Exercise Physiology Commons^™

Resistance Training Recovery: Considerations For Single Vs. Multi-Joint Movements And Upper Vs. Lower Body Muscles, John A. Korak, James M. Green, Eric K. O'Neal

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(1) : 85-96, 2015. This study examined muscle recovery patterns between single-joint (SJ) versus multi-joint (MJ), and upper-body (UB) versus lower-body (LB) exercises and the utility of perceptual measures (ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and perceived recovery scale (PRS)) to assess recovery status. A 10 rep max (10-RM) was determined for 6 SJ and 4 MJ exercises (5 UB and 5 LB) for male recreational weightlifters (n = 10). Participants completed a baseline protocol including 8 repetitions at 85% of 10-RM followed by a set to failure with 100% of 10-RM. In a counter-balanced crossover …

The Acute Effect Of Hip External Rotator Stretches On Hip Internal Rotation Range Of Motion, Cody B. Bremner, Tedd J. Girouard, Michelle N. Samuel, Catherine L. Turner, Antonio S. Santo, John A. Mercer

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(1): 75-84, 2015. The effects of static stretching on range of motion have been widely studied. However, most of the research has focused on hamstring stretching. The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effect of two commonly used static stretches on hip internal rotation passive range of motion (HIR-PROM). Participants (N=30, 15 male, 15 female; 22±1.8 yrs.; 173.5±8.5cm; 73.8±12.7 kg) were randomly assigned (with gender controlled) to one of three groups: control, figure 4 stretch and modified lunge stretch. Pre-test and post-test HIR-PROM was measured on each subject’s non-dominant hip. HIR-PROM was …

Acute High Intensity Anaerobic Training And Rhabdomyolysis Risk, William Goodenkauf, Matt Heesch, Brent Hassenstab, Robert J. Shute, Dustin Slivka

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(1) : 65-74, 2015. The current popularity of high intensity anaerobic training has caused concerns over the safety and prevalence of conditions such as rhabdomyolysis; thus it is important to understand the possible risks of participating in this type of activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of muscle damage associated with a single high intensity anaerobic training session, and the relationship of this response to markers of fitness. Fifteen recreationally trained male participants (age 22.9 ± 4.3 y, mass 87.3 ± 15.6 kg, body fat 16.8 ± 6.4%, VO_{2 …}

The Effects Of Vascular Occlusion Training On Respiratory Exchange Ratio And Energy Expenditure When Coupled With Cardiovascular Training, Justin Sprick, Richard Lloyd, James Eldridge

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(1) : 57-64, 2015. Vascular occlusion training is a novel training modality that has received considerable attention in the exercise science literature. The current study is the first of its kind to look at the effects of vascular occlusion training on substrate utilization when combined with aerobic training. This study examined the effects of pairing a vascular occlusion training protocol with a bout of submaximal aerobic exercise on energy expenditure (EE) and fuel use during exercise. Subjects performed a 20 minute bout of sub-maximal aerobic exercise either exclusively, or after performing a body weight squat …

The Effects Of A 12-Week Faculty And Staff Exercise Program On Health-Related Variables In A University Setting, Michael J. Rebold, Mallory S. Kobak, Kylene Peroutky, Ellen L. Glickman

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(1) : 49-56, 2015. The obesity epidemic has grown in the past decade due to physical inactivity (i.e., having a sedentary job) and an increase in caloric intake. This problem combined with the reluctance of many faculty and staff members exercising in the same environment as student’s presents a unique challenge in an academic setting. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a 12-week exercise program focused toward the faculty and staff in improving several health-related variables such as curl-ups, push-ups, sit-and-reach, and balance. Fifty-seven faculty and staff participated in the …

Functional Performance In Older Adults After A Combination Multicomponent Exercise Program And Bingo Game, K. Jason Crandall, Ciaran Fairman, James Anderson

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(1) : 38-48, 2015. Inexpensive exercise interventions are needed to attract and retain older adults to participate in sufficient amounts of exercise to improve functional performance (FP). This study examined the addition of a program enhancing game, bingo, to a multicomponent exercise program (Bingocize^TM). Older adults (18 women, M age = 75.1 (8.63) years, participated 2 days per week (45- 60 minute sessions) for 10 weeks. Participants sat at tables with bingo cards, balance pads, and exercise bands. Exercises were alternated with rolls of bingo until a participant won the bingo game. Pre …

