Thoughts On Quorum Sensing And Fungal Dimorphism, 2012 University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Thoughts On Quorum Sensing And Fungal Dimorphism, Kenneth W. Nickerson, Audrey L. Atkin, Jessica C. Hargarten, Ruvini U. Pathirana, Sahar Hasim
Papers in Microbiology
Farnesol has been best studied for its role in regulating fungal dimorphism. However, farnesol is also a lipid and in this review we analyze data relevant to farnesol’s function and synthesis from the perspective of farnesol and bacterial endotoxins acting as membrane active compounds. This analysis implicates the possible roles of: (1) endotoxins in the regulation of farnesol production by C. albicans; (2) farnesol in the interactions between C. albicans and the host during disseminated infections; and (3) ubiquinones in the mechanisms for unusually high resistance to farnesol by some C. albicans cell types. Finally we discuss the implications …
Copper–Zinc Superoxide Dismutase-Deficient Mice Show Increased Susceptibility To Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Induced With Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein 35–55, 2012 University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Copper–Zinc Superoxide Dismutase-Deficient Mice Show Increased Susceptibility To Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Induced With Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein 35–55, Chandirasegara Massilamany, Arunakumar Gangaplara, Heejeong Kim, Charlotte Standord, Govardhan Rathnaiah, David Steffen, Jaekwon Lee, Jay Reddy
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
In this report, we have addressed the role of copper–zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) deficiency in the mediation of central nervous system autoimmunity. We demonstrate that SOD1-deficient C57Bl/6 mice develop more severe autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) 35–55, compared with wild type mice. This alteration in the disease phenotype was not due to aberrant expansion of MOG-specific T cells nor their ability to produce inflammatory cytokines; rather lymphocytes generated in SOD1-deficient mice were more prone to spontaneous cell death when compared with their wild type littermate controls. The data point to a role for SOD1 in the maintenance …
Rhodotorula Minuta Fungemia In A Ewe Lamb, 2012 USDA-ARS
Rhodotorula Minuta Fungemia In A Ewe Lamb, C G. Chitko-Mckown, K A. Leymaster, M. P. Heaton, D D. Griffin, J K. Veatch, S A. Jones, M. L. Clawson
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
An 8-month-old crossbred ewe, normal upon physical examination, was humanely euthanized for tissue collection. After approximately 3 weeks in tissue culture, fungi began budding out of cells obtained from the choroid plexus. After an additional 3 weeks, budding was observed in kidney cell cultures and eventually in monocyte cultures as well. Serum from the lamb was submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at Colorado State University for fungal diagnosis and was found negative for Aspergillus, Blastomyces, Coccidioidomycosis and Histoplasmosis. DNA was isolated from fungi collected from tissue culture supernatants and used in a set of pan-fungal PCR assays with DNA …
Identification Of Amino Acid Residues Important For Anti-Ifn Activity Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Non-Structural Protein 1, 2012 University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Identification Of Amino Acid Residues Important For Anti-Ifn Activity Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Non-Structural Protein 1, Lalit Beura, Sakthivel Subramaniam, Hiep Vu, Byungjoon Kwon, Asit K. Pattnaik, Fernando A. Osorio
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
The non-structural protein 1 (nsp1) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is partly responsible for inhibition of type I interferon (IFN) response by the infected host. By performing alanine-scanning mutagenesis, we have identified amino acid residues in nsp1α and nsp1β~ (the proteolytic products of nsp1) that when substituted with alanine(s) exhibited significant relief of IFNsuppression. A mutant virus (16-SA, in which residues 16-20 of nsp1β were substituted with alanines) encoding mutant nsp1β recovered from infectious cDNA clone was shown to be attenuated for growth in vitro and induced significantly higher amount of type I IFN transcripts in infected macrophages. …
