Predicting Longitudinal Traits Derived From
High-Throughput Phenomics In Contrasting
Environments Using Genomic Legendre Polynomials
And B-Splines,
2019
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Predicting Longitudinal Traits Derived From High-Throughput Phenomics In Contrasting Environments Using Genomic Legendre Polynomials And B-Splines, Mehdi Momen, Malachy T. Campbell, Harkamal Walia, Gota Morota
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Recent advancements in phenomics coupled with increased output from sequencing technologies can create the platform needed to rapidly increase abiotic stress tolerance of crops, which increasingly face productivity challenges due to climate change. In particular, high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) enables researchers to generate large-scale data with temporal resolution. Recently, a random regression model (RRM) was used to model a longitudinal rice projected shoot area (PSA) dataset in an optimal growth environment. However, the utility of RRM is still unknown for phenotypic trajectories obtained from stress environments. Here, we sought to apply RRM to forecast the rice PSA in control and water-limited …
Dedicated Bioenergy Crops And Water Erosion,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Dedicated Bioenergy Crops And Water Erosion, Bharat Sharma Acharya, Humberto Blanco-Canqui, Robert B. Mitchell, Richard Cruse, David Laird
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Information on the water quality impact of perennial warmseason grasses (WSGs) when grown in marginal lands as dedicated energy crops is limited. We studied how WSGs affected runoff, sediment, and nutrient losses and related near-surface soil properties to those of no-till corn (Zea mays L.) on an eroded soil in southwestern Iowa and a center pivot corner in east-central Nebraska. The experiment at the eroded soil was established in 2012, and treatments included ‘Liberty’ switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and no-till continuous corn. The experiment at the pivot corner was established in 2013 with ‘Liberty’ switchgrass, ‘Shawnee’ switchgrass, low-diversity grass …
Shifting Avian Spatial Regimes In A Changing Climate,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Shifting Avian Spatial Regimes In A Changing Climate, Caleb P. Roberts, Craig R. Allen, David G. Angeler, Dirac Twidwell
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
In the present era of rapid global change, development of early warnings of ecological regime shifts is a major focus in ecology. Identifying and tracking shifts in spatial regimes is a new approach with potential to enhance understanding of ecological responses to global change. Here, we show strong directional non-stationarity of spatial regimes identified by avian community body mass data. We do this by tracking 46 years of avian spatial regime movement in the North American Great Plains. The northernmost spatial regime boundary moved >590 km northward, and the southernmost boundary moved >260 km northward. Tracking spatial regimes affords decadal …
Rapid Metabolism Increases The Level Of 2,4-D Resistance At High Temperature In Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus Tuberculatus),
2019
Kansas State University
Rapid Metabolism Increases The Level Of 2,4-D Resistance At High Temperature In Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus Tuberculatus), Chandrima Shyam, Amit J. Jhala, Greg Kruger, Mithila Jugulam
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Common waterhemp emerges throughout the crop growing season in the Midwestern United States, and as a result, the seedlings are exposed to a wide range of temperature regimes. Typically, 2,4-D is used in the Midwest to control winter annual broad-leaf weeds before planting soybean and in an early post-emergence application in corn and sorghum; however, the evolution of 2,4-D-resistant common waterhemp in several Midwestern states may limit the use of 2.4-D for controlling this problem weed. Moreover, temperature is one of the crucial factors affecting weed control efficacy of 2,4-D. This research investigated the effect of temperature on efficacy of …
The Mitochondrial Genome Of Eleusine Indica And Characterization Of Gene Content Within Poaceae,
2019
Auburn University
The Mitochondrial Genome Of Eleusine Indica And Characterization Of Gene Content Within Poaceae, Nathan D. Hall, Hui Zhang, Jeffrey P. Mower, Joseph Scott Mcelroy, Leslie R. Goertzen