Use Of Sports Science Knowledge By Turkish Coaches, Koray Kilic, Mustafa Levent Ince

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(1) : 21-37, 2015. The purpose of this study is to examine the following research questions in Turkish coaching context: a) What are coaches’ perceptions on the application of sport science research to their coaching methods? b) What sources do coaches utilize to obtain the knowledge they need? c) What barriers do coaches encounter when trying to access and apply the knowledge they need for their sport? In addition, differences in research questions responses were examined based on gender, years of coaching experience, academic educational level, coaching certificate level, coaching team or individual sports, and …

Acute Effects Of Whole-Body Vibration And Resistance Exercise On Cortisol Levels In Young Men, Zhaojing Chen, Pragya Sharma-Ghimire, Xin Ye, Daeyeol Kim, Michael Bemben, Debra A. Bemben

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(1) : 11-20, 2015. Few studies have focused on the acute hormone responses to whole-body vibration (WBV) combined with resistance exercise. The purpose of this study was to compare the cortisol response to a single bout of WBV combined with resistance exercise (WBV + RE) and resistance exercise only (RE) in young men (n=9). This study used a cross-over repeated measures design. 1-RM testing was performed for four lower body and two upper body isotonic resistance exercises. Subjects performed the RE condition (80% 1-RM, three sets, 10 reps) and the WBV+RE condition (20 Hz, five …

Actual Versus Predicted Cardiovascular Demands In Submaximal Cycle Ergometer Testing, Amanda M. Hoehn, Megan J. Mullenbach, Charles J. Fountaine

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 8(1) : 4-10, 2015. The Astrand-Rhyming cycle ergometer test (ARCET) is a commonly administered submaximal test for estimating aerobic capacity. Whereas typically utilized in clinical populations, the validity of the ARCET to predict VO_2max in a non-clinical population, especially female, is less clear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of the ARCET in a sample of healthy and physically active college students. Subjects (13 females, 10 males) performed a maximal cycle ergometer test to volitional exhaustion to determine VO_2max. At least 48 hours later, subjects performed the …

2014 International Journal Of Exercise Science Reviewer List

International Journal of Exercise Science

2014 International Journal of Exercise Science Reviewer List. International Journal of Exercise Science 8(1) : 1-3, 2015.

Gait Intervention For Improvements In Human Top Speed Running, Michelle Buechner

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Between individuals faster sprinting speeds are achieved by applying greater stance average forces against the running surface. Recent evidence further indicates that elite level performers also strike the ground with leg kinematics that differ from those of non-elites and that these leg movements act to enhance the force transients occurring in the milliseconds following foot-ground impact. I investigated whether sprint performance could be enhanced through a short term gait intervention, consisting of 3 laboratory training sessions wherein subjects (n = 6) completed 5 high-speed runs on an instrumented force treadmill at 90% of their measured top sprint. The subjects received …

Novel Drug 2-Benzoyl-3-Phenyl 6,7-Dichloroquinoxaline 1,4-Dioxide Induces Colon Cancer Cell Apoptosis Through Hif-1Α Pathway, Alexander-Jacques Theodore Sougiannis

Theses and Dissertations

Recent developments in the field of cancer genomics have shown transcription factor HIF-1α as a major player in the survival and proliferation of colorectal tumors. Hypoxia targeted drug engineering has led to significant advancements in cancer treatments as a method of directly utilizing the hypoxic regions against the tumor. Novel drug DCQ (2-benzoyl-3-phenyl 6,7-dichloroquinoxaline 1,4-dioxide) has shown promising anti-tumor results in-vitro and in-vivo. The purpose of this study was to utilize a tumor xenograft and genetic mouse model of colorectal cancer to investigate the safety, clinical effectiveness, and mechanism of action of DCQ. Methods: 10 week old Balb/c mice were …

Mechanical Plasticity: Skeletal Muscle Adaptations, Naomi Broker

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the adaptations that occur in human skeletal muscle in response to endurance and resistance exercises. The advances made in science over the past several decades increased the number of methods available for the classification of muscle fibers, resulting in many fiber type classes and their corresponding characteristics. This allows for the tracking of changes that occur within the muscle fibers. The heterogeneous collection of fiber types found within a muscle allows for its dynamic nature. Myosin form expression varies according to the muscle’s changing functional demands. In response to endurance training, muscle …

