Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Cell Biology Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

3,267 Full-Text Articles 6,663 Authors 689,864 Downloads 199 Institutions

All Articles in Cell Biology

Faceted Search

3,267 full-text articles. Page 1 of 138.

Mitochondrial Roles In Developmentally Programmed Heart Disease, Eli John Louwagie 2023 University of South Dakota

Mitochondrial Roles In Developmentally Programmed Heart Disease, Eli John Louwagie

Dissertations and Theses

Offspring of diabetic and obese mothers (ODOM) have greater risks of heart disease at birth and later in life. However, prevention is hindered because underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Mounting studies in the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease field suggest that mitochondria play key roles in developmentally programmed heart disease similar to the roles they play in cardiomyopathy in adults with diabetes and obesity. However, whether mitochondria are responsible for the short[1]and long-term cardiac disease seen in ODOM remains unknown. Here, we sought to delineate the roles of mitochondria in the hearts of ODOM, determine whether mitochondria are playing …


Uncovering Genes Involved In Non-Npc-Associated Dbp5 Function, Jonah Hooks, Rebecca Adams 2023 Belmont University

Uncovering Genes Involved In Non-Npc-Associated Dbp5 Function, Jonah Hooks, Rebecca Adams

Belmont University Research Symposium (BURS)

During an mRNA’s lifecycle, RNA-binding proteins (RBP) are added and removed in order to facilitate export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore complex (NPC). During the RNA export process, a class of proteins termed Dead-box proteins (Dbps) are strategically located at the cytoplasmic face of the NPC to remove mRNPs from the mRNA-protein complex, providing one way directionality for export in the process termed mRNA-protein (mRNP) remodeling. Specifically, Mex67 is an RBP which ferries the transcript through the nuclear pore complex and is removed by Dbp5, which is located at the cytoplasmic …


Mirna-489 Induces Immunogenic Cell Death In Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells, Ryan P. Titus 2023 University of South Carolina - Columbia

Mirna-489 Induces Immunogenic Cell Death In Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells, Ryan P. Titus

Senior Theses

It has been well established that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the regulation of gene expression and consequently promoting or downregulating molecular pathways. When dysregulated, miRNAs have been found to serve as important biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and influence tumor initiation and progression. It has been previously established that miRNA-489 is a tumor suppressor microRNA, and it directly targets cell proliferative pathways like the HER2-SHP2-MAPK pathway. In this study, we focus on the role of miRNA-489, in the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. We first examined the effects of miRNA-489 on …


Mc-02 Increased Wound Healing In P-Glycoprotein Deficient Intestinal Cells, Madison T. McNeill, Scott Tanner 2023 University of South Carolina - Upstate

Mc-02 Increased Wound Healing In P-Glycoprotein Deficient Intestinal Cells, Madison T. Mcneill, Scott Tanner

SC Upstate Research Symposium

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disease of unknown cause and includes conditions such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. With no cure and only palliative therapies available, many patients with these conditions struggle with diarrhea, abdominal pain, and other chronic symptoms. This study is interested in investigating the multidrug resistance gene (MDR) which encodes the small molecule pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp).

This gene is responsible for regulating drug absorption and accumulation in various parts of the body such as the intestines which is of particular interest to this study. Polymorphisms of the MDR1 gene (encoding p-glycoprotein) have consequently been …


Effects On Primary Endothelial Cells When Exposed To Polyethylene Terephthalate Nanoplastic, David Guzman 2023 Pepperdine University

Effects On Primary Endothelial Cells When Exposed To Polyethylene Terephthalate Nanoplastic, David Guzman

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

As the use of plastics becomes more predominant in our environment, the interactions between nanoplastics and the human body have increased dramatically. One of the most common and prevalent plastics is polyethylene, and more specifically polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Tissue exposure to nanoplastics occurs through surface contact upon ingestion or inhalation where nanoplastics can pass readily through the epithelial layer. Directly beneath gut and lung epithelia is the endothelial layer of capillaries. Very little is known about the interactions between polyethylene and human cells, with no information currently available on its effects with the endothelial layer. Our previous research showed that …


Amphiphilic Cell-Penetrating Peptides Containing Arginine And Hydrophobic Residues As Protein Delivery Agents, Jonathan Moreno, Khalid Zoghebi, David Salehi, Lois Kim, Sorour Khayyatnejad Shoushtari, Rakesh K. Tiwari, Keykavous Parang 2023 Chapman University

