Seasonal Variation Of Tannin Content On Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan (L.) Millsp) Plants,
2023
EMBRAPA, Brazil
Seasonal Variation Of Tannin Content On Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan (L.) Millsp) Plants, Rodolfo Godoy, P. M. Santos, L. A. R. Batista
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Tannins reduce forage digestibility and palatability by reacting with proteins (Makkar, 1989) and due to that, tannin content is considered to be an important characteristic of leguminous crops and it has been used as a selection criterion on pigeon-pea improvement programs (Godoy et al., 1994). In Southeastern Brazil, pigeon pea is less consumed by bovines in the rainy season (October through March) than in the dry season (from April on), when flowering occurs. Alencar et al. (1991) found very little consumption by Canchim cows during the rainy season, and Lourenço et al. (1984) recommend pigeon-pea for feeding bovines in …
Breeding Lotus Australis Andrews For Low Cyanide Content,
2023
University of Western Australia, Australia
Breeding Lotus Australis Andrews For Low Cyanide Content, D. Real, G. A. Sandral, J. Warden, L. Nutt, R. Bennett, D. Kidd
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lotus australis Andrews is a native perennial tetraploid legume (2n=4x=28) widely distributed throughout Australia (Figure 1). It is highly variable with 14 botanical varieties reported in the Australian Plant Name Index (http://www.anbg.gov.au). Despite broad adaptation within L. australis no cultivars have been developed for cultivation. One of the main barriers to cultivation is the reported cyanogenic nature of the species (Foulds, 1982), which makes it potentially toxic when plant cyanogenic glycosides are fully hydrolysed to form hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Foulds (1982) also reported that the cyanophoric trait was polymorphic at seedling and adult stages with 12% of plants acyanogenic in …
Analysis Of Genetic Diversity In White Clover (Trifolium Repens) Breeding Populations Using Agro-Morphological And Rapd Markers,
2023
CSK H.P. Agricultural University, India
Analysis Of Genetic Diversity In White Clover (Trifolium Repens) Breeding Populations Using Agro-Morphological And Rapd Markers, T. R. Sharma, S. Singh, R. Rathour, S. K. Sharma
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover is an important forage legume for temperate regions, but very little is known about the genetic organisation of its breeding populations. The low amount of variability in the Indian collections of white clover for genetic improvement warrants the introduction of new germplasm and collecting local ecotypes for characterisation, utilisation and conservation. Several molecular techniques have been used for germplasm characterisation, variety identification, marker development and identification, molecular diagnostics, phylogenetic studies and diversity analysis. Because of its simplicity, rapidity and reliability, the RAPD technique has been used extensively for diversity analysis. The present study aims at characterising white clover …
Concurrent Selection For Low Coumarin And Multi-Stemmed Crowns In Annual Sweetclover,
2023
Texas A&M University
Concurrent Selection For Low Coumarin And Multi-Stemmed Crowns In Annual Sweetclover, Gerald R. Smith, G. W. Evers
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Annual sweetclover (Melilotus alba Desr) is a reseeding, drought tolerant forage legume that is well adapted to the alkaline and neutral soils of the US Southern Great Plains. Coumarin is a phytochemical found in sweetclover that is a precursor to dicoumarol, which causes a toxic bleeding disease in cattle. The inheritance of low coumarin in sweetclover is determined by a single gene (Goplen et al., 1957), but current low coumarin cultivars are all biennial, northern types. The ability of annual sweetclover to develop a multi-stemmed crown, similar to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), is also under genetic control …
Improving The Utilisation Of Germplasm Of Trifolium Spumosum L. By The Development Of A Core Collection Using Ecogeographical And Molecular Techniques,
2023
University of Western Australia, Australia
Improving The Utilisation Of Germplasm Of Trifolium Spumosum L. By The Development Of A Core Collection Using Ecogeographical And Molecular Techniques, K. Ghamkhar, R. Snowball, S. J. Bennett
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A core collection is a sub-set encompassing more than 70% of the variability of all accessions held in a collection (Brown 1995), the development of one for Trifolium spumosum (bladder clover) could assist in future development of the cultivar within southern Australia. The aim of this work is to develop a core collection of Trifolium spumosum as a model for other pasture legume species using molecular and ecogeographical data.
Evaluation Of White Clover Breeding Lines In The Australasian Region,
2023
AgResearch, New Zealand
Evaluation Of White Clover Breeding Lines In The Australasian Region, Mohamed Z. Z. Jahufer, D. R. Woodfield, J. L. Ford, K. H. Widdup, J. F. Ayres, L. A. Lane
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The accuracy of predicting breeding line performance across target environments is a significant criterion in the development of cultivars with broad or specific adaptation. This paper characterises the type and magnitude of genotype-by-environment (GE) interactions estimated from a multi-site white clover (Trifolium repens L.) breeding line evaluation trial conducted across sites in New Zealand and Australia.
Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis Of Morphogenetic And Developmental Traits In An Ssr And Aflp-Based Genetic Map Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.),
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis Of Morphogenetic And Developmental Traits In An Ssr And Aflp-Based Genetic Map Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.), M. T. Abberton, N. O. I. Cogan, K. F. Smith, G. Kearney, A. H. Marshall, A. Williams, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, C. Bowen, E. S. Jones, A. C. Vecchies, J. W. Forster
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Molecular marker-assisted plant breeding is a key target for the temperate legume pasture crop white clover (Trifolium repens L.). The first genetic linkage map of white clover has been constructed using self-fertile mutants to derive an intercross based fourth and fifth generation inbred parental genotypes (F2[I.4R x I.5J]). The framework map was constructed using simple sequence repeat (TRSSR) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Eighteen linkage groups (LG) corresponding to the anticipated 16 chromosomes of white clover (2n = 4x = 32), with a total map length of 825 cM were derived from a total of …
Quantifying The Variation In Protein Content In White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.),
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
Quantifying The Variation In Protein Content In White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.), A. H. Marshall, E. Sizer, A. Kingston-Smith, A. Williams, M. T. Abberton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is the main legume in temperate pastures. It has relatively low levels of water-soluble carbohydrate but produces forage of high quality with a high crude protein (CP) content and dry-matter digestibility (Beever, 1993). Some studies have suggested that the forage quality of white clover can be problematic because its high CP content may contribute to inefficient use of nitrogen in the rumen and exacerbate diffuse pollution via excreta (Waghorn & Caradus, 1994). The development of white clover germplasm with lower CP content would potentially benefit forage production and grassland management. A study was carried …
New Approaches To Clover Breeding,
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
New Approaches To Clover Breeding, M. T. Abberton, T. A. Williams, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, A. H. Marshall, C. Jones, E. Sizer-Coverdale, R. P. Collins
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover (Trifolium repens L.) and red clover (T. pratense) are the major forage legumes of temperate pastures. Breeding efforts have focused on overcoming the constraints to productivity and reliability in this species and thereby optimising their contribution to mixed swards. In recent years there has been an increased emphasis on livestock production and the efficient utilisation of forage material in the rumen. In this paper we report on a shift in the aims of forage legume breeding at IGER, building on a strong agronomic platform but giving greater consideration to the environmental footprint of our varieties …
Forage Quality Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) X Ball Clover (T.Nigrescens Viv.) Hybrids Over Three Harvest Years,
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
Forage Quality Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) X Ball Clover (T.Nigrescens Viv.) Hybrids Over Three Harvest Years, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, M. T. Abberton, A. H. Marshall, T. A. Williams, H. G. Powell, P. Olyott
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Introgression of reproductive traits from the annual, profusely flowering species ball clover into white clover is one route to improve seed yields in T.repens. The interspecific cross produced F1, backcross 1 (BC1), backcross 2 (BC2) and backcross 3 (BC3) plants with white clover as recurrent parent (Marshall et al., 2002). These hybrids were found to be comparable with white clover for yield and persistency but produced 30% more flowers and their forage quality, relative to white clover was investigated.
Forage Quality Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) X Caucasian Clover (T.Ambiguum Bieb.) Hybrids Over Three Harvest Years,
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
Forage Quality Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) X Caucasian Clover (T.Ambiguum Bieb.) Hybrids Over Three Harvest Years, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, A. H. Marshall, M. T. Abberton, T. A. Williams, P. Olyott, H. G. Powell
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Interspecific hybrids have been produced from crosses of white clover, a stoloniferous species with Caucasian clover, a rhizomatous species. Using white clover as the recurrent parent first and second generation backcross (BC1 and BC2) plants have been produced that have both rhizomes and stolons and are more drought tolerant than white clover (Marshall et al., 2001). Forage quality of these interspecific hybrids was investigated to determine whether introgression of the rhizomatous trait has any impact on forage quality.
Breeding White Clover With Improved Tolerance Of Nitrogen Fertiliser,
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
Breeding White Clover With Improved Tolerance Of Nitrogen Fertiliser, T. A. Williams, M. T. Abberton, P. Olyott
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is often considered a forage legume with a primary use in 'low input/ low output' systems. One facet of this is the perception that the persistency of this species is poor when Nitrogen (N) fertiliser is applied. However, new varieties of white clover are able to play a significant role in highly productive systems (Williams et al., 2000) and show consistent yields over ten years at a range of applied N levels (Williams et al., 2003). Germplasm improvement for nitrogen tolerance has been carried out with the aim of not only allowing white …
Evaluation Of A White Clover Variety With Increased Resistance To Stem Nematode (Ditylenchus Dipsaci) Under Sheep Grazing And Cutting,
2023
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
Evaluation Of A White Clover Variety With Increased Resistance To Stem Nematode (Ditylenchus Dipsaci) Under Sheep Grazing And Cutting, T. A. Williams, M. T. Abberton, K. A. Mizen, P. Olyott, R. Cook
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn) Filipjev) is a major pest of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in UK pastures (Cook et al., 1992a) and in other parts of the world. In a previous trial, resistant and susceptible selections yielded the same in three years in the absence of the nematode but, on infested plots, the susceptible yielded the same as the resistant selection in year 1 but only 68 and 58% in years 2 and 3, as the nematode infestation increased (Cook et al., 1992b). We have now developed varieties with enhanced resistance to this pest …
Relationships Between Nitrogenase Activity, Dry Forage And Water Soluble Carbohydrates Content Of Selected Red Clover Genotypes,
2023
Research Institute of Crop Production, Czech Republic
Relationships Between Nitrogenase Activity, Dry Forage And Water Soluble Carbohydrates Content Of Selected Red Clover Genotypes, T. Simon, H. Jakesova
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Improving N2 fixation of perennial forage legumes through selection and breeding reduce reliance on soil N and N fertiliser, whilst enhancing residual benefits to subsequent crops and increasing legume forage dry matter (DM) yield. Simultaneously with the selection for enhanced N fixation, new legume genotypes should be evaluated on forage quality, especially nutrient concentration and dry matter digestibility.
