Fruit Science Commons^™

Comparison Of A T-Trellis And A Rotating Cross-Arm Trellis For Arkansas Blackberry Production, Erika Henderson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

As blackberry production in the southeastern United States expands, the need for updated cultural practices, like alternative trellis systems that enhance blackberry fruit yield, fruit quality, and economic viability for fresh-market growers are needed. There are challenges to producing high-quality blackberry fruit with high yields in the Southeast due to intense heat, high rainfall, humidity, and heavy pest pressure. Southeastern growers are interested in the rotating cross-arm (RCA) trellis due to its potential to increase yield and fruit quality, however there is minimal research of its use in blackberry production in the Southeast. In 2019 and 2020, a trial was …

Citrus Pruning, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Horticulture factsheets

Pruning is the cultural practice involving the removal of tree branches and limbs designed to enhance the performance and productivity of trees.

Ideally this is best done after harvest to prevent unwanted fruit loss. With citrus, correct pruning can improve yields, fruit quality, and make managing trees easier.

Respons Produksi Tanaman Karet Klon Bpm 24 Terhadap Jenis Dan Konsentrasi Stimulan Etilen Organik Kulit Pisang, Syamsiyah, Cucu Suherman, Santi Rosniawaty, Fetrina Oktavia

Jurnal Kultivasi

Puncak produksi tanaman karet klon BPM 24 dicapai pada tahun sadap ke-7 sampai 10, tetapi produksi menurun dengan cepat hingga mencapai titik terendah pada tahun sadap ke-15. Stimulan merupakan teknologi yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan produksi lateks. Penggunaan stimulan sintetik yang berlebih dapat menurunkan produksi sehingga perlu dicoba stimulant organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons produksi tanaman karet klon BPM 24 terhadap aplikasi stimulan organik kulit pisang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Karet Sembawa, Palembang, Sumatera Selatan dari September sampai November 2019. Metode percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 11 perlakuan stimulan dan 5 ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap …

Phenotypic And Genotypic Studies In The Peach [Prunus Persica (L.) Batsch] And Muscadine Grape (Vitis Rotundifolia Michx.), Jennifer Anne Lewter

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Peach: Peaches [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] are routinely chilled to increase shelf-life. Exposure to temperatures of 5° C for two weeks can induce chilling injury (CI) symptoms, including flesh mealiness (or wooliness) and a lack of juiciness. Phenotypic data were collected on seven biparental F1 peach populations maintained at the University of Arkansas Fruit Research Station. A genome wide association study (GWAS) was performed using TASSEL 5 which identified four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with expressible juice, four QTLs for mealiness, five QTLs for soluble solids, and three QTLs for fruit weight. Exploiting these genetic markers could help breeders …

Projected Surface Water For Fruit And Vegetable Irrigation Under A Changing Climate In The Us, Marty Matlock, Greg Thoma, Kieu Ngoc Le, Eric Cummings, Zach Morgan, Andrew Shaw

Water Systems

Increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, resulting in climate impacts, are raising concerns over the hydrologic cycle and its effects upon agricultural productivity. If rainfall patterns change, meeting an increased demand for fruits and vegetables will pose a challenge for domestic production regions in the United States (U.S.). Information on potential water supply scarcity in the current production regions provides decision makers with critical information for risk mitigation for future production. We used a hydrologic balance-based model of historic and future water availability to evaluate risk of available irrigation water to support major fruit and vegetable production the US. …

Morphological And Agronomic Variability Among Cultivars, Landraces, And Genebank Accessions Of Purple Passion Fruit, Passiflora Edulis F. Edulis, Nohra Rodríguez Castillo, Daniel Ambachew, Luz Marina Melgarejo, Matthew Wohlgemuth Blair

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Global demand for juice of the purple passion fruit, Passiflora edulis f. edulis, is growing, making it a promising species for farmers to grow in the highland tropics, to which it is adapted. However, research centers and private companies have done little to produce new high-yielding varieties. The objective of the present study, therefore, was to evaluate the agronomic and morphological characteristics of 50 passion fruit genotypes across two different elevations and agro-ecological sites as a base for germplasm enhancement. Three groups of genotypes were commercial cultivars (8 genotypes), genebank accessions (8), and landraces (34) collected from throughout the …

