Agricultural Science Commons^™

Pengaruh Benzyl Amino Purine Dan Coumarin Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Benih Kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.) G2 Kultivar Granola, Nurjanah, Anne Nuraini

Jurnal Kultivasi

Percobaan ini dilakukan dari bulan Maret hingga Juni 2014 di Rumah Plastik Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padja-djaran Kampus Jatinangor, dengan keting-gian tempat ± 853 m dpl. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) sederhana yang terdiri dari 16 perlakuan kombinasi BAP dan Coumarin diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Konsentrasi BAP yang digunakan yaitu 0 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm dan konsentrasi coumarin yang digunakan yaitu 0 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian konsentrasi BAP dan coumarin memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, kandungan klorofil, jumlah buku, bobot kering …

Pengaruh Penambahan Arang Sekam Dan Jumlah Cabang Produksi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman, Hasil Dan Kualitas Buah Tomat Kultivar Doufu Hasil Sambung Batang Pada Inceptisol Jatinangor, Nasrulloh, Tino Mutiarawati, Wawan Sutari

Jurnal Kultivasi

Tomat beef merupakan salah satu jenis tomat yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi. Salah satu teknik budidaya yang dapat diguna-kan untuk meningkatkan produksi tanaman tomat yaitu perbaikan media tanam dengan penambahan arang sekam dan mengatur jumlah cabang produksi. Percobaan bertujuan untuk mempelajari berbagai dosis arang sekam dan jumlah cabang produksi yang baik untuk pertumbuhan, hasil dan kualitas tomat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Terkendali, Fakultas Pertanian, Univer-sitas Padjadjaran di Jatinangor. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dengan tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah penambahan arang sekam dengan empat taraf: 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% dan anak petak adalah jumlah cabang produksi dengan dua …

Studi Efektivitas Herbisida Oksifluorfen 240 Gl-1 Sebagai Pengendali Gulma Pada Budidaya Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.), Uum Umiyati

Jurnal Kultivasi

Penelitian lapangan bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas herbisida berbahan aktif Oksifluorfen 240 gL-1. Sebagai pengendali gulma umum pada tanaman bawang merah. Percobaan dilakukan di desa Cikuya kecamatan Banjarharjo kabupaten Brebes dari bulan Oktober – Desember 2015. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 ulangan dan 7 perlakuan. Perlakuan terdiri dosis herbisida oksifluorfen 240 gaiL-1dengan dosis 1,00; 1,50; 2,00; 2,50 dan 3,00 l/hektar, penyiangan secara manual dan tanpa pengendalian herbisida maupun penyiangan (kontrol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa herbisida oksifluorfen 240 gaiL-1 dengan dosis 1,5–3 l/ha efektif mengen-dalikan gulma dominan tanaman bawang merah seperti Cynodon dactylon, Echinocloa colona, Cyperus iria …

Information Thermodynamics Of Cytosine Dna Methylation, Robersy Sanchez Rodriguez, Sally Ann Mackenzie

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Cytosine DNA methylation (CDM) is a stable epigenetic modification to the genome and a widespread regulatory process in living organisms that involves multicomponent molecular machines. Genome-wide cytosine methylation patterning participates in the epigenetic reprogramming of a cell, suggesting that the biological information contained within methylation positions may be amenable to decoding. Adaptation to a new cellular or organismal environment also implies the potential for genome-wide redistribution of CDM changes that will ensure the stability of DNA molecules. This raises the question of whether or not we would be able to sort out the regulatory methylation signals from the CDM background …

Proceedings Of The 43rd Annual Meeting, Southern Soybean Disease Workers (March 9-10, 2016, Pensacola Beach, Florida), Trey Price, Tom Allen, Travis Faske, Eduardo Chagas Da Silva

Southern Soybean Disease Workers: Conference Proceedings

Contents

Schedule

Southern United States Soybean Disease Loss Estimates for 2015. TW Allen, CA Bradley, JP Damicone, NS Dufault, TR Faske, CA Hollier, T Isakeit, RC Kemerait, NM Kleczewski, SR Koenning, HL Mehl, JD Mueller, C Overstreet, PP Price, EJ Sikora, TN Spurlock, and H Young

