Advances In Research And Development With Sylosanthes And Other Tropical Pasture Legumes,
2025
CSIRO
Advances In Research And Development With Sylosanthes And Other Tropical Pasture Legumes, D F. Cameron, C P. Miller, L A. Edye, J W. Miles
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The last 20 years have seen major advances in research and development wilh tropical legumes. Research advances have been closely associated with substantial increases in the number and diversity of genetic resource collections, Release of a wide range of new cultivars has been based on selection for plant adaptation, persistence and productivity, screening for resistance to pest's and diseases, and the development of efficient seed production. Determination of fertiliser requirements and grazing management practices has resulted in sustainable animal production from legume-based pasture systems. Extensive pasture development has now occurred in both high and low input systems. Options vary from …
Integration Of Wildlife And Cattle On Communal Lands In Kangwane, South Africa,
2025
KaNgwane Parks Corporation
Integration Of Wildlife And Cattle On Communal Lands In Kangwane, South Africa, M Stalmans, A Van Wyk, M T. Mentis
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The feasibility of integrating wildlife with the current livestock husbandry on communal lands in KaNgwane was investigated. Present stocking rates were 3 times the recommended figure for production farming. This fitted predictions based on the Jones-Sandland model for populations where the major consideration is maximum number of animals rather than high productivity. The integration of game was seen as a means to increase economic output, while spreading benefits from the use of natural resources to the community at large and establishing a form of ecologically sustainable land use. The active involvement of the community in the planning process and their …
Integrated Gamebird Farming As An Incentive To Promote Biodiversity And Conservation Of Rangelands,
2025
Roodeplaat Grassland Institiute
Integrated Gamebird Farming As An Incentive To Promote Biodiversity And Conservation Of Rangelands, P J. Wiljoen, C R. Hurt
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The popularity of gamebird hunting as a sport in Southern Africa serves as an incentive to rangeland owners to increase biodiversity on their properties. Gamebird utilisation is compatible with virtually all forms of land use, be it crop, domestic stock or wildlife production or a combination thereof, The range in habitat requirements, behaviour patterns and feeding niches of indigenous gameblrds ensures that at least one species is compatible with a specific agricultural practice, climate or vegetation type. Marginal and wasteland areas such as marsl}es, gullies, road verges and rocky outcrops, are prime gamebird production areas. The prospects of sport and …
Game Production On Private Land In South Africa,
2025
Roodeplaat Grassland Institute
Game Production On Private Land In South Africa, J C. Pauw, M J.S Peel
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The game industry on private land in South Africa has grown considerably in the last 30 years, resulting in a greatly increased biodiversity on private rangeland. However, animals are not domesticated and management is difficult. Management becomes even more complex because commercial game production normally involves a number of species, including domestic stock, in the same production system. Mixed livestock-game ranching holds certain advantages for management and is generally perceived to be more profitable than either alone. Because of human preferences, a lack of clearly defined management objectives and lack of practical management recommendations, veld is generally heavily utilised and …
Determinants Of Herbaceous Species Composition On Wildlife Utilization Areas In The Eastern Transvaal Lowveld Of South Africa- A Preliminary Investigation,
2025
Roodeplaat Grassland Institute
Determinants Of Herbaceous Species Composition On Wildlife Utilization Areas In The Eastern Transvaal Lowveld Of South Africa- A Preliminary Investigation, M.J S. Peel, G C. Stuart-Hill
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study investigated the. effect of recent past annual rainfall and stocking rate on herbaceous plant species composition in the Lowveld of the eastern Transvaal, South Africa. Annual rainfall and grazing (stocking rate) act synergistically in determining herbaceous species composition, annual rainfall exerting the greatest influence and grazing having a modifying effect particularly under extreme conditions. In mesic areas (mean annual rainfall of around 600 mm) a relatively favourable herbaceous composition was found under relatively higher grazer stocking rates of around 10 grazer units/JOO ha (10 GU/100 ha) In semi-arid areas (mean annual rainfall of around 400 mm) a lighter …
Cattle And Wildlife Ranching In The Zimbabwe Midlands: Are They Economically Compatible?,
2025
WWF Multispecies Project
Cattle And Wildlife Ranching In The Zimbabwe Midlands: Are They Economically Compatible?, Urs P. Kreuter, John P. Workman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Thirty-five Midlands ranches earning revenue from beef caltle, wildlife, or both during 1989-90 were surveyed to determine their financial and economic· profitability. Market prices were used to calculate financial profit, and opportunity costs were used to estimate economic profit of each operation. Under current market conditions, only mixed ranches produced positive financial profits, Economic profits were significantly higher than financial profits for all three types of operation. This implies that they all faced production disincentives due to government policy interventions. However, there were no significant differences between the economic profits of the three types of operations and none of them …
Overcoming Limitations On The Productivity Of Browsing Ungulates In Africa,
2025
University of Witwatersrand
Overcoming Limitations On The Productivity Of Browsing Ungulates In Africa, Norman Owen-Smith