Determining Cluster Thinning And Storage Effects On Fruit Quality And Marketability Attributes Of Arkansas Table Grapes Grown Under High Tunnel Systems., Virginia Beasley

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Table Grapes (Vitus vinifera) are highly valued horticulture crops world-wide. Often, table grape production in the southern United States is restricted due to climate and pest issues. Viticulture production could be expanded to this region by the use of controlled environment growing systems, such as high tunnels (HT). The objective of this project was to evaluate the effectiveness of HT systems for grape cultivation and compare the effects of different cluster thinning treatments on vines. In this two-year study, the cultivars Faith, Gratitude, Hope, and Jupiter were grown in HT systems and assessed for postharvest qualities at harvest and during …

An Evaluation Of Biopesticide Combinations On Yield Performance And Disease/Arthropod Control Of Strawberries Grown In High Tunnel Plasticulture Production Systems In Arkansas., Karlee B. Pruitt

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This two-year study investigated combinations of biopesticides to determine impacts on strawberry fruit marketable fruit yields, and effectiveness in controlling strawberry pests in a high tunnel production system at the University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture Research and Extension Center in Fayetteville, Arkansas. Two strawberry cultivars Fragaria × ananassa (Duch.), Camino Real and Sweet Sensation were grown in a high tunnel from early-October to mid-May for two consecutive growing seasons, (2017-18 and 2018-19) with six treatment combinations of biopesticides including an untreated (water) control, nutrient spray and selected biological based fungicides and insecticides, arranged into a split-plot randomized block design. …

Optimasi Teknik Sterilisasi Dan Induksi Tunas Tanaman Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murr) ‘Kamajaya’ Lokal Cimahi Secara In Vitro, Agung Rahmadi, Noladhi Wicaksana, Bambang Nurhadi, Erni Suminar, Siti Rakhmah Tenrisui Pakki, Syariful Mubarok

Jurnal Kultivasi

Durian ‘Kamajaya’ merupakan salah satu jenis durian lokal yang keberadaanya hampir punah sehingga perlu dilakukan konservasi, salah satunya yaitu dengan perbanyakan menggunakan kultur jaringan. Permasalahan yang muncul dalam kultur jaringan durian ini salah satunya adalah metode sterilisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh metode sterilisasi yang tepat untuk perbanyakan tanaman durian ‘Kamajaya’ secara in vitro. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Teknologi Benih, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, sejak bulan Mei sampai September tahun 2019. Eksplan yang digunakan adalah tunas muda dari tanaman durian ‘Kamajaya’ yang berasal dari Cimahi. Sterilisasi untuk inisiasi dengan teknik kultur jaringan menggunakan kombinasi air mengalir, detergen, …

Do Trellis Systems Modify Grape's Health Beneficial Properties?, Molly Hanlon

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Pheromone Mating Disruption For California Red Scale Control In Commercial California Citrus, Joel Timothy Leonard

Master's Theses

California red scale (CRS), Aonidella aurantii, is an increasingly injurious insect pest for the California citrus industry due to insecticide resistance, changing weather patterns, and shifting trade regulations. The presence of the insect on fruit, damages the rind of the fruit and high populations can cause dieback of branches as well as lower yields. Pheromone mating disruption of CRS has the potential to alleviate population control concerns and reduce insecticide use. The efficacy of the pheromone mating disruption technique for pest management of CRS was determined using the products CheckMate® CRS and Semios CRS Plus. CheckMate® CRS was evaluated …

Investigating Dicamba Tolerance In Grapevine Cultivars Through Drift Simulation Assays, Bryce David Bentley

