Opportunities Of Grazing Personality Genetics For Steep And Rugged Rangelands,
2024
Lincoln University, New Zealand
Opportunities Of Grazing Personality Genetics For Steep And Rugged Rangelands, Moreno Garcia, T. M. R. Maxwell, R. Dynes, H. Zhou, J. Hickford
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Globally, extensive pastoral grazing systems are facing multiple pressures, including to address emerging public concerns about environmental impact and animal well-being. This may require new regulatory constraints to be met, while maintaining the economic viability of the systems. One novel approach to addressing these challenges is to capitalize on naturally occurring differences in livestock behaviors, specifically differences in grazing personalities, to assist the production systems deliver more effective and responsible use of rangelands. Herbivores may exhibit consistent grazing behaviors over time and across spatial contexts, which differ among individuals and between groups leading to distinctive grazing patterns known as grazing …
Intake, Relative Palatability Indices And Blood Parameters Of Vetch Varieties As A Component Of Goat Diet,
2024
North West University, South Africa
Intake, Relative Palatability Indices And Blood Parameters Of Vetch Varieties As A Component Of Goat Diet, N. H. Msiza, K. E. Ravhuhali, H. K. Mokoboki, Sydney Mavengahama, G. M. Chelopo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the feed intake, relative palatability indices and blood parameters of vetch varieties as a component of goat diet. The field and palatability study was carried out at the North West University, Molelwane Farm, North West province, South Africa. Ten weaner goats (16 ±2 kg) were used in this experiment. Four feeds (Vicia sativa – common & volga vetch ), Vicia villosa Roth (haymaker plus vetch) and buffalo hay grass were used in this experiment and each goat was exposed to these treatment diets. A cafeteria feeding method was used, allowing …
Adaptive Multi-Paddock Grazing Of Cover Crops In Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems In Mediterranean Regions: A Review,
2024
Stellenbosch University
Adaptive Multi-Paddock Grazing Of Cover Crops In Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems In Mediterranean Regions: A Review, G. A. Musto, A. Swanepoel, J. A. Strauss
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Small-grain farming systems in Mediterranean climatic regions are characterized by poor quality soils, high climate variability, and resulting heavy agrochemical reliance. The integration of continuously grazed monocrop pasture phases has improved soil fertility, crop productivity, and mitigated financial risk. However, emerging sustainability issues such as herbicide resistance, inputs costs rising disproportionately to product prices, and increasing climate variability and predictability, drive the need for ongoing innovation in crop-livestock integration. The option of growing multi-species cover crops as a dual-forage and service crop is evaluated within Mediterranean climate contexts. Furthermore, the option of subjecting the cover crops to adaptive multi-paddock (AMP) …
Stockpiling Tall Fescue In The Mid-Latitude Region Of The Eastern United States,
2024
University of Missouri
Stockpiling Tall Fescue In The Mid-Latitude Region Of The Eastern United States, H. D. Naumann
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Stockpiling grass is a method of growing forage for deferred grazing during winter. Tall fescue is the best adapted cool-season perennial grass available in the mid-latitude of the eastern United States (US) for stockpiling (accumulating growth of) forage for deferred grazing in the fall and winter. Thus it can provide much of the fall and winter feed for livestock. Grazing stockpiled tall fescue reduces winter feeding cost and better distributes nutrients compared to traditional hay feeding methods. This presentation focuses on how to stockpile tall fescue, how to graze stockpiled tall fescue, and benefits of stockpiled tall fescue compared to …
Dry Matter Intake, Milk Performance And Production Efficiency From Spring Calving Dairy Cows Offered Grass-Only, Grass-White Clover And Total Mixed Ration Diets,
2024
Teagasc, Ireland
Dry Matter Intake, Milk Performance And Production Efficiency From Spring Calving Dairy Cows Offered Grass-Only, Grass-White Clover And Total Mixed Ration Diets, E. Fitzpatrick, Luc Delaby, Trevor J. Gilliland, D. Hennessy
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In pasture-based dairy production systems, dry matter intake (DMI) is one of the main factors curtailing milk production and production efficiency. The inclusion of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in swards of perennial ryegrass (PRG; Lolium perenne L.) can increase DMI from increased sward nutritive value over a grass-only sward. Feeding a fully balanced TMR diet can enhance milk production as a result of greater DMI and through greater control of feed quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between DMI, milk production, and energy efficiencies for dairy cows consuming different diets. A farm …