A Single Amino Acid Change Resulting In Loss Of Fluorescence Of Egfp In A Viral Fusion Protein Confers Fitness And Growth Advantage To The Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, 2012 University of Nebraska-Lincoln
A Single Amino Acid Change Resulting In Loss Of Fluorescence Of Egfp In A Viral Fusion Protein Confers Fitness And Growth Advantage To The Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, Phat X. Dinh, Debasis Panda, Phani B. Das, Subash C. Das, Anshuman Das, Asit K. Pattnaik
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Using a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus encoding eGFP fused in-frame with an essential viral replication protein, the phosphoprotein P, we show that during passage in culture, the virus mutates the nucleotide C289 within eGFP of the fusion protein PeGFP to A or T, resulting in R97S/C amino acid substitution and loss of fluorescence. The resultant non-fluorescent virus exhibits increased fitness and growth advantage over its fluorescent counterpart. The growth advantage of the non-fluorescent virus appears to be due to increased transcription and replication activities of the PeGFP protein carrying the R97S/C substitution. Further, our results show that the R97S/C mutation …
Fusion Of A Fluorescent Protein To The Pul25 Minor Capsid Protein Of Pseudorabies Virus Allows Live-Cell Capsid Imaging With Negligible Impact On Infection, 2012 Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Fusion Of A Fluorescent Protein To The Pul25 Minor Capsid Protein Of Pseudorabies Virus Allows Live-Cell Capsid Imaging With Negligible Impact On Infection, Kevin P. Bohannon, Patricia J. Sollars, Gary E. Pickard, Gregory A. Smith
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
In order to resolve the location and activity of submicroscopic viruses in living cells, viral proteins are often fused to fluorescent proteins (FPs) and visualized by microscopy. In this study, we describe the fusion of FPs to three proteins of pseudorabies virus (PRV) that allowed imaging of capsids in living cells. Included in this study are the first recombinant PRV strains expressing FP–pUL25 fusions based on a design applied to herpes simplex virus type 1 by Homa and colleagues. The properties of each reporter virus were compared in both in vitro and in vivo infection models. PRV strains expressing FP–pUL25 …
Heme Oxygenase-1 Regulates The Immune Response To Influenza Virus Infection And Vaccination In Aged Mice, 2012 Mayo Clinic, Rochester
Heme Oxygenase-1 Regulates The Immune Response To Influenza Virus Infection And Vaccination In Aged Mice, Nathan W. Cummins, Eric A. Weaver, Shannon M. May, Anthony J. Croatt, Oded Foreman, Richard B. Kennedy, Gregory A. Polan, Michael A. Barry, Karl A. Nath, Andrew D. Badley
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Underlying mechanisms of individual variation in severity of influenza infection and response to vaccination are poorly understood. We investigated the effect of reduced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression on vaccine response and outcome of influenza infection. HO-1-deficient and wild-type (WT) mice (kingdom, Animalia; phylum, Chordata; genus/species, Mus musculus) were infected with influenza virus A/PR/8/34 with or without prior vaccination with an adenoviral-based influenza vaccine. A genome-wide association study evaluated the expression of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HO-1 gene and the response to influenza vaccination in healthy humans. HO-1-deficient mice had decreased survival after influenza infection compared to WT mice (median …
Rhodococcus Equi Infection And Interferon-Gamma Regulation In Foals, 2012 University of Kentucky
Rhodococcus Equi Infection And Interferon-Gamma Regulation In Foals, Lingshuang Sun
Theses and Dissertations--Veterinary Science
Rhodococcus equi (R. equi) is one of the most serious causes of pneumonia in young foals. The clinical disease is of great concern to breeding farms worldwide due to the impact of mortality on economic losses. While adult horses are resistant to R. equi, foals exhibit a distinct age-associated susceptibility. The mechanism underlying this susceptibility in foals is not well understood. Interferon-gamma (IFNg) plays an important role in the clearance of R. equi, but its expression is impaired in neonatal foals. Moreover, the regulation of this age-related IFNg expression in foals remains unknown. In humans, IFNg …