Soilborne Disease Symposium (Tom Allen, moderator)

Integrated management of sudden death syndrome. D Mueller, L Leandro, Y Kandel, C Bradley, M Chilvers, A Tenuta, and K Wise

Field screening for stem canker: an outdated exercise or a necessary service for soybean growers? K Rowe and T Kirkpatrick

Nematode associated diseases in soybean. C Overstreet, …

Arsenic Analysis: Comparative Arsenic Groundwater Concentration In Relation To Soil And Vegetation, Rominna E. Valentine Vecorena

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Arsenic (As) is a toxic semi-metallic element found in groundwater, soils, and plants. Natural and anthropogenic sources contribute to the distribution of arsenic in the environment. Arsenic’s toxic and mobile behavior is associated with its speciation ability. There are two types of arsenic available to the environment, inorganic and organic arsenic. Of the two, inorganic arsenic is more toxic to humans and more mobile in the environment. Two inorganic compounds responsible for arsenic contamination are trivalent arsenite, As (III), and pentavalent arsenate, As (V). Trivalent arsenate is considered to be more soluble, toxic, and mobile than pentavalent arsenate. Arsenic’s absorptive …

Ws-2 Introgression In A Proportion Of Arabidopsis Thaliana Col-0 Stock Seed Produces Specific Phenotypes And Highlights The Importance Of Routine Genetic Verification, Mon-Ray Shao, Vikas Shedge, Hardik Kundariya, Fredric R. Lehle, Sally Ann Mackenzie

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Arabidopsis thaliana is an important model organism with a robust network of resources that has been of enormous value to the plant science research community. The use of isogenic material as a reference point or control is critical for many types of experiments in plant molecular biology and genetics. Recently, we noticed that some seed from a common source of the widely used Columbia-0 (Col-0) strain gave rise to plants showing features atypical for this strain. Whole-genome DNA-sequencing and allelespecific PCR assays confirmed that the abnormal individuals contain multiple introgressions from the ecotype Wassilewskija-2 (Ws-2), as described below. This …

Student-Conducted Farmer Video Interviews, Jenn K. Simons, Justin Van Wart, Charles Francis, Kristyn Harms

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

High school agricultural education teachers have expressed concern about the lack of easily accessible educational materials dealing with contemporary topics in sustainable agriculture. There are numerous textbooks and monographs available for farmers and students at the college level, including the highly practical resources available from the Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) book series on soil fertility (Magdoff and van Es, 2010), cover crops (Bowman et al., 2007) and building a farm business (DiGiacomo et al., 2003), among others. Although these are full of color photos and easily accessible graphs and tables, they are still in the print media category. …

Impact Assessment Of Integrated Pest Management (Ipm) Strategy For Suppression Of Mango-Infesting Fruit Flies In Kenya, Beatrice W. Muriithi, Hippolyte D. Affognon, Gracious M. Diiro, Sarah W. Kingori, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Peterson W. Nderitu, Samira A. Mohamed, Sunday Ekesi

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

We utilized two waves of data collected from a sample of mango farmers in Meru County in Kenya to evaluate the impact of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategy for controlling fruit flies in mango-production. We specifically explored the effect of five IPM practices including parasitoids (p) and Metarhizium anisopliae-based biopesticides (biop), orchard sanitation (os), spot spray of food bait (fb) and male annihilation technique (mat) on three outcome indicators: farmer pesticide expenditure, farm-level mango fruit yield losses and profit. We fitted difference-in-difference and household fixed effects regression models that account for unobserved heterogeneity across households. Our estimates differentiated the impact …

Comparative Evaluation Of The Effect Of Methyl Bromide Fumigation And Phytosanitary Irradiation On The Quality Of Fresh Strawberries, Tamar Serapian, Anuradha Prakash

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Fresh strawberries are highly perishable and have a short shelf-life especially when the cold chain is not maintained. Strawberries exported to Asia are currently fumigated with methyl bromide for phytosanitary purposes, which exposes strawberries to warm temperatures for several hours and air freight without temperature control, resulting in a shelf life of just a few days in the destination country. Irradiation offers an efficacious alternative to fumigation and can be performed on cold fruit. This study was conducted to compare the quality of strawberries subject to methyl bromide fumigation or irradiation followed by simulated commercial air freight shipment of strawberries …

Review Of Land Capability Assessment For The Swan Valley, Peter Tille, Angela Stuart-Street

Resource management technical reports

Land capability review for the Swan Valley.