Amphiphilic Cell-Penetrating Peptides Containing Arginine And Hydrophobic Residues As Protein Delivery Agents, Jonathan Moreno, Khalid Zoghebi, David Salehi, Lois Kim, Sorour Khayyatnejad Shoushtari, Rakesh K. Tiwari, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The entry of proteins through the cell membrane is challenging, thus limiting their use as potential therapeutics. Seven cell-penetrating peptides, designed in our laboratory, were evaluated for the delivery of proteins. Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis was utilized for the synthesis of seven cyclic or hybrid cyclic–linear amphiphilic peptides composed of hydrophobic (tryptophan (W) or 3,3-diphenylalanine (Dip) and positively-charged arginine (R) residues, such as [WR]4, [WR]9, [WWRR]4, [WWRR]5, [(RW)5K](RW)5, [R5K]W7, and [DipR]5. Confocal microscopy was used to screen the peptides as a protein delivery system of model cargo proteins, green and red fluorescein proteins (GFP and RFP). Based on the confocal …


Epidermal Threads Reveal The Origin Of Hagfish Slime, Yu Zeng, David C. Plachetzki, Kristen Nieders, Hannah Campbell, Marissa Cartee, M. Sabrina Pankey, Kennedy Guillen, Douglas Fudge 2023 Chapman University

Epidermal Threads Reveal The Origin Of Hagfish Slime, Yu Zeng, David C. Plachetzki, Kristen Nieders, Hannah Campbell, Marissa Cartee, M. Sabrina Pankey, Kennedy Guillen, Douglas Fudge

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

When attacked, hagfishes produce a soft, fibrous defensive slime within a fraction of a second by ejecting mucus and threads into seawater. The rapid setup and remarkable expansion of the slime make it a highly effective and unique form of defense. How this biomaterial evolved is unknown, although circumstantial evidence points to the epidermis as the origin of the thread- and mucus-producing cells in the slime glands. Here, we describe large intracellular threads within a putatively homologous cell type from hagfish epidermis. These epidermal threads averaged ~2 mm in length and ~0.5 μm in diameter. The entire hagfish body is …


Small Gtpase Regulated Intracellular Protein Trafficking In Endothelium, Caitlin Francis 2023 University of Denver

Small Gtpase Regulated Intracellular Protein Trafficking In Endothelium, Caitlin Francis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Intracellular protein trafficking is the movement of membrane-bound organelles to and from requisite locations within the cell. Small GTPases are a critical component to the spatiotemporal accuracy of intracellular trafficking pathways as they determine the specificity and direction of organelle transport. There exists over 150 small GTPases categorized into 5 sub-families and are employed across all cell types. Despite their universal expression and relevance to cellular function, small GTPases remain incompletely understood across tissue types. In various instances, the trafficking pathway of a particular Rab in one cell type may belong to a completely disparate pathway in another cell type. …


Investigating Respiratory Simplification Caused By Prenatal Rage Upregulation, Paul Reynolds 2023 Brigham Young University

Investigating Respiratory Simplification Caused By Prenatal Rage Upregulation, Paul Reynolds

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.


Potential Role For Rage In The Development Of Secondhand Smoke-Induced Chronic Sinusitis, Paul Reynolds 2023 Brigham Young University

Potential Role For Rage In The Development Of Secondhand Smoke-Induced Chronic Sinusitis, Paul Reynolds

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.


Rage Inhibition Reduces Timp And Decreases Cell Invasion In Cigarette Smoke Extract (Cse) Treated Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells, Paul Reynolds 2023 Brigham Young University

Rage Inhibition Reduces Timp And Decreases Cell Invasion In Cigarette Smoke Extract (Cse) Treated Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells, Paul Reynolds

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.


Inflammatory Cytokine Elaboration Following Secondhand Smoke Exposure Is Mediated In Part By Rage Signaling, Paul Reynolds 2023 Brigham Young University

Inflammatory Cytokine Elaboration Following Secondhand Smoke Exposure Is Mediated In Part By Rage Signaling, Paul Reynolds

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.


Rage Availability Lessens The Degree Of Dysfunctional Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Following Chronic Secondhand Smoke Exposure, Paul Reynolds 2023 Brigham Young University

Rage Availability Lessens The Degree Of Dysfunctional Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Following Chronic Secondhand Smoke Exposure, Paul Reynolds

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.


Gestational Dependent Responses To Second Hand Smoke (Shs) In Mouse Pregnancies, Paul Reynolds 2023 Brigham Young University

Gestational Dependent Responses To Second Hand Smoke (Shs) In Mouse Pregnancies, Paul Reynolds

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.