Dynamics Of Envelope Evolution In Clade C Shiv-Infected Pig-Tailed Macaques During Disease Progression Analyzed By Ultra-Deep Pyrosequencing, 2012 University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Dynamics Of Envelope Evolution In Clade C Shiv-Infected Pig-Tailed Macaques During Disease Progression Analyzed By Ultra-Deep Pyrosequencing, For Yue Tso, Damien C. Tully, Sandra Gonzalez, Christopher Quince, On Ho, Patricia Polacino, Ruth M. Ruprecht, Shiu-Lok Hu, Charles Wood
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Understanding the evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope during disease progression can provide tremendous insights for vaccine development, and simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection of nonhuman primate provides an ideal platform for such studies. A newly developed clade C SHIV, SHIV-1157ipd3N4, which was able to infect rhesus macaques, closely resembled primary HIV-1 in transmission and pathogenesis, was used to infect several pig-tailed macaques. One of the infected animals subsequently progressed to AIDS, whereas one remained a nonprogressor. The viral envelope evolution in the infected animals during disease progression was analyzed by a bioinformatics approach using ultra-deep …
Molecular Genetic And Biochemical Characterization Of The Vaccinia Virus I3 Protein, The Replicative Single-Stranded Dna Binding Protein, 2012 Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin
Molecular Genetic And Biochemical Characterization Of The Vaccinia Virus I3 Protein, The Replicative Single-Stranded Dna Binding Protein, Matthew D. Greseth, Kathleen A. Boyle, Matthew S. Bluma, Bethany Unger, Matthew S. Wiebe, Jamaria A. Soares-Martins, Nadi T. Wickramasekera, James Wahlberg, Paula Traktman
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Vaccinia virus, the prototypic poxvirus, efficiently and faithfully replicates its approximately 200-kb DNA genome within the cytoplasm of infected cells. This intracellular localization dictates that vaccinia virus encodes most, if not all, of its own DNA replication machinery. Included in the repertoire of viral replication proteins is the I3 protein, which binds to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with great specificity and stability and has been presumed to be the replicative ssDNA binding protein (SSB). We substantiate here that I3 colocalizes with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled nascent viral genomes and that these genomes accumulate in cytoplasmic factories that are delimited by membranes derived from …
Lineage-Specific Differences Between Human And Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Regulation Of Gp120 Trimer Association And Cd4 Binding, 2012 Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Lineage-Specific Differences Between Human And Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Regulation Of Gp120 Trimer Association And Cd4 Binding, Andrés Finzi, Beatriz Pacheco, Shi-Hua Xiang, Marie Pancera, Alon Herschhorn, Liping Wang, Xing Zeng, Anik Desormeaux, Peter D. Kwong, Joseph Sodroski
Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications
Metastable conformations of the gp120 and gp41 envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) must be maintained in the unliganded state of the envelope glycoprotein trimer. Binding of gp120 to the primary receptor, CD4, triggers the transition to an open conformation of the trimer, promoting interaction with the CCR5 chemokine receptor and ultimately leading to gp41-mediated virus-cell membrane fusion and entry. Topological layers in the gp120 inner domain contribute to gp120-trimer association in the unliganded state and to CD4 binding. Here we describe similarities and differences between HIV-1 and SIVmac gp120. In both …
Structure-Function Analysis Of Nel, A Thrombospondin-1-Like Glycoprotein Involved In Neural Development And Functions, 2012 Valparaiso University
Structure-Function Analysis Of Nel, A Thrombospondin-1-Like Glycoprotein Involved In Neural Development And Functions, Masaru Nakamoto
Biology Faculty Publications