The land capability review of the Swan Valley examined and updated previous soil and capability studies done in the area, which are still considered highly relevant for the planning requirements of the Swan Valley. As a result we have updated information on the potential for irrigated agriculture in the Swan Valley which will guide decision-making in the future.

This review uses a modified version of a new approach to presenting information for land use planning, developed by DAFWA in the Mid West region.

The main findings of the review include:

• The alluvial terraces …

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2015, Fred Bourland, A. Beach, C. Kennedy, L. Martin, A. Rouse, B. Robertson

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The primary goal of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed companies establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant. These annual evaluations will then facilitate the inclusion of new, improved genetic material in Arkansas cotton production.

Influence Of Temperature On Intra- And Interspecific Resource Utilization Within A Community Of Lepidopteran Maize Stemborers, Eric Siaw Ntiri, Paul Andre Calatayud, Johnnie Van Den Berg, Fritz Schulthess, Bruno Pierre Le Ru

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Competition or facilitation characterises intra- And interspecific interactions within communities of species that utilize the same resources. Temperature is an important factor influencing those interactions and eventual outcomes. The noctuid stemborers, Busseola fusca and Sesamia calamistis and the crambid Chilo partellus attack maize in sub-Saharan Africa. They often occur as a community of interacting species in the same field and plant at all elevations. The influence of temperature on the intra- And interspecific interactions among larvae of these species, was studied using potted maize plants exposed to varying temperatures in a greenhouse and artificial stems kept at different constant temperatures …

Developing And Deploying Insect Resistant Maize Varieties To Reduce Pre-And Post-Harvest Food Losses In Africa, Tadele Tefera, Stephen Mugo, Yoseph Beyene

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Maize grain yield in Africa is low, 1.5 t ha−1 compared to the global average of 4.9 t ha−1. Maize production in Africa is constrained by various abiotic (drought, soil fertility) and biotic factors (insect pests, weeds and diseases). Stem borers and postharvest insect pests play considerable roles in reducing maize yield through damaging the leaves, stems, ears, and kernels. Stem borers can cause 10–15 % yield losses while the postharvest insect pests, particularly, the larger grain borer and maize weevil, can cause 14–36 % grain losses. The use of chemical insecticides has been recommended; however, in addition to health …

Winter Cover Crops Impact On The Distribution Of Soil Inorganic Nitrogen And Subsequent Crop Uptake And Yield Following Fall Applied Anhydrous Ammonium, William Travis Deppe

Theses and Dissertations

The pairing of cover crops with spring application of nitrogen has shown improved nitrogen efficiency in corn production systems. However, studies have shown that only 50% of central Illinois farmers practice spring application of nitrogen. Furthermore, the literature demonstrates that in years with above average rainfall, fall applied N management systems are more susceptible to N loading relative to spring systems. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the efficacy of winter cover crops to impact the distribution of soil inorganic N following fall applied anhydrous ammonium. The experimental site is located at the Illinois State University Research …

Corn Era Hybrid Response To Nitrogen Fertilization, Krishna P. Woli, Matthew J. Boyer, Roger Wesley Elmore, John E. Sawyer, Lori J. Abendroth, Daniel W. Barker

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Corn (Zea mays L.) N use is of continued interest due to agronomic performance and environmental issues. This 2-yr study evaluated era hybrid response to fertilizer nitrogen (FN) rate in a factorial arrangement of one popular hybrid per five decades (1960–2000 eras) and five N rates (0–224 kg N ha^–1). An additional hybrid per era was grown at 168 kg N ha^–1. Hybrid productivity and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) increased across the eras, but not between the 1980 and 1990 eras. Grain yield (GY) increased 65% and total plant biomass 43%, however, total plant nitrogen …