Comparison Of Dna Extraction Methods For Soft Tissue Samples, Steve Guzman, Nathaniel E. Hill, Mujtaba Shah, Jonathon Reynolds, Cole Farnsworth, Molly Henley, Alfred Amendolara, Laura Minor, John Dougherty Jr., John A. Kriak, Kyle B. Bills, David W. Sant 2023 , Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine

Comparison Of Dna Extraction Methods For Soft Tissue Samples, Steve Guzman, Nathaniel E. Hill, Mujtaba Shah, Jonathon Reynolds, Cole Farnsworth, Molly Henley, Alfred Amendolara, Laura Minor, John Dougherty Jr., John A. Kriak, Kyle B. Bills, David W. Sant

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.


Vitamin C Contributes To Epigenetic Regulation Of Genes Related To Diabetic Retinopathy In Retinal Endothelial Cells, Elizabeth L. Turner, Jonathon Reynolds, Walker Kay, Marianne Becnel, Matthew Conway, Alexander Kim, John A. Kriak, Kyle B. Bills, David W. Sant 2023 Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine

Vitamin C Contributes To Epigenetic Regulation Of Genes Related To Diabetic Retinopathy In Retinal Endothelial Cells, Elizabeth L. Turner, Jonathon Reynolds, Walker Kay, Marianne Becnel, Matthew Conway, Alexander Kim, John A. Kriak, Kyle B. Bills, David W. Sant

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.


Effects Of B4galnt1 Expression On Metastatic Phenotype And Response To Treatment In Osteosarcoma Cell Lines, Fatemeh Zareihajiabadi 2023 Roseman University of Health Sciences

Effects Of B4galnt1 Expression On Metastatic Phenotype And Response To Treatment In Osteosarcoma Cell Lines, Fatemeh Zareihajiabadi

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.


Methylene Blue Inhibits Cromakalim-Activated K+ Currents In Follicle-Enclosed Oocytes, Dmytro Isaev, Keun-Hang Susan Yang, Georg Petroianu, Dietrich Ernst Lorke, Murat Oz 2023 Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology

Methylene Blue Inhibits Cromakalim-Activated K+ Currents In Follicle-Enclosed Oocytes, Dmytro Isaev, Keun-Hang Susan Yang, Georg Petroianu, Dietrich Ernst Lorke, Murat Oz

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

The effects of methylene blue (MB) on cromakalim-induced K+ currents were investigated in follicle-enclosed Xenopus oocytes. In concentrations ranging from 3–300 μM, MB inhibited K+ currents (IC50: 22.4 μM) activated by cromakalim, which activates KATP channels. MB inhibited cromakalim-activated K+ currents in a noncompetitive and voltage-independent manner. The respective EC50 and slope values for cromakalim-activation of K+ currents were 194 ± 21 µM and 0.91 for controls, and 206 ± 24 µM and 0.87 in the presence of 30 μM MB. The inhibition of cromakalim-induced K+ currents by MB was not …


Comparison Of In-Vitro 3d Human Embryoids With Current Models For Gastrulation, Jin Park 2023 Washington University in St. Louis

Comparison Of In-Vitro 3d Human Embryoids With Current Models For Gastrulation, Jin Park

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Gastrulation is an early morphogenetic process that is conserved across most metazoans and lays out the future body plan through the formation and shaping of the three germ layers: endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Despite its importance, not much is known about the events surrounding human gastrulation that occurs in utero due to ethical and technical limitations on studying human embryos. Therefore, many researchers have devised protocols for creating in vitro models of gastrulation using embryonic stem cells. Initially starting with mouse embryonic stem cells, the field of in vitro embryo models has advanced rapidly, with protocols using human embryonic stem …


Dna Damage Response Activates The Electron Transport Chain And Oxidative Metabolism By Two Parallel Mechanisms, Shreya Nagar 2023 Saint John's University, Jamaica New York

Dna Damage Response Activates The Electron Transport Chain And Oxidative Metabolism By Two Parallel Mechanisms, Shreya Nagar

Theses and Dissertations

The DNA damage response (DDR) is an evolutionarily conserved process essential for cell survival. Major part of DDR is coordinated by DNA damage checkpoint (DDC). In addition to DDC, eukaryotic cells also have DNA replication checkpoint (DRC) that is distinct from the DDC and specifically signals slowly progressing or arrested replication forks. DDR involves stalling or arrest of the cell cycle, initiation of DNA repair, and altered regulation of transcription, translation, and the ubiquitin-proteasome system. DDR also triggers transcription shut-off of histone genes. One of the key outcomes of DDC/DRC activation is the increased synthesis of the deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs), …


Digital Commons powered by bepress