Agricultural Science Commons^™

Effect Of Microelements Application On The Production Of Sown Grasslands On Eroded Soil In The Mountains, Milan Mijatovic, Milutin Pantovic, Milenko Glintic, Jasna Pavesic-Popovic, Miodrag Jakovjevic

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Contrary to numerous information in the lit­erature regarding permanent grassland, the experimental data show a smaller effect of the application of microelements on the yields of sown grassland. The highest effect has Cu, whereas the yield has been diminished by application of B and Zn. The application of microelements changed the botanical compo­sition of the grassland. The majority of micro­elements effected favourably the increase of the N content as well as the content of crude protein in the forage, above all Mo, Mn, Cu, and Zn. In all variants the content of P2O5 and K2 0 in the forage was …

The Determination Of The Optimal Content Of Mobile Phosphorus And Potassium In Soils For Grassland Swards, Vadim Melnichuk, Lyudmila Fedorova, Nikolai Panferov, Valentina Pachkovskaya

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Results are reported of field experiments aimed at determining the optimal content of available P and K in soils under grassland with the view of dimensioning fertilizer applications more precisely. The P2O5 and K2O levels in the soil are understood to be optimal if the P and K fertilizers applied (with NK and NP basal fer­tilization, respectively) help to produce maxi­mum forage yields with significant yield in­crement, and adequate P and K levels in the plants to guarantee normal plant growth. The experiments were arranged according to the split-plot design. The effectiveness of different levels of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers …

The Effect Of Splitting Phosphorus And Potassium Applica­Tion With Regard To Mineral Contents And Grass Yield Of Digitaria Decumbens Stent. (Pangola) With Irrigation, Abel Avila Lopez, Gonzalo Ocampo

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

During three years a research was made on the influence of splitting PK (1, 2, 4, and 6 appli­cations) on pangola grass on a tropical brown soil, with the use of a Latin square design. The doses used were 75 kg N/ha/cut; 200 kg P205 / ha/year, and 250 kg K2O/ha/year. The treat­ments presented no difference with respect to· the production of dry matter, both by year and in the final complex. During the dry season more dry matter was produced with the non-split form of PK. The mineral composition of the grass as well as its per cent content …

Effect Of Increasing Levels Of Phosphorus And Three Types Of Soil On Glycine Wightii In Cuba, T Ruiz, J R. Ayala

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A factorial design with 4 replications was used to study the effect of increasing levels of phosphorus (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg P/ha) in three tropical soils (red, brown, and gley) on Glycine wightii in a glasshouse exper­iment. The highest DM yields were achieved with the brown soil. Levels of 30 kg P/ha always increased yields in all the soils used (P < 0.01) but no differences were found with higher P applications. In general, P in plant tops was not related with the levels of P applied. K tended to decrease as the levels of phosphorus increased. None of the treatments used in­fluenced Ca and Mg. A similar work is suggested to be carried out in the field.

Effect Of Phosphorus And Potassium Topdressing On Dry Matter Yield And N, P, K, Ca And Mg Contents Of Alfalfa­ Orchardgrass And Ladino Clover-Orchardgrass Mixtures (1970-1974, Or The 11th-15th Years Of Stand), Mack Drake, W G. Colby, Hisatomo Oohara, Norihito Yoshida, Yoichi Oohara, Kazuo Fukunaga

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The present study shows that when an adequate amount of P and K topdressing is applied, the persistence of forage stand can be maintained, considerably high levels of dry matter yield can be secured, and the contents of N, P, K and other nutrients can be kept at normal levels for the forage mixture grown under the natural environment (climate and soil condi­tions) as with this experiment.

Determination Of The Potassium Fertilizer Requirements Of Meadow Soils In The Gd R, Manfred Kerschberger, Dietmar Richter

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Chemical Products Industry in Prahovo in cooperation with agricultural stations in eastern and south-eastern Serbia in the period 1968 to 1974 organized demonstration experiments in 33 locations with the fertilization of natural grassland. The experiments had three variants: I = non­fertilized; II = fertilized with 300 kg/ha of NPK fertilizer 14 : 14 : 14 ; and III = fertilized with 600 kg/ha of the before-mentioned fer­tilizer. The following results were obtained: Fertilization with 300 kg/ha of NPK fer­tilizer 14: 14: 14 (active matter 42 kg N, 42 kg P, 42 kg K) increased the yields (compared to the non-fertilized …

Productive And Economic Effects Of Npk Fertilizer Utiliza­Tion On The Natural Grassland In Eastern And South-Eastern Serbia, N Miladinovic, J Rajkovic, M Rukavina

