Agricultural Science Commons^™

Establishing Weed Prevention Areas And Evaluating Their Impact, Stephanie Christensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The spread of invasive weeds continues to be a serious economic and environmental threat. Weed prevention has the potential to stop weeds before they become well established in an area conserving time, energy, and resources. Unfortunately, weed prevention is often overlooked. Weed Prevention Areas (WPAs) are a relatively new tool developed to help improve the application of weed prevention. They are cooperatively managed areas that focus on implementing prevention and early detection strategies at a community level. The purpose of this research was to establish baseline data that will be used to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the WPA concept, …

Screening Synteny Blocks In Pairwise Genome Comparisons Through Integer Programming, Haibao Tang, Eric Lyons, Brent S. Pedersen, James C. Schnable, Andrew H. Paterson, Michael Freeling

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Background:

It is difficult to accurately interpret chromosomal correspondences such as true orthology and paralogy due to significant divergence of genomes from a common ancestor. Analyses are particularly problematic among lineages that have repeatedly experienced whole genome duplication (WGD) events. To compare multiple “subgenomes” derived from genome duplications, we need to relax the traditional requirements of “one-to-one” syntenic matchings of genomic regions in order to reflect “one-to-many” or more generally “many-to-many” matchings. However this relaxation may result in the identification of synteny blocks that are derived from ancient shared WGDs that are not of interest. For many downstream analyses, we …

Malian Thick Porridges And Satiety, Intsormil

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

A study was recently conducted through INTSORMIL (Purdue Hamaker Project) to examine thick sorghum millet consumption related to preference and satiation in the Sikasso, Segou and Mopti regions of Mali. This is part of a larger study to understand the effect of thick porridges, and delayed glucose delivery to the body, on satiety and overall food consumption.

The conclusions from the following data is that porridges (tô) are generally eaten more frequently and are consumed in a thicker consistency in the villages (Figures 1 and 2), and are very satiating (Figure 3 thicker porridges correlated with lower hunger scores at …

A First Insight Into Population Structure And Linkage Disequilibrium In The U.S. Peanut Minicore Collection, Vikas Belamkar, Michael Gomez Selvaraj, Jamie L. Ayers, Paxton R. Payton, Naveen Puppala, Mark D. Burow

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Knowledge of genetic diversity, population structure, and degree of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in target association mapping populations is of great importance and is a prerequisite for LD-based mapping. In the present study, 96 genotypes comprising 92 accessions of the US peanut minicore collection, a component line of the tetraploid variety Florunner, diploid progenitors A. duranensis (AA) and A. ipaënsis (BB), and synthetic amphidiploid accession TxAG-6 were investigated with 392 simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker bands amplified using 32 highly-polymorphic SSR primer pairs. Both distance- and model-based (Bayesian) cluster analysis revealed the presence of structured diversity. In general, the wild-species accessions …

Genes Identified By Visible Mutant Phenotypes Show Increased Bias Toward One Of Two Subgenomes Of Maize, James C. Schnable, Michael Freeling

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Not all genes are created equal. Despite being supported by sequence conservation and expression data, knockout homozygotes of many genes show no visible effects, at least under laboratory conditions. We have identified a set of maize (Zea mays L.) genes which have been the subject of a disproportionate share of publications recorded at MaizeGDB. We manually anchored these ‘‘classical’’ maize genes to gene models in the B73 reference genome, and identified syntenic orthologs in other grass genomes. In addition to proofing the most recent version 2 maize gene models, we show that a subset of these genes, those that …

Dose–Sensitivity, Conserved Non-Coding Sequences, And Duplicate Gene Retention Through Multiple Tetraploidies In The Grasses, James C. Schnable, Brent S. Pedersen, Sabarinath Subramaniam, Michael Freeling

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Whole genome duplications, or tetraploidies, are an important source of increased gene content. Following whole genome duplication, duplicate copies of many genes are lost from the genome. This loss of genes is biased both in the classes of genes deleted and the subgenome from which they are lost. Many or all classes are genes preferentially retained as duplicate copies are engaged in dose sensitive protein–protein interactions, such that deletion of any one duplicate upsets the status quo of subunit concentrations, and presumably lowers fitness as a result. Transcription factors are also preferentially retained following every whole genome duplications studied. This …

