Exercise Physiology Commons^™

Effects Of A Ten Week Barbell Deadlift Training Program On Vertical Jump Height In College-Aged Women, Kendra D. Olinghouse, Matt S. Stock, Jacob A. Mota, Elias M. Carrillo, Ibrahim K. Munayer, Jocarol E. Shields, Micheal J. Luera, Brennan J. Thompson

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

The barbell deadlift is a large muscle mass exercise that primarily involves extension at the hip and knee joints. Although it is often incorporated into strength training programs with a variety of other exercises (e.g., back squat), no previous studies have examined the effects of deadlift training on strength or power adaptations. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of a ten week barbell deadlift training program on vertical jump height in previously untrained women. Twenty-eight women (mean ± SD age = 22 ± 2 years) were randomly assigned to either the training group (n = 17) …

Relationships Among Maximal And Explosive Strength Production Of The Leg Extensors And Vertical Jump Peak Power Output In Female Youth Volleyball Athletes, Alexander S. Drusch, Jacob A. Mota, Kendra D. Olinghouse, Matt S. Stock, Brennan J. Thompson

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

Architectural and physical performance measurements are commonly implemented to identify various physical capacities in many populations. However, previous research has suggested architectural measures, notably in the leg extensors, are ineffective predictors of vertical jumping (VJ) performance. Given the functional relevance of rapid strength development on explosive dynamic tasks, further research is warranted examining, a) the presence of associations of maximal (e.g., peak torque; PT) and, in particular, explosive (e.g., rate of torque development; RTD) strength-related characteristics with jumping performance in the leg extensors, and b) the extent to which PT and RTD either uniquely, or synergistically contribute to VJ performance. …

Relative Importance And Plasticity Of Anatomical And Neuromuscular Factors Affecting Joint Torque Production, Joanne C. Trezise

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The present research aimed to determine (i) the relative influence anatomical and neuromuscular variables on maximal isometric, concentric and eccentric knee extensor torque (Study 1); (ii) whether the change in strength following a 10-week strength training program is associated with changes in specific anatomical and neuromuscular variables (Study 2a); (iii) whether anatomical and neuromuscular adaptations are dependent on their pre-training magnitudes; and (iv) whether it is possible to ‘predict’ an individual’s adaptation to strength training based on their anatomical and neuromuscular pre-training magnitudes (Study 2b).

The variables assessed throughout the studies include muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), fascicle length and angle …

The Effects Of Active Recovery During High Intensity Resistance Training On Lactate Clearance In Collegiate Athletes, Christopher Alexander Perry

Online Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: With the development of more intense and complex strength and conditioning programs, it is necessary to discover the best possible means of recovery during workout sessions to increase athletic performance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of active recovery during the rest periods of a resistance training session on lactate clearance in varsity collegiate athletes.

Methods: Twenty healthy varsity collegiate athletes age 18-22 yr participated in a collegiate strength and conditioning workout session. Participants were randomly divided into an active recovery group (A.R.) and a passive recovery group (P.R.). Both groups performed 5 exercises for …

Linear Progression For Increased External Loads During Strength Training, Jacob A. Mota, Matt S. Stock, Kendra D. Olinghouse, Elias M. Carrillo, Ibrahim K. Munayer, Jocarol E. Shields, Micheal J. Luera, Brennan J. Thompson

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

Improvements in muscular strength require an individual to train with progressively increased external loads over time. While it is well documented that the initial adaptations to strength training occur rapidly, previous researchers have not thoroughly examined the most effective means of inducing these changes. The purpose of this study was to examine the ability to add 2.27 kg to the barbell for 20 consecutive training sessions, and to compare these responses between the sexes. Thirty-four subjects ([mean ± SD age = 23 ± 3 years] men, n = 17; women, n = 17) participated in this study. The subjects were …

Leg Lean Mass Adaptations Following Short-Term Barbell Training In Women, Jacob A. Mota, Matt S. Stock, Kendra D. Olinghouse, Alexander S. Drusch, Brennan J. Thompson

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

Participations in a resistance training program results in both neural adaptations and increases in lean body mass, the latter of which is considered a slow process. The majority of previous investigations that have examined the time course associated with muscular adaptations have utilized exercise machines or single-joint movements. Furthermore, the adaptations associated with resistance training in women are not as well understood as those for men. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of a four week resistance training intervention on changes in leg lean mass in untrained, college-aged women. Thirty-five women (mean ± SD age = …

Relationships Between Anthropometric And Performance Variables In Youth: Predictors Of Lower-Body Vertical Jump Peak Power, Alexander S. Drusch, Elias M. Carrillo, Jacob Adam Mota, Kendra D. Olinghouse, Matt S. Stock, Marc R. Lochbaum, Brennan J. Thompson