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Chemical Products Industry in Prahovo in cooperation with agricultural stations in eastern and south-eastern Serbia in the period 1968 to 1974 organized demonstration experiments in 33 locations with the fertilization of natural grassland. The experiments had three variants: I = non­fertilized; II = fertilized with 300 kg/ha of NPK fertilizer 14 : 14 : 14 ; and III = fertilized with 600 kg/ha of the before-mentioned fer­tilizer. The following results were obtained: Fertilization with 300 kg/ha of NPK fer­tilizer 14: 14: 14 (active matter 42 kg N, 42 kg P, 42 kg K) increased the yields (compared to the non-fertilized …

The Intensive Utilization Of Flooded Grassland Northern Forest Steppe Of The Ukraine, A Bogovin, I Kopysterinski, N Kuksin, I Palamarchuk

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Periodically flooded grasslands covering vast areas are a major resource of forage produc­tion in the Ukraine. Irrigation and fertiliza­tion are major factors in raising yields from such grassland. Under irrigation and grazing use, the optimum fertilizer rate was found to be 240 kg N + 60 kg P + 90 kg K/ha. With this fertilizer rate (nitrogen being applied in split dressings) and under ration grazing of natural pastures, herbage yields of approximately 10 t DM/ha are obtained, whilst seeded swards produce 12 t DM/ha and more.

Qualitative And Quantitative Changes In Yield From Sown Grassland At Varying Rates And Proportions Of N, P And K Fertilization, L Yu Kadzhyulis, V A. Vasilyauskene, Ya Yu Banikonene, L I. Brunene, N F. Daugelene, T P. Tamulis

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Between 1972 and 1975, in 4 locations of sown pastures and meadows research workers of the Lithuanian Research Institute of Agri­culture conducted a factorial experiment using the following fertilizer rates: O; 120, 240 kg N/ha, up to 180 kg P2O5/ha, and up to 240 -360 kg K2 O/ha. The experiment was per­formed with a view to studying the fertilizer effect on dry matter yield as well as on the botanical and chemical composition of the forage. The following rates and proportions of N, P2O5, and K2O (in kg/ha) proved to be most effective in the locations tested: Dotnuva (non-acid loamy …

Effect Of Nitrogen-Potassium Levels On The Yield Of Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.), G Crespo, J Perez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The effects of combining levels of 0, 150, 300, 450, 600, and 750 kg K/ha/year and 0, 300, 600, 900, 1200, and 1500 kg N/ha/year on the DM yield and NK contents of Guinea grass were studied in a latosolic soil, not K-deficient, by using a factorial design with two replications. The experiment lasted 2 years. During the first 6 months there was no response to K appli­cations and yield only increased with increasing N fertilization (4.3 t/ha with N0 up to 12.8 t/ha with 60 kg N/ha). For the rest of the experi­ment it was found necessary to apply …

Changes In The Content Of Some Mineral Elements In The Pasture Forage Under The Fertilization Effect, Zbigniew Wasilewski

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grazing experiments were carried out in the period 1973-1975 on 16 pastures situated in different ecological and climatic conditions of Poland. Fertilization was applied at rates of 80 kg P2O5 and 100 kg K2O/ha annually and 60 kg N/ha for each regrowth (in total 240 to 360 kg N/ha/year). Average yields came up to 9 tons of absolute dry matter per hectare. These fertilizer quantities, as a rule, led to an improvement of forage quality. Phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, and manganese contents increased and potassium and zinc .contents declined. The data concerning par­ticular pastures showed, however, considerable deviations from the …

Influence Of Mineral Fertilization On The Quality Of Meadow Grasses, A Klesnil, F Turek

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The effect of different rates of nitrogen fertili­zation combined with PK on the quality of 6 important meadow grasses (Dactylis glomerata, Poa pratensis, Holcus lanatus, Trisetum jla­vescens, Alopecurus pratensis, and Deschampsia caespitosa) was studied from 1973 to 1975. Complete NPK nutrition at rates of I 00 and 100 + 50 kg N/ha distinctly increased the di­gestible crude protein content in the tested grasses, especially in the first cut (in Dactylis glomerata by 44-56 %, in Poa pratensis by 54 %, and in Trisetum jlavescens by 35 %). Application of 50 kg N/ha after the first cut produced maximum increase of …

The Effect Of Different Fertilization Intensities (Npk) On Grass/Legume Mixtures On Eroded Soil In The Mountains, Milan Muatovic, Jasna Pavesic-Popovic

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

With adequate grass/legume mixtures, degraded and eroded soils in the mountainous regions can be utilized efficiently. Simultaneously, high­quality forage can be obtained. The experimental results obtained from 1970 to 1975 show that with adequate NPK ferti­lization high-quality forage yields can be pro­duced from the mixtures. Without fertilization the weeds, autochthonous varieties, and low grasses increase in the sward. NPK fertilization promotes the cultivated varieties, especially the tall grasses, and in­creases the yields. Higher amounts of NPK fertilizer cause a simplification of the plant stand, the legumes and low grasses disappear, whereas Dactylis glomerata increases. With the change of botanical composition …