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Dicamba is a synthetic auxin herbicide which acts systematically and selectively controls broadleaf plants and has become increasingly popular in the past several years for weed control in commercial agriculture following widespread adoption of dicamba-resistant, transgenic soybean and cotton. Dicamba may be better acknowledged by growers of specialty crops, like grapes, for its capacity to drift miles away from the site of application and deposit on fields, remaining potent enough to cause crop damage and yield loss to vulnerable plants. Grapes are among the most susceptible agronomic crops to dicamba drift, showing visible injury at rates less than 1% of …

Pemanfaatan Fenomena Pembentukan Buah Partenokarpi Dalam Perspektif Pertanian Di Indonesia, Firman Rezaldi, Muhammad Abdilah Hasan Qonit, Anne Nuraini, Kusumiyati, Syariful Mubarok

Jurnal Kultivasi

Buah merupakan organ reproduktif yang memainkan peranan penting pada tanaman dalam proses perbanyakan tanaman dan penyebaran biji. Biji akan terbentuk akibat adanya proses polinasi dan fertilisasi. Pada beberapa jenis buah keberadaan biji tidak diinginkan, sehingga sekarang sudah banyak dikembangkan buah tanpa biji atau buah partenokarpi. Secara garis besar partenokarpi terdiri dari dua kelompok utama, yaitu partenokarpi alami dan partenokarpi buatan. Pisang, tomat, dan manggis merupakan contoh tanaman yang bersifat partenokarpi alami. Pembetukan buah partenokarpi dapat dilakukan melalui beberapa cara diantaranya adalah penggunaan hormone auksin/giberelin, iridiasi polen, perubahan jumlah kromosom, gene silencing, modifikasi gen, dan genome editing tools. Review ini menjelaskan …

Identifying Consumer Perceptions Of Fresh-Market Blackberries, Aubrey Dunteman

Food Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

Blackberries are grown worldwide for commercial fresh markets, but there is limited information on consumer perceptions of this fruit. In this study, physiochemical and consumer sensory attributes of three Arkansas-grown fresh-market blackberry genotypes were evaluated and consumer perceptions of fresh-market blackberries were also investigated though an online survey. Two cultivars (Natchez and Ouachita) and one advanced selection (A-2418) were evaluated for compositional and nutraceutical analysis and consumer sensory analysis. Natchez had the highest berry weight, length, drupelets and pyrenes/berry, and pyrene weight/berry. Ouachita had the highest soluble solids content (11.9%), pH (3.18) and soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio (10.92). There were …

Evaluation Of Host Resistance And The Utilization Of Organic Amendments To Manage Macrophomina Crown Rot Of Strawberry In California, Jonathan W. Winslow

Master's Theses

The production of strawberries can be severely limited by soilborne plant pathogens, insects and weeds. Macrophomina phaseolina is a problematic soilborne fungal pathogen in California strawberry production inciting the disease Macrophomina crown rot. When established, the pathogen can cause extensive plant decline and mortality. Host resistance will be a critical tool for managing this disease and guiding breeding programs in the post methyl bromide era. Evaluation of host resistance in strawberry germplasm to M. phaseolina was evaluated through phenotypic assessments of disease incidence. A total of 90 strawberry cultivars and elite selections were included in a replicated field trial conducted …

The Survival Of Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Over Winter In Western Australia, Touhidur Rahman, Sonya Broughton

Biosecurity Research Articles

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most economically important pest insects of fruit crops worldwide. Mediterranean fruit fly can cause up to 100% crop loss in susceptible fruit. In order to formulate best management practices, it is critical to understand how Mediterranean fruit fly overwinters in a given geographical location and bridge the gap between autumn and spring populations. In this study, we evaluated the overwintering potential of Mediterranean fruit fly immature and adult stages in two locations in Perth Hills, Western Australia. We also monitored wild adult Mediterranean fruit fly populations for …

Identifikasi Keanekaragaman Dan Dominansi Gulma Pada Lahan Pertanaman Jeruk (Citrus Sp.), Isna Tustiyani, Desember Risa Nurjanah, Siti Syarah Maesyaroh, Jenal Mutakin