Inta Segovia, A New Sorghum Variety For The Dry Zones Of Nicaragua, Intsormil

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

The Sandanista Government through the Instituto Nicaraguense de Tecnologia (INTA) officially released the new improved sorghum variety, INTA Segovia on January 14, 2011. This improved variety will benefit the resource-poor farmers that grow sorghum on the hillsides (see photo) in dry zones (40 percent of the land area in Nicaragua). This variety will have a significant economic impact in Nicaragua and in neighboring countries as it produces well in drought prone areas which lack sufficient rainfall for growing maize. INTA Segovia, under drought conditions, produces higher yields than currently grown sorghum varieties. Drought tolerance is due to the large root …

Proceedings Of The 38th Annual Meeting, Southern Soybean Disease Workers (March 9-10, 2011, Pensacola Beach, Florida), Boyd Padgett, Tom Allen, Jason Bond, Cliff Coker, Stephen R. Koenning

Southern Soybean Disease Workers: Conference Proceedings

Contents

Southern United States Soybean Disease Loss Estimates for 2010. Compiled by SR Koenning

Poster presentation

Soybean Varieties and Breeding Lines Shown With Resistance to Reniform Nematode in Greenhouse Tests, 1998-2010 R. T. Robbins, and L. E. Jackson

Oral presentations

Frogeye Leaf Spot (Cercorosa sojina) symposium (Boyd Padgett, moderator)

Development of Baseline Cercospora sojina Sensitivity Levels to Quinone Outside Inhibitor Fungicides and Monitoring for Resistance. GR Zhang and CA Bradley

Soybean Pathogen Found to be Resistant to Fungicides MA Newman and CA Bradley

Strobilurin-resistant Cercospora sojina in Kentucky: Field History. D Hershman

Graduate student paper competition (Tom Allen, …

The Fundamentals Of Nutrient Management, Rhonda Miller, Clark Israelsen, Jim Bowcutt, Neils Hansen

All Current Publications

This publication gives best management practices of nutrient management in livestock and dairy facilities.

Comparison Of Various Configurations Of Cdc-Type Traps For The Collection Of Phlebotomus Papatasi Scopoli In Southern Israel, Daniel L. Kline, Jerome Hogsette, Gunter Muller

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

We conducted two experiments to determine the best CDC-trap configuration for catching male and female Phlebotomus papatasi. First, visual features were evaluated. Standard CDC traps were modified to have black or white catch bags, black or white lids, or no lids and these were tried in different combinations. Significantly more male sand flies were caught by darker traps; significantly more females were captured by traps with either all black or a combination of black and white features. Attraction may be due to dark color or contrast in colors. CDC traps with suction and the following features were also evaluated: …

Wayne E. Sabbe Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 2010, Nathan A. Slaton

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Rapid technological changes in crop management and production require that the research efforts be presented in an expeditious manner. The contributions of soil fertility and fertilizers are major production factors in all Arkansas crops.

Instalan Molino Para Producir Harina De Sorgo: Con Este Molino Se Prevé Procesar, Al Mes, Alrededor De 48 Quintales De Harina, Berta Nely Menjívar

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Panificadores de la Asociación Cooperativa de Cuscatlán (ACPACUS de R. L.), aglutinados en la Mesa Nacional de Panificadores de El Salvador (MENAPAES), en compañía de autoridades del Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal Enrique Álvarez Córdova (CENTA) y del Instituto para la Investigación del Sorgo y Mijo (INTSORMIL), inauguraron la puesta en marcha del primer molino de martillo, con el cual estarán procesando harina de sorgo (maicillo) para utilizarla en la industria de la panificación.

La adquisición de este molino es uno de los primeros esfuerzos de la MENAPAES en la búsqueda de otras materias primas para la producción …

Sorghum And Millet Research Program Receives Grant, Daily Nebraskan

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

The International Sorghum and Millet Collaborative Research Support Program (INTSORMIL) at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln recently received a $1.1 million grant to work with Central American countries to increase sorghum foliage.