Experiments About The Nutrition Of Grassland Ecosystems With Respect To Different Times Of Npk Application, Eduard Halva, Josef Lesak

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Experiments carried out during the years 1971 to 1973 have shown that a uniform system of the nutrition of grassland associations cannot be introduced into all production areas and all types of forage crops represented in Czechoslo­vakia. In relation to the complexity of the studied problems and to the diversity of soil and climatic conditions in the production areas, it is necessary to propose the adequate systems of nutrition after several series of experiments or to base them on empirical experience drawn from the studied production area. The testing of different times of application of identical nutrient rates (150 kg …

Possibilities Of Increasing The Crude Protein Content 1n Various Types Of Grass Stands In Different Ecological Conditions Of Slovakia, Stanislav Lichner

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

From 1969 to 1974, the effect of rising fertilizer levels on the crude protein content was examined in 46 locations and 10 types of grass stands. The effect of PK fertilization on the crude protein content was relatively small, the botani­cal composition of stands was not changed. There was no essential influence of climate or soil conditions. Rising nitrogen levels and the number of cuts taken produced a more pro­nounced effect on the crude protein content. The crude protein content increased up to the highest dose of 480 kg N/ha. At this, some equalization was found between the types of …

Variations In The Dry Matter Production And N Uptake Of A Meadow Subjected To Many Years Of Intensive Fertilization, I Folkman, R Holubek

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

13-year experiments have shown that dry mat­ter production and nitrogen uptake are closely connected with precipitation. In well fertilized stands this connection is less distinct. In the course of years, however, it becomes indistinct because dry matter yields and nitrogen uptake decrease even under heavy fertilization.

Grassland makes up 34.3 % of Slovakia's agri­cultural land. Among the most fertile grasslands are the wide valley meadows, which is why the production potential of these meadows has been studied with a view to intensifying agricultural production. Research reports have shown ferti­lization, and especially nitrogen fertilizers, to play a key role [l]. Nitrogen …

Effects Of Fertilization On Productivity, Botanical Composition, And Herbage Quality Of Meadows Of The Chrysopogonetum Gryllii Type, Totyu Totev, Kostadin Koev, Kiro Kostov

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

garia, with the view to establishing the effects of fertilization on the productivity, botanical composition, and herbage quality of meadows of the Chrysopogonetum gryllii type. Meadows of that kind are quite common on grey forest soils, pH 4.5, and usually characterized by nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium deficits. Nitrogen fertilization with per-hectare quan­tities between 150 kg and 200 kg, in addition to basal fertilization with l 00 kg P + I 00 kg K/ha, was found to change the botanical com­position of meadows of the Chrysopogonetum gryllii type to the extent that in the third year this species strongly declined or …

Increasing Fertility And Improving The Biological Profile Of Heavy Meadow Soils, D Haken

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

On three meadow sites with heavy pseudogley and gley soils the effect of several methods of ameliorative tillage (ameliorative ploughing, subsoil loosening, deep fertilization) was examined. By the mentioned tillage methods some physical properties of the soil were im­proved, above all porosity and permeability. Ameliorative ploughing increased the content of organic matter and nitrogen in the soil profile; it also produced a stimulating effect on microbial processes in the soil. The effectiveness of these methods, however, was mostly of short duration. The average quantitative and qual­itative effect of the examined methods was low. Small yield increment in terms of forage …

Productivity Of Field Grass And Perennial Leguminous Plants As Influenced By Nitrogen Fertilization On Different Sites, R Jauert, O Hagemann, H Ansorge

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Experiments were conducted over a period of three years to determine the effect of rising levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 120, 240, 360, 480 kg/ha) on the dry matter yields and crude protein contents of red clover (Trifolium pralense L.), alfalfa (Medicago saliva L.), clover grass (16 kg Trifolium pralense L. + 4 kg Lolium mullijlorum Lam.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium mullijlorum Lam.), and cocksfoot (Dac­lylis glomerala L.). The soil types in the indi­vidual locations were chernozem, loam-clay, lightly loamed sand, strongly sandy loam, and sandy loam. Nitrogen fertilization for alfalfa and red clover proved unprofitable in locations where reliable yields …

Growing Lucerne/ Grass Mixtures At Intensive Nitrogen Fertilization, Anna Jelinowska

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The productivity of luceme/grass mixtures was investigated in field conditions at some ex­periment stations of the Instytut Uprawy Na­wozenia i Gleboznawstwa over the years 1969 to 1975. The luceme/grass mixtures fertilized with high doses of nitrogen gave much higher yields than both luceme and grasses g:rown as pure crops. The yield of mixtures was found to depend mainly on the level of nitrogen application and on the management and ferti­lization of the cover crop.