Forage Plant Secondary Metabolites At The Intersection Of Animal Health, Productivity, And Sustainability,
2024
USDA-ARS
Forage Plant Secondary Metabolites At The Intersection Of Animal Health, Productivity, And Sustainability, Michael D. Flythe
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The nutritive value of forages and other feeds have long been studied. However, the roles of secondary metabolites produced by forage-plants and their endophytes are an emerging field. Historically, the term secondary metabolite was used for compounds that were less abundant in plant tissue than the primary metabolites, such as fiber, sugars, and protein. It has become clear that secondary metabolites play important roles in the ecology of forage plants, and that both the detrimental and beneficial impacts of secondary metabolites to forage-animals should not be underestimated. This thematic session will consider fescue toxicosis, a detrimental outcome of ergot alkaloids …
Biophysical, Grazing-Season Management, And Animal Traits Effects On Individual Animal Performance Of Cow-Calf Systems: Insights From A Long-Term Experiment In The Us Western Great Plains,
2024
Rothamsted Research, UK
Biophysical, Grazing-Season Management, And Animal Traits Effects On Individual Animal Performance Of Cow-Calf Systems: Insights From A Long-Term Experiment In The Us Western Great Plains, G. Irisarri, P. A. Cipriotti, L. Castro Sardiña, M. Mortenson, J. D. Derner
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Beef grazing systems require information on management, biophysical, and individual animal influences on performance metrics. However, long-term controlled experiments are lacking to comprehensively ascertain these individual and likely interacting influences. We used a legacy data set from the USDA Agricultural Research Service where individual weight gains were determined from on and off weights of Hereford cows and calves grazing native northern mixed-grass prairie, during the June through September season, from 1975-2001 near Cheyenne, Wyoming, USA. The herd size varied from a minimum of 10 to a maximum of 48 pairs across years. Management (on and off grazing dates and stocking …
Grazing Behavior Of The Endemic Lagune Cattle In The Sub-Humid Savannahs Of Benin,
2024
Université Nationale d’Agriculture, Benin
Grazing Behavior Of The Endemic Lagune Cattle In The Sub-Humid Savannahs Of Benin, E. Sonon, G. G. Alowanou, B. I. Koura, O. J. Makinde, A. B. Gbangboche
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The indigenous Lagune, a breed tolerant to trypanosomiasis, is an excellent candidate to meet the ongoing environmental changes sustainably. This cattle breed could be kept like small ruminants, tethered in grasslands, or free grazing. A study was conducted to assess the grazing behavior of Lagune cattle under the two grazing systems to identify the best systems for sustainable production and conservation of the breed. For this study, four Lagune cattle farms, 02 under free-roaming and 02 others in the tethered system, were selected in the original belt of the Lagune cattle, the agro-ecological (AEZ) zones of Valley and Pobe. The …
Stockpiling Perennial Warm-Season Grasses: Bermudagrass Example,
2024
University of Arkansas
Stockpiling Perennial Warm-Season Grasses: Bermudagrass Example, J. A. Jennings, K. J. Simon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Winter feeding is the largest expense of maintaining a beef herd in terms of money and time. Stockpiled bermudagrass is an effective practice for reducing winter feeding expenses and extending the grazing season. Stockpiling forage is the practice of accumulating forage growth intended for grazing in a later season. In Arkansas, bermudagrass is stockpiled from early August to late October and is grazed from late October through mid-December. Rainfall during late summer can be erratic with high risk of drought stress, but an early start date maximizes the opportunity for acceptable stockpiled forage yield. Therefore, stockpiling bermudagrass should begin by …
Tall Fescue And Orchardgrass Productivity And Persistence Under Grazing Systems In Tennessee,
2024
University of Tennessee-Knoxville Institute of Agriculture
Tall Fescue And Orchardgrass Productivity And Persistence Under Grazing Systems In Tennessee, K. Johnson, R. N. Oakes, G. Bates