Jurnal Kultivasi

Gulma merupakan tumbuhan yang mengganggu tanaman budidaya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman dan dominansi gulma pada lahan pertanaman jeruk (Citrus sp.) di dataran medium Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan April sampai Juni 2018. Metode penelitian adalah statistik kualitatif melalui studi kasus. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 5 plot yang berbeda dengan luas pengambilan sempel gulma masing-masing 50 cm x 50 cm / plot. Setiap lahan terdapat 5 titik pengambilan sampel. Setelah didapatkan sampel gulma, maka dilakukan identifikasi gulma dan Summed Dominance Ratio. Hasil penelitian teridentifikasi 6 jenis gulma rumput, 3 gulma teki dan 13 jenis gulma daun lebar dengan indeks …

Perbaikan Keragaan Bibit Jeruk Pamelo Tanpa Biji Dengan Strangulasi Dan Aplikasi Beberapa Dosis Dari Dua Zpt Bap Dan 2,4-D, Wahyu Fikrinda, I Made Indra Agastya

Jurnal Kultivasi

Pamelo memiliki prospek yang baik untuk dikembangkan karena buahnya berukuran besar dan memiliki rasa yang segar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari aplikasi strangulasi dan ZPT terbaik dalam merangsang pertumbuhan vegetatif untuk perbaikan keragaan bibit pamelo tanpa biji. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Juli 2018 di rumah plastik, Laboratorium Agroteknologi, dan Laboratorium Biologi UNITRI, Malang. Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor digunakan pada penelitian ini. Faktor pertama adalah strangulasi ganda dengan jarak antar kawat yang berbeda yaitu 10 cm, dan 15 cm, sedangkan faktor kedua adalah dosis dan jenis zat pengatur tumbuh yang berbeda yaitu tanpa ZPT, BAP …

Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Aluminium (Al), Dan Timbal (Pb) Pada Buah Jambu Biji Varietas Kristal (Psidium Guajava L.) Dan Tanah Di Desa Bumiaji, Kota Batu, Hidayati Karamina, Ariani Trisna Murti, Tri Mudjoko

Jurnal Kultivasi

Bumiaji merupakan kawasan wisata yang terletak di Kota Batu. Dengan suhu mencapai 20oC menyebabkan Bumiaji menjadi tempat pengembangan kawasan yang cocok untuk penanaman tanaman hortikultura contohnya jambu biji varietas kristal. Budidaya jambu biji varietas kristal tidak lepas dengan pemeliharaan tanaman dengan cara pengaplikasian pupuk organik maupun anorganik dan pestisida dalam jumlah banyak dan dalam jangka waktu yang panjang. Usaha-usaha peningkatan hasil produksi di atas ternyata dapat memberikan dampak kurang baik bagi lingkungan sekitar khususnya tanah. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui seberapa besar jumlah logam berat yang berada pada tanah dan buah jambu biji varietas kristal. Penelitian ini menggunakan …

Pengaruh Waktu Simpan Terhadap Nilai Total Padatan Terlarut, Kekerasan Dan Susut Bobot Buah Mangga Arumanis, Kusumiyati, Farida, Wawan Sutari, Jajang Sauman Hamdani, Syariful Mubarok

Jurnal Kultivasi

Mangga arumanis merupakan salah satu komoditi mangga unggulan di daerah Majalengka, Jawa Barat. Para pedagang pada umumnya memasarkan buah mangga menggunakan keranjang anyaman bambu terutama dengan tujuan agar konsumen lebih mudah membawanya. Selain itu, harga keranjang anyaman bambu juga murah, sehingga kemasan keranjang anyaman bambu banyak digunakan petani buah mangga. Selama penyimpanan, buah mangga mengalami perubahan komposisi kimia dan juga fisik. Perubahan tersebut mencakup nilai kekerasan buah, total padatan terlarut (TPT), dan susut bobot buah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perubahan nilai kekerasan, TPT dan susut bobot buah pada waktu simpan berbeda menggunakan keranjang anyaman bambu. Rancangan yang digunakan …