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Plant mitochondrial (mt) genome assembly provides baseline data on size, structure, and gene content, but resolving the sequence of these large and complex organelle genomes remains challenging due to fragmentation, frequent recombination, and transfers of DNA from neighboring plastids. Themt genome for Eleusine indica (Poaceae: goosegrass) is comprehensibly analyzed here, providing key reference data for an economically significant invasive species that is also the maternal parent of the allotetraploid crop Finger millet (Eleusine coracana). The assembled E. indica genome contains 33 protein coding genes, 6 rRNA subunits, 24 tRNA, 8 large repetitive regions 15 kb of transposable elements across a …
Adaptation Of Photosynthesis To Water Deficit In The Reproductive Phase Of A Maize (Zea Mays L.) Inbred Line,
2019
Henan Agricultural University
Adaptation Of Photosynthesis To Water Deficit In The Reproductive Phase Of A Maize (Zea Mays L.) Inbred Line, H.F. Zheng, L.F. Xin, J.M. Guo, J. Mao, X.P. Han, L. Jia, B.Y. Zheng, C.G. Du, Roger W. Elmore, Q.H. Yang, R.X. Shao
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Photosynthesis is sensitive to water deficit (WD) stress. Maize (Zea mays L.) yield is vulnerable to water stress, especially if it occurs during the reproductive stage. In this study, the expression patterns of photosynthesis-related genes, together with photosynthetic gas-exchange and fluorescence parameters were investigated in a maize inbred line exposed to 50% of field water capacity (moderate WD) for 15 d after tassel emergence. The results demonstrated that WD down-regulated expression of psbA, psbB, psbC, psbP, psaA, psaB, and cab, especially at later periods of WD stress. Besides, with the increased WD stress, the steady decline in the value of …
United States Midwest Soil And Weather Conditions
Influence Anaerobic Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen,
2019
South Dakota State University
United States Midwest Soil And Weather Conditions Influence Anaerobic Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen, Jason D. Clark, Kristen S. Veum, Fabian G. Fernandez, James J. Camberato, Paul R. Carter, Richard B. Ferguson, David W. Franzen, Daniel E. Kaiser, Newell R. Kitchen, Carrie A. M. Laboski, Emerson D. Nafziger, Carl J. Rosen, John E. Sawyer, John F. Shanahan
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
Nitrogen provided to crops through mineralization is an important factor in N management guidelines. Understanding of the interactive effects of soil and weather conditions on N mineralization needs to be improved. Relationships between anaerobic potentially mineralizable N (PMNan) and soil and weather conditions were evaluated under the contrasting climates of eight US Midwestern states. Soil was sampled (0–30 cm) for PMNan analysis before pre-plant N application (PP0N) and at the V5 development stage from the pre-plant 0 (V50N) and 180 kg N ha−1 (V5180N) rates and incubated for 7, 14, and …
Evaluation Of Spray Pattern Uniformity Using
Three Unique Analyses As Impacted By Nozzle,
Pressure, And Pulse-Widthmodulation
Duty Cycle,
2019
University of Arkansas
Evaluation Of Spray Pattern Uniformity Using Three Unique Analyses As Impacted By Nozzle, Pressure, And Pulse-Widthmodulation Duty Cycle, Thomas R. Butts, Joe D. Luck, Bradley K. Fritz, W. Clint Hoffmann, Greg R. Kruger
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: The increasing popularity of pulse-width modulation (PWM) sprayers requires that application interaction effects on spray pattern uniformity be completely understood to maintain a uniform overlap of spray, thereby reducing crop injury potential andmaximizing coverage on target pests. The objective of this researchwas to determine the impacts of nozzle type (venturi vs. non-venturi), boom pressure, and PWMduty cycle on spray pattern uniformity. Research was conducted using an indoor spray patternator located at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in Lincoln, NE, USA. Coefficient of variation (CV), root mean square error (RMSE), and average percent error (APE) were used to characterize spray pattern …
Thiamin-Induced Variations In Oxidative Defense Processes In White Clover(Trifolium Repens L.) Under Water Deficit Stress,
2019
TÜBİTAK
Thiamin-Induced Variations In Oxidative Defense Processes In White Clover(Trifolium Repens L.) Under Water Deficit Stress, Adeel Ghaffar, Nudrat Aisha Akram, Muhammad Ashraf, Yasin Ashraf, Muhammad Sadiq
Turkish Journal of Botany
Vitamins are regarded as vital growth substances. They act as cofactors of various key enzymes involved in metabolism and also have vital influence on metabolic activities of plants. They are believed to play a significant role in plants against abiotic stresses, particularly during water stress. The current experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of exogenously applied thiamin on two white clover cultivars, Super Late Fsd and Layalpur Late, at varying [100% (control), 80%, and 60% field capacities] water regimes. A significant suppression was noted in plant biomass, plant height, chlorophyll a and b contents, total soluble proteins, and shoot …