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The primary forage species used by cow-calf producers in grazing systems in Tennessee is tall-fescue. Tall fescue is considered an excellent cool-season perennial forage crop due to its high quality, production, and extended growing season. However, most of these tall fescue grazing systems are composed of tall fescue cv. Kentucky 31, which is known for containing a fungus endophyte that can be toxic to animals. Alternatively, orchardgrass is also a vastly used and important perennial cool-season forage in the United States. It can be used as a pasture, hay, and is a high-quality forage that is desirable for most livestock …
Effect Of Apple Pomace Based Silage On Lactation Performance Of Crossbred Cows,
2024
Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, India
Effect Of Apple Pomace Based Silage On Lactation Performance Of Crossbred Cows, Ngahanyui Kengoo, Rohit Bishist
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of inclusion of apple pomace based silage on milk performance of crossbred cows at Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. In a feeding trial of 90 days duration, 12 crossbred cows were selected on the basis of their milk yield and were divided into two groups of six animals each. Animals in the control group were fed with the standard feeding practices of the farm i.e., concentrate @ 4kg d-1, wheat straw @ 5 kg d-1 and Grewia optiva tree fodder @ 10 …
Leucaena Leucocephala As An Alternative Protein Supplement To Fishmeal For Small Holder Indigenous Lactating Cows In Bangladesh,
2024
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh
Leucaena Leucocephala As An Alternative Protein Supplement To Fishmeal For Small Holder Indigenous Lactating Cows In Bangladesh, M. A. S. Khan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In Bangladesh, locally produced fishmeal is being used as a protein source for lactating cows but sometimes it is scarce and expensive. There is a need for an alternative protein source such as a Leucaena species which can be grown by the roadside, embankment or in a small area close to home. An experiment was carried out to assess the effect on the performance of partially replacing fishmeal with fresh foliage from Leucaena leucocephalain the diet of lactating cows. Three diets containing (kg/day) urea-treated rice straw (11.0) with either fishmeal (0.25), fishmeal (0.15) and Leucaena (0.5), and fishmeal (0.075) and …
Corn Silage Yield And Quality, And Soil Health Metrics After Fall Cover Crop Grazing,
2024
Michigan State University
Corn Silage Yield And Quality, And Soil Health Metrics After Fall Cover Crop Grazing, J. D. King, K. A. Cassida, R. Erhardt, E. Burns, S. Snapp, M. Singh, C. Difonzo, A. Garmyn, S. Gruss, C. Macaluso
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Integrated crop-livestock systems can potentially produce more product per unit of land with minimal impacts on soil health and cash crop quality. In the Upper Midwest there is an opportunity to graze fall cover crops (CC) after winter wheat in a corn-wheat rotation. In East Lansing, Michigan, two CC treatments: 1) a pure brassica mixture (PURE), and 2) a complex mixture containing legumes, warm and cool season grasses, and brassicas (MIX) were planted after wheat, and grazed by lambs in the fall seasons of 2019 to 2021. The following year, soil health, corn yield and quality were measured from plots …
Response Of Pasture Plants To Shade In Agroforestry And Agrivoltaic Production Systems,
2024
Oregon State University
Response Of Pasture Plants To Shade In Agroforestry And Agrivoltaic Production Systems, H. Kirschten, M. Graham, S. Ates, T. M. R. Maxwell, A. Rosati
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Agrivoltaics production systems have gained traction globally, holding promise to supply energy and food concurrently from the same unit of land. Studies investigating shade tolerant crops to optimize production under solar panels have mostly followed the findings of agroforestry studies. However, spectral composition of transmitted radiation in agrivoltaic and agroforestry production systems may not be the same, inducing different shade responses of understory crops. A pot trial investigating the effect of shade source on biomass production and morphology of perennial ryegrass, ribwort plantain and white clover was established during spring, in Oregon, USA. Treatments were solar panel shade, hazelnut tree …
Forages For Horses Revamped,
2024
The Ohio State University
Forages For Horses Revamped, C. Gelley, E. Lyon, H. Zynda, S. Mastellar, E. Share, B. Hendershot, D. Kreager, G. Wilson, R. Purdin, J. Hampton, J. Morris, T. Wiseman, L. Beers, M. Sulc