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

Anthropometric and physical performance measurements are commonly used for identifying specific physical traits in youth. Laboratory-based tests (e.g., linear velocity transducers), while accurate, provide practical limitations due to high costs and technical necessities. Thus, commonly used field tests may be useful alternatives for assessing fitness/performance characteristics of youth. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between anthropometric measures and lower-and upper-body power and strength measures; and to assess the predictive ability of these measures for lower-body vertical jump peak power (PP) output in youth. Thirty-nine pre-adolescent (mean±SD, range: age=7.8±1.7, 5-12 years) children volunteered to participate in this …

Comparison Of Two Different Sprint Interval Training Work-To-Rest Ratios On Acute Metabolic And Inflammatory Responses, Christopher R. Harnish

Theses and Dissertations

High intensity exercise is believed to yield greater results on health and human performance than moderate intensity exercise. Extensive research indicates that not only do high-intensity interval training (HIT) and sprint interval training (SIT) produce significant improvements in cardiovascular fitness and disease, they may be more effective at improving long-term metabolic function, including insulin sensitivity (Si), by producing more mitochondria. Moreover, compliance rates for HIT and SIT participation are reported to be the same or better than traditional moderate intensity exercise. Because lack of time is often cited as major hindrance to exercise participation, SIT is also seen as a …

Pain Assessment And Possible Mechanism Of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, Wing Yin Lau

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Muscle pain is felt during exercise or daily activities for several days after performing unaccustomed exercise, which is referred to as delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Many people experience DOMS, but its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. One of the challenges in the investigation of DOMS is its subjective nature, which makes the assessment ambiguous, thus establishing a standardised protocol is necessary. The present thesis scrutinised muscle pain assessments (Study 1, Study 2), developed a new assessment of muscle pain focusing on muscle fascia (Study 3), and investigated why DOMS is reduced after the second than the first bout …

Neuromuscular Fatigue Following A Singles Badminton Match, Zengyuan Lin

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

A typical badminton singles match involves numerous intense and high impact movements. Lunges were accounted for approximately 15% of overall movements and were believed to presumably induce significant muscle damage following a match. However, no previous study has investigated changes in knee extensor muscle function after a badminton match.The present study investigated changes in knee extensor neuromuscular function and muscle soreness after a simulated 1-h badminton singles match in relation to the number of lunges performed in the match.

Ten state-level male badminton players were recruited (n=10), with each player played a total of eight simulated 1-h matches under the …

Neuromuscular Factors Affecting Stretch-Induced Torque Loss, Gabriel Siqueira Trajano

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The mechanisms underpinning the immediate torque loss induced by acute, static muscle stretching are still not clear. The current research was designed to examine the neuromuscular factors influencing this torque loss. In Study 1, the contributions of central versus peripheral factors to the stretch-induced torque loss were investigated. Measures of central drive, including the EMG amplitude normalised to the muscle compound action potential amplitude (EMG:M), percent voluntary activation (%VA) and first volitional wave amplitude (V:M), and measures of peripheral function, including the twitch peak torque and 20:80 Hz tetanic torque ratio were made before, and immediately and 15 min after …

The Relationship Between Dorsiflexion Range Of Motion And Knee Kinematics In A Land-And-Jump Task, Nate Brookreson

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

The study examined the relationship between weight-bearing and non weight-bearing dorsiflexion range of motion and frontal knee kinematics at initial ground contact and maximal knee flexion in a land-and-jump task. Thirteen male participants (age = 23 + 2.35 y, height = 181.4 + 5.68 cm, mass = 84.5 + 17.2 kg) proficient in landing and jumping techniques and free from lower limb injury participated in the study. Measurement of ankle range of motion was conducted utilizing non weight-bearing and weight-bearing positions prior to participating in the land-and jump task. During the jump, a 10-camera Vicon 3D Motion Analysis System captured …

Variability Of Practice And Strength Training Periodization: When Theories Collide, Katherine Lauren Streder

Master's Theses

The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether variability of practice enhances neuromuscular adaptations when compared to traditional strength training. The secondary purpose was to investigate whether there was a difference in perception of exertion between the two strength programs. Forty one subjects (23 women and 18 men) were assigned to either the control group or one of two treatment groups by a blocked-random method. Subject's one repetition maximum (1RM) for the kettlebell press and leg press were measured at baseline, after 4 weeks of training, and after 8 weeks of training. The treatment groups completed 8 weeks …

The Efficacy Of Partial Squats On Measures Of Strength And Explosiveness: An Exploratory Study, Caleb D. Bazyler, Kimitake Sato, Craig A. Wassinger, Hugh S. Lamont, Michael H. Stone

ETSU Faculty Works

Abstract available in the 8th Annual Coaches and Sport Science College.

