoma peanut is the common name given species in section Rhizomatosae of the genus Arachis. Florigraze rhizoma peanut (A. glabrata Benth.) has been released as a cultivar by the Florida agricultural experiment stations and the USDA Soil Conservation Service. Florigraze is adapted to the well-drained soils of Florida and the warm humid tropics and subtropics around the world. Rhizoma peanuts are propagated by rhizomes, which in Florida are best planted during winter. The slowness of coverage during early establishment is the biggest shortcoming of rhizoma peanuts. If they are established first, rhizoma peanuts will grow well in mixture with bermudagrass …
Hedysarum Mongolicum Turcz.: An Important Protein Resource Legume On Dry Sandy Land,
2026
Peoples Republic of China
Hedysarum Mongolicum Turcz.: An Important Protein Resource Legume On Dry Sandy Land, Li Min, A W. Hovin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In searching for plants that can both increase the protein production and improve the sandy-soil conservation of the grassland in the arid, windy regions of North China, so far, from among many native plants, we have identified Hedysarum mongolicum Turcz. as the best species to fulfill our dual purposes. We investigated its distribution, planted its native seeds in the Maowusu desert, and studied it under its native and cultivated growing conditions from 1957 to 1964. Chinese farmers call this perennial subbrush legume of the sweetvetcb genus "Yang Cai," meaning "sheep like to eat." It can thrive in the stable or …
Adaptation And Utilization Of Three Legume In China,
2026
Peoples Republic of China
Adaptation And Utilization Of Three Legume In China, Huang Wenhui
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
China is a vast territory with extremely varied climates, soil, and topography, and it is very rich in pasture grass resources. The main legumes for forage are Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), yellow alfalfa (Medicago folcata L.) and shadawang (Astragalis adsurgent Pall.)
Preliminary Evaluation Of Legume Germ Plasm In The Cerrados Of Brazil,
2026
CIAT
Preliminary Evaluation Of Legume Germ Plasm In The Cerrados Of Brazil, D Thomas, R P. De Andrade
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In 1978 an evaluation program was initiated to select legumes that (1) grow and produce seed on acid soils under aluminum and water stress, (2) persist under grazing, and (3) tolerate pests and diseases. The work is being conducted at the Cerrados Agricultural Research Center, near Brasilia, at lat 15°S and altitude 1,000 to 1, 100 m . Annual rainfall is 1,500 mm, mostly distributed in a 6-month wet season, and mean annual temperature is 21°C. Nine hundred legume accessions from thirteen genera have now been established as spaced plants on the 2 major soil types of the region. The …
Genetics And Utilization Of Apomixis For The Improvement Of Guineagrass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.),
2026
ORSTOM
Genetics And Utilization Of Apomixis For The Improvement Of Guineagrass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.), Y H. Savidan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Natural polymorphism in guineagrass (Panicum maximumjacq.) has been stabilized in tetraploid biotypes by apomixis. Sexual diploids were found in East African populations. Our objective was to determine whether apomixis could be related with a simple genetic background and manipulated in an improvement program. Apomicts of guineagrass are characterized by a 4-nucleate embryo sac structure, and this trait was used in genetical analyses to differentiate apomictic from sexual hybrids. Progeny tests were also conducted as controls. Ten different types of progenies were analyzed: tetraploid sexual (from colchicine treatment of diploids) x apomictic F1 hybrids; selfed and backcrossed progenies of sexual F1 …
Breeding Challenges In Apomictic Warm-Season Grasses,
2026
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Breeding Challenges In Apomictic Warm-Season Grasses, E C. Bashaw, P W. Voigt, B L. Burson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Efforts to breed apomictic grasses met with little success in the past, but results of more recent research show significant progress with some species and new prospects for improving apomicts. Early research uncovered the cytological basis for apospory and diplospory, found the common apomictic mechanisms in grasses, and showed that apomixis is transmitted from pannt to offspring. Discovery of sexual or partially sexual (facultative apomicts) plants in several species formerly considered obligate apomicts allowed for hybridization and genetic studies. Results of subsequent research confirmed inheritance of apomixis, and data from the more conclusive studies indicate that method of reproduction …
Watermelon Fungicide Guide,
2026
Clemson University
Watermelon Fungicide Guide, Anthony Keinath, Anna Sara Hill
Horticulture
The foliar diseases gummy stem blight, powdery mildew, anthracnose, and downy mildew can reduce watermelon yields in South Carolina. Specific fungicides are needed to manage each disease. This spray guide will assist growers, Extension agents, and crop consultants recommend the appropriate fungicides based on disease symptoms and signs.
Identification, Pathogenicity, And Fungicide Sensitivity Of Itersonilia Perplexans Associated With Petal Spot Of Gerbera Cut Flowers In Colombia,
2026
Clemson University
Identification, Pathogenicity, And Fungicide Sensitivity Of Itersonilia Perplexans Associated With Petal Spot Of Gerbera Cut Flowers In Colombia, Matheus Beger
All Theses
Petal diseases significantly affect gerbera cut flower production, as minor visual damage renders flowers unmarketable. Among those pathogens causing petal spots, Itersonilia perplexans affects some Asteraceae plants. However, this pathogen's impact on Colombian gerbera remains poorly studied. This study was designed to fill four gaps: molecular identification of Colombian isolates, confirmation of pathogenicity, standardized culture media, and fungicide sensitivity data. Four objectives were pursued: (i) isolate and identify the causal agent through sequencing the Internal Transcribed Spacer, Small Subunit and Large Subunit from the rDNA; (ii) evaluate pathogenicity on detached gerbera petals; (iii) identify optimal culture media for I. perplexans …
Understanding Variability In Geographic Isolate Of Rotylenchulus Reniformis Across The Us Cotton Belt,
2026
Clemson University
Understanding Variability In Geographic Isolate Of Rotylenchulus Reniformis Across The Us Cotton Belt, Sagar Gc
All Dissertations
Management of the reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a challenge since the resistant cultivars lack uniformity in nematode suppression when tested across multiple geographical regions. The central hypothesis of this study was that regional variability in performance of resistant cotton cultivars is associated with unique reproduction biology (reproduction and virulence) of R. reniformis from distinct geographic origins. Greenhouse studies were conducted to assess differential reproduction biology among nine geographic population of R. reniformis originated from South Carolina (SC), Alabama (AL), Florida (FL), Arkansas (AR), Georgia (GA), Louisiana (LA), Texas (TX), …
Arkansas Soybean Research Studies 2024,
2026
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Arkansas Soybean Research Studies 2024, Jeremy Ross
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series
The 2024 Arkansas Soybean Research Studies includes research reports on topics pertaining to soybean across several disciplines from breeding to post-harvest processing. Research reports contained in this publication may represent preliminary or only data from a single year or limited results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for long-term recommendations. Several research reports in this publication will appear in other University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture’s Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station publications. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between disciplines and our effort to inform Arkansas soybean producers of the research being …