Nel (neural epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like molecule) is a multimeric, multimodular extracellular glycoprotein with heparin-binding activity and structural similarities to thrombospondin-1. Nel is predominantly expressed in the nervous system and has been implicated in neuronal proliferation and differentiation, retinal axon guidance, synaptic functions, and spatial learning. The Nel protein contains an N-terminal thrombospondin-1 (TSP-N) domain, five cysteine-rich domains, and six EGF-like domains. However, little is known about the functions of specific domains of the Nel protein. In this study, we have performed structure-function analysis of Nel, by using a series of expression constructs for different regions of the Nel protein. …
Using Comparative Genomics For Inquiry-Based Learning To Dissect Virulence Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 And Yersinia Pestis, 2012 University of Wisconsin-Madison
Using Comparative Genomics For Inquiry-Based Learning To Dissect Virulence Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 And Yersinia Pestis, David J. Baumler, Lois M. Banta, Kai F. Hung, Jodi A. Schwarz, Eric L. Cabot, Jeremy D. Glasner, Nicole T. Perna
Kai F. Hung
Genomics and bioinformatics are topics of increasing interest in undergraduate biological science curricula. Many existing exercises focus on gene annotation and analysis of a single genome. In this paper, we present two educational modules designed to enable students to learn and apply fundamental concepts in comparative genomics using examples related to bacterial pathogenesis. Students first examine alignments of genomes of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains isolated from three food-poisoning outbreaks using the multiple-genome alignment tool Mauve. Students investigate conservation of virulence factors using the Mauve viewer and by browsing annotations available at the A Systematic Annotation Package for Community Analysis of …
Standardised Classification Of Pre-Release Development In Male-Brooding Pipefish, Seahorses, And Seadragons (Family Syngnathidae), 2012 University of Zurich
Standardised Classification Of Pre-Release Development In Male-Brooding Pipefish, Seahorses, And Seadragons (Family Syngnathidae), Stefan Sommer, Camilla M. Whittington, Anthony B. Wilson
Publications and Research
Background: Members of the family Syngnathidae share a unique reproductive mode termed male pregnancy. Males carry eggs in specialised brooding structures for several weeks and release free-swimming offspring. Here we describe a systematic investigation of pre-release development in syngnathid fishes, reviewing available data for 17 species distributed across the family. This work is complemented by in-depth examinations of the straight-nosed pipefish Nerophis ophidion, the black-striped pipefish Syngnathus abaster, and the potbellied seahorse Hippocampus abdominalis.
Results: We propose a standardised classification of early syngnathid development that extends from the activation of the egg to the release of newborn. The classification consists …
Genetics And Cancer, 2012 Parkland College
Genetics And Cancer, Sachin Puri
A with Honors Projects
Genes' effect in body and relationship with cancer. Role in cell cycle and angiogenesis.
The Effects Of Cancer, 2012 Parkland College
The Effects Of Cancer, Mara Lapayne
A with Honors Projects
I chose to do a project related to cancer for my Painting 1 class. Using oil paint, I wanted to create a more symbolic representation of cancer. So I made a cloud-like, cancerous mass with streaks of chaotic color swirling around a central face. The face represents any person affected by cancer and has had to “shut down” their emotions in order to function. I wanted the skin texture to be almost metallic as if it is metal armor or robotic-like, to support the idea of “shutting down” one’s emotions. The blank expression also portrays this idea.
Chemotherapy: The Physiological Cost Of A Cure, 2012 Parkland College
Chemotherapy: The Physiological Cost Of A Cure, Megan Ellis
A with Honors Projects
This project focuses on the common long term side effects of cancer treatments, apart from cure. In addition to physiological function changes, it focuses on the chemical composition of chemotherapy drugs.
Conclusion Panel, 2012 University of South Carolina - Columbia
Why Do We Collect?, 2012 University of South Carolina - Columbia
Why Do We Collect?, Allison Marsh
Section 2: Imaging the Microscopic
No abstract provided.
Imaging And Aesthetics, 2012 University of South Carolina - Columbia
Imaging And Aesthetics, Allison Marsh
Section 2: Imaging the Microscopic
No abstract provided.