Validity Of Boston Marathon Qualifying Times, Paul M. Vanderburgh

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

Purpose: To assess the validity of Boston Marathon qualifying (BMQ) standards for men and women. Methods: Percent differences between BMQ and current world records (WR) by sex and age group were computed. WR was chosen as the criterion comparison because it is not confounded by intensity, body composition, lifestyle, or environmental factors. A consistent difference across age groups would indicate an appropriate slope of the age-vs-BMQ curve. Inconsistent differences were corrected by adjusting BMQ standards to achieve a uniform percentage difference from WR. Results: BMQ standards for men were consistently ~50% slower than WR (mean 51.5% ± …

Insulin Responsiveness In Metabolic Syndrome After Eight Weeks Of Cycle Training, Charles A. Stuart, Mark A. South, Michelle L. Lee, Melanie P. Mccurry, Mary E. A. Howell, Michael W. Ramsey, Michael H. Stone

ETSU Faculty Works

Introduction Insulin resistance in obesity is decreased after successful diet and exercise. Aerobic exercise training alone was evaluated as an intervention in subjects with the metabolic syndrome.

Methods Eighteen nondiabetic, sedentary subjects, 11 with the metabolic syndrome, participated in 8 wk of increasing intensity stationary cycle training.

Results Cycle training without weight loss did not change insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome subjects or sedentary control subjects. Maximal oxygen consumption (V˙O2max), activated muscle AMP-dependent kinase, and muscle mitochondrial marker ATP synthase all increased. Strength, lean body mass, and fat mass did not change. The activated mammalian target of rapamycin was not …

Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse Improves 1.5 H Run Performance: Is There A Dose-Effect?, Benjamin F. Wright, Glen Davison

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(4) : 328-340, 2013. There is a substantial body of recent evidence showing ergogenic effects of carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinsing on endurance performance. However, there is a lack of research on the dose-effect and the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two different concentrations (6% and 12% weight/volume, w/v) on 90 minute treadmill running performance. Seven active males took part in one familiarization trial and three experimental trials (90-minute self-paced performance trials). Solutions (placebo, 6% or 12% CHO-electrolyte solution, CHO-E) were rinsed in the mouth at the beginning, and at 15, …

The Influence Of Start Position, Initial Step Type, And Usage Of A Focal Point On Sprinting Performance, Jennifer L. Dysterheft, William J. Lewinski, Dawn A. Seefeldt, Robert W. Pettitt

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(4) : 320-327, 2013. For many athletes, sprinting acceleration is vital to sport performance. The purpose of this study was to observe the influences of starting position, type of initial step taken, and a focal point on sprinting velocity, stride length, and acceleration over a 9.1 m distance. Two trials of four conditions were video recorded in which subjects had no focal point (n = 10) or a lateral focal point (n ₌ 9). The four conditions were: forwards (control), backwards, 90° left (90°L), and 90° right (90°R). Lower velocities (p > 0.05) were …

Evaluating Acute Changes In Joint Range-Of-Motion Using Self-Myofascial Release, Postural Alignment Exercises, And Static Stretches, Derek S. Roylance, James D. George, Adam M. Hammer, Nicole Rencher, Gilbert W. Fellingham, Ronald L. Hager, William J. Myrer

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(4) : 310-319, 2013. This study was designed to compare the acute effect of self-myofascial release (SMR), postural alignment exercises, and static stretching on joint range-of-motion. Our sample included 27 participants (n = 14 males and n = 13 females) who had below average joint range-of-motion (specifically a sit-and-reach score of 13.5 inches [34.3 cm] or less). All were university students 18–27 years randomly assigned to complete two 30–40-minute data collection sessions with each testing session consisting of three sit-and-reach measurements (which involved lumbar spinal flexion, hip flexion, knee extension, and ankle dorsiflexion) interspersed with …

Increasing The Distance Of An External Focus Of Attention Has Limited Effects On Standing Long Jump Performance, William Westphal, Jared M. Porter

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 6(4) : 300-309, 2013. Several previous studied have demonstrated that adopting an external focus of attention (i.e., directing attention towards the result of the movement) improves the performance of a variety of motor skills. The objective of this study was to investigate if increasing the distance of an external focus of attention would further improve standing long jump performance. We hypothesized that as the distance of the external focus increased so would jumping distance. We also hypothesized that when subjects completed jumps in the external focus of attention conditions they would jump significantly further than …