Evaluation Of Lucerne Cultivars For Dry Matter And Seed Production In Latvia,
2023
Skriveri Research Centre of LUA, Latvia
Evaluation Of Lucerne Cultivars For Dry Matter And Seed Production In Latvia, S. Rancane, M. Sparnina
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lucerne is highly productivity and has a high quality. Nevertheless, lucerne growing in Latvia is limited, because of a large area of acid soils (pHKCl<5.8) as well as low and unstable seed yields (Berzins, 2002). In recent years lucerne has taken a more important place in forage production in Latvia, because it is a fast growing crop and in good years gives 3-4 harvests per season. It is important to determine which cultivars of lucerne are more productive and give good seed yields every year in Latvia (Luksa, 2002).
Factor Analysis Of Components Of Yield And Quality Traits In Lucerne (Medicago Sativa),
2023
Scientific Boards of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Iran
Factor Analysis Of Components Of Yield And Quality Traits In Lucerne (Medicago Sativa), A. A. Jafari, A. Ghamari Zare
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Lucerne (Medicago sativa) originated from Iran and is one of the most important forage species in this country. The improvement in yield and quality traits are important objectives in breeding programmes. Smith et al. (1997) indicated that in the context of dairy production ranked digestibility was the most important criterion whilst high crude protein and low fibre content were of moderate priority. This study sought to determine the dependence relationships between yield, morphological and quality traits in 64 genotypes.
Genetic Variability In Different Lucerne (Medicago Sativa) Genotypes,
2023
Institute Serbia, Centre for Forage Crops, Serbia and Montenegro
Genetic Variability In Different Lucerne (Medicago Sativa) Genotypes, V. Mikić, J. Radović, Z. Lugić, D. Lazarević
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
One of the basic goals of modern lucerne breeding programmes is creation of new cultivars with a great potential for high quality and stable yields of both forage and hay (Riday & Brummer, 2002). Such cultivars meet increased needs of animal husbandry and must contribute to diverse farming systems (Luki , 2000). Our trial was aimed at determining genetic variability of yield components in 7 lucerne genotypes, as well as at evaluation of their breeding potential as gene donors to new lucerne cultivars
Aluminum Tolerance In The Model Legume Medicago Truncatula,
2023
The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation
Aluminum Tolerance In The Model Legume Medicago Truncatula, M. K. Sledge, B. Narasimhamoorthy, P. Pechter, J. H. Bouton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Aluminum (Al) is the most abundant metal found in the earth's crust, comprising up to 7% of its mass. At low pH, Al becomes soluble and available to plants, resulting in inhibition of root elongation and reduced plant growth. Aluminum toxicity associated with acid soils has been a major obstacle in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) production. The objective of this study is to identify genes that are differentially expressed under normal and Al stress conditions in the model legume M. truncatula, with the long term goal of using these genes to improve cultivated alfalfa.
Persistence And Yield Of Ten Lucerne Cultivars Under Dryland And Heavy Continuous Grazing In The Western Cape Province Of South Africa,
2023
ARC Range & Forage Institute, South Africa
Persistence And Yield Of Ten Lucerne Cultivars Under Dryland And Heavy Continuous Grazing In The Western Cape Province Of South Africa, J. M. Van Heerden
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Pastures in the Rûens region of the Western Cape are mainly legume based with lucerne being the most important and productive legume used (van Heerden & Tainton, 1987). Most pastures are sown to the land race cultivar SA Standard (SAS). Grazing resistance of SAS is high, but relative to other imported cultivars resistance to endemic insect and other pests is poor. This study therefore involves the evaluation for yield and persistence of nine new cultivars compared to SAS under local grazing conditions.
The Genetic Charactaristic Of Salt Tolerance At The Stage Of Seed Germination In Lucerne,
2023
China Agricultural University, China
The Genetic Charactaristic Of Salt Tolerance At The Stage Of Seed Germination In Lucerne, H. Zhou, Q. Yang
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Superweak luminescence exists in all animal and plants; it shows important genetic information. We report the relationship between superweak luminescence and genetic characteristics to salt resistant in lucerne (Medicago sativa). The method can quickly and exactly evaluate the salt-resistance of plants.