In Silico Comparative Proteomic Analysis Of Enzymes Involved In Fatty Acid Biosynthesis In Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis) And Soybean (Glycine Max), Qudsia Yousafi, Hafsa Ahmad Ali, Hamid Rashid, Muhammad Saad Khan
Turkish Journal of Botany
Plant oils are very important for domestic and industrial use. Biodiesel can be obtained from plant seed oil. Biodiesel is currently popular and in demand due to the high cost of petroleum and to avoid pollution. It is time to increase plant seed oil production and conduct research to find ways of enhancing its production. We studied two species of oil seed plants, i.e. Ricinus communis and Glycine max, with varying amounts of oil content. Proteins from six categories of enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis were selected for study. The 3D structures were predicted using different structure prediction tools. …
The Effects Of Different Mowing Regimes On Diversity Of Grasses In Lowland Meadows,
2019
TÜBİTAK
The Effects Of Different Mowing Regimes On Diversity Of Grasses In Lowland Meadows, Anna Bomanowska, Wojciech Adamowski, Kamil Kwiecien, Agnieszka Rewicz
Turkish Journal of Botany
This study addresses the question of how changing the mowing regime influences the floristic composition and floristic diversity of grasses in an experimental lowland meadow. The study location is Bia?owie?a Forest, NE Poland. To achieve the aim we used phytosociological data from long-term studies in Bia?owie?a Forest on the course of secondary succession. The relationship between the biodiversity of grasses and type of mowing was determined using statistical analysis. Changes in the dominance and frequency of individual grass species have occurred during the last 28 years of observations. The analysis of floristic similarity demonstrated a turnover of species between the …
Determination Of Trophic Weight And Indicator Values Of Diatoms In Turkish Running Waters For Water Quality Assessment,
2019
TÜBİTAK
Determination Of Trophic Weight And Indicator Values Of Diatoms In Turkish Running Waters For Water Quality Assessment, Abuzer Çelekli̇, Assane Toudjani, Emi̇ne Yonca Gümüş, Seda Kayhan, Haciömer Lekesi̇z, Tolga Çeti̇n
Turkish Journal of Botany
This study, the first such attempt in Turkey, aimed to investigate the distribution of diatom species related to the variation of total phosphorus (TP) in eight basins to determine trophic weight and indicator values of diatom species and to develop the Trophic Index-Turkey (TIT) for assessing the ecological status of freshwaters. The distribution of the diatom species in 225 running water bodies from 8 basins of Turkey was determined in 2014 (summer and fall) and 2015 (spring and summer) in association with TP variation. Trophic values for 219 species were determined during this study and many of these are presented …
Fungal Dna Barcode (Its Nrdna) Reveals More Diversity Than Expected In Tulostoma From Macedonia,
2019
TÜBİTAK
Fungal Dna Barcode (Its Nrdna) Reveals More Diversity Than Expected In Tulostoma From Macedonia, Katerina Rusevska, Franciso De Diego Calonge, Mitko Karadelev, María Paz Martín
Turkish Journal of Botany
With the aim of clarifying the number of Tulostoma species in Macedonia, and to verify some previous collections, molecular analyses were carried out on four morphologically identified species collected in different habitats (at the edges of oak or juniper forests, pine plantations, meadows, rocky places, roadsides). Sixty-two new sequences were generated and compared with recently published sequences included in public databases. According to the barcoding sequences fourteen Tulostoma species are identified in Macedonia and ten of them were assigned to known species: Tulostoma brumale , T. fimbriatum/, T. lusitanicum, T. cf. moravecii, T. melanocyclum, T. punctatum, T. simulans, T. squamosum, …
New Records From Artabel Lakes Nature Park (Gümüşhane/Turkey) To The Freshwater Algal Flora Of Turkey,
2019
TÜBİTAK
New Records From Artabel Lakes Nature Park (Gümüşhane/Turkey) To The Freshwater Algal Flora Of Turkey, Bülent Şahi̇n, Bülent Akar
Turkish Journal of Botany
Six newly recorded taxa, Chlamydomonas pertusa Chodat, Coenochloris pyrenoidosa Korshikov, Coenocystis tapasteana Komárek, Katagnymene accurata Geitler, Phormidium stagninum Anagnostidis, and Scytonema coactile Montagne ex Bornet & Flahault, were described from epipelic, epilithic, and epiphytic materials of the 17 high mountain lakes and a pond in Artabel Lakes Nature Park. The morphology of all species was examined by light microscopy. In this paper, the morphology, ecology, and distribution of these species are discussed. Photos of the species are also provided.