A Rain Garden Grows In Bridgeport, Michael Dietz

Wrack Lines

Rain gardens can be used to help communities adapt to climate change. A warmer New England means more precipitation, which means more polluted runoff water--unless a rain garden, planted in a depression, can sequester the excess water and use it to grow attractive plants.

Managing Complexity In Modern Farming, Ross Kingwell

Natural Resources Research Articles

Modern farming in Australia is no longer simple. Farms are large, multi-enterprise businesses underpinned by expensive capital investments, changing production technologies, volatile markets and social challenges. The complexity of modern broadacre farming leads to the question: what is the nature of the relationship between farm business complexity and farm profitability? This study uses bioeconomic farm modelling and employs eight measures of complexity to examine the profitability and complexity of a wide range of broadacre farming systems in Australia. Rank order correlations between farm profitability and each measure of complexity show inconsistent relationships, although the most profitable farming systems are found …

Intsormil Information, Daily Nebraskan

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

The International Sorghum and Millet Collaborative Research Support Program (INTSORMIL) at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln recently received at $1.1 million grant to work with Central American countries to increase sorghum foliage.

Report Of Nine Sorghum Flour Workshops, Report For Intsormil; Subject: “Utilization Of Cti Grinders For Small Scale Sorghum Flour Production In Central America”, Intsormil

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

In Nicaragua, Sorghum grain has been a crops using only for animal feed. Fortunately Scientifics have been researched about its nutritional sorghum grain properties and some of the country that they have been interested to bring the technology about sorghum flour has been Nicaragua because its growths in 3 big areas; in the north, south and west region. Now, that is knew their characteristics and others, so INTA and INTSORMIL are diffusing the technology about sorghum flour to increase the production of sorghum grain, reduce the cost production of bread and some ethnics drinks, to improve the food security and …

Dry Matter Production And Leaf Elemental Concentrations Of Rambutan Grown On An Acid Ultisol, Ricardo Goenaga

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Little is known about the adaptability of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) to highly acidic soils rich in aluminum (Al). A 2-yr field study was conducted to determine the effects of various levels of soil Al on dry matter production, plant growth, and nutrient concentration in the leaves of four cultivars of rambutan. Cultivars and the cultivar x year interaction were not statistically significant for most variables measured in the study. Total, leaf, petiole, stem and root dry weights significantly increased at soil Al concentrations ranging from 0.67 cmol kg⁻¹ to 11.0 cmol kg⁻¹. At this range …

Discriminating Microsatellites From Macrophomina Phaseolina And Their Potential Association To Biological Functions, R. S. Arias, J. D. Ray, A. Mengistu, B. E. Scheffler

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

One hundred and eighty-two microsatellites or simple-sequence-repeat (SSR) markers for Macrophomina phaseolina were developed. These were tested on 24 isolates of M. phaseolina obtained from seven plant species, and the genetic variation of isolates was studied in relation to potential biological processes that could be affected in this fungus. A total of 120 SSR markers were polymorphic, amplifying >90% of the 24 isolates tested. Thirty percent of the markers showed multiple alleles on individual samples. A large number of markers showed unique alleles in isolates collected from pumpkin and snap bean. DNA sequences corresponding to 43 markers had significant hits …

Field-Scale Soil Property Changes Under Switchgrass Managed For Bioenergy, Marty R. Schmer, M. A. Liebig, K. P. Vogel, Robert B. Mitchell

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The capacity of perennial grasses to affect change in soil properties is well documented but information on switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) managed for bioenergy is limited. An on-farm study (10 fields) in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Nebraska was sampled before switchgrass establishment and after 5 years to determine changes in soil bulk density (SBD), pH, soil phosphorus (P), and equivalent mass soil organic carbon (SOC). Changes in SBD were largely constrained to near-surface depths (0–0.05 m). SBD increased (0–0.05 m) at the Nebraska locations (mean=0.16 Mgm^-3), while most South Dakota and North Dakota locations showed declines …