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Forages for Horses program began in Ohio in1998 as a collaboration between the Ohio Forages & Grasslands Council and Ohio State University Extension. Over time, additional collaborations with the Natural Resources Conservation Service, Ohio Department of Agriculture and local Soil and Water Conservation Districts expanded the program. At its inception, one to three educators would partner to provide eight hours of in-person lectures followed by a pasture walk to better the management practices of equine enthusiasts. From 2021 through 2022, the curriculum was adapted for a hybrid classroom and included three 90-minute live webinars featuring nine different presentations followed …
Bale Grazing: Feeding Hay On Pasture Using Rotational Grazing Techniques,
2024
University of Kentucky
Bale Grazing: Feeding Hay On Pasture Using Rotational Grazing Techniques, Greg Halich
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Bale grazing is a novel winter-feeding method where bales are set out on pasture, typically in checkerboard fashion, and fed in a planned, controlled manner, much like rotational grazing. So far, the concept has not been widely adopted in the eastern US, but offers an improved alternative compared to conventional winter-feeding systems for beef cattle, which all too often results in wasted nutrients, polluted waterways, degraded soils, and unhealthy conditions for cattle. With good management, bale grazing can solve all of these problems, and also requires less labor and machinery use than conventional hay feeding. However, climatic conditions in the …
More Than Fiber: Forage Carbohydrates Affecting Animal Performance,
2024
USDA-ARS
More Than Fiber: Forage Carbohydrates Affecting Animal Performance, M. B. Hall
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Forages are well known as an important source of fiber in livestock diets. However, their carbohydrate contribution is more than fiber. Forage grasses and legumes supply sugars, fructans, and other water-soluble carbohydrates as well as soluble fiber that behave very differently than starch in the rumen. With a focus on ruminants, we will explore the forage supply, and ruminal and animal impacts.
Extending The Grazing Season Through The Use Of Cover Crops,
2024
North Carolina State University
Extending The Grazing Season Through The Use Of Cover Crops, D. D. Harmon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The use of cover crops in integrated crop-livestock systems is not a novel approach but has increased in popularity over the last few years due to the renewed interest in soil conservation, nutrient cycling, and water conservation. Moreover, cool-season annual forages have the ability to extend the grazing season, reduce the need for stored or bought supplemental feedstuffs, and as a result, lower winter-feeding costs. Small grain cover crops, legumes, forbes, and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) vary in their growth distribution and can be planted alone in monocultures or planted in mixtures to take advantage of the individual …
Seed Quality Testing For Novel Endophyte Technology,
2024
Agrinostics Ltd Co.
Seed Quality Testing For Novel Endophyte Technology, N. S. Hill
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Fungal endophyte (Epichloë coenophiala (Morgan-Jones & W.Gams)) in Kentucky-31 tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbyshire) produces ergot alkaloids that adversely affect livestock. Novel endophyte-infected tall fescue cultivars, with agronomic enhancing properties without livestock toxicity, are commercially available but producer perception and adoption of the technology has been apprehensive. Educational programs by the Alliance for Grassland Renewal were developed to promote use of the novel endophyte technology. Standards of endophyte quality in seed for existing and new novel technologies were established and used to educate producers and ancillary professionals in Alliance-sponsored schools. Surveys of the presentation on seed quality …
In Vitro Methane Production From Heifers Offered Four Bermudagrass Cultivars,
2024
University of Georgia
In Vitro Methane Production From Heifers Offered Four Bermudagrass Cultivars, A. R. Hines, W. G. Bergen, M. K. Mullenix, S. L. Dillard, T. R. Callaway, W. B. Smith
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Though bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) is one of the predominant warm-season perennial forage supporting the southeastern United States livestock production systems, little is known about its influence on parameters of ruminal metabolism, including carbon loss as methane. With the multitude of cultivars of this grass that have been developed and released, one may question whether the physiological cultivar differences will manifest varying results in digestive efficiency and subsequent methane emissions. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro methane (CH4) production as influenced by four bermudagrass cultivars. Ruminally-fistulated heifers (n = 4) were assigned randomly …