Genetic Diversity And Agronomic Performance Of Slovenian Landraces Of Proso Millet (Panicum Miliaceum L.),
2019
TÜBİTAK
Genetic Diversity And Agronomic Performance Of Slovenian Landraces Of Proso Millet (Panicum Miliaceum L.), Marko Flajsman, Natasa Stajner, Darja Kocjan Acko
Turkish Journal of Botany
Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) has many favored nutritional and agronomic traits, which makes it appropriate for cultivation and consumption all around the world. Genomic resources for proso millet are still very limited but the set of genomic data is improving. In this study, we genotyped six Slovenian landraces of proso millet (P. miliaceum L.) along with one Slovene autochthonous cultivar, Son?ek. The chosen set of 11 SSR markers showed that there is low overall heterozygosity (0.561) among Slovenian landraces of proso millet. However, we were able to determine distinct groups on the dendrogram for different landraces and the cultivar …
Genome Size Variation Among Natural Populations Of Brachypodium Distachyon And B. Hybridum Collected From Different Regions Of Turkey, Gülsemi̇n Savaş Tuna, İsmet Başer, Meti̇n Tuna
Turkish Journal of Botany
Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P.Beauv. is a model grass species that is useful for studying temperate cereal, forage, and energy crops. In this study we aimed to determine the genome size and species identity in the collections of the B. distachyon complex that included samples from 56 different locations in Turkey, applying chromosome counting and nuclear genome size evaluation by flow cytometry method (FCM). Moreover, the study examined whether diverse geographical conditions at the collecting sites influence the genome size. Chromosomal analysis revealed that the number of B. distachyon (x = 5, 2n = 10) genotypes was 48 and the number …
Competitiveness Of Generalist Plant Populations At A Mine Site,
2019
TÜBİTAK
Competitiveness Of Generalist Plant Populations At A Mine Site, Justin S.H. Wan, Fati̇h Fazlioğlu, Stephen P. Bonser
Turkish Journal of Botany
Plants inhabiting extremely stressful mine site environments tend to be specialized and localized, where they express lower performance than nonmine site plants from adjacent areas. However, such a cost may be concealed. In a previous study at a mine site, we found mine and adjacent nonmine plants of multiple species expressed similar performances in the absence of competition. However, a lower competitive ability may be a concealed driver. We aim to test whether costs under competition could explain specialization. In a glasshouse experiment, we measured the performance (i.e. vegetative and reproductive growth) of mine and nonmine potted plants under competition. …
Karyotype Analyses Of 25 Turkish Taxa Of Astragalus From The Sections Macrophyllium, Hymenostegis, Hymenocoleus, And Anthylloidei (Fabaceae), Esra Marti̇n, Gi̇zem İçyer Doğan, Seher Karaman Erkul, Hali̇l Erhan Eroğlu
Turkish Journal of Botany
The karyotype analyses and chromosomal data of 25 taxa belonging to the sections Macrophyllium, Hymenostegis, Hymenocoleus, and Anthylloidei of the genus Astragalus naturally distributed in Turkey are described. The cytogenetic data obtained were evaluated systematically. The following somatic chromosome numbers were found: 2n = 16 for A. oleaefolius, A. dipodurus, A. cephalotes, and A. yukselii; 2n = 32 for A. longifolius; and 2n = 48 for A. isauricus in the sect. Macrophyllium; 2n = 16 for A. zohrabi, A. sosnowskyi, A. velenovskyi, A. trifoliastrum, and A. uraniolimneus; 2n = 18 for A. hymenocystis; 2n = 48 for A. lagopoides, A. …
Cloning Of Lipase Cdna From Olea Europaea Cv. Gemlik Leaves And Expression Analysis Inresponse To Cold Stress,
2019
TÜBİTAK
Cloning Of Lipase Cdna From Olea Europaea Cv. Gemlik Leaves And Expression Analysis Inresponse To Cold Stress, Muni̇se Yurtsever, Şenay Vural Korkut
Turkish Journal of Botany
The cDNA encoding lipase enzyme was cloned from Olea europaea var. europaea cv. Gemlik leaves using the RACE method. The full nucleotide sequence was 1546 bp long and encoded a putative protein of 412 amino acid long protein. The amino acid sequence showed identity to Triacylglycerol Lipase 1 sequences from different plants. A phylogenetic tree was constructed showing relations with various plant lipases. Multiple sequence alignment analysis of the putative protein sequence revealed that the enzyme contains conserved GXSXG pentapeptide motif, and the catalytic triad was predicted as Ser-182, His-379, and Asp-350 with bioinformatics tools. Real-time PCR was used to …
Cellular Patterns And Metabolic Changes During Tepal Development In Lilium Tsingtauense,
2019
TÜBİTAK
Cellular Patterns And Metabolic Changes During Tepal Development In Lilium Tsingtauense, Jiang Xinqiang, Chi Xiufeng, Li Wei, Wang Jianping, Liu Qingchao, Wang Kuiling, Liu Qinghua
Turkish Journal of Botany
Lilium tsingtauense is an endangered bulb plant in China that has curved leaves and orange flowers. Little is known about the opening of the L. tsingtauense flower. In this paper, the blooming process of L. tsingtauense flowers was sampled in five stages according to characteristic tepal morphology. The center of the tepal has an increasing elongation rate compared with the upper and lower parts. Tepal growth from closed buds at the greenish tepal stage (CBS) to the completely opened buds at the horizontal tepal stage is mainly due to cell division, cell elongation, and obvious longitudinal cellular growth. The fructose …