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In African savannas primary production by woody plants may match that by the grass layer. However, maximum population levels attained by browsing ruminants are only one tenth of those reached by similar sized grazers, The productivity of browsers is limited because (I) much foliage is out of reach, and dispersed by wind when shed; (2) most palatable trees are deciduous, leading to a food bottleneck during the late dry season; (3) leaves of many woody species are rendered unpalatable, indigestible or toxic by plant secondary metabolites. Management actions to overcome these limitations include (I) lopping trees to restrict their height; …
Southern United States Forest Range Management: History And Development,
2025
USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Southern United States Forest Range Management: History And Development, Henry A. Pearson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The history and development of forest range management in the southern USA are discussed, including influences of domestic livestock, wildlife, forestry, research, education and societies, Domestic cattle entered the USA in 1521; since then grazing the "piney woods" has been common. By the early 1930s, old growth timber was harvested from Texas to Florida and South Carolina. Fire control legislation helped reforestation to peak in 1959. This forced many cattlemen out of business owing to the fast-growing pines. Wildlife declined with colonisation but many populations were reestablished after World War II. Public agencies, universities, and the Society for Range Management …
Economic And Ecological Features Of Livestock And Wildlife Utilization In Africa,
2025
Department of Wildlife and National Parks
Economic And Ecological Features Of Livestock And Wildlife Utilization In Africa, J I. Barnes
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This paper looks at livestock and wildlife utilisation in Africa within the framework of total economic value (TEV), which includes both utilisation and biodiversity values. In Africa, traditional use of wildlife involves open access systems on public land, Here, free ranging, public wildlife resources are used to produce subsistence or marketed meat and skins at smaII scale. Traditional livestock systems involve open access use of rangelands. Here, livestock are kept at small ·scale to produce draft power, milk, meat and as a store of .value. Commercial use of wildlife involves restricted access systems on both public and private lands. Here, …
Conservation Of Biodiveristy In Managed Rangelands, With Special Emphasis On The Ecological Effects Of Large Grazing Ungulates, Domestic And Wild,
2025
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Conservation Of Biodiveristy In Managed Rangelands, With Special Emphasis On The Ecological Effects Of Large Grazing Ungulates, Domestic And Wild, Patrick Duncan, Peter J. Jarman
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Biodiversily with its different components (genes, species and ecosystems) is defined in relation to rangelands, whose Importance in its conservation is described. At the fine scale grasslands are much more diverse than tropical rain forest, and are comparably diverse at a regional scale, at least in Africa. Rangelands are crucially important world wide for 1he conservation of plants, and also for birds and large mammalian herbivores. Large ungulates (and other large herbivores) ace "keystone" species in these·ecosystems, playing a crucial role in the maintenance of diverse communities of plants, birds and invertebrates associated with such grasslands. Modification of the natural …
Major Beef Production Gains From Commercial Rain-Fed Leucaena-Grass Pastures In Central Queensland, Australia,
2025
Department of Primary Industries
Major Beef Production Gains From Commercial Rain-Fed Leucaena-Grass Pastures In Central Queensland, Australia, J H. Wildin
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Commercial leucnena-grass pastures in central Queensland increased from 24 ha in 1979 to about 20 000 ha in 1992. Since 1986 the exotic leucaena psyllid devastated leucaena (Leucaena leucocepliala) production along the humid coastal areas but not in the subcoastal plantings where the hot dry atmosphere controls the psyllid populations. The introduced rumen bacteria to detoxify DHP has enhanced the performance of cattle grazing leucaena. Unfertilised rain-fed leucaena-grass pastutes with leucaena rows 5-10 m apart have given annual steer live-weight gains of more than 250 kg consistently at stocking rates around 1-1.5 ha/steer. One cattleman with about 500 …
Productivity Of Silvipastoral Areas And Management Needs In Arid Regions Of India,
2025
Rajasthan Grass Farm
Productivity Of Silvipastoral Areas And Management Needs In Arid Regions Of India, N C. Jain
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In an extremely arid state of India (Rajasthan) having high livestock concentration and vast degraded lands, the State Forest Department has developed community and forest lands into silvipastoral areas by sowing grass (mainly Cenchus ciliaris and C. setigerus) in association with trees. Surveys have revealed high variability in pasture establishment and productivity in different regions. Cenchrus established well in most regions, except the extreme south, if proper sowing methods with closer spacing were followed and soil conservation measures undertaken. Closure from animals helped in favourable grass succession. Establishment of Dichanthium annulatum and Stylosanthes hamata was relatively poor, Analysis of …
Sheep And Forage Productivity In Rubber Plantations,
2025
Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia
Sheep And Forage Productivity In Rubber Plantations, I Tajuddin, D T. Chong, K F. Ng, W W. Stur, H M. Shelton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The concept of integration of sheep with rubber plantations for weed control and meal production is rapidly gaining recognition in Malaysia. A series of experiments were set up with ACIAR support to determine the level of forage and animal production achievable in rubber plantations and to introduce and evaluate new forage germplasm for sheep grazing under rubber. These experiments showed that (i) the productivity of the currently used cover crops and naturally occurring further as rubber trees matured, (ii) the proportion of the unpalatable cover crop Caloponuim caeruleum increased rapidly with sheep grazing in immature rubber, (iii) reasonable sheep live-weight …