Growing Potato Profitably For Organic Dry Matter Production In Western Nebraska, Alexander Pavlista, Jessica J. Groskopf

Panhandle Research and Extension Center

Growing potato conventionally for dehydration is not economically feasible. The key cost would be seed under organic farming. The objective is to identify seed-piece sizes and spacings producing a profitable return for potato dehydration in western Nebraska. Atlantic potatoes were grown under dryland conditions using organic practices. Rain was 205, 270, and 360 mm in 2013, 2014, and 2015. Seed-pieces were hand-cut into five weights from 42.5 to 85.0 g and planted in five spacings from 15.2 to 45.7 cm. Seeding rates were 1.02 to 6.1 Mg/ha. Yield was highest at the spacing of 15.2 cm (16.1 Mg/ha) and decreased …

Post Weaning Supplementation Of April-Born Polypay And White Dorper Lambs Grazing Alfalfa/Orchardgrass Pasture, Lauren N. Wood

Theses and Dissertations--Animal and Food Sciences

The effect of post-weaning supplementation of April-born Polypay and White Dorper lambs grazing alfalfa/orchardgrass pasture during two grazing seasons from June to September was studied. One hundred seventy Polypay and 133 White Dorper lambs were randomly allotted to supplemented (2% BW daily) and unsupplemented groups. It was discovered that Polypay lambs weighed more than White Dorpers at wearning, when the grazing season began, and at the end of the 80 (Year 1) and 85 (Year 2) grazing season (P < 0.01). Polypay lambs gained faster (P < 0.01) than White Dorpers. Supplemented lambs gained faster (P < 0.01) than unsupplemented and Polypays had a greater response to supplementation (P < 0.01) than White Dorpers. Polypays had higher (P < 0.01) fecal egg counts, an indicator of Haemonchus contortus infestation. Supplementation did not have any consistent effect on reducing Haemonchus contortus infestation. Differences in forage characteristics of Polypay and White Dorper lambs did appear. Differences in alfalfa and orchardgrass dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and crude protein availability were measured by subtracting enter from exit availabilities. The largest decrease of alfalfa components from exit to enter was found with unsupplemented Polypays. No consistent effect was found for orchardgrass components.

Mapping Qtls And Association Of Differentially Expressed Gene Transcripts For Multiple Agronomic Traits Under Different Nitrogen Levels In Sorghum, Malleswari Gelli, Sharon E. Mitchell, Kan Liu, Thomas E. Clemente, Donald P. Weeks, Chi Zhang, David R. Holding, Ismail M. Dweikat

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Background: Sorghum is an important C₄ crop which relies on applied Nitrogen fertilizers (N) for optimal yields, of which substantial amounts are lost into the atmosphere. Understanding the genetic variation of sorghum in response to limited nitrogen supply is important for elucidating the underlying genetic mechanisms of nitrogen utilization.

Results: A bi-parental mapping population consisting of 131 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing different agronomic traits evaluated under normal N (100 kg.ha⁻¹ fertilizer) and low N (0 kg.ha⁻¹ fertilizer) conditions. A linkage map spanning 1614 cM was developed …

Proteomic Profiling Of Maize Opaque Endosperm Mutants Reveals Selective Accumulation Of Lysine-Enriched Proteins, Kyla J. Morton, Shangang Jia, Chi Zhang, David R. Holding

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Reduced prolamin (zein) accumulation and defective endoplasmic reticulum (ER) body formation occurs in maize opaque endosperm mutants opaque2 (o2), floury2 (fl2), defective endosperm*B30 (DeB30), and Mucronate (Mc), whereas other opaque mutants such as opaque1 (o1) and floury1 (fl1) are normal in these regards. This suggests that other factors contribute to kernel texture. A liquid chromatography approach coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomics was used to compare non-zein proteins of nearly isogenic opaque endosperm mutants. In total, 2762 proteins were identified that were enriched for biological processes such …