Intramuscular Anabolic Signaling And Endocrine Response Following Different Resistance Exercise Protocols In Trained Men, Adam Gonzalez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway appears to be the primary regulator of protein synthesis and growth. While resistance exercise paradigms are often divided into hypertrophy (HYP) and strength (STR) protocols, it is unknown whether these protocols differentially stimulate mTORC1 signaling. The purpose of this study was to examine mTORC1 signaling in conjunction with circulating hormone concentrations following a typical lower-body HYP and STR resistance exercise protocol. Ten resistance-trained men (24.7±3.4y; 90.1±11.3kg; 176.0±4.9cm) performed each resistance exercise protocol in a random, counterbalanced order. Blood samples were obtained at baseline (BL), immediately (IP), 30 minutes (30P), 1 …

Acute Pro-Inflammatory Immune Response Following Different Resistance Exercise Protocols In Trained Men, Adam Wells

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The successful regeneration of muscle tissue is dependent upon the infiltration of phagocytic CD14++CD16- monocytes that support the proliferation and differentiation of myogenic precursor cells. Physiologically, the magnitude of the cellular response following resistance exercise is dictated by the level of receptor expression on the plasma membrane of the monocyte, as well as the secretion of their cognate ligands from tissue resident cells. However, it remains unclear whether the innate pro-inflammatory immune response varies with different resistance training protocols, and how it may impact recovery and the muscle remodeling process. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to examine temporal …

Effects Of A Six-Week Functional Training Program On Fitness And Body Composition Of Fire Science Majors, Kristen Anne Lebrun

Online Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: The leading cause of on duty death of firefighters is sudden cardiac events. Current research has shown the effects of fire physical training programs on firefighters, but has not researched fire specific physical training programs for the fire science major population. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a six-week functional program on fitness and body composition of fire science majors. Methods: Fire science college students (N = 16) volunteered to take part in a six-week fire specific fitness program. The subjects that fully completed the study (N = 12) were randomly assigned to …

The Effects On Acute Power Production Enhancement And Maintenance Due To Pre-Workout Supplementation In Recreationally Trained College Aged Males., Mark Travis Byrd

Online Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: The current research in power production has shown the use of pre-workout supplements to increase peak power production, but the current research has not yet been able to delve in to the effectiveness of pre-workout supplementation on maintaining power production.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects on acute power production enhancement and maintenance due to supplementation in recreationally trained college aged individuals.

Methods: Data was collected from 13 recreationally trained, college-aged males in a double-blind crossover study. After a familiarization sessions subjects participated in three testing sessions utilizing a cross over double blind design …

Estimates Of Persistent Inward Current In Human Motor Neurons During Postural Sway, Ryan Foley, Jayne M. Kalmar Dr.

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Persistent inward current (PIC) is a membrane property critical for increasing gain of motor neuron output. In humans, most estimates of PIC are made from plantarflexor or dorsiflexor motor units with the participant in a seated position with the knee flexed. This seated and static posture neglects the task-dependent nature of the monoaminergic drive that modulates PIC activation. Seated estimates may drastically underestimate the amount of PIC that occurs in human motor neurons during functional movement. The current study estimated PIC using the conventional paired motor unit technique which uses the difference between reference unit firing frequency at test unit …

The Effect Of Training Volume And Intensity On Improvements In Muscular Strength And Size In Resistance-Trained Men, Gerald Mangine

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The magnitude of improvements in muscular strength and size are influenced by the volume and intensity of a resistance training program. While it is clearly advantageous for resistance-trained individuals to utilize programming specific to these goals, it not clear which is more important. Therefore the purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effect of focusing on training volume versus intensity on changes in muscle size and strength. Changes in muscular strength and size were examined in 29 resistance-trained men following 8 weeks of resistance training. Participants were randomly assigned to either a high volume (VOL, n = 14, …

Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Body Fatness Effect On Submaximal Systolic Blood Pressure And Cardiovascular Prognosis Among Young Adults, Vivek Kumar Prasad

Theses and Dissertations

Cardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVDs) are known to be the leading cause of death globally, as CVDs account for the highest rate of mortality compared to any other causes. The mortality from CVDs, is projected to increase to nearly 23.3 million by 2030. Mortality number due to CVD in the United States is 600,000 per year, thus representing nearly 1 in every 4 deaths. Exercise blood pressure (BP) is an important marker of CV events that are associated with incident CV morbidity and mortality among individuals with or without any CVD at present. Elevated exercise BP among individuals with normal resting …