Potential Of Chamaecytisus Palmensis (Tagasaste) In The Summer Rainfall Areas Of South Africa,
2025
University of Pretoria
Potential Of Chamaecytisus Palmensis (Tagasaste) In The Summer Rainfall Areas Of South Africa, Norman F.G Rethman, Willem A. Van Niekerk
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Preliminary studies with Chamaecytisus palmensis (tagasaste) under summer rainfall conditions in Transvaal province (23-27°S; 26-32°8) have demonstrated that it is adapted to a mean annual rainfall of 500- 750 mm, concentrated in the period October to March. Evaluations at drier (350 mm/year) and colder sites (altitude of 1750 m asl) were unfortunately grazed out by game. The most important limitation on the distribution of this species would, however, appear to· be its susceptibility to Phytophthora root rot organisms. This will probably limit its use on infected soils and especially under waterlogged and subtropical conditions. The species does survive mild frosts …
A Himalayan Slivipastroral System: Will It Meet The People's Need?,
2025
G.B Plant Institute of Himalyan Environment and Development
A Himalayan Slivipastroral System: Will It Meet The People's Need?, K S. Rao
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effects of increased population and subsequent requirements for food, fuel and fodder in central Himalaya are apparent in the extent of degradation and failure of production systems. The pastoral systems of high altitude central Himalayan villages have come under severe stress owing to reduction in available fodder source's and changed social habits. With the objective of meeting both the needs of the sedentary population for fuel and fodder, and the nomadic pastoralists for grazing, a model silvipastoral system was established. The highlights of the model are the participation of local people, and planting of trees important for wood and …
Role Of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae In Leucaena Establishment,
2025
University of Queensland
Role Of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae In Leucaena Establishment, N J. Brandon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
No abstract provided.
Pasture Growth Around Broad-Leaved Trees Planted For Grassland Stability,
2025
Landcare Research New Zealand
Pasture Growth Around Broad-Leaved Trees Planted For Grassland Stability, A Neal Gilchrist, J R. Dez Hall, A G. Foote
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Concurrent trials were conducted to measure pasture production and botanical composition at I, 4, 7, 10, and 13 m from the trunks of poplars, willows and eucalypts planted at wide spacings to arrest soil erosion on hill country near Gisborne, Hunterville and Masterton, respectively, in the North Island of New Zealand. Results after 3 years indicated a depression in grass+legume dry matter (DM) yield as the tree is approached, averaging 98, 92, 93, and 79% of that at 13 m (assumed to be unaffected by the tree) for 10, 7, 4, and 1 m respectively. The depressed yield at I …
Shading Increases Yield Of Nitrogen-Limited Tropical Grasses,
2025
The University of Queensland, Australia
Shading Increases Yield Of Nitrogen-Limited Tropical Grasses, D.W M. Wild, J R. Wilson, W W. Stur, H M. Shelton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This report summarises current research investigating the enhanced shoot growth and higher nitrogen (N) yield observed in N-deficient tropical grass pastures when moderately shaded. The "shade response" was consistently observed in a number of "run-down" tropical grass pastures, over a range of soil types. White there was evidence of translocation of N from roots of shaded grass, this source did not fully account for the additional N harvested in shoots. A more favourable microclimate at the soil surface-litter layer interface, particularly soil moisture, appeared to be responsible for improved litter breakdown and possibly soil mineralisation activity. The "shade response'' has …
Persistence Of An Erect And A Prostrate Paspalum Species As Affected By Shade And Defoliation,
2025
Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Insitute
Persistence Of An Erect And A Prostrate Paspalum Species As Affected By Shade And Defoliation, C C. Wong, W W. Stur
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The lack of persistence in sown posture under perennial plantation crops is poorly understood. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of defoliation severity on the growth and survival of an erect and a prostrate-type shade-tolerant grasses when grown at light levels of 100, 50 and 20% of full sunlight. I was hypothesised that a prostrate grass would be able to persist better under frequent defoliation than an erect grass at low light levels, The prostrate Paspaalum wettsteinii and the erect Paspalum malacophyhllum produced a similar total biomass. However, P. wettsteinii had a higher root yield, while P. …
Prelimiary Evaluation Of Albizia Julibrissin As A Woody Warm-Season Forage,
2025
Auburn University
Prelimiary Evaluation Of Albizia Julibrissin As A Woody Warm-Season Forage, David I. Bransby
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Evaluation of warm-season forage legumes for the south-eastern USA has been confined almost entirely to herbaceous plants, and woody plants have been largely overlooked. The objective of this study was to evaluate Albizia julibrissin as a woody forage legume. Dry matter yield of leaves was obtained from small plots harvested at 6-week intervals. Individual plants in a separate experiment were harvested every 4, 6, 8, lO and 12 weeks to determine yield response to harvest frequency, Leaf material was also fed to sheep for 3" weeks in a digestibility trial. Cumulative yield in the plot study was l0.1 I